河南省聯(lián)盟2022屆高三英語(yǔ)高考沖刺壓軸（一）試題（含答案）

河南省名校聯(lián)盟2022屆高三英語(yǔ)高考沖刺壓軸（

一）試題（含答案）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.本卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填

寫(xiě)在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)

涂黑。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。

3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、

草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選

出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一

小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatistheman'sfavoriteprogram?

A.Sports.B.History.C.Nature.

2.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?

A.Callforanambulance.B.Dealwithanaccident.C.Lendhisphonetoher.

3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofwearingtheseatbelt?

A.Unimportant.B.Comfortable.C.Necessary.

4.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?

A.Excited.B.Scared.C.Amused.

5.Whodoesthelaptopbelongto?

A.Tom.B.Jack.C.Alice.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C

三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每

小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Howmanystopsaretherebeforethemangetstohisdestination?

A.Ten.B.Twelve.C.Fourteen.

7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.OntheGreatWall.B.Inastore.C.Onabus.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatdoesthemanaskforatfirst?

A.Orangejuice.B.Icecream.C.Friedchicken.

9WhatdoesthemansayabouttheFrenchfries?

A.Theyarecold.B.Theyaretasty.C.Theyaretoohot.

10.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Oldfriends.B.Husbandandwife.C.Waitressandcustomer.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatdidthemandolastweek?

A.Hemadeareservationforaroom.

B.Helivedinthehotelfortwodays.

C.HetraveledtoSeattlewithhiswife.

12.Whatistheman'sroomlike?

A.Ithasabarinside.B.Ithastwobaths.C.Ithastwinbeds.

13.Whereisthecafeteria?

A.Onthesecondfloor.B.Ontheeighthfloor.C.Onthetopfloor.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?

A.Toaskfordirections.B.Torecommendahoteltohim.C.Toinvitehimtogo

sightseeing.

15.WhereistheRoyalHotel?

A.Nearthefirstcrossing.B.Oppositethepostoffice.C.Atthesecondtrafficlight.

16.HowwillthewomangototheRoyalHotel?

A.Bytaxi.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatdidtheearliestformofthebluesfunctionasamongslaves?

A.Timing.B.Communication.C.Rulesforsurvival.

18.Whatdidthebluesstartoutwith?

A.Humanvoices.B.Musicalinstruments.C.Birds'sounds.

19.WhatisBessieSmith?

A.Apopularpianist.B.Agreathistorian.C.Afamousbluessinger.

20.WhendidBessieSmithpassaway?

A.In1894.B.In1937.C.In1980.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

AbsolutelyUnputdownableBooksYouHavetoRead

FlowersforAlgernon

DanielKeyes

Ifyou,reseekingafastread,trythisshortstorybyDanielKeyes.He,llshowyouhowaperson

whoismentallydisabledfeelswhilegoingfromasimplegatekeeperatabakery,whoseIQislessthan

60,toagenius（天才）andthemostintelligentpersonontheplanet.Inasituationlikethis,isitpossible

toovercomeyourfearanddealwithloneliness?DanielKeyesoffershisanswertothisquestion.

ACertainSmile

FrancoiseSagan

Ifyoudon'tenjoythrillersorsci-fiandstoriesaboutdragon-ridingdetectives,andifyou're

longingforsomethingcomforting,slowandgentle,thisbeautifullittlebookbyFrancoiseSaganisjust

whatyouneed.Ifsapleasantexceptionamongtraditionalromancenovels:you'llfindallofthe

advantagesofhigh-qualityliteraturehere.Andyes,it'sarealturner.

OrphansoftheSky

RobertA.Heinlein

Agiantgenerationshipissailingwithoutguidancethroughthedepthsoftheuniverse.Its

passengershavelongforgottentheoutsideworldandbelievedinapre-technologicalculturemarked

bysuperstition（迷信）.ThisnovelbroughtHeinleinwiderecognition,andwillgraspyoutightand

won'tletyougoformonthsorevenyearsafterward.Arewe,thedigitalgeneration,differentfromthe

passengersofthatimaginaryceship?

