高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module1MyFirstDayatSeniorHigh學(xué)案外研版必修1

Module1MyFirstDayatSeniorHigh一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．a(chǎn)cademicadj. 學(xué)術(shù)的2．systemn. 制度；體系；系統(tǒng)3．previousadj. 以前的；從前的4．teenagern. 少年5．websiten. 網(wǎng)站；網(wǎng)址6．brilliantadj. (口語)極好的7．comprehensionn. 理解；領(lǐng)悟8．diploman. 文憑；畢業(yè)證書(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．provincen. 省2．a(chǎn)ttituden. 態(tài)度3．method_n. 方法4．informationn. 信息5．movevi. 搬家6．covervt. 包含(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．enthusiasmn．熱心；熱情→enthusiasticadj.熱心的2．a(chǎn)mazevt.使吃驚→amazementn．吃驚→amazingadj.令人吃驚的；令人驚訝的→amazedadj.吃驚的；驚訝的3．instructv．命令；指示；指導(dǎo)→instructionn．(常作復(fù)數(shù))指示；說明→instructorn．指導(dǎo)員，教員4．borevt.使厭煩n．令人厭煩的人或事→boredadj.厭煩的；厭倦的→boringadj.令人厭煩的；令人厭倦的5．embarrassvt.使尷尬；使難堪→embarrassmentn．尷尬→embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的；令人難堪的→embarrassedadj.尷尬的；難堪的；困窘的6．behavevi.舉止；表現(xiàn)→behaviourn．行為；舉動7．describevt.描述→descriptionn．記述；描述8．technologyn．技術(shù)→technologicaladj.技術(shù)的9．impressvt.使印象深刻→impressionn．印象→impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的10．encouragevt.鼓勵；激勵→encouragementn．鼓勵；激勵→encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的→encouragedadj.受到鼓舞的11．fluentadj.流利的；流暢的→fluencyn．流利；流暢→fluentlyadv.流利地；流暢地12．disappointvt.使失望→disappointmentn．失望→disappointedadj.失望的→disappointing_adj.令人失望的13．misunderstandvt.誤解；誤會→misunderstandingn．誤解；誤會14．correctvt.改正adj.正確的→correctionn．改正；糾正15．enjoyvt.欣賞，享受，喜愛→enjoyment_n．享受；樂趣16．a(chǎn)ssistv．幫助→assistant_n．助手；助理→assistancen．幫助17．a(chǎn)ppearvi.出現(xiàn)；顯得；似乎→appearancen．出現(xiàn)→disappearvi.消失→disappearancen．消失[語境活用]1．Itisanamazingdiscoverysoweareamazedatit;toouramazement,_itisadisabledmanwhomadethediscovery.(amaze)2．Ifyoumisunderstandsomebody,it'slikelytoleadtoamisunderstanding.(misunderstand)3．Tombehavedwellatschool;hisgoodbehaviourdelightedhisparentsgreatly.(behave)4．MaryspeaksfluentChinesewhileherbrotherspeaksJapanesefluently.(fluent)5．Myparentsoftenencouragemetofacedifficultiesbravely.Itwasmyparents'encouragementthataddedtomyconfidence.(encourage)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．a(chǎn)mazingadj.令人吃驚的；令人驚訝的背詞條用法(1)beamazedat/bysth.對某事感到驚訝(2)inamazement驚訝地，吃驚地toone'samazement令某人驚訝的是背寫作佳句①It'samazingthathehasmadesuchgreatprogress.他取得了如此大的進步，真令人驚訝。②(2018·北京高考書面表達)Absorbedineverymoveofmine,theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniqueculture.外國學(xué)生們被我的一舉一動所吸引，再一次被這種獨特的文化所震撼。③Tomyamazement,yourschoolpossessesgreatlearningresourcesandexcellentteachers.令我驚訝的是，貴校擁有豐富的學(xué)習(xí)資源和優(yōu)秀的師資。2．instructionn．(常作復(fù)數(shù))指示；說明；[U]傳授；教授；教導(dǎo)背詞條用法(1)followtheinstructions按照說明；服從指示；執(zhí)行命令underone'sinstructions在某人的指導(dǎo)下(2)instructsb.todosth.命令/指導(dǎo)某人做某事asinstructed依照指示背寫作佳句①(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)At8：50amtherefereeannouncedtherulesoftheraceandtheteachergaveussomeinstructionsonhowtoprotectourselvesfrominjuryduringtherace.上午8點50分，裁判員宣布了比賽規(guī)則，老師給了我們一些如何在比賽中保護自己不受傷害的指導(dǎo)。②Thestudentsneedateachertoinstructthemtopaint.學(xué)生們需要老師指導(dǎo)他們畫畫。③Amongalltheinstructiveproverbsthatgivepeopleadvice,theoneIlikemostis“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”在所有有教育意義的諺語中，我最喜歡的一條是“有志者，事竟成。”3．impressvt.使印象深刻；使……銘記背詞條用法impresssb.withsth.