新高三上學期開學第一測英語試卷（新高考版）03（考試版）

2022屆新高三上學期開學第一測英語試卷（新高考版）03（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1.本試卷共7頁，全卷滿分150分，回答時間為120分鐘；2.答卷前，務(wù)必將答題卡上密封線內(nèi)的各項目填寫清楚；3.本試卷由選擇題和非選擇題兩大部分組成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂，非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書寫，涂寫要工整、清晰；4.考試結(jié)束，監(jiān)考員將試題卷、答題卡一并收回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhoisMr.White?A.Asalesman. B.Aprofessor. C.Arepairman.2.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inahotel. C.Inadepartmentstore.3.Whattimedoesthemanthinktheywillleave?A.At7:15. B.At7:25. C.At7:35.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedidn’tliketheworksomuchbecauseitkepthimworkinglonghours.B.Hedidn’tliketheworkbecauseitwasn’tinteresting.C.Helikedtheworkverymuch.5.Whatwasthemarkthewomangotinherexam?A.90. B.95. C.98.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白,每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6~7小題。6.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthebread?A.It’ssoft. B.It’snotfresh. C.It’sdelicious.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanshoulddo?A.Sheshouldthrowitaway. B.Sheshouldeatit. C.Sheshouldtakeitbacktothesupermarket.聽第7段材料，回答第8~9小題。8.Whycan’tthegirlgotothemovies?A.Shehastoreviewherlessons.B.Shehasseenthemoviebefore.C.Shedoesn’twanttogowiththeboy.9.Whatdoestheboythinkaboutthegirl?A.Sheneverstudieshard. B.Shestudiesverywell. C.Shewon’tpasstheexam.聽第8段材料，回答第10~12小題。10.Whomdoesthemanwanttotalkwith?A.Mr.White. B.Jim. C.DrSmith.11.WhereisDrSmith?A.Heisinhisoffice. B.Nobodyknows. C.Heisathome.12.WhichnumberisCORRECT?A.77231059. B.77231058. C.772069.聽第9段材料，回答第13~16小題。13.Whatdoesthedoctordofirst?A.Givethepatientsomemedicine.B.Takethepatient’stemperature.C.Letthepatientgohome.14.Howlonghasitbeenbotheringthepatient?A.Foralongtime. B.Abouttwodays. C.Morethanoneweek.15.Whatisthetroublewiththepatient?A.Hehasafever,feelsthirsty,andcan’tsleepwell.B.Hehasafeverandabadcough,andcan’tsleepwell.C.Hehasafeverandatoothacheandcan’tsleepwell.16.Whatshouldthepatientdo?A.Stayinbedanddrinkplentyofwater.B.Takethemedicineandstoptoeatwhenshefeelsgood.C.Takethemedicineandgotothedoctor’sinthreedays.聽第10段材料，回答第17~20小題。17.Whatisthespeakerinchargeof?A.Asmallsupermarket. B.Alargesupermarket. C.Asmallbranchofalargesupermarket.18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Thepreventionofshoplifting.B.Thecausesofshoplifting. C.Thepurposeofshoplifting.19.Whoformthegreatpartofshoplifters?A.Peopleintheirearlythirties.B.Peopleintheirtwenties. C.Teenagers.20.WhichmeasureisNOTtakentopreventshoplifting?A.Puttingchainsoralarmsongoods.B.Hiringstoredetectives.C.Usingclosedcircuittelevision.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。ANorthAmericanTrainRoutesforaFamilyVacationTheAdirondackConsideredoneofthetoptenscenictrainridesintheworld,theAdirondacktrainroutetravelsfromNewYorkCity'sPennStationtoMontreal,Canada.ThetripisgreatforaweekendawayineitherMontrealorManhattan.TheroutewilltakeyoupastWestPointAcademy,theHudsonRiverValleyandfiftymilesofTheVermonterThetripfromWashington,D．C．