95PoundsofHope

AnnaGavalda

Referringtoarealperson,sexperiences,thislittlepoeticstoryisaboutthemainthingsinlife;

choiceswemake,thepowerofloveanddevotion.Thestoryofathirteen-year-oldboywhooneday

hastogatherallhisstrengthandcourageandtakeasteptowardsadulthoodprovesonceagainthat

dreamsdocometrue.Afterall,nomatterhowmanypoundswehave,we'realltryingnottolosehope.

1.Whosebooktellsthestoryofamentallydisabledperson?

A.DanielKeyes's.B.AnnaGavalda^.C.FrancoiseSagan's.D.RobertA.

Heinlein's.

2.WhatkindofbookmightOrphansoftheSkybe?

AAhistorybook.B.Asciencefiction.C.Adetectivestory.D.Aromance

novel.

3.Whatisspecialabout95PoundsofHope?

A.Itbringsitsauthorhighpraise.B.Itisjustintendedforadultreaders.

C.Itisabouthowtoovercomefear.D.Itisbasedontruelifeexperiences.

【1~3題答案】

【答案】l.A2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本令人愛(ài)不釋手的書(shū)。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlowersforAlgernon部分"He'llshowyouhowapersonwhoismentally

disabledfeelswhilegoingfromasimplegatekeeperatabakery,whoseIQislessthan60,toa

genius（天才）andthemostintelligentpersonontheplanet.（他將向你展示一個(gè)智障人士如何從一個(gè)

智商低于60的面包房看門人變成一個(gè)天才，一個(gè)地球上最聰明的人。）”可知，DanielKeyes

的書(shū)是關(guān)于一個(gè)智力障礙人士的故事。故選Ao

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)OrphansoftheSky部分“Agiantgenerationshipissailingwithoutguidance

throughthedepthsoftheuniverse.（一艘巨大的世代船在沒(méi)有向?qū)У那闆r下航行在宇宙深處。）”

可知，本書(shū)是講述一艘太空船行駛在太空深處時(shí)發(fā)生的故事，再結(jié)合后文的“Arewe,ihedigital

generation,differentfromthepassengersofthatimaginaryceship?（我們，數(shù)字一代，與想象中的

宇宙飛船上的乘客不同嗎?）"可推斷，這是一部科幻小說(shuō)。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)95PoundsofHope部分"Referringtoarealperson'sexperiences,thislittle

poeticstoryisaboutthemainthingsinlife;（關(guān)于一個(gè)真實(shí)的人的經(jīng)歷，這個(gè)詩(shī)意的小故事是關(guān)于

生活中的主要事情；）”可知，這本書(shū)是作者根據(jù)真人的真實(shí)經(jīng)歷寫(xiě)的，這是它與其他三本書(shū)

不同的地方。故選D。

B

Schoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopularduringthecoronavirushealthcrisis,withfamiliesand

teacherssayingitshands-onlessonscanbeusedtoteachmanysubjects.Findingthemoneytokeepa

schoolgardengoingcanbetough.Someexpertsandteachers,however,arefindingcreativewaysto

makeitwork.

SusanHobartisaretiredteacheratLakeViewElementarySchoolinMadison,Wiscon.She

managestheschooPslargegardenwith12raisedbeds."Schoolgardensareagreatwaytogetstudents

outsidewithapurpose.Gardeninghelpscalmthestudentsandgivesthemawholedifferent

perspectiveC思維方式）theywouldn'thavejustsittingatdesks,“shesays.