某事給某人留下印象impresssth.onsb.使某人銘記某事beimpressedwith/by...對……印象深刻(2)leave/have/makea(n)...impressiononsb.給某人留下……的印象背寫作佳句①Whatimpressesmemostishisfamoussaying“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration”．給我印象最深的是他的名言“天才是百分之一的靈感加上百分之九十九的汗水”。②(2018·北京高考書面表達)Onarrivingattheteahouse,theforeignstudentswereimpressedbytheuniqueteapotsandteacups.一到茶館，外國學(xué)生們就被獨特的茶壺和茶杯所折服。③(2020·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)MyEnglishteachermade/leftagoodimpressiononthestudentsbyherrichknowledgeandhumoroustalk.我的英語老師以豐富的知識和幽默的說話方式給學(xué)生們留下了很好的印象。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．far_from 遠離；遠非2．have_fun 玩得開心3．by_oneself 單獨地，獨自地4．in_other_words 換句話說5．look_forward_to 期待；盼望6．be_impressed_with/by 對……印象深刻7．take_place 發(fā)生8．be_similar_to 與……相似9．a(chǎn)t_the_start/end_of 在……開始/結(jié)束的時候10．go_to_college 上大學(xué)11．be_divided_into 被(劃)分成……12．take_part_in 參加eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．lookforwardto期待；盼望(to是介詞)背相關(guān)短語lookfor尋找lookupto尊敬；敬仰；仰視lookback(on)回憶；回顧lookinto調(diào)查，端詳，凝視，展望lookdownon/upon輕視；瞧不起；俯視背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)I'mlookingforwardtohearingyourreply.我期待您的回復(fù)。②AsIsawtheoldphoto,Ialwayslookedbackonthescenewherewehadmet.當我看到那張舊照片時，我總是回憶起我們相遇的地方。③Ithinkthispicturetriestotellusthatweshouldalwayslookintothefuturewithhopeandconfidence.我認為這幅圖試圖告訴我們，我們應(yīng)該總是帶著希望和信心展望未來。2．takepartin參加，參與背相關(guān)短語playapart/rolein在……中起作用/扮演角色participatein(doing)sth.參加/參與(做)某事participatewithsb.insth.同某人一起參與某事背寫作佳句Imadeseveralfriendswithmyclassmatesandoftentookpartintheactivities,inwhichIimprovedmycommunicatingskills.我和我的幾個同學(xué)交了朋友并且經(jīng)常參加活動，我從中也提高了自己的溝通能力。②(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)About300studentsfromallgradesparticipatedintherace.來自各年級的約300名學(xué)生參加了比賽。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．We'reusinganewtextbookandMsShen'smethodofteachingisnothinglikethatoftheteachersatmyJuniorHighschool.(that用作替代詞)我們使用的是一套新課本并且沈老師的教學(xué)方法一點也不像我在初中時的老師們的教學(xué)方法。佳句①(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.這個學(xué)校的校園風(fēng)格與中國大多數(shù)大學(xué)的校園風(fēng)格有很大不同。佳句②(2017·江蘇高考)Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother'svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.它們甚至能分辨自己媽媽和陌生雌性的聲音。佳句③Lighttravelsataspeedwhichisaboutamilliontimesfasterthanthatofsound.光傳播的速度比聲音傳播的速度大約快一百萬倍。2．Inotherwords,therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.(倍數(shù)比較法)換句話說，女生人數(shù)是男生的三倍。佳句①(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)Ournewschoolstadiumcoversanareaofabout600squaremeters,whichisthreetimesasbigasthepreviousone.我們學(xué)校的新體育館占地面積約600平方米，是原來的三倍大。佳句②LiPingdevotedthreetimesasmuchtimeandenergyasshedidbefore,soIbelieveshewillsucceedthistime.李萍付出的是以前三倍的時間和精力，所以我相信她這次能成功。佳句③Thisnewbridgeisthreetimesthelengthoftheoldone.新橋長度是舊橋的三倍。3．Idon'tthinkIwillbeboredinMsShen'sclass！(否定轉(zhuǎn)移)我認為上沈老師的課我是不會感到厭倦的！佳句①What'sworse,somedrivers,cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.更糟的是，一些司機、騎自行車的人和行人認為遵守交通規(guī)則并不重要。佳句②Ifyoudon'tthinkyoucantalktothem,writethemaletterandleaveitlyingaround—theyareboundtoreadit.如果你認為你不能和他們交談，那就給他們寫一封信，然后把它放在那里——他們一定會讀到它的。佳句③Idon'tbelieveyoushouldforcepeopletohelpothers—thedesiretohelpmustcomefromtheheart.我認為你不應(yīng)該強迫人們幫助別人——幫助別人的意愿應(yīng)該來自內(nèi)心。