Unit1單元綜合測(cè)試習(xí)題檢測(cè)高一英語

Unit1單元綜合測(cè)試習(xí)題檢測(cè)閱讀理解A（2024·山西省部分名校）InsiderFlightTipsforYourJourneyAnyonecanbookatrip,butnoteveryonecanplananultimateadventurethatisaffordable,acmodatingandfun.Attripinsiders.org,weaimtoprovideyouwiththebestinsidersecretsinthetravelbusiness.Andonthiswebsite,wealsoofferastateofthearttravelparisontooltomakeplanningeasierthanever.Herearesomeinsidertipsthatwe'dliketosharewithyouaboutflights.LookforGlitch(小故障)FaresOnlinebookingsystemsforairfaredon’tewithoutapricingmistakeeveryonceinawhile.Followdealmindedtravelsitesandblogstolearnaboutpricingmistakesthatworkinyourfavor.Thisisthemostusefulifyoulivenearamajorairportandhaveaflexibleschedule.ConsiderAlternateAirportsSomemajorcitieshavemorethanoneairport,somakesuretocheckthemallforthecheapestfares.Forexample,ifyou’replanningtovisittheBayAreaofCalifornia,checkforratesinbothSanFranciscoInternationalAirportandOaklandInternationalAirport.CrosstheBorderbyLandDomesticflightsareoftencheaperthaninternationalones,soifyoulivenearaborderandwanttoflytoaneighboringcountry,youcansavebycrossingtheborderbylandandthencatchingadomesticflight.Forexample,TorontoresidentsmaysavebycrossingtheAmericanborderintoBuffaloandthenflyingtoanotherAmericancity.UseaDigitalLuggageScaleThere’snothingmorefrustratingthanlearningthatyourbagistooheavytoflyorthatit’llcostyouextrawhenyouarriveattheairport.Digitalluggagescalesaregreatformakingsurethatyou’renotgoingoverthebaggagelimitwithyournewsouvenirs.1.Whatisthemainpurposeof?A.Toremendtravelwebsites. B.Tofundthetravelbusiness.C.Toadvertiseatravelagency. D.Touncovertravelbusinesssecrets.2.Whatisadvisedforairtravel?A.Selectingairports. B.Flyingtheborder.C.Carryingmorebaggage. D.Havingafixedschedule.3.Whatdothefourtipshaveinmon?A.Theycoverallaspectsofatrip. B.Theyhelptravelerssavemoney.C.Theymerelyapplytobusinessmen. D.TheyareonlyforTorontoresidents.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四種能幫助旅行者省錢的小貼士。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Attripinsiders.org,weaimtoprovideyouwiththebestinsidersecretsinthetravelbusiness.(在tripinsiders.org網(wǎng)站，我們的目標(biāo)是為您提供在旅游業(yè)務(wù)上最好的內(nèi)幕秘密)”可知，該網(wǎng)站的目的是為了揭開旅游商業(yè)的秘密。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ConsiderAlternateAirports中關(guān)鍵句“Somemajorcitieshavemorethanoneairport,somakesuretocheckthemallforthecheapestfares.(一些大城市有不止一個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)，所以一定要檢查所有機(jī)場(chǎng)，以獲得最便宜的機(jī)票)”可知，作者建議在航空旅游中篩選最便宜的機(jī)場(chǎng)來省錢。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)LookforGlitch(小故障)Fares中關(guān)鍵句“Followdealmindedtravelsitesandblogstolearnaboutpricingmistakesthatworkinyourfavor.(關(guān)注注重交易的旅游網(wǎng)站和博客，了解對(duì)你有利的定價(jià)錯(cuò)誤)”；ConsiderAlternateAirports中關(guān)鍵句“Somemajorcitieshavemorethanoneairport,somakesuretocheckthemallforthecheapestfares.(一些大城市有不止一個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)，所以一定要檢查所有機(jī)場(chǎng)，以獲得最便宜的機(jī)票)”；CrosstheBorderbyLand中關(guān)鍵句“Domesticflightsareoftencheaperthaninternationalones,soifyoulivenearaborderandwanttoflytoaneighboringcountry,youcansavebycrossingtheborderbylandandthencatchingadomesticflight.(國(guó)內(nèi)航班通常比國(guó)際航班便宜，所以如果你住在邊境附近，想飛往鄰國(guó)，你可以通過陸路過境，然后乘坐國(guó)內(nèi)航班)”及UseaDigitalLuggageScale中關(guān)鍵句“There’snothingmorefrustratingthanlearningthatyourbagistooheavytoflyorthatit’llcostyouextrawhenyouarriveattheairport.Digitalluggagescalesaregreatformakingsurethatyou’renotgoingoverthebaggagelimitwithyournewsouvenirs.