Eachspring,theschool'sprogramgetsplantseedlings（秧苗）grownthroughatrainingprogram

atanearbyprison.Achurchgroupcomesduringspringbreaktopreparethegardenforthechildren's

return.Overthesummer,avolunteertakescareofthegarden.4ifwehadtobuytheseedlings,they'd

cost$3eachandwecouldneveraffordthat,^^Hobartsays."Ifyoutakealookatyourrelationshipsand

thecommunityaroundyouandthenallthewidernetworksoutthere,thereareplentyofcreativeways

tofindhelp.”

TobyAdamsdirectstheNewYorkBotanicalGarden'sEdibleAcademy,whereschoolchildren

learnaboutgrowingfood.Hesaysthattherehasbeenanotherincreaseininterestinschoolgardens

sincethestartofthisyear.Schoolgardenscanteachlessonsinhealth,science,socialstudies,andeven

artsclasses.

Forschoolswithoutceforevenasmallgarden,turningtolocalbotanicalgardensandparkscan

sometimesbetheanswer,4<WearelocatedintheBronx,wheretherearebasicallywall-to-wall

six-storyapartments.There'slimitedce,andit'shardtofindagoodplacetogather30kids,"says

Adams.Hethinksthatgardensdonothavetotakeupalargeareaoutdoors."Itcouldbeacontainer

gardenandthereareallkindsofgardens,hesays.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph1referto?

A.Raisingmoney.B.Ahealthguideline.C.Teachinglessons.D.School

gardening.

5.WhatdoSusanHobart'swordsinparagraph2suggest?

A.Schoolgardeningisbeneficialtostudents.

B.Gardensarecommonlyseeninmostschools.

C.Studentsshouldthinktwicebeforegardening.

D.Managingschoolgardenscostsmuchmoney.

6.HowdoesLakeViewElementarySchoolmanageitsgarden?

A.Byexpandingitscampus.B.Bygettingsocialsupport.

C.Byrelyingonstudentsonly.D.Bycollectingmoremoney.

7.WhatistheproblemwiththeBronx'sschoolgardening?

A.Lackofce.B.Littleexperience.C.Poormanagement.D.Students'

indifference.

【4~7題答案】

【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要通過(guò)具體事例介紹了推行校園園藝所面臨的問(wèn)題及其

應(yīng)對(duì)方法。

【4題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段"Schoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopular...（校園園藝已經(jīng)變得很受

歡迎）”及uFindingthemoneylokeepaschoolgardengoingcanbetough.（找到資金來(lái)維持學(xué)校

園藝的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)可能很困難）”可知，畫(huà)線詞指代“校園園藝”，即劃線詞所在句子意為“然而，

一些專家和教師正在尋找創(chuàng)造性的方法使校園園藝發(fā)揮作用”。故選D。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段SusanHobart所說(shuō)的話“Schoolgardensareagreatwaytogetstudents

outsidewithapurpose.Gardeninghelpscalmthestudentsandgivesthemawholedifferent

perspective（思維方式）theywouldn'thavejustsittingatdesks（創(chuàng)建校園花園是讓孩子們?nèi)敉?/p>

的好方法。園藝幫助學(xué)生保持鎮(zhèn)靜，讓他們獲得一個(gè)完全不同的思維方式，這是他們?cè)诮淌?/p>

里無(wú)法獲得的）”推知，SusanHobart的話主要表明校園園藝對(duì)學(xué)生有益。故選A。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Eachspring,theschooPsprogramgetsplantseedlings（秧苗）grown

throughatrainingprogramatanearbyprison.Achurchgroupcomesduringspringbreaktoprepare

thegardenforthechildren'sreturn.Overthesummer,avolunteertakescareofthegarden」每年春

天，學(xué)校的項(xiàng)目都會(huì)通過(guò)附近監(jiān)獄的培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目種植秧苗。一個(gè)教會(huì)團(tuán)體在春假期間來(lái)為孩子