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Goingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallenge.從初中過渡到高中真是一項巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。2．Weshouldformthehabitofmakingplansforourstudyandkeepagoodbalancebetweenstudyandentertainment.我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成制定學(xué)習(xí)計劃的習(xí)慣，協(xié)調(diào)好學(xué)習(xí)和娛樂兩者之間的關(guān)系。3．Pleasetakepartinawidevarietyofafter-classactivities,whichwillbroadenourhorizons,enrichtheschoollifeandmakeusrelaxed.請積極參加豐富多彩的課外活動，這能夠讓我們開闊眼界，充實學(xué)校生活，還能使我們得到放松。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點——求助信(一)[題目要求](2020·全國卷Ⅲ)假定你是李華，你和同學(xué)根據(jù)英語課文改編了一個短劇。給外教MissEvans寫封郵件，請她幫忙指導(dǎo)。郵件內(nèi)容包括：1．劇情簡介；2.指導(dǎo)內(nèi)容；3.商定時間地點。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．結(jié)束語已為你寫好。Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Bestregards!Yourstruly，LiHua[背范文]DearMissEvans，I'mwritingtoaskforyourhelpwithourEnglishshortplayadaptedfromourEnglishtextbook.ThestorystartswithaboynamedHuckleberryFinn,whoranawayfromhomeandlivedwithhisfriendJim,aformerslave,onaraftontheMississippiRiver.ThenFinnwascheatedbytwomen,withhisraftstolenandJimsoldtoafarm.FinnandhisfriendTomSawyermadeaplantosaveJimfromthefarm.AtlasttheymanagedtofreeJim.Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted,andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.Ifpossible,shallwemeetyouinyourofficeat10amtomorrow?Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Bestregards!Yourstruly，LiHua[學(xué)亮點]1．學(xué)謀篇布局2．學(xué)亮麗開頭開頭直接用簡單句寫出了寫此郵件的緣由——希望得到幫助修改英文短劇。這種寫法簡潔明了，開門見山。3．學(xué)高級表達(1)使用高級句式，如：過去分詞作定語namedHuckleberryFinn；定語從句whoranawayfromhome...；賓語從句ifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice；with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)withhisraftstolenandJimsoldtoafarm；狀語從句的省略Ifpossible等，這些亮點表達充分體現(xiàn)了考生扎實的英語語法基礎(chǔ)知識。(2)使用委婉表達，如：委婉語Iwonderifyouwouldliketo...；請求語shallwemeetyouinyourofficeat10amtomorrow等，增加了文章的得分點。4．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾求助信的常用結(jié)尾Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.是一個省略句，省略了Iam，簡潔實用。5．學(xué)過渡銜接文中使用了then,atlast,and等銜接過渡詞語，使文章過渡自然，脈絡(luò)清晰，條理清楚，有較強的層次感。6．防微點失分考生容易把“ThestorystartswithaboynamedHuckleberryFinn,...”中的named前加上多余的was導(dǎo)致語法錯誤，或把someadvice誤表達為someadvices，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點](說明：加“”的練習(xí)為易錯題點，做題時注意品悟。以下各單元同)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Inmyopinion,lookingdownonthenewcomerisafoolishbehavior(行為)．2．I'msearchingsomebooksonwebsite(網(wǎng)站)ofourlibrary.3．(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Shepattedmegentlyontheshoulderandgavemegreatencouragement(鼓勵)．4．Personally,Iusedtotryeffectivemethods(方法)toachievemyacademicgoals.5．(2020·江蘇高考)Thehealthsecuritysystems(體系)ofmanycountriesareundergoingconsiderabletransformation.6．LiHua,a17-year-oldteenager(青少年)iscurrentlystudyinginmyclass,whoiscrazyaboutreading,learningandhelpingotherpeople.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加藍部分的漢語意思1．(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)Iwasalwaysanenthusiasticreader,sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.熱心的2．(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.學(xué)術(shù)的，學(xué)業(yè)的3．(2020·江蘇高考)InsteadofgettingdowntoanewtaskasIhadexpected,heexaminedthepreviousworkagain.