2024海南中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 微專題 名詞填空（課件）

微專題名詞填空

考情概覽1

即時(shí)訓(xùn)練4

一、名詞填空——針對(duì)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示2

二、用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空——針對(duì)方框選詞3考情概覽考查題型考查點(diǎn)考查角度針對(duì)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示首字母提示(10年6考)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(10年4考)，不可數(shù)名詞(2023.76，2022.71)漢語(yǔ)提示(10年6考)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(10年3考)，不可數(shù)名詞(10年3考)方框選詞名詞變復(fù)數(shù)(10年9考)規(guī)則變化(10年8考)，不規(guī)則變化(2022.75,woman→women)考查題型考查點(diǎn)考查角度方框選詞名詞變形容詞(10年3考)n.＋-y(snow→snowy)n.＋-ly(love→lovely)n.＋-ful(use→useful)名詞變名(2022.80)science→scientist名詞變動(dòng)詞(2022.79)introduction→introduce一、名詞填空——針對(duì)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示(10年12考) 解答此類試題時(shí)，首先應(yīng)根據(jù)句意或漢語(yǔ)提示判斷所填詞的詞義；再分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)判斷是否填名詞。判斷空格處使用名詞的方法如下：二、用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空——針對(duì)方框選詞(10年14考)分析海南近10年中考真題可知，方框選詞試題2023年由“詞匯A方框選詞完成句子”變?yōu)椤霸~匯B方框選詞完成短文”，考查點(diǎn)仍然延續(xù)往年的特點(diǎn)。1考向可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)(10年9考)(一)可數(shù)名詞(1)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，如：adesk,twodesks；(2)可數(shù)名詞可以被基數(shù)詞、不定冠詞(a/an)和many修飾，如：threeboys,anapple,manystudents;(3)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞有：trousers/pants褲子，glasses眼鏡，clothes衣服，scissors剪刀，chopsticks筷子，shorts短褲，socks短襪等。知識(shí)必備(4)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加-scoin→①________(2023.81)animal→②________(2023.75)film→films(2020.81)club→clubs(2022.78)kilo→kilos(2023.71)以字母s,x,sh,ch等結(jié)尾的詞加-esbox→③________(2023.77)watch→watches特例：stomach→stomachscoinsanimalsboxes情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以字母f或fe結(jié)尾的詞變f或fe為v再加-eswife→wivesleaf→leavesknife→④________特例：belief→beliefs以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞先變y為i，再加-escountry→⑤________(2022.78)story→storiesknivescountries情況構(gòu)成方法例詞以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的詞加-es或-s有生命加-estomato→⑥________(2022.67)hero→heroes無生命加-spiano→pianostomatoes①以o結(jié)尾的名詞，多數(shù)情況加-s,如：radio→radios,photo→photos。有些在詞尾加-es，可巧記為“英雄(hero)愛吃土豆(potato)和西紅柿(tomato)”；②有些以f或ef結(jié)尾的詞直接加-s變成復(fù)數(shù)，如：roof→roofs,proof→proofs,chief→chiefs。注

意(5)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化表情況構(gòu)成方法例詞變內(nèi)部元音字母或組合變a為eman→menwoman(2022.75)→⑦_(dá)_______gentleman→gentlemen特例：German→Germanshuman→humans變oo為eefoot→feettooth→⑧________goose→geese特例：boot→boots其他mouse→micewomenteeth情況例詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形sheep→sheepdeer→deerChinese→ChineseJapanese→Japanese詞尾加-renchild→children(二)不可數(shù)名詞(1)不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：tea,meat。(2)不可數(shù)名詞不可以被基數(shù)詞和不定冠詞(a/an)直接修飾，若表示數(shù)量，可用量詞詞組來表達(dá)，如：apieceofpaper,twocupsoftea。(3)只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)：much,little,alittle,abitof,agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof等。(4)中考常見的不可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞，即不能用數(shù)字來進(jìn)行計(jì)算的名詞，可分為：物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。類別例詞物質(zhì)名詞液體orange橙汁milk牛奶water水wine酒juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡soup湯oil油食物bread面包meat肉自然物質(zhì)soil土壤sand沙子wood木頭類別例詞抽象名詞情感joy高興sadness憂傷學(xué)科math數(shù)學(xué)geography地理physics物理chemistry化學(xué)概念advice建議information信息news消息time時(shí)間knowledge知識(shí)music音樂 既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞的名詞拓