們的歸來(lái)準(zhǔn)備花園。整個(gè)夏天，一名志愿者負(fù)責(zé)照料花園）"及"Ifyoutakealookatyour

relationshipsandthecommunityaroundyouandthenallthewidernetworksoutthere,thereare

plentyofcreativewaystofindhelp.（如果你看看你的人際關(guān)系和你周圍的社區(qū)，然后看看所有更

廣泛的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，有很多創(chuàng)造性的方法來(lái)尋求幫助）”可知，LakeViewElementarySchool通過(guò)尋求

社會(huì)支持來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)和管理學(xué)校的花園。故選B。

【7題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"WearelocatedintheBronx,wheretherearebasicallywall-torwall

sixstoryapartments.There9slimitedce...（我們位于布朗克斯區(qū)，那里基本上都是六層樓的公寓。

空間有限）”可知，theBronx的校園園藝所面臨的問(wèn)題是缺少進(jìn)行園藝活動(dòng)的空間。故選A。

C

DasiaTaylorhasjuicedaboutthreebeetsinthelast18months.Therootvegetablesshe'sfound

providetheperfectdye（染料）forherinvention;suture（縫合）threadthatchangescolor,frombright

redtodarkpurple,whenasurgicalwoundbecomesinfected（感染的）.

The17-year-oldstudentatIowaCityWestHighSchoolbeganworkingontheprojectinOctober

2019,afterherchemistryteacherCarolynWallingsharedinformationaboutstate-widesciencefairs

withtheclass.Asshedevelopedhersutures,shewonawardsatseveralregionalsciencefairs,before

advancingtothenationalstage.

Healthyhumanskinisnaturallyacidic,withapHaroundfive.Butwhenawoundbecomes

infected,itspHgoesuptoaboutnine.ChangesinpHcanbedetectedwithoutelectronics;manyfruits

andvegetablesarenaturalindicatorsthatchangecoloratdifferentpHlevels.

“IfoundthatbeetschangedcolorattheperfectpHpoint,saysTaylor.Brightredbeetjuiceturns

darkpurpleatapHofnine."That'sperfectfbraninfectedwound.”

Next,Taylorhadtofindasuturethreadthatwouldholdthedye.Shefoundtendifferentmaterials,

includingstandardsuturethread,andtestedthem,forhowwelltheypickedupandheldthedye,and

whetherthedyechangedcolorwhenitspHchanged.Shefoundthatacotton-polyesterblend（滌棉混

紡）checkedalltheboxes.Afterfiveminutesunderaninfection-likepH,thecotton-polyesterthread

changesfrombrightredtodarkpurple.

KathrynChu,thedirectoroftheCenterfbrGlobalSurgeryatStellenboschUniversityinSouth

Africa,focusesonimprovingequitableaccesstosurgicalcare."Ithinkit'samazingthatthisyoung

highschoolscientistwasinspiredtoworkonasolutiontoaddressthisproblem,thesurgeonwritesin

anemail."Aproductthatcoulddetectearlysurgicalsiteinfectionswouldbeextremelyvaluable.^^

8.WhydidDasiaTaylorbegintoworkonherinvention?

A.Toentersciencefairs.B.Tosellrootvegetables.

C.Tomakejuicetodrink.D.Todoherteacher'sresearch.

9.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph3?

A.Toexplainhowhumanbodyfunctionswell.

B.Toprovidescientificsupportfortheinvention.

C.Toprovethepossibilityofavoidinginfection.

D.Toshowthesignificanceofthesuturethread.

10.WhatdidDasiaTaylordotogetasuturethreadtoholdthedye?

A.Sheproducedanewthread.B.SheturnedtoKathrynChu.

C.Shetesteddifferentmaterials.D.Shemixedtenthreadmaterials.

11.WhatcanweknowaboutKathrynChu?

A.Sheshowsinventorsanewresearchdirection.

B.ShewasinspiredbyDasiaTaylortocontribute.

C.Sheonceoverlookedtheaccesstosurgicalcare.

D.ShespeakshighlyofDasiaTaylor'sinvention.