以前的；從前的4．(熟詞生義)(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.足以支付5．(熟詞生義)ItismovedthatLucygiveaperformanceattheparty.(正式的)提出，提議Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.However,Iwasquitedisappointed(disappoint)tofindsomebadbehaviour.2．Heowedhissuccesstohisteacher'sencouragement(encourage)．3．Thescenerywassobeautifulthatitwasalmostbeyonddescription(describe)．4．Lucyandherassistant(assist)hidintheircaruntiltheangrybeeshadcalmeddown.5．Oneoftherequirementsofthejobis_fluency(fluent)intwoormoreAfricanlanguages.6.Withoutspecificinformation(inform),it'shardtoestimatethecostsandbenefitsofmakingdifferentchoices.7．ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstanding(misunderstand)oftraditions.8.Weneedtoknowthecustomsofacountrysothatwedonotmakeothersembarrassed(embarrass)．名師點撥“一站清”(1)disappointed多用來描述人的心情；disappointing用來描述事物。(2)information是不可數(shù)名詞，其后不能加s。(3)embarrassed中含兩個字母“r”，注意不要漏掉。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．a(chǎn)mazing[明其義]vt.令人吃驚的；令人驚訝的[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Wewereamazed(amaze)thatheagreedsoquickly.②Itwas_amazing(amaze)thattheboywasabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.(2)句式升級③Becausehewasamazedathisfinalscore,hedecidedtotreathimselftoabigdinner.→Amazed_at_hisfinalscore,hedecidedtotreathimselftoabigdinner.[解其困]amazed主要用于修飾人，表示人的感受或心理狀態(tài)，意為“感到……的”，而amazing則主要修飾物，表示事物的性質(zhì)和特征，意為“令人……的”。2．instruction[明其義]n．(常作復(fù)數(shù))指示；說明；[U]傳授；教授；教導(dǎo)[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Theinstructor(instruct)keptrepeatingthewords，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turnleft！”②Asscheduled,weparticipatedinseveralinstructive_(instruct)activities.(2)句式轉(zhuǎn)換③Motherinstructedustoholdthefestivalinthepavilioninthegarden.→Motherinstructedthatthe_festival_should_be_heldinthepavilioninthegarden.[解其困]instruct作“命令”講，后跟賓語從句時，從句謂語動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”形式。3．impress[明其義]vt.使印象深刻；使銘記[通其用](1)單句語法填空①I'msureitcanmakeawonderfulimpression(impress)onyou!②Itiswidelybelievedthatinnerbeautyisthemost_impressive(impress)intheworld.(2)句式升級③Thefilmimpressedmedeeply.→Thefilmleft/made_a_deep_impression_on_me.學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點](說明：加“”的練習(xí)為易錯題點，做題時注意品悟。以下各單元同)Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空farfrom，inotherwords，lookforwardto，takeplace，besimilarto，takepartin，havefun，byoneselftimportantly,buildconfidenceandhave_funwhilewriting!2.TraditionalChinesesportsare_similar_toWesternsportsinthatbotharemeanttoimprovepeople'shealth.3．Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidn'treachtherequiredstandard—in_other_words,_youfailed.4.AndIdolook_forward_toreceivingyourreplyletterassoonaspossible.5.Buttherevolutionthatwastaking_placeinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.6．(2020·浙江高考)Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhours_by_myself.7．Theresearchhasprovedthefactthatvoluntarydietingisahabitfar_fromexclusive(獨享)tohumans.8.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Youwillbeabletotake_part_inanumberofactivitiesfromcanoeingtowildcampingonDartmoor.名師點撥“一站清”(1)havefun中的fun是不可數(shù)名詞，其前不可加不定冠詞a，其后也不能加s。(2)besimilarto容易和befamiliarto相混淆，后者意為“為……所熟悉”。(3)lookforwardto表示“盼望，期待”時，其中的to是介詞。(4)takeplace作“發(fā)生，舉行”時，無被動語態(tài)。(5)takepartin的同義短語是participatein和joinin。