(沒有什么比得知你的行李太重而不能飛行或者當(dāng)你到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)需要額外支付費(fèi)用更令人沮喪的了。電子行李秤可以很好地確保你攜帶的新紀(jì)念品不會(huì)超過行李限額)”可推知，四個(gè)貼士都與節(jié)約費(fèi)用有關(guān)，都能幫助旅行者省錢。故選B。B（2024·河南省商丘市部分名校）Areyourkeysnotinthespotyouthoughtyouleftthem?Can’trecallthetitleofabook?I’vehadthosemoments.Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.AnewstudyfindsTaiChistudycanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).Thestudyincludedabout300olderadults,intheirmid70sonaverage,whohadallreportedthattheirmemorywasnotasgoodasitusedtobe.Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis2630.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhopracticedasimplifiedformofTaiChitwiceaweekforaboutsixmonthsimprovedtheirscoreby1.5points,meaningthatthey’regoingtogetthreeextrayearsbeforetheyhitthatdeclineintodementia.ResearchersalsotestedamorestrictertypeofTaiChi,calledCognitivelyEnhancedTaiChi,wheretheyprovidedextrachallenges.Forexample,participantswereaskedtospellaword,backwardandforward,astheymovedthroughaseriesofTaiChimoves.ThepeoplewhopracticethistypeofcognitivelyenhancedTaiChiimprovedtheirscoresbyabout3points,meaningtheyaregivensixextrayearsofcognitivefunction.ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitbinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikeposingdancingmoves.4.Whyaretwoquestionsraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor’sdoubts. B.Toexpectanswersfromreaders.C.Toanalyzethecausesofforgetfulness. D.Tointroducethemaintopicofthetext.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?ACognitiveassessmentmethods. B.Theprocessofrunningthetest.C.Cognitivemeasurementcriteria. D.Thetestresultsoftheparticipants.6.Whatdoestheprebestaveragescoreoftheparticipantsimply?A.Mostofthemsufferfrom,dementia. B.Theyremainasquickmindedasbefore.C.Manyofthemhaveslightcognitivedecline. D.Theycanprotectthemselvesagainstdementia.7.WhydoesTaiChihaveapositiveimpact?A.Ithelpsresolvechallenges. B.Itinvolvesmindbodymovements.C.Itputsoffcognitivedeclinebythreeyears. D.Itimprovestheparticipantsacademiclevel.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Suchinstancesof“brainfreeze”remindusthatweshoulddoeverythinginourpowertokeepourbrainssharp.(這些“大腦凍結(jié)”的例子提醒我們，我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能保持我們的大腦敏銳)”和第二段的“AnewstudyfindsTaiChicanhelpslowcognitive(認(rèn)知的)declineandprotectagainstdementia(癡呆).(一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆)”可推知，文章開頭的兩個(gè)問題是為了引出“練太極拳有助于減緩認(rèn)知衰退和預(yù)防癡呆”這個(gè)主題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Aspartofthestudy,alltheparticipantstooka10mirrutetestcalledtheMontrealCognitiveAssessment.Anormalscoreis2630.Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities,Oncetheirscoredropsunder18,peopleexperiencequiteabitofimpairmentfrommemorylossandcognitivedecline.(作為研究的一部分，所有參與者都參加了一個(gè)名為蒙特利爾認(rèn)知評(píng)估的10分鐘測(cè)試。正常的分?jǐn)?shù)是2630。得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度損傷，這意味著他們沒有癡呆癥，但他們不像以前那么敏銳，可能需要更加努力地來維持日?；顒?dòng)，一旦他們的得分降至18分以下，人們經(jīng)歷相當(dāng)多的記憶喪失和認(rèn)知能力下降的損害)”可知，本段主要內(nèi)容是認(rèn)知測(cè)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Theaveragescoreofparticipantsatthestartofthestudywas25.(研究開始時(shí)，參與者的平均得分是25分)”以及第三段“Apersonwhoscoresbetween18and25isconsideredtohavemildimpairment(損害),whichmeanstheydon’thavedementiabutthey’renotassharpastheyusedtobeandmayneedtoworkhardertomaintaineverydayactivities.