【8?11題答案】

【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了高中生DasiaTaylor如何發(fā)明一種可用于診斷手

術(shù)傷口是否感染的縫合線。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"The17-yearoldstudentatIowaCityWestHighSchoolbeganworkingon

theprojectinOctober2019,afterherchemistryteacherCarolynWalingsharedinformationabout

state-widesciencefairswiththeclass.（在她的化學(xué)老師卡羅琳?瓦林與全班分享了全州科學(xué)博覽

會(huì)的信息后，這位17歲的愛(ài)荷華市西部高中學(xué)生于2019年10月開(kāi)始從事該項(xiàng)目）”可知,Dasia

Taylor開(kāi)始著手她的發(fā)明是為了參加科學(xué)展。故選A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀第三段"Healthyhumanskinisnaturallyacidic,withapHaroundfive.Butwhen

awoundbecomesinfected,itspHgoesuptoaboutnine.ChangesinpHcanbedetectedwithout

electronics;manyfruitsandvegetablesarenaturalindicatorsthatchangecoloratdifferentpHlevels.

（健康的人類皮膚自然呈酸性，pH值在5左右。但當(dāng)傷口被感染時(shí)，其pH值會(huì)上升到9左右。

pH值的變化可以在沒(méi)有電子設(shè)備的情況下檢測(cè)到；許多水果和蔬菜是自然指示劑，在不同的

pH值下會(huì)改變顏色）”可知，本段主耍介紹了DasiaTaylor的發(fā)明所基于的科學(xué)知識(shí)。由此推

知，第三段主要是為該發(fā)明提供了科學(xué)支撐。故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Next,Taylorhadtofindasuturethreadthatwouldholdthedye.She

foundtendifferentmaterials,includingstandardsuturethread,andtestedthem.（接下來(lái)，泰勒必須

找到一條縫合線來(lái)固定染料。她找到了十種不同的材料，包括標(biāo)準(zhǔn)縫合線，并進(jìn)行了測(cè)試）”

可知，為了找到合適的縫合線，DasiaTaylor測(cè)試了不同材質(zhì)的線。故選C項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段thinkit'samazingthatthisyounghighschoolscientistwasinspired

toworkonasolutiontoaddressthisproblem,thesurgeonwritesinanemail.utAproductthatcould

detectearlysurgicalsiteinfectionswouldbeextremelyvaluable."（“我認(rèn)為，這位年輕的高中科學(xué)

家受到啟發(fā)，致力于解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，這很令人驚訝，”這位外科醫(yī)生在一封電子郵件中寫(xiě)道。

“一種能夠檢測(cè)出早期手術(shù)部位感染的產(chǎn)品將非常有價(jià)值。”）”可推知，KathrynChu高度贊

揚(yáng)了DasiaTaylor的發(fā)明。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Humanactivityhasshrunkthesizeofwildanimalstheworldover,andyetrecentresearchhas

foundmanymammals（哺孚L動(dòng)物）livingnearcitieshavebecomesteadilylarger,bothinlengthand

inweight.

“Thatwasn'twhatweexpectedtofindatall,''saysRobertGuralnick,whostudiesbiodiversity

informaticsattheFloridaMuseum.Expandingurbanenvironmentsgrowmuchhotterthannatural

habitats（生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境）,andwarmertemperaturesusuallybenefitmammalsthathaveasmaller,more

energy-savingfigure—aprincipleofbiologyknownasBergmann^rule.

Astheworldgrowswarmer,somescientistshaveworriedthatmammalslivingnearcitiesare

supposedtogrowsmaller,possiblyreducingtheirfitnessasaspeciesand,nodoubt,thefitnessof

beingthreateners（威脅者），too.Butevenwithclimatechange,thatmightnothappen.Asitturnsout,

there9sanotherfactorindeterminingamammal'ssizethatmightcompetewithorevengobeyond

temperature,andthatisfood.