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．joininVStakepartin比較Eventhoughnoteveryoneshould_join_in,_canyoupackandjoinusincamping？②Iwilltake_part_inanimportantmeeting,whichistobeheldinBeijingnextweek.辨清(1)joinin中的in作介詞時，后面可以直接跟賓語；in作副詞時，后面不可接賓語。joinin多用來表示參加活動，而不用來表示“參加會議”。(2)takepartin中的in是介詞，后面必須接賓語，如果不接賓語，則要去掉in。2.takeplaceVStaketheplaceof比較Thehelicoptermaytake_the_place_ofacarsomeday.②Theeveningpartywilltake_place_onNewYear'sEve.辨清(1)takeplace發(fā)生，舉行。它是不及物動詞短語，不可用于被動語態(tài)。(2)taketheplaceof取代。是及物動詞短語，它后面可接賓語。[句式的驗收盤點](一)“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”句式[通其用]1．補全句子①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達)Foronething,withagoodcommandofEnglish,I_don't_think_it's_difficult_formetocommunicatewithBritishpaintinglovers.首先，由于精通英語，我認為這對我來說與英國繪畫愛好者交流并不困難。②It_didn't_seemduringthoseyearsthattherecouldbeanyoneelsewhomightsharemyownpeculiartastes.在那些年月里，似乎沒有人會有我這樣的特殊情趣。2．句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Inmyopinion,whiletravelcanbroadenyourmind,itisn'tagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeandmoneyonit.→Whiletravelcanbroadenyourmind,I_don't_think_it's_a_good_ideatospendtoomuchtimeandmoneyonit.[解其困](1)否定轉(zhuǎn)移是指把對賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語動詞上，主句必須同時滿足三個條件：①主語是第一人稱I或we；②主句謂語是一般現(xiàn)在時；③謂語動詞應(yīng)是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine等。(2)否定轉(zhuǎn)移不可用于以下情況：“疑問句、含插入語的句子、含其他動詞作并列謂語”等。(二)倍數(shù)表達法[通其用]1．單句語法填空①ForeignlorriesarethreetimesmorelikelytobeinacrashthanBritishlorries.②TheYangtzeRiverisalmosttwicelonger_(long)thanthePearlRiver.③Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimeswhatitusedtobe.2．一句多譯為下屆亞運會而正在建設(shè)中的新體育館將是現(xiàn)在的三倍大。④ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe_three_times_as_big_asthepresentone.⑤ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe_two_times_bigger_thanthepresentone.⑥ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe_three_times_the_size_of_thepresentone.[解其困]常見表示“倍數(shù)”的句型：(1)倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.＋as(2)倍數(shù)＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as(3)倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than(4)倍數(shù)＋thesize/length/height/depth/width＋of(5)倍數(shù)＋what從句注意：表示“兩倍”時用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”表達。學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2019全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀理解D篇——對接課標主題：個人、家庭、社區(qū)及學(xué)校生活（一）精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中藍體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小學(xué)),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.eq\o(Theyrosein,\s\do4(1))theranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.[2]Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables'plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentapped①early,areemployed②everafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere'sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorable③behavior.[3]Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are“mostlikelytoengage(從事)indangerousandriskybehavior.”[4]Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoring④theleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys(調(diào)查研究).“Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”[5]Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate—sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.[6]Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:eq\o(Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes，butitisalsoresponsibleforthose,\s\do12(2))outcomes,too.“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage，”hesaid.［析微點·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］通句式——句子(1)中amongwhom引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞they，句中含有not...but...短語，意為“不是……而是……”。①微積累——熟詞生義：tapv．輕敲；輕拍(熟義)v．利用；開發(fā)；發(fā)掘(生義)②微積累——熟詞生義：employv．雇用(熟義)v．運用；應(yīng)用(生義)③構(gòu)詞法——dishonorable詞源：honourn．榮譽；榮幸dis-＋honor＋-able→dishonorableadj.不名譽的；可恥的④微點撥——名詞用作動詞scoren．得分；分數(shù)v．評分；打分數(shù)通句式——句子(2)是notonly...butalso...結(jié)構(gòu)，notonly位于句首時，其后句子要部分倒裝，butalso后不倒裝。該句式是寫作常用句式，要熟練掌握。[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律]（二）解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]32．Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A．Unkind. B．Lonely.C．Generous. D．Cool.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小學(xué)),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes...”可知，作者在小學(xué)時樂于與他人分享，是個慷慨大方的女孩，故選C項。33．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theclassificationofthepopular.B．Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C．Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D．Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.解析：選A段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，本段主要討論了受歡迎的人被分為兩類，即討人喜歡的人和追求地位的人，接著第三、四句分別描述了兩類人的特征，故選A項。34．WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A．Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B．Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C．Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D．Theyperformedwellacademically.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment...”可知，討人喜歡的人往往適應(yīng)性比較強，故選B項。35．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．BeNice—YouWon'tFinishLastB．TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC．BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD．MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness解析：選A標題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段第一句可知，本文主要探討了討人喜歡不僅與積極的人生結(jié)果相關(guān)，更是產(chǎn)生這些結(jié)果的原因。因此，對人友好，你的人生不會太差，故選A項。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第35題主要考查學(xué)生的概括性思維。綜觀全文，作者論述了受歡迎程度對青少年的影響。文章從青少年在學(xué)校里的受歡迎度這一現(xiàn)象談起，經(jīng)過給出專家觀點和專家的分析，最后給出專家的結(jié)論：善良在與人交際中會給人帶來很多益處。把這些概括起來，就會得出文章的中心大意：與人為善(討人喜歡)，你就不會落后。B項指社會地位越高越好，與原文矛盾；C項指做最好的自己，過于寬泛；D項指要學(xué)會自我控制，文章中未提及。一些考生如果缺乏概括性思維，就會錯選。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了青少年小學(xué)與中學(xué)階段的成長經(jīng)歷，個體受歡迎類型及對本人所產(chǎn)生的影響，旨在倡導(dǎo)關(guān)注青少年的心理健康問題。當今社會，在校中小學(xué)生的各種心理障礙的發(fā)生率逐年增加，本文就人際關(guān)系障礙進行研究，關(guān)注青少年心理健康的發(fā)展和品質(zhì)的培養(yǎng)，積極倡導(dǎo)和諧的人際關(guān)系和人文情懷。文章啟示我們青少年必須具備優(yōu)秀的人格品質(zhì)，才能在交往中受益，在成長的道路上擁有健康的身心。本文充分體現(xiàn)了英語學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)的育人價值導(dǎo)向，將立德樹人這一根本任務(wù)貫徹到了實處。（三）借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Ithinkallofusshouldmindourbehaviour(behave)inpublicplaces.2．Someschoolswillhavetomakeadjustments(adjust)inagreement.3．Ibelievethatthisbookwillsurelystrengthen(strength)ourties.4．Mymotherisahousewifewhosetimeis_employed(employ)intakingcareofthefamilyanddoinghousework.5．