(得分在18到25分之間的人被認(rèn)為有輕度損傷，這意味著他們沒有癡呆癥，但他們不像以前那么敏捷，可能需要更加努力地維持日?；顒?dòng))”可知，他們中的許多人有輕微的認(rèn)知能力下降。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThetheoryonwhyTaiChiiseffectiveisthatitbinesthememorizationofthemovements,knownasforms,almostlikeposingdancingmoves.(為什么太極拳有效的理論是，它結(jié)合了動(dòng)作的記憶，幾乎像編排舞蹈動(dòng)作)”可知，太極之所以起到積極作用是因?yàn)樗婕吧硇倪\(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。C（2024·江蘇省南通市名校聯(lián)盟）OnachillyautumnmorningintheItaliancountrysidenearLarderello,Tuscany,themistylandscaperemindedmewhytheareaisnicknamedtheDevil’sValley.Thelandhereisawebofnaturalcracksintherockthatletamixofsteamandgasesreachthesurface.UnliketherollinghillsandcypresslinedroadsofotherpartsofTuscany,thelandscapehereiscoveredwithdozensofgreycoolingtowerspuffingwhitevapors.Thedeafeningroarofaturbine(渦輪機(jī))attheValleSecologeothermal(地?zé)岬?plantbreaksthequietness,butitsviolentspinningtransformssteamrisingfromundergroundintoenergyfor150,000familiesintheregion.About30%ofTuscany’selectricityesfromthisenergysource.Afterproducingelectricity,theleftoversteamheatswaterfornearbydistricts.Thisundergroundenergyhasrecentlyprovedavitalresource.ItalygreatlydependedonRussianfossilfuelsandin2023Italiansboretheworld’shighesthouseholdelectricitybills.Factoriescutdownproductionandhouseholdshadtoturndowntheirheaters.ButresidentsoftheLarderelloareaspentthewinterinwarmhomes,thankstothelocalgeothermalplantsworking24/7.BrunoDellaVedova,presidentoftheItalianGeothermalUnion,hopesthatinthefutureotherItalianregionscouldbenefitfromsucharesource,whichisextremelyimportantwhenthewholeworldlookstotransitiontorenewableenergy.WhilecountrieslikeIcelandandKenyaaretakingadvantageoftheirgeothermalresources,theindustry’sgrowthhasmadeslowprogressinItaly.Highsetupcostsanddifficultiesinextractionpresentsignificantbarriers.Andnewplantsoftenrunintooppositionfromnearbymunitiesoverhealthconcerns.Italysitsonageothermalsweetspot.EspeciallybelowLarderello,asDellaVedovasays.Avastreservoir(儲(chǔ)備)ofsteamandwateristrappedbetweenEarth’sinnerheatandalayerofclayheavyrocks.Hightemperaturesleadtotheformationofsteamdirectlyinsidethereservoir,providingasignificantsourceofenergy.ButwhileheatfromEarth’scoreispracticallyendless,thewateritheatswithintheplanetarenot.SoDellaVedovasaysrestoringundergroundwatersuppliesandusingthemsustainablyiscriticalforthefuture.“Wecan’ttakeadvantageofageothermalresourceatwill,”hesays.8.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thelandscapeinthecountryside.B.Theintroductiontoageothermalplant.C.TheapplicationofgeothermalenergyinTuscany.D.Theprocessofturningundergroundsteamintoheat.9.WhyhasgeothermalindustrydevelopedslowlyinItaly?A.Peoplenearnewplantsobjecttoit.B.Geothermalplantscutdowntheirproduction.C.Thereisverylittleundergroundwaterandsteam.D.Peopleuselesselectricitybyturningdownheaters.10.WhatisDellaVedova’sattitudetotheprospectofgeothermalenergy?A.Unfavorable. B.Unclear. C.Optimistic. D.Cautious.11.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.WheredoesgeothermalenergyleadItaly?B.IstheheatfromEarth’scorereallylimitless?C.CanenergyfromundergroundhelppowerItaly?D.Howcangeothermalenergybeusedscientifically?【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了意大利拉德雷洛地區(qū)豐富的地?zé)豳Y源，如何被利用來為當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裉峁┠茉?，并探討了地?zé)豳Y源可持續(xù)利用的重要性?