展名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)chicken小雞雞肉paper報(bào)紙；文件紙experience經(jīng)歷經(jīng)驗(yàn)room房間空間fish魚魚肉time次數(shù)；倍數(shù)時(shí)間glass玻璃杯玻璃wood樹林木頭orange橙子橙汁work作品工作2考向名詞變形容詞(10年3考)(1)be動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/感官動(dòng)詞＋形容詞(2022.76，2023.74)。如：Pandasaresolovely(love)．(2022.76)Thismachineisveryuseful(use)．(2023.74)(2)形容詞＋名詞(2022.69)。如：snowy(snow)day(2022.69)；(3)復(fù)合不定代詞＋形容詞。如：somethingwonderful(wonder)；(4)形容詞＋and/or＋形容詞。如：beautifulandpeaceful(peace)。常見的名詞變形容詞的規(guī)律如下：(1)n.＋(雙寫末尾字母)-y(尤其是一些與天氣有關(guān)的名詞)(2022.69)cloud→cloudy snow→snowysun→sunny rain→rainywind→windy fog→foggy(2)n.＋-ly(2022.76)friend→friendly love→lovely知識(shí)必備(3)n.＋-ful(2023.74)use→useful help→helpfulharm→harmful power→powerfulwonder→wonderful(4)n.＋-al或去e＋-alcentre→central culture→culturalnation→national nature→naturalperson→personal practice→practical(5)n.＋-ousdanger→dangerous humor→humorous(6)n.＋-less(構(gòu)成含有否定意義的形容詞)care→careless home→homelesshope→hopeless use→useless3考向名詞變名詞(2022.80)(1)形容詞性物主代詞/形容詞＋名詞(2022.80)。如：afamousscientist(science)；(2)基數(shù)詞＋名詞。如：threeJapaneseandtwoAmericans(America)；(3)冠詞a/an/the＋名詞。如：Myfatherisamusician(music)．(4)名詞所有格＋名詞。如：mysister'sbirthday(birth)。常見的名詞變名詞的規(guī)律如下：(1)n.(去ce/o)＋-(t)ist(2022.80)science→scientist piano→pianistart→artist violin→violinist(2)n.＋-ese或-n(構(gòu)成表示國(guó)籍、語(yǔ)言的名詞)America→American India→IndianAustralia→Australian Japan→Japanese注意：Canada→Canadian China→Chinese知識(shí)必備(3)n.＋-ianmusic→musician(4)其他形式friend→friendship class→classmate4考向名詞變動(dòng)詞(2022.79)(1)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(2022.79)。如：Letmeintroduce

(introduction)someplacesofinterest.(2)句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。常見的名詞變動(dòng)詞列舉如下：introduction→introduce education→educatecommunication→communicate decision→decideinvitation→invite production→produceencouragement→encourage agreement→agree知識(shí)必備即時(shí)訓(xùn)練一、根據(jù)句意及所給的詞首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，補(bǔ)全單詞。Group11.Betty,youshouldbeconfidentinyourself.Itisthefirsts________tosuccess.2.It'sas________betweenyouandme.Don'tletothersknow.3.Thankyouforgivingmetheusefula________onlearningEnglish.tepecretdvice4.The________(噪音)madeitimpossibleformetosleep,soIdecidedtogetupandreadabook.5.Ifyoufeelhotintheoffice,youcantakeoffyour________(外套).noisecoatGroup26.Helearnedanimportantl________fromhistravelexperience.7.Thelittleboyisalwayshelpfulandsetsagoode___________forothers.8.Daisy'scatcan'twalkwellbecausethereissomethingwrongwithitsonel________.9.Keepinga________(日記)inEnglishhelpsusalotinwriting.10.Mymother'scookingskillswillnotonlysatisfyourstomachbutalsoour________(精神).essonxampleegdiaryspiritGroup311.Almosteveryc________likestoplaywithmebecauseIalwayssharemytoyswiththem.12.Wecangetmuchi____________ontheInternet.13.It'ssurprisingthatJudywaschosentomakea________(演講)infrontofallstudents.14.It'sreallyagood________(主意)tointroducetraditionalChinesemedicineintothetextbook.15.BeijingOpera,animportantpartofChineseculture,hasa________(歷史)ofnearly200years.hildnformationspeechideahistoryGroup416.Thesechildrenareraisingm________fortheirsickclassmate.17.Withhishardwork,hefinallygotagoodg________inthecompetition.18.Recently,learningChinesehasbecomeahottopicaroundthew________.19.It'sa________(遺憾)thatyoumissedtheconcert.It'ssoamazing.20.Whenthemoviestarted,alltheaudiencewatchedthe________(屏幕)silently.oneyradeorldpityscreen二、選用方框內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式，完成句子。(每詞限用一次)Group121.(2020海南81題)Ilikemusicverymuch,especiallymusicinEnglish________．22.(2023海南81題)Hegavehislastfew________tothebeggar.23.(2022海南78題)Therearemany________inourschool.Youcanjoinanyofthem.24.(2023海南77題)Putthebananasintothesefive________,kids.25.(2022海南78題)Chinaisoneofthebiggest________intheworld.clubcountryfilmcoinboxfilmscoinsclubsboxescountriesGroup226.(2023海南75題)Weshouldbefriendlyto________.They'realsomembersofourworld.27.(2022海南75題)Many________oftengodancingintheopenair.28.(2023海南71題)—Howmanyorangeswouldyoulike?—Two________,please.29.(2022海南67題)Motheraskedmetobuysome__________fordinnertonight.30.(2022海南76題)Pandasareso________thattheyarepopularwithmanypeople.lovekiloanimaltomatowomananimalswomenkilostomatoeslovelyGroup331.(2023海南74題)Thismachineisvery________.ItcanhelpyoulearnEnglish.32.(2022海南69題)Theweatherreportsaystherewillbeanother________daytomorrow.Putonmoreclotheswhenyougoout.33.(2022海南80題)StephenHawking,awell-known________,diedonMarch14th,2022.34.(2022海南79題)Welcometoourcity!Letme________someplacesofinteresttoyou.usesnowintroductionscienceusefulsnowyscientistintroduceGroup435.AlthoughDavidhaslivedinChinaforseveral________，hecouldhardlysp