Hernovelshavegainedinpopularity(popular)overrecentyears.Ⅱ.補全句子1．Not_only_do_I_come_to_school_early(不僅我到學(xué)校早),butalsomyteacherdoes.(倒裝句)2．Whattheyounglacknowisnot_book_knowledge_but(不是書本知識而是)practicalexperience.3．Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnect_with(與……聯(lián)系)others,notjustcommunicatewiththem.Ⅲ.分析長難句“Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage，”hesaid.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個含有一個定語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Beingliked，謂語動詞是creates。其中“forlearningandfor...gainanadvantage”是opportunities的定語；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞“newkindsoflifeexperiences”。[句意翻譯]他說：“討人喜歡會給人的學(xué)習(xí)和新的生活體驗創(chuàng)造機會，幫助人們獲得優(yōu)勢?！雹?主題語境寫作同齡壓力是青少年成長過程中經(jīng)常遇到的問題。假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Jack給你寫了一封信，詢問如何應(yīng)對同齡壓力。請根據(jù)以下要點提示，給他寫一封回信。1．同齡壓力不可避免；2．每個人都是獨特的，沒有必要跟他人比；3．向有專長的同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：同齡壓力peerpressure參考范文：DearJack，Inyourlastletter,youaskedabouthowtodealwithpeerpressure.I'mverygladtosharemyviewswithyou.Peerpressureisacommonproblemforusyoungstudents.Weoftenfindsomepeoplewhoarebetterthanusinsomeaspects.AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnoneedtocompareourselveswithothers.Infact,wemustfaceitratherthanavoidit.What'smore,wemustknowthateveryoneofusisuniqueandhasourownadvantages.Moreover,wecanlearnfromthosewhohavespecialskills.Bylearningtheiradvantages,wecanimproveourselvesquickly.Ihopemyadvicecanhelpyou.Yourssincerely，LiHua課下主題訓(xùn)練個人、家庭、社區(qū)及學(xué)校生活Ⅰ.閱讀理解ATheUKhasawell-respectedhighereducationsystemandsomeofthetopuniversitiesandresearchinstructionsintheworld.Buttothosewhoarenewtoitall,sometimesitcanbeconfusing.Octoberisusuallythebusiestmonthinthecollegecalendar.UniversitieshavesomethingcalledFreshers'Weekfortheirnewcomers.It'sagreatopportunitytomakenewfriends,joinlotsofclubsandsettleintouniversitylife.However,havingjustleftthecomfortofhomeandallyourfriendsbehind,theprospect(前景)ofmeetinglotsofstrangersinbighallscanbenerve-wracking(令人焦慮不安的)．Wheredoyoustart？Whoshouldyoumakefriendswith？Whichclubsshouldyoujoin?Luckily,therewillbethousandsofothersinthesameboatasyouworryingaboutstartingtheiruniversitysociallifeontherightfoot.Sojusttakeitallinslowly.Don'trushintoanythingthatyou'llregretforthenextthreeyears.HereissometopadvicefrompaststudentsonhowtosurviveFreshers'Week：?Learnrules.MakesureyouknowBritishsocialetiquette(禮節(jié))．Haveafewwineglassesandsnackshandyforyourhousematesandfriends.?Bekind.Sometimescupsofteaorevenslicesoftoastcangiveyouaheadstartinmakingfriends.?Besociable.Themoreactiveyouare,themorelikelyyou'llbetomeetnewpeoplethanifyou'resomeonewhoneverleaveshisroom.?Bringadoorstop.Keepyourdooropenwhenyou'reinandthatsendspositivemessagestoyourneighborsthatyou'refriendly.Sowithabitofcleverplanningandeffort,Freshers'Weekcangiveyouagreatstarttoyouruniversitylifeandsoonyou'llbepassingonyourexperiencetonextyear'snewrecruits.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。當你在異國他鄉(xiāng)求學(xué)，對于剛剛步入一個全新校園的你來說，也許一切都會顯得很陌生。本文介紹了一些在英國如何度過新生周的方法。1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Octoberisgenerallythebusiestmonthforuniversities.B．It'sagoodideatoputadoorstopinyourdoor.C．AbitofplanningcanmakeFreshers'Weekeasier.D．ThefirstweekofyoureveryyearatuniversityiscalledFreshers'Week.