toSt.Albans,Vermont,takesyoufromtheU.S.capital,throughthebeautifulNewEnglandstatesofConnecticutandMassachusettsonthewaytoVermont.AsyoutravelthroughNewEnglandtowns,you'llbeabletoseesomeofthemostbeautifulsceneryinthisarea,includingrivers,fallsandcoveredbridges.TheDowneasterTheDowneasterwasestablishedin2001andwasexpandedseveralyearsagonorthwardtoFreeportandBrunswick,Maine.Theshortride(betweenthreeandfourhours)includesatripalongthebeautifulMainecoastline.Withfiveroundtripsofferedeachday,thisrouteisagreatwayforMassachusettsfamiliestovisitThePennsylvanianBothNewYorkCityandPittsburgharegreatfamilyvacationdestinationsandthePennsylvanianroutetakesyouthroughthebeautifulPennsylvanianlandscapebetweenthetwomajorcities.The9.5halfhourtriptravelsthroughavarietyofdifferentterrains(地形),andstopsalongthewayincludingNewark,Philadelphia,HarrisburgandAltoona.TheconnectingtrainserviceisavailableforthoselookingtotraveltoCleveland,Chicago,andToledofromPittsburgh.．WhereisSt.Albans?A．InVermont. B．InWashington,D．C．C．NearLakeChamplain D．InMain22．Whichtrainrouteoffersthebestchoiceforaonedayfamilysightseeing?A．TheAdirondack. B．TheVermonter.C．TheDowneaster. D．ThePennsylvanian.23．HowcanyougotoChicago?A．BytakingatrainatPennStationtoMontreal.B．BytakingaconnectingtrainatPittsburgh.C．BytravelingtoClevelandandthentoChicago.D．BytravelingthroughNewEnglandstatestoChicago.BBeforemyfamilymovedtoanewhomeinEldridge,my6yearoldsonHaydenhadsharedaroomwithhissister.Nowhissisterexcitedlyhadherownroom.Buttheboyrefusedtosleepalone.“Badguyswillattack(攻擊)meatnight.I’mafraidofthem,”saidtheboy.I’dtriedeverythingtogethimsleepinhisownroom,butnothingwashelping.Haydensaidhecouldn’tstoptheterriblethoughts.Heaskedmetocallthepolicetohelphim.Atfirst,Iwasafraidthatthepoliceofficerswouldpaynoattentiontous.But,afterItookHaydentotheEldridgePoliceDepartment,hemadefriendswithOfficerSchwartzatonce.IntheEldridgePoliceDepartment,HaydentalkedwithOfficerSchwartz.Then,OfficerSchwartzcameovertoourhome.Hefullyinspectedmyson’sbedroomtomakehimbelievethattherewerenobadguysinhisroom.Schwartzsaidtomyson,“Iexperiencedsuchthoughtsbeforebedtime,too.ButIalwaysmadethemgoawaybythinkingabouthappierthingsinstead.”Haydensleptaloneinhisroomforthefirsttimethatnight.ButSchwartz’sbadguyfightingskillsdidnotstop.Thenextday,OfficerSchwartzreturnedtoourhomeforafollowupandtosendHaydenofftohisfirstdayofschool.IammorethanthankfulthatOfficerSchwartztooktimeoutofhisbusydaytotalkwithHayden.Iknowhewillrememberthekindnesshehasshownhimforever.24．WhydidHaydenrefusetosleepalone?A．Hedidnotlikehisnewroom. B．Hemetsomebadguysduringtheday.C．Hefearedtobetakenawaybypolice. D．Hebelievedtherewerebadguysinhisroom.25．WhatdidtheauthorworryaboutbeforegoingtotheEldridgePoliceDepartmentwithherson?A．Hersonwouldnotgetbetter. B．Theofficerswouldnothelpthem.C．Theofficerswouldlaughatherson. D．Hersoncouldn’tmakefriendswiththeofficers.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inspected”inParagraph3mean?A．Cleaned. B．Visited. C．Checked. D．Painted.27．WhatisOfficerSchwartzlike?A．Kindandcaring. B．Braveandcurious.C．Seriousandcareful. D．Smartandhonest.CRaccoonsaresmallerrelativesofbears.TheyarenativetoNorthAmerica,buttheycanalsobefoundinAsiaandEurope.Raccoonsliveinwoodedareasclosetowater,buttheycanbeoftenfoundnearurbanareas.Thereareabout7differentspeciesofraccoons.Pygmyraccoonistheonlyendangeredspecies.Raccoonsusuallyreach40to70cminlengthandweighbetween5-26kg.Raccoonsthatliveincolderclimatesarelargerandheavier.Theyhavegrayishfur,blackmasksaroundeyesandlongtailscoveredwithblackandbrownbands.Becauseoftheirtails,theyarealsocalled"ringtail".Raccoonsareomnivores.Theyliketoeatinsects,eggs,smallmammals,fruit,berries,garbage,andsoon.Raccoon'shandslooklikehuman's.Theyeachhavefivefingersandareusedtocollectfood,openshells,doorortrashcans.Raccoonsoftenplacefoodinwaterbeforetheystarttoeatit.Theyhavehighlysensitivesenseoftouchandwaterincreasestheirsensitivityevenmore.Bytouchingthefood,theygetbetterinsightaboutthingstheywilleat.Theyareeasilyadaptabletovariousenvironments.Theycanliveinhollow(中空的)treesequallyhappilyliketheycaninuselesscars.Raccoonsliveontheirownandhuntatnight.Theydon'thibernate(冬眠),buttheyspendthecoldestdaysofwintersintheirholes.Mating(交配)seasontakesplacefromJanuarytomidMarch.Twomonthslater,femalewillgivebirthto3-4babies.Theirtailsdon'thavebands,andthemaskaroundeyesisstillmissing.Motherisveryprotectiveandshewillteachthemhowtosurviveandwhattoeatastheybee-readytoleavethehole.Raccoonsusuallycanliveonly1.8to3.1yearsinthewild,buttheycanliveupto20yearsatazoo.Raccoonscanpassrabies,akindofdisease,tohome-raisedanimalsandpeople,whichisverydangerous.What'smore,theirwasteoftenhasroundworms.28．Whatdowelearnaboutraccoons?A．Theylovelivingnearwater. B．Theyareatriskofdyingout.C．Theylovegettingclosetohumans. D．Theyonlyliveinareasfarfromurbanareas.29．Whatdoestheauthormostprobablymeanbysaying"Raccoonsareomnivores"?A．Theydon'thibernate. B．Theyareverylargeanimals.C．Theyaresensitivetofoods'tastes. D．Theyfeedonmanydifferenttypesoffood.30．Whatareraccoonsgoodat?A．Findingfoodindeepwater. B．Usingtheirfeettoopenfood.C．Adaptingtoanewenvironment. D．Tellingdifferencesamongsmells.31．Afterreadingthetext,wecansaythat________.A．raccoonslikeattackinghumans B．peopleconsiderraccoonsverylovelyC．raccoonsandbearshavealotinmon D．it'sbetterthathumanskeepawayfromraccoonsDOnedictionarybroadlydefinestheword“crisis”as“acrucialturningpointintheprogressofanaffairorofaseriesofevents,asinpolitics,business,astory,orplay…”Thispaperwillattempttodefineamuchnarrowerbutextremelysignificantaspectofcrisis:personalcrisis.Sometimesourmoreorlesssteadyprogressthroughlifeestoajoltinghalt(止步).Somethingunexpected,shocking,frightening,threatening,anddisastroushappensacrisis.Suchadevelopmentcandisturbrelationships,interferewithworkefficiency,andcauseconfusion,disorganization,andseriousemotionalupheaval(劇變).Solutionsthathaveworkedforusinsolvingpastproblemsnolongerproveadequate.Asanxietyincreases,ourpowerstocopewithitcorrespondinglydecrease.Thecrisisquicklyleadstofrustration;wefeelhelplesseithertoescapefromtheproblemortoresolveitsuccessfully.Manypeoplethinkofcrisisasbeingconnectedonlywithunhappyorunpleasantevents.Thisisnotthecase.Crisiscanoccurasaresultofanychange,evenonethatisgenerallyweled:marriage,birthofachild,graduationfromschoolorcollege,orelectiontopublicoffice.Crisesaregenerallyoftwotypes.First,therearetheexpected,maturationalcrisesweexperienceattimesoflifedevelopmentandchange.Examplesofthisincludeachild’sfirstenrollmentinschoolorhistransferatalateragetonewschool.Theseeventsmayprecipitate(促成)acrisisbothfortheyoungsterandhisparents.Anothertimewhencrisiscanbeexpectedisduringadolescence.Thesecondtypeofcrisisistheunexpected,accidentalkind.Thiscanstemfrommanysources:beinginvolvedinalegalsuit,havinganautomobilescrash,beingfiredfromajob,losingalargesumofmoney,orfallingsuddenlyill.Severeillnesswillcreateacrisisnotonlyfortheindividualconcernedbutalsoforhisfamily.Andanillnessmayitselfbecausedbyanemotionalcrisis,suchasthedeathofaspouse,offspring,orsibling.Inarecentattitudesurvey,researchersgatheredinformationtodeterminewhichcrisissituationsinlifeweremostlikelytoprecede(領(lǐng)先于)illness.Thestudyshowedthatthethreemoststressfullifeeventsweredeathofaspouse,divorce,andmaritalseparation.Othereventsthatfelltowardthetopofthecrisisscalewereajailterm,deathofaclosefamilymember,personalinjuryorillness,marriage,losingone’sjob,maritalresolution,retirement,changeinthehealthofafamilymember,pregnancy,gainofanewfamilymember,businessreadjustment,andchangeinfinancialstate.32．