Inandaroundcitieswithlargepopulations,wherehigh-energyhumanfoodsaremorewidely

availableandhuntersarefewerandfartherinbetween,newresearchdiscoveredthatmostofthe

mammalspeciesstudiedappeartobegrowinginsize,notshrinking.Accordingtocareful

measurementsofmorethan100speciesfromNorthAmerica,gatheredfrommuseumcollectionsover

thepast80years,themainreasonisnotacity'stemperature.Instead,thegreatestincreasesinweight

andbodylengthappeartolieamongthosemammalsthatlivenearthemosthumans,regardlessofhow

hottheirsurroundingsare.

Asclimatechangegrowsworse,thereis,ofcourse,thepossibilitythatthatmightchange,butat

leastfornow,itseemsthatwolves,deer,bats,andothermammalsinNorthAmericacouldbeaffected

morebycitypopulationsthancityclimates.

Ifwewanttopreservethemammalsthatexisttodayforthefuture,it'simportantthatweknow

howhumancivilizationisshapingtheirsize,behaviorandwell-being.Inarapidlychangingworld,

thatknowledgecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenongoinglifeanddyingout.

12.WhatfindingdoesRobertGuralnickconsidersurprising?

A.Urbanenvironmentsarehotterthannature.

B.Theanimalsinnaturalhabitatsbecomesmaller.

C.ManymammalsgrowagainstBergmann'srule.

D.Citytemperaturescauseanimalstoshrinkinsize.

13.Whydomanymammalslivingnearcitiesgrowinsize?

ATheyarewelltakencareofbyzookeepers.

B.Theyhavemorefoodsandfewerthreats.

C.Theyarecomfortableinwarmerclimates.

D.Theycaneasilyhuntwildanimalsforfood.

14.Whatareweadvisedtodotoprotecttheexistingmammals?

A.Providehealthyfoodtosurroundingmammals.

B.Limitthepopulationincitiestoasmallnumber.

C.Knowhowhumancivilizationaffectsmammals.

D.Helpthemammalsadjusttothechangingclimate.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HumanActivityHasShrunktheSizeofAnimals

B.GlobalWarmingIsShapingtheFutureofMammals

C.MammalsinNatureHaveaBetterChancetoSurvive

D.ManyMammalsLivingNearCitiesAre.GrowingBigger

【12~15題答案】

【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市周圍的哺乳動(dòng)物的體型在不斷變大。本文主要

探討了其變大的原因及人類該如何保護(hù)現(xiàn)存的哺乳動(dòng)物。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"yetrecentresearchhasfoundmanymammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）livingnear

citieshavebecomesteadilylarger,bothinlengthandinweight.（但是最近的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多生活在

城市附近的哺乳動(dòng)物，無(wú)論是在長(zhǎng)度還是體重上，都在穩(wěn)步變大）”及第二段“Expandingurban

environmentsgrowmuchhotterthannaturalhabitats（生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境），andwarmertemperaturesusually

benefitmammalsthathaveasmaller,moreenergy-savingfigure-aprincipleofbiologyknownas

Bergmann'srule.（不斷擴(kuò)張的城市環(huán)境比自然棲息地要熱得多，溫度升高通常有利于體型較小、

更節(jié)能的哺乳動(dòng)物一一這是生物學(xué)的伯格曼法則）”可知，羅伯特?古拉爾尼克認(rèn)為，許多哺

乳動(dòng)物的生長(zhǎng)與伯格曼法則相悖，這令人驚訝。故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Inandaroundcitieswithlargepopulations,wherehigh-energyhuman

foodsaremorewidelyavailableandhuntersarefewerandfartherinbetween,newresearch

discoveredthatmostofthemammalspeciesstudiedappeartobegrowinginsize,notshrinking.（在人