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可判斷出D項表述錯誤，新生入學(xué)的第一周才叫Freshers'Week。故選D。2．Theunderlinedword“recruits”inthelastparagraphrefersto________.A．coursesB．freshersC．neighborsD．challenges解析：選B詞義猜測題。最后一段逗號后面的意思是：新生周可以讓你的大學(xué)生活有一個很棒的開端，而且你將很快把你的經(jīng)驗傳給下一年的新生。故選B。3.Wecaninferfromthe4thparagraphthat_________.A．thenewcomersusuallymissthedayslivingathomeB．mostofthestudentsintheUKspendthreeyearsinuniversitiesC．manyfreshersareworriedabouthowtofituniversitylifeD．a(chǎn)llthenewstudentswillmakenewfriendsandjoincertainclubs解析：選C推理判斷題。第四段的第一句話說“數(shù)以千計的其他人也會和你一樣擔(dān)心如何正確地開始他們的大學(xué)生活”，由此可知應(yīng)選C項。4.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto__________.A．tellthenewcomershowtomakeanewstartinuniversitiesB．introducesomethingabouthighereducationsystemoftheUKC．discusssomethingabouttheFreshers'WeekintheUKD．a(chǎn)dvisethefreshmenhowtobehavewellinthebeginning解析：選A寫作意圖題。從第五段的“HereissometopadvicefrompaststudentsonhowtosurviveFreshers'Week”可以看出該文的寫作目的是A項。其中，“Freshers'Week”指的就是“anewstartinuniversities”。故選A。B(2021·泰安模擬)AliceisasenioratSunsetHighSchool(SHS)inAmerica.Thekidsinherschoolarelookingforwardtoseniorgraduationandsummervacation.Andtheystilldesiretoliveasignificantlife:doingsomethingworthwhileandmakingadifference.Alice,seniorclasspresident,decidestotakeactionbyorganizingafooddrive.Shealsodecidestoreachouttothecommunityintheneighborhoodforsupport.Shewrote，“Hi!MynameisAliceandI'masenioratSunset!TheSHSstudentgovernmentishostingadriveandcollectingthecannedandboxedfoodforneedyfamilies.Iknowmanystudentsintheslum(貧民窟)arenotabletoaccessregularmealswithoutschool.One-hundredpercentofeverythingdonatedwillgotofamiliesinneed.Soitwouldbeamazingifanybodycoulddonateanyextrafoodandlayitaroundthehouse.Iwouldbesohappytocomebyandpickupanyextrafoodthatanyonehasandjustletmeknow！”Sofar,thecommunityhasmadesome400donations,andAlicehaspickedupeachone.They'releftinbrownpaperbagsaroundtheirhouses,andshehandlesthemwiththelatestgloves.It'sallpackagedfood,andthepackagingiscleanedwithdisinfectedwipes.Alongwiththerestofthestudentunion,whichbrainstormedtheidealastweek,Aliceissettingupdistributioncenterstodispensethefoodinthecitysofamiliescangetwhattheyneed.“Inthecommunity,I'veseensomanypeopleofferingtheirhelp,andI'vepickedupsomanydonationsfromcommunityresidents，”Alicesaid.It'snicetoseepeoplesupportingeachother.Ithinkit'sreallygoodhatwe'rebelongmorecautious,especiallywithinthecommunity，Alicesays.Everyindividualisawareofhowtotakecareofthemselves,theirfamilyandothersthem.Theyjoinhandsmakeabigdifferenceindeed.Witheveryone'sefforts,thedonationworkgoesoneasilyandsmoothlyandmanypoorfamilieshasgothelp.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是高中生Alice為了幫助貧困家庭吃到更好的食物，組織社區(qū)的人為他們捐贈食物的故事。5．WhatdoweknowaboutthestudentsatSHSinthetext?A．They'reeagerforameaningfullife.B．They'vehelpedtobuildacommunity.C．They'vegraduatedfromseniorhighschool.D．They'reforcedtodosomethingworthwhile.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，SHS學(xué)校的孩子們都在盼望高中畢業(yè)和暑假。他們?nèi)匀豢释^一種有意義的生活：做一些有價值的事情，并做出改變。由此可知，SHS的學(xué)生渴望有意義的生活。故選A。6．WhydidAliceorganizethefooddrive?A．Togaingreaterpopularity.B．Togetfoodforfamiliesinneed.C．TosetuptheSHSstudentunion.D．Todonatefoodtothestudentsinherschool.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“One-hundredpercentofeverythingdo