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthemostproperdefinitionof“crisis”?A．Apointormomentofgreatdanger,difficulty,oruncertainty.B．Acrucialturningpointintheprocessofanaffairorofaseriesofevents,eitherexpectedorunexpected.C．Thetimeinaseriousillnessatwhichthereisasuddenchangeforbetterorworse.D．Aresultofchange.33．AllthefollowingmaybecausesofacrisisEXCEPT________.A．pregnancy B．graduationfromhighschoolC．steadyprogressthroughlife D．a(chǎn)dolescence34．Theword“maturational”inline1Paragraph4mostprobablymeans________.A．relatedtogrowth B．relatedtoyoungstersC．pleasant D．weled35．Illness,intheauthor’sopinion,is________crisis.A．a(chǎn)causeof B．a(chǎn)resultofC．neitheracausenoraresultof D．eitheracauseoraresultof第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Youreducationisveryimportant.36．Byworkingonmakingagoodimpressioneachday,youcanenjoyapositiverelationshipwithyourteacher.Greetyourteacherwithasmile.Yourteacherlikelyarrivestoworkveryearlyeachday,perhapseverbeforethesunhasrisen.37．Greetingyourteacherwithasmileandwarmregardseverymorningisagreatwaytopromoteyourrelationshipandtoimprovetheirday.38．Anotherwaytoestablishagoodrelationshipwithyourteacherisbybeingpunctual(準時的)toclassallthetime,alwaysarrivingbeforethebellrings.Thiswillallowyourteachertoseeyouasareliablepersonwhoisrespectfuloftheirtime.Neverarguewithyourteacher.Thoughyoumayseesomeofyourclassmatesbeingdisrespectful(不尊敬的)toyourteacher,tryveryhardnottobeeoneofthesepeople.Yourteacherhasbeenhiredtoguideyoureducationandtohelpyoulearnimportantknowledgethatwillbeusefultoyouinlife.Respectthisanddonotarguewiththem.39．Followinstructions.Yourteacherlikelyhasasetofrulesthatyoumustobeyinclassinadditiontotheregularschoolrules.40．Ifyourteacherfeelsthatyoukeepyourselfoutoftrouble,theywillviewyoumorepositivelyandyourrelationshipwillstrengthen.A．etoclassontime.B．Apologizeforpastmistakes.C．Besuretomakeanoteoftheserulesandtokeepthem.D．Everyday,theyhavetoworkwithlotsofdifferentstudents.E.Soitisimportanttobuildagoodrelationshipwithyourteacher.F.However,doaskquestionsifyouareconfusedaboutsomething.G.Anythingyouneedtosaytoafriendcanbesaidafterclassorduringabreak.第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出適合填入對應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Todaywecontinueourseriesonecologyandconservationwithalookataparticularlyendangeredmemberoftheblackbearfamily.Oneintenblackbearsis41bornwithawhitecoat,whichistheresultofa/an42genethatsurfacesinafew.Localpeoplehavenamedit‘thespiritbear’.Andaccordingtothelegendsofthesemunities,itssnowyfurbringswithitaspecialpower.Becauseofthis,ithasalwaysbeenhighly43bythem—somuchthattheydonotspeakofseeingittoanyoneelse.Itistheirwayofprotectingitwhenstrangersvisitthearea.Thewhitebear’s44isquiteinteresting.Thebear’sstrongrelationshipwiththeoldgrowthrainforestisaplexone.Thewhitebearreliesonthehugecenturiesoldtreesintheforestinmanyways.45,theoldgrowthtreeshaveextremelylongrootsthathelppreventerosion(腐蝕)ofthesoilalongthebanksofthemanyfishstreams.Keepingthesebanksundamagedisimportantbecausethesestreamsarehometosalmon,whicharethebear’smainfood46.Thebear’sfeedinghabitsnurturetheforest47.Asthebearseatthesalmon,theyabandontheskinandbonesingreatamountsontheforestfloor,whichprovidevitalnutrients.Theseproducevegetationthat48thousandsofothertypesoflifeforms,frombirdstoinsectsandmore.Today,thespiritbearlivesoffthecoastoftheprovinceofBritishColumbiaonafewislands.Thereisgreatconcernfortheirsurvivalsinceitisestimatedthatlessthantwohundredofthesewhitebearsremain.ThebestwaytoprotectthemistomakeeveryefforttopreservetheThegreatest50tothebear’sexistenceisthelossofitshabitat.Overmanyyears,loggingpanieshavestrippedthelandby51alargenumberoftrees.Inaddition,theyhavebuiltroadswhichhavefracturedtheareaswherethebearusually52,andmanyhibernationsiteshavealsobeenlost.Theloggingofthetreesalongthestreamshasdamagedtheplaceswherethebearsfish.Tomakemattersworse,thenumberofsalmoninthosestreamsisdecliningbecausethereisnolegal53onfishingatthemoment.Allthese54haveanegativeimpactonthespiritbear’sveryexistence,whichismadeallthemorefragilebythefactthatreproductionamongthesebearshasalwaysbeen55low.Whileitisimportanttomaintainthespiritbear’shabitat,therealsoneedstobemoreemphasisonitsexpansion.Themoveisjustifiedasitwillalsocreatespaceforotherbearsthatarelosingtheirhomes.41．A．originally B．a(chǎn)ctually C．specially D．cautiously42．A．external B．scarce C．circular D．special43．A．justified B．threatened C．regarded D．instructed44．A．habitat B．behavior C．habit D．data45．A．Moreover B．Forexample C．Inotherwords D．Inaddition46．A．origin B．issue C．resource D．source47．A．bytheway B．inreturn C．tosomeextent D．onthecontrary48．A．stimulates B．owes C．originates D．sustains49．A．typical B．specific C．delicate D．original50．A．threat B．symbol C．sign D．effect51．A．callingin B．cuttingdown C．pushingaround D．wearingout52．A．feeds B．sleeps C．reveals D．indicates53．A．possibility B．a(chǎn)mbition C．limit D．law54．A．doubts B．influences C．guarantees D．continues55．A．optimistically B．reliably C．fundamentally D．disappointingly第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChinasafelylandedaspacecraftonMars56．thefirsttimeinitshistoryandinitsfirstattempt.beingtheonlyothernationbesidestheU.S.toachievesuchafeat.TheZhurongrover(探測車)namedafteragodoffireinAncientChinesemythology57．(successful)toucheddownontheRedPlanetaround7:18p.m.Therover58．(equip)withasetofsixinstrumentsandcamerastostudythesurface.Theyincludeaspecialradarthatcanlookforwaterandiceupto100metersbelowthesurface.Zhurongalsohasamagnetometer(隘力儀),thefirstever59．(send)toMarsonarover.AlongsideasimilarinstrumentontheTianwen1orbiter,60．willcontinuestudyingtheplanetfromafar.Therover'smagnetometercouldrevealthedetailsofhowMars61．(lose)itsmagneticfield—andconsequentlyitsatmosphereandwater—billionsofyearsago.The62．(land)ofthespacecraftonMarsisthelatestachievementfromChina'splanedrangeofambitiousspace63．(activity).Ithasconductednumerousmissionstothemoonandhasbegunthe64．(construct)ofaspacestationinEarthorbit.ThenationmaysendapairofspacecrafttotheedgeofthesolarsysteminjustafewyearsandlaunchamissiontoJupiterbytheendofthedecade.NowthatTianwen1hasshownthatChinais65．expertinterplanetaryexplorer,evenmoreadventurousprojectsmaybeonthehorizon.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假定你是李華兩周前你從網(wǎng)上買了一雙耐克鞋，昨天才到貨，且鞋子看起來舊，氣味難聞。請就此向網(wǎng)店客服寫郵件投訴。要點如下：1.介紹購物情況；2.反映存在問題，3.提出解決方案。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右(開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù))；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位查作答。參考詞匯：耐克鞋NikeshoesDearsir/madam,Iamoneofyourcustomers._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerely,LiHua______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________