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“UnliketherollinghillsandcypresslinedroadsofotherpartsofTuscany,thelandscapehereiscoveredwithdozensofgreycoolingtowerspuffingwhitevapors.Thedeafeningroarofaturbine(渦輪機(jī))attheValleSecologeothermal(地?zé)岬?plantbreaksthequietness,butitsviolentspinningtransformssteamrisingfromundergroundintoenergyfor150,000familiesintheregion.About30%ofTuscany’selectricityesfromthisenergysource.Afterproducingelectricity,theleftoversteamheatswaterfornearbydistricts.(與托斯卡納其他地區(qū)連綿起伏的丘陵和柏樹林立的道路不同，這里的風(fēng)景被幾十座灰色的冷卻塔覆蓋，散發(fā)著白色的蒸汽。山谷塞科洛地?zé)岚l(fā)電廠震耳欲聾的渦輪機(jī)的轟鳴聲打破了寧?kù)o，但它猛烈的旋轉(zhuǎn)將地下升起的蒸汽轉(zhuǎn)化為該地區(qū)15萬戶家庭的能源。托斯卡納約30%的電力來自這種能源。在發(fā)電后，剩余的蒸汽為附近的地區(qū)加熱水。)”可知，第二段主要描述了在托斯卡納地區(qū)地?zé)崮艿膽?yīng)用。它提到了瓦萊塞科洛地?zé)岚l(fā)電廠，該發(fā)電廠將地下冒出的蒸汽轉(zhuǎn)化為該地區(qū)15萬戶家庭的能源。它還提到，托斯卡納大約30%的電力來自這種能源。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“WhilecountrieslikeIcelandandKenyaaretakingadvantageoftheirgeothermalresources,theindustry’sgrowthhasmadeslowprogressinItaly.Highsetupcostsanddifficultiesinextractionpresentsignificantbarriers.Andnewplantsoftenrunintooppositionfromnearbymunitiesoverhealthconcerns.(冰島和肯尼亞等國(guó)正在利用本國(guó)的地?zé)豳Y源，而意大利的地?zé)岙a(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展卻進(jìn)展緩慢。高昂的安裝成本和困難的開采構(gòu)成了重大障礙。此外，新工廠經(jīng)常因?yàn)榻】祮栴}遭到附近社區(qū)的反對(duì)。)”可知，意大利地?zé)岙a(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展緩慢是因?yàn)楦甙旱脑O(shè)立成本和提取困難，也是因?yàn)樾陆üS經(jīng)常因?yàn)榻】祿?dān)憂而遭到附近社區(qū)的反對(duì)。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ButwhileheatfromEarth’scoreispracticallyendless,thewateritheatswithintheplanetarenot.SoDellaVedovasaysrestoringundergroundwatersuppliesandusingthemsustainablyiscriticalforthefuture.“Wecan’ttakeadvantageofageothermalresourceatwill,”hesays.(但是，雖然地核的熱量實(shí)際上是無窮無盡的，但它在地球上加熱的水卻不是。因此，DellaVedova表示，恢復(fù)地下水供應(yīng)并可持續(xù)地利用它們對(duì)未來至關(guān)重要?！拔覀儾荒茈S意利用地?zé)豳Y源”，他說。)”可知，DellaVedova對(duì)地?zé)崮茉辞熬氨в兄?jǐn)慎的態(tài)度。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“BrunoDellaVedova,presidentoftheItalianGeothermalUnion,hopesthatinthefutureotherItalianregionscouldbenefitfromsucharesource,whichisextremelyimportantwhenthewholeworldlookstotransitiontorenewableenergy.(BrunoDellaVedova是意大利地?zé)崧?lián)盟的主席，他希望將來意大利的其他地區(qū)也能從這種資源中受益。當(dāng)全世界都在向可再生能源過渡時(shí)，這種資源是極其重要的。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要描述了意大利托斯卡納地區(qū)的地?zé)崮茉慈绾伪挥脕頌楫?dāng)?shù)鼐用裉峁╇娏凸┡?，并?qiáng)調(diào)了這種能源在能源供應(yīng)中的重要性。同時(shí)，文章也提到了地?zé)崮茉吹那熬昂吞魬?zhàn)，以及意大利地?zé)崧?lián)盟主席BrunoDellaVedova對(duì)地?zé)崮茉吹目捶ê蛻B(tài)度。選項(xiàng)C“CanenergyfromundergroundhelppowerItaly?(來自地下的能源能幫助為意大利供電嗎？)”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的主要內(nèi)容。故選C。D（2024·內(nèi)蒙古名校聯(lián)盟）ItaliandiverandgardenerSergioGamberinidecidedtoseeifhecouldgrowvegetablesinaplasticballoonunderwater.Theexperimentwasasuccess—sohedecidedtodivedeeperintotheworldofunderwateragriculture.Today,Gamberiniisthefounderofapanyusing“biospheres”offthecoastofItalytogrowavarietyofplants,introducingtheworldtoanewtypeofagriculture.Thepany’ssix“biospheres”areairfilledplasticballoonsabouttwometerswide.Eachisfixedtotheseabedbychainssothatitsitsbetween15and36feetbelowsealevel.ThebiospheresareequippedwithcamerasandsensorsthatallowresearchersinthepanytomonitorCO2levels,humidity,temperature,andmorefromacontroltowerontheshoreline.There’salsoadevicetomunicatewithdiversinthebiospheres.Solarpanels(太陽(yáng)能電池板)ontheroofofthecontroltowerpowerthefansthatcreateairflowinsidethebiospheres,andbecausethetemperatureinsideandoutsidethebiospheresisconsistent,there’snoneedtoexpendenergyontheheatingorcoolingsystemsneededfortraditionalgreenhouses.Theunderwatergardendoesn’trequirepesticides(殺蟲劑)sincebugscan’treachtheplants,andthoughmoreresearchisneeded,thepanynotesonitswebsitethatthehigherpressureconditionsunderwaterappeartohelpplantsgrowmorequickly.Thepanyisnowreadytoshiftfromtheresearchphaseofdevelopmenttooptimizing(優(yōu)化)itsbiospheresforindustrialization,withthegoalofexpandingthemoffcoastlinesaroundtheworld.Toachievetheaim,thestartupisnowtakingadvantageof“digitaltwin”technologytopreciselysimulate(模仿)everyaspectofitsunderwatergarden.Evenwithalltheoptimizationpotentialofferedbytechnology,Gamberiniadmitsit’shardtoimaginetheproducegrowninhisstartup’sbiosphereseverpetingfinanciallywithtraditionallygrowncrops.Still,hehopesthesystem’ssustainabilitywillbeenoughtodrawcustomers.12.WhatdoesGamberini’spanyuse“biospheres”mainlyfor?A.Doingscientificresearchonmarinelife.B.Creatingahabitatforunderwateranimals.C.Monitoringclimatechangeeffectsoncoastalregions.D.Growingdifferenttypesofplantsthroughunderwateragriculture.13.Howisthetemperaturemaintainedinsidethebiospheres?A.Bytemperatureregulationbydivers.B.Byadvancedheatingandcoolingsystems.C.Bysolarpanelsontheroofofthecontroltower.D.Bynaturalclimateconditionsofunderwaterenvironment.14.WhatcanweinferaboutGamberini’spany?A.Ithaslittlenegativeinfluenceontheenvironment. B.Itnegativelyaffectsoceanbiodiversity.C.Itleadstomuchuseofpesticides. D.Itcontributestoclimatechange.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GrowPlantsUndertheSea B.TheCreativeWorldofKeepingAnimalsC.ExploretheDepthsofUnderwaterFarming D.TheChallengeofGrowingGreensUnderwater【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一家公司的創(chuàng)始人利用意大利海岸的“生物圈”種植各種植物，向世界介紹一種新型農(nóng)業(yè),并介紹了這種農(nóng)業(yè)所采取的技術(shù)以及優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Today,Gamberiniisthefounderofapanyusing“biospheres”offthecoastofItalytogrowavarietyofplants,introducingtheworldtoanewtypeofagriculture.(如今，甘貝里尼是一家公司的創(chuàng)始人，利用意大利海岸的“生物圈”種植各種植物，向世界介紹一種新型農(nóng)業(yè)。)”可知，甘貝里尼的公司使用“生物圈”主要是為了通過水下農(nóng)業(yè)種植不同種類的植物。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Solarpanels(太陽(yáng)能電池板)ontheroofofthecontroltowerpowerthefansthatcreateairflowinsidethebiospheres,andbecausethetemperatureinsideandoutsidethebiospheresisconsistent,there’snoneedtoexpendenergyontheheatingorcoolingsystemsneededfortraditionalgreenhouses.(控制塔屋頂上的太陽(yáng)能電池板為在生物圈內(nèi)產(chǎn)生氣流的風(fēng)扇提供動(dòng)力，而且由于生物圈內(nèi)外的溫度是一致的，因此不需要在傳統(tǒng)溫室所需的加熱或冷卻系統(tǒng)上花費(fèi)能源。)”可知，生物圈內(nèi)通過控制塔屋頂?shù)奶?yáng)能電池板來維持溫度。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Theunderwatergardendoesn’trequirepesticides(殺蟲劑)sincebugscan’treachtheplants,andthoughmoreresearchisneeded,thepanynotesonitswebsitethatthehigherpressureconditionsunderwaterappeartohelpplantsgrowmorequickly.(水下花園不需要?dú)⑾x劑，因?yàn)橄x子無法接近植物，盡管還需要更多的研究，但該公司在其網(wǎng)站上指出，水下的高壓環(huán)境似乎有助于植物生長(zhǎng)得更快。)”以及最后一段“Still,hehopesthesystem’ssustainabilitywillbeenoughtodrawcustomers.(不過，他希望該系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)性足以吸引顧客。)”可推知，甘貝里尼的公司具有可持續(xù)性，對(duì)氣候變化有幫助。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ItaliandiverandgardenerSergioGamberinidecidedtoseeifhecouldgrowvegetablesinaplasticballoonunderwater.Theexperimentwasasuccess—sohedecidedtodivedeeperintotheworldofunderwateragriculture.(意大利潛水員兼園丁塞爾吉奧·甘貝里尼決定試試能否在水下的塑料氣球里種蔬菜。實(shí)驗(yàn)取得了成功，于是他決定更深入地研究水下農(nóng)業(yè)。)”結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，主要說明了一家公司的創(chuàng)始人利用意大利海岸的“生物圈”種植各種植物，向世界介紹一種新型農(nóng)業(yè)，并介紹了這種農(nóng)業(yè)所采取的技術(shù)以及優(yōu)勢(shì)可知，C選項(xiàng)“探索水下養(yǎng)殖的深度”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。二、七選五（2024·山東高中名校）MyfirstmemoryofacademicanxietywaswhenIwasinsecondgrade.Ihadnightmaresaboutforgettingtodoworksheets.____16____It’snotsurprisingthatitfounditswaytome—inmanyways,myyoungerexperienceswithacademicanxietymirrormymother’s.ThewayIexperiencetheworldaroundmehasbeenshapedbyanxietyforasfarbackasmymemorycouldtakeme.Inhighschool,testanxietyruledmyworld.Smallquizzeswouldhavemereadytothrowup;bigexamsmademeextremelytired.____17____ButI’dhavetolearntodealwithit.Whenthepandemic(流行病)forcedschooltomoveonline,schoolbecamemoreflexibleanditwasalotlessserious.Assignmentsandtestswerestructureddifferentlyandthingsbegantogentlyshiftforme.____18____Beingabletotakeassessmentsfrommyownroom,pletelyalone,alsohelpedcalmmynerves.AndmyteachersprovidedmewithfortIneeded.Weshouldnotwaitforhelp.____19____Recently,amidtermdidn’ttriggerpanic.Noextremeexhaustionoruneasiness,justhealthynervousness.Thenightbeforethetest,IwatchedTV,justthinkingmostlyaboutwhatIwasgoingtoorderatStarbuckswhenIfinished.____20____Achievingthismentalstaterequiredsignificanttimeandenergy.Ifanxietyissuretoe,I’llcontinuegettingridofit.A.Icouldn’timagineanotherway.B.Thisanxiousnessesfrommyfamily.C.Thesethoughtswouldawakemeatnight.D.Opennotetestshelpedmerelievemyanxiety.E.Althoughanxietyisstillhere,it’snotmy“normal”.F.Itwasastrugglingwaytopullmyselfthroughexams.G.Instead,weshouldworkonourselves,andchangeforbetterourselves.【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.G20.E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議。這篇文章主要講述了作者從小就有學(xué)業(yè)焦慮的經(jīng)歷，但隨著時(shí)間的推移和疫情的爆發(fā)，作者逐漸學(xué)會(huì)處理焦慮的方法，并最終在一次考試中取得了健康緊張的狀態(tài)。作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了及早尋求幫助的重要性，并鼓勵(lì)自己繼續(xù)克服焦慮?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“MyfirstmemoryofacademicanxietywaswhenIwasinsecondgrade.Ihadnightmaresaboutforgettingtodoworksheets.(我對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)焦慮的第一次記憶是在二年級(jí)的時(shí)候。我做過忘記做練習(xí)題的噩夢(mèng))”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是作者對(duì)學(xué)業(yè)的焦慮。B選項(xiàng)“Thisanxiousnessesfrommyfamily.(這種焦慮來自我的家庭)”中的this指代前文的academicanxiety，指出這種學(xué)業(yè)的焦慮是來自于作者的家庭，符合語境。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“

Smallquizzeswouldhavemereadytothrowup;bigexamsmademeextremelytired.(小測(cè)驗(yàn)會(huì)讓我想吐；大考使我非常累)”可知，考試成為作者艱難的經(jīng)歷。F選項(xiàng)“Itwasastrugglingwaytopullmyselfthroughexams.(這是一段艱難的經(jīng)歷，我努力應(yīng)對(duì)考試)”承接前文，指出作者要努力掙扎著應(yīng)對(duì)考試，該選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文的“Beingabletotakeassessmentsfrommyownroom,pletelyalone,alsohelpedcalmmynerves.

(能夠在我的房間里獨(dú)自參加考試也有助于我平靜緊張情緒)”可知，此處提出了作者獨(dú)自在房間中參加考試能夠有助于自己平復(fù)緊張情緒，此處的also應(yīng)與設(shè)空處構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，故設(shè)空處也應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)哪些方式能夠幫助作者平復(fù)緊張情緒。D選項(xiàng)“Opennotetestshelpedmerelievemyanxiety.(開放式筆記測(cè)試幫助我緩解了焦慮)”與下文呼應(yīng)，指出開放式筆記能夠幫助作者緩解焦慮，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Weshouldnotwaitforhelp.

