高考英語模擬卷試卷及答案(二)

高考模擬卷(三)第一部分聽力(略)第二部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21.Therearealsopeoplewhoobjecttofairystoriesonthegroundstheyarenotobjectivelytrue，andthatgiants，witches，two-headeddragonsetcdonotexist.A.that B.whatC.which D.when答案A解析考查同位語從句的連接詞。句意為：也有人反對童話故事，理由是它們在客觀上不真實，巨人、女巫、雙頭龍等不存在。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格后的同位語從句用來解釋說明grounds的具體內(nèi)容，從句中不缺成分且意義完整。因此本題選A。22.Thoughscientistsgetclosertounderstandingwhyweage,thereasonfordifferentagingratesamongindividualsremainsonlyunderstood.A.concretely B.thoroughlyC.vaguely D.flexibly答案C解析考查副詞詞義辨析。concretely具體地；thoroughly徹底地；vaguely含糊地，茫然地；flexible靈活的。句意為：盡管科學家對人類衰老的原因有了更深的了解，但對于個體衰老速度不同的原因，人們?nèi)灾跎?。故C項正確。23.Theexpertpointsoutthephenomenonthatcreamgoesbadfasterthanbutteritsstructureratherthanitschemicalcomposition.A.livesupto B.getsdowntoC.comesdownto D.standsupto答案C解析考查動詞短語辨析。句意為：專家指出，奶油變質(zhì)的速度快于黃油的這種現(xiàn)象，歸根結(jié)底是因為它的結(jié)構(gòu)，而不是它的化學成分。liveupto符合；getdownto著手；comedownto歸根結(jié)底；standupto經(jīng)得起，根據(jù)題意，故選C。24.—youneedanyhelp，feelfreetocontactme.—Thankyouforyourkindness.A.May B.WillC.Shall D.Should答案D解析考查if引導的虛擬語氣。句意為：——如果你需要幫助，請隨時與我聯(lián)系。——謝謝你的好意。此處是省略if的虛擬語氣，如果省略if則將助動詞should提前。故選D。25.—Oh，myGod!What’swrongwithyou?—IwasgoingthenormalspeedlimitwhenatruckappearedinfrontofmeandIdidn’thavetimetostop.A.betweenthelines B.aroundtheclockC.outoftheblue D.overthemoon答案C解析考查習慣表達。句意為：——天啊，你怎么了??？——我當時正以正常速度行駛，突然一輛卡車沖到我的前面，我沒有足夠的時間踩剎車了。betweenthelines字里行間；aroundtheclock全天24小時；outoftheblue出其不意地；overthemoon狂喜。故選C。26.TheywillflytoChicago，theyplantostayinfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when答案C解析根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，theyplantostayinfortwoorthreedays是一個非限制性定語從句，句中stayin后面缺一個賓語，所以用which或者that代指前面的Chicago，但是非限制性定語從句的引導詞不能用that，故選C。27.Eithersideseemstohavea(n)position；therearestillmanyuncertaintiesonthisissue.A.ambiguous B.delicateC.explicit D.confidential答案A解析考查形容詞辨析。句意為：雙方似乎都有一個模糊的立場；在這個問題上仍然有許多不確定性。ambiguous模糊的；delicate精美的；explicit明確的；confidential機密的。故A選項正確。28.—Howdidyouenjoythegame?—Iwasimpressedbytheenergyandshownbytheplayers.A.qualification B.commitmentC.investment D.privilege答案B解析考查名詞。句意為：——你覺得這場比賽怎么樣？——球員們表現(xiàn)出的活力和奉獻精神給我留下了深刻的印象。qualification資格；commitment奉獻，承諾；investment投資；privilege特權(quán)。結(jié)合句意可知答案為B。29.Shefelttotallyhopelessaboutthefutureonedayshelearnedaboutacharitywhichprovidedmicroloantowomentostartbusiness.A.until B.onceC.unless D.when答案A解析句意：她對未來感到徹底絕望了，直到有一天她聽說有家慈善機構(gòu)提供小額貸款給自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的女性。until直到……才，引導時間狀語從句。30.—Hey!EveryoneintheofficewasatthedinnerpartyinhonorofMrCharlesexceptyou.Whathappened?—IafterMike，mycolleague.Hewasbadlyill.A.havelooked B.waslookingC.wouldlook D.hadlooked答案B解析考查時態(tài)。句意為：——嘿，辦公室除了你所有人都在為查理斯先生慶祝的晚宴上。發(fā)生了什么事？——我當時正在照顧麥克，我的同事。他病得很厲害。通過上文可知下文說的是在過去某個時間點(別人參加晚宴時)正在發(fā)生的事情，故用過去進行時態(tài)，選B。31.makingdecisions，thehumanbraincannotbecomparedwiththecomputerbecauseinthelongprocessofevolutiontheslowpaceoflifedidn’trequiresuchanabilityofthehumanbrain.A.Onbehalfof B.IncontrasttoC.Insaluteto D.Intermsof答案D解析考查介詞短語辨析。句意為：在做決定方面，人類的大腦無法與計算機相比，因為在漫長的進化過程中，生活的緩慢節(jié)奏并不需要人類大腦有這樣的能力。onbehalfof代表；incontrastto相比之下；insaluteto向……致敬；intermsof按照，在……方面。故選D。32.IcameacrossanoldschoolfriendinChinaTownlastweek，athisfunnyhairstyle.A.surprised B.surprisingC.beingsurprised D.havingsurprised答案A解析考查非謂語動詞。句意為：上個星期我在唐人街遇到一位老同學，他的滑稽發(fā)型讓我很驚訝。此處是形容詞短語作狀語，用來形容主語的狀態(tài)，主語為I指人，而surprised用來修飾人，表示“對……感到驚訝”。故選A。33.Mikeislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoeshisboss.A.serves B.satisfiesC.promises D.supports答案B解析serve為……服務(wù)；satisfy使?jié)M意；promise許諾；support擁護。句意為：邁克正在尋找另一份工作，因為他感覺他所做的任何事都不能使老板滿意。由句意可知答案選B。34.Homeissomebodynoticeswhenyouarenolongerthere.A.that B.whenC.how D.where答案D解析考查表語從句。句意為：家是一個當你不在的時候別人會注意到(你不在)的地方。where在此處引導表語從句，意為“地點，場所”。35.—Whatawasteoftimetowatchsuchaboringmatch!—.Whynotswitchthechannel?A.It’snobigdealB.WithyourpermissionC.MyfeelingsexactlyD.You’vegottobekidding答案C解析考查情景交際。It’snobigdeal沒什么大不了的；Withyourpermission在你允許的情況下；Myfeelingsexactly我也這么認為，我的感覺也是這樣；You’vegottobekidding你一定在開玩笑。句意為：——看這么無聊的比賽，真是浪費時間！——我也這么認為，為什么不換個頻道？故選C。第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。WhenIwassmall，Ispokewithastutter(結(jié)巴).IfIhadacentforeverytimeIwas36，Icouldhavepotentiallyretiredattwelve.