口眾多的城市及其周邊地區(qū)，高能人類食物更為廣泛，獵手也越來(lái)越少，而且距離也越來(lái)越

遠(yuǎn)。新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，所研究的大多數(shù)哺乳動(dòng)物物種似乎都在增長(zhǎng)，而不是縮小）”可知，許多

居住在城市附近的哺乳動(dòng)物體型變大是因?yàn)樗麄冇懈嗟氖澄锴颐媾R的威脅更少。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是"Ifwewanttopreservethemammalsthatexisttoday

forthefuture,it'simportantthatweknowhowhumancivilizationisshapingtheirsize,behaviorand

well-being.（如果我們想為未來(lái)保護(hù)現(xiàn)存的哺乳動(dòng)物，重要的是我們知道人類文明是如何塑造它

們的體型、行為和福祉）”可知，如果我們想要保護(hù)現(xiàn)存的哺乳動(dòng)物，我們需要努力了解人類

文明會(huì)如何影響哺乳動(dòng)物。故選C項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是文章第一段"yetrecentresearchhasfoundmanymammals（哺乳

動(dòng)物）livingnearcitieshavebecomesteadilylarger,bothinlengthandinweight.（但是最近的研究發(fā)

現(xiàn)，生活在城市附近的許多哺乳動(dòng)物無(wú)論在長(zhǎng)度還是體重上都在穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)）”可知，文章主要

是圍繞“城市周圍的哺乳動(dòng)物的體型變大”展開(kāi)的。故選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)

為多余選項(xiàng)。

FourQualitiesThatMakeYouAttractivetoOthers

Thereissomethingmanypeoplegetswrongaboutattraction.16Therealityisthat

attractionusuallyhasmoretodowithpersonalitycharacteristicsthanappearance.Whatfollowsare

fourqualitiesthatcanmakeyouhighlyattractivetoothers.

Havecontroloveryouremolions（情緒）.It'snoteasytoalwayshavecontroloveryouremotions.

Andpeoplewhodoareextremelyattractive.Havecontroloveryouremotionssothatyouremotions

don'tcontrolyou.Allowyourselftothinkaboutwhatyou'regoingtosay.17

Laughatyourself.Ifsnotwhathappenstousthatmakesusfeelstressed.18Everytime

youlaughatyourself,youdecidetominimizesomethingthatcouldaffectyounegatively.Laughingat

yourselfisanattractivequality,asitmeansyoudon'ttakeyourselftooseriously.

19Whenyoushowyourwarmth,peopleseeyouasrespectfulandfriendly.Also,theysee

youassomeoneapproachable.Awarmpersonsayshellotoandcaresaboutyouafteryourlongand

toughday.Thisqualityisimportantforyoutobuildmeaningfulrelationships.

Giveplentyofce.Thesecrettolong-lastingrelationshipsisce,becausetimeaparthelpseach

partnerrechargeandbringpositiveenergyintotherelationship.20Theydon'tletothers

breathe.Instead,thosewholetothershavetheircewhentheyneeditareextremelyattractive.

A.Bewarm.

B.Controllingpeopleareunattractive.

C.Don'tbetooquicktoshowwarmth.

D.It'showwereacttoitthataffectsus.

E.Theyshoulddevelopasenseofhumor.

F.Takeyourtimetocooldownandreorganizeyourthoughts.

G.Theythinktheyhavetolookbeautifultobeacceptedbyothers.