(我們不應(yīng)該等待幫助)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)我們不應(yīng)該被動(dòng)的等待幫助。G選項(xiàng)“Instead,weshouldworkonourselves,andchangeforbetterourselves.(相反，我們應(yīng)該努力改進(jìn)自己，為更好的自己而改變)”與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，G選項(xiàng)指出面對(duì)焦慮情緒我們應(yīng)該選擇主動(dòng)出擊即努力改進(jìn)自己，為更好的自己而改變，符合語境。故選G。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Achievingthismentalstaterequiredsignificanttimeandenergy.Ifanxietyissuretoe,I’llcontinuegettingridofit.(達(dá)到這種精神狀態(tài)需要大量的時(shí)間和精力。如果焦慮肯定會(huì)來，我會(huì)繼續(xù)擺脫它)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)作者正向面對(duì)焦慮，并且作者選擇擺脫焦慮，雖然這種精神狀態(tài)需要大量的時(shí)間和精力。設(shè)空處應(yīng)該就這種狀態(tài)進(jìn)行說明。E選項(xiàng)“Althoughanxietyisstillhere,it’snotmy“normal”.(盡管焦慮仍然存在，但這并不是我的“正?！睜顟B(tài))”可知，雖然焦慮存在，但是作者會(huì)采取各種方式不讓焦慮成為作者的生活常態(tài)，雖然實(shí)現(xiàn)這一狀態(tài)需要大量的時(shí)間和精力，但是作者會(huì)積極面對(duì)，不斷地?cái)[脫它。故選E。三、完形填空（2024·三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟）Mydadscreamed,“Walkthedog.son!”SoIalso___21___,“Emily!eongirl,timeto___22___!”Asshebounded(跳躍)towardsme,Ismiledslightlyatthewayshe___23___sinceherlegsweretoosmalltokeepbalance,I___24___downtogreether,givingherheadagentlekissbeforewewentout.Iwalkeddowntheblock,Emilyboundingquicklyaheadofme,___25___toreachthepark.Wearrivedattheendofthestreet,stoppingjustacrossfromthe___26___andwaitingforthelighttochange,Emilyboundingin___27___.Itookadeepbreath,butitseemedthoseseveralsecondsweretoolongforthehappypuppyatmyfeet.Emilysuddenlygotfreefrommy___28___anddashedtowardsthepavement.Imovedtorunafterher,butacarwasshootingfastinfrontofme.Bythetimeithadleftmy___29___,sohadEmily.Icrossedthestreetafterher,calling,“Emily!Emily!ehere,girl!”butshe____30____.Icouldfeelthe____31____envelopingmeasIfoundhergone.ButwhenIcamebackhome,Iwas____32____out.Iwalkedtothefrontdoortoringthedoorbellbutnooneanswered.Isatdownonthefrontsteps,tearsinmyeyesandI____33____inthecold,pullingmycoattighter.____34____,IwasunsureofwhattodonextwhensuddenlyIrealizedthemeaningof____35____sinceIfeltlonelywithoutthepanyofmydog.21.A.shouted B.plained C.protested D.announced22.A.einside B.gooutside C.checkin D.lookout23.A.barked B.bit C.walked D.rolled24.A.bent B.jumped C.ran D.walked25.A.prepared B.scared C.eager D.anxious26.A.park B.house C.block D.apartment27.A.excitement B.shock C.shame D.shape28.A.aid B.control C.guidance D.instruction29.A.neighborhood B.county. C.vision D.cage30.A.circled B.performed C.disappeared D.discontented31.A.delight B.fear C.satisfaction D.amazement32.A.stressed B.locked C.helped D.knocked33.A.screamed B.marched C.searched D.shook34.A.Typically B.Immediately; C.Fortunately: D.Definitely35.A.forgiving B.curing C.living D.losing【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.A27.A28.B29.C30.C31.B32.B33.D34.D35.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者外出遛狗的時(shí)候，狗跑丟了，作者沒能找到狗，回到家被鎖在門外，感到孤獨(dú)，不知所措?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我也喊：“艾米麗！來吧，寶貝，該出去溜溜了！”A.shouted叫喊；B.plained投訴；C.protested抗議；D.announced宣布。根據(jù)后文“Emily!eongirl”可知，作者也在喊艾米麗。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：所以我也喊：“艾米麗！來吧，寶貝，該出去溜溜了！”A.einside進(jìn)來；B.gooutside出去；C.checkin檢查；D.lookout小心。根據(jù)上文“Walkthedog,son!(去遛狗，孩子！)”可知，該出門遛狗了。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她向我跳過來時(shí)，我對(duì)她走路的方式微微一笑，因?yàn)樗耐忍塘?，無法保持平衡。A.barked犬吠；B.bit咬；C.walked走路；D.rolled滾動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“sinceherlegsweretoosmalltokeepbalance”指作者笑狗的走路方式。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：出門前，我彎下腰來迎接她，輕輕地吻了吻她的頭。A.bent彎曲；B.jumped跳躍；C.ran奔跑；D.walked散步。根據(jù)后文“downtogreether,givingherheadagentlekiss”指作者彎腰親吻狗狗的頭。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我走過街區(qū)，艾米麗在我前面飛快地跳著，急切地想去公園。A.prepared準(zhǔn)備好的；B.scared害怕的；C.eager渴望的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)上文“Emilyboundingquicklyaheadofme”可知，狗跑得很快，因?yàn)榧鼻械叵肴ス珗@。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們到了街的盡頭，停在公園對(duì)面，等著紅燈變亮，艾米麗興奮得跳了起來。A.park公園；B.house房子；C.block街區(qū)；D.apartment公寓。呼應(yīng)上文“toreachthepark”指他們停在公園對(duì)面，等紅燈。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們到了街的盡頭，停在公園對(duì)面，等著紅燈變亮，艾米麗興奮得跳了起來。A.excitement激動(dòng)；B.shock震驚；C.shame羞愧；D.shape形狀。根據(jù)上文“Emilyboundingin”可知，艾米麗興奮得跳了起來。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：艾米麗突然掙脫了我的控制，沖向人行道。A.aid幫助；B.control控制；C.guidance指導(dǎo)；D.instruction指示。根據(jù)后文“anddashedtowardsthepavement”可知，狗掙脫了控制，沖向人行道。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)它離開我的視線時(shí)，艾米麗也離開了。A.neighborhood鄰居；B.county縣；C.vision視線；D.cage籠子。根據(jù)上文“Imovedtorunafterher,butacarwasshootingfastinfrontofme.(我起身去追她，但一輛汽車在我前面疾馳而過)”此處指上文提到的汽車離開作者的視線，狗也不見了。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我跟在她后面過馬路，喊著：“艾米麗!艾米麗！過來，寶貝！”但是她消失了。A.circled圍繞；B.performed表演；C.disappeared消失；D.discontented不滿意。根據(jù)后文“withoutthepanyofmydog”可知，狗不見了，作者沒有了狗的陪伴。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)她不見了的時(shí)候，我能感覺到一種恐懼包圍著我。A.delight高興；B.fear恐懼；C.satisfaction滿足；D.amazement驚訝。根據(jù)后文“envelopingmeasIfoundhergone”以及下文提到作者感到孤獨(dú)，所以狗不見了，作者感到恐懼包圍著自己。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我回到家，我被鎖在門外了。A.stressed強(qiáng)調(diào)；B.locked鎖上；C.helped幫助；D.knocked敲擊。根據(jù)后文“Iwalkedtothefrontdoortoringthedoorbellbutnooneanswered.(我走到前門按門鈴，但沒人應(yīng)聲)”可知，作者被鎖在了門外。故選B。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐在前面的臺(tái)階上，眼里含著淚水，在寒冷中瑟瑟發(fā)抖，把外套拉得更緊。A.screamed尖叫；B.marched行進(jìn)；C.searched搜索；D.shook搖晃、發(fā)抖。根據(jù)后文“inthecold,pullingmycoattighter”指作者在寒冷中被凍得瑟瑟發(fā)抖，把外套拉得更緊。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，當(dāng)我突然意識(shí)到失去意味著什么時(shí)，我不確定下一步該做什么，因?yàn)闆]有狗的陪伴，我感到孤獨(dú)。A.Typically典型地；B.Immediately立即；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.Definitely肯定。根據(jù)后文“Iwasunsureofwhattodonext”可知，狗突然不見了，這種情況下，作者當(dāng)然不知道該做什么了。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，當(dāng)我突然意識(shí)到失去意味著什么時(shí)，我不確定下一步該做什么，因?yàn)闆]有狗的陪伴，我感到孤獨(dú)。A.forgiving原諒；B.curing治愈；C.living活著；D.losing失去。根據(jù)后文“sinceIfeltlonelywithoutthepanyofmydog”可知，狗的走失讓作者明白了失去對(duì)自己來說意味著什么。故選D。語法填空（2024·龍西北高中名校聯(lián)盟）閱讀下而短文，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A17yearoldinventorfromtheUS,RobertSansone,couldbe____36____pioneerofanewwaytopowerelectricvehicles(EVs).Herecentlywonaninnovatorawardatabigsciencefairforhisdesignofasynchronousreluctancemotor(同步磁阻電動(dòng)機(jī)).Sansonehasalwaysbeeninlovewithinventing.Despitethefactthatheisstillahighschoolstudent,he____37____(make)variousinventionsincludingelectronichandsandhighspeedrunningshoesinrecentyears.WhenSansonesawavideoillustratingtheraremetals____38____(require)produceEVmotors,hesetouttofindamoreenvironmentalandeconomicalappr