【16~20題答案】

【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.A20.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了讓個(gè)人具有魅力的四種個(gè)性特征。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Thereissomethingmanypeoplegetswrongaboutattraction.”（很多人對(duì)于吸引力的看

法是錯(cuò)誤的。）和下文"Therealityisthatattractionusuallyhasmoretodowithpersonality

characteristicsthanappearance."（事實(shí)上，吸引力通常更多地與個(gè)性特征有關(guān)，而不是外表）可

知，中間要有一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，表明很多人的錯(cuò)誤看法是什么。選項(xiàng)G“他們認(rèn)為他們必須看起來(lái)

漂亮才能被別人接受。”和上下文意思連貫。故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Havecontroloveryouremotionssothatyouremotionsdon'tcontrolyou.Allowyourself

tothinkaboutwhatyou'regoingtosay."（為了不讓你的情緒控制你，你要控制住你的情緒。允

許你自己去想想你要說(shuō)的話。）可知，這里作者建議人們要學(xué)會(huì)冷靜，管理情緒。選項(xiàng)F“花

點(diǎn)時(shí)間冷靜下來(lái)，重新組織你的想法。”和上文意思一致。故選F。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"It'snotwhathappenstousthatmakesusfeelstressed."（不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情

讓我們感到壓力。）和下文aEverytimeyoulaughatyourself,youdecidetominimizesomething

thatcouldaffectyounegatively."（每次你對(duì)自己笑笑，你都決定使影響你的消極情緒最小化。）

可知，中間要說(shuō)明影響我們的是什么。選項(xiàng)D"影響我們的是我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)發(fā)生在我們身上的

事情。”和上下文意思一致。故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Whenyoushowyourwarmth,peopleseeyouasrespectfulandfriendly.Also,theysee

youassomeoneapproachable."（當(dāng)你表現(xiàn)出你的熱情時(shí)，人們會(huì)認(rèn)為你是有禮貌和友好的。而

且，他們也會(huì)認(rèn)為你是一個(gè)平易近人的人。）可知，這一段作者建議要做一個(gè)熱情的、可以給

人帶去溫暖的人。選項(xiàng)A“要做一個(gè)溫暖的人?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選A。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Giveplentyofce."（要給與足夠的空間。）可知，這一段作者建議要給別人足夠的

空間才會(huì)有吸引力。選項(xiàng)B"控制欲強(qiáng)的人沒(méi)有吸引力?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選B。

第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空

白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

OneKenyanwoman,NzambiMatee,sawmuchplasticwastearound.Tiredof21and

waitingforthegovernmenttosolvealltheproblemsrelatedtoplastic22,shedecidedtotake

action-shewasreferringtostartinghercompany,GjengeMakers.

Atfirst,herteamwouldsortand23:plasticwastetootherrecyclingcompanies.When

they24morethanthecompaniescouldtake,25,theybegantothinkoutsidethebox.

Mixingplasticwithsand,theydiscoveredawayto26plasticbricks.They'reseventimesas

strongasconcretebutweighhalfasmuch.Evenbetter,they'remore27thantraditional

bricks,costingonlyaboutatenthasmuch.

“HereinNairobi,wegenerateabout500tonsofplasticwasteeverydayandonlyasmallpartof

thatis28Nzambisaid."29,mostfactorieshavetopayto30thewaste,but

nowwehavemadethemfreeofthe31

Theseinnovative32arebeingusedtomakedriveways,sidewalksandroads,but

Nzambi5s33istoonedaycreatesomebricksthatcanbeusedinbuildingconstruction.But

now,hercompanyisalreadymakingahuge34.“Wcrightnowhavetheabilityto

351,000to1,500bricksaday,“Nzambisaid."Sofarwehaverecycled20tonsofplastic,

andweare36pushingthatfigureto50bytheendofnextyear.^^

PartofGjengeMakers9taskisto37wastepollutionfirstinKenyaandtheninAfricaas

awhole,buttheirlong-termgoalsareevenmore38.AccordingtoNzambi,theywantto

39otherpeopleorcompaniestodo40thingsindifferentplaces.

21A.cheeringupB.sittingaroundC.celebratingD.

participating

22.A.marketB.priceC.pollutionD.design

23.A.oweB.sellC.showD.lend

24.A.cleanedB.donatedC.consumedD.collected

25.A.howeverB.besidesC.otherwiseD.instead

26.A.markB.pileC.createD.move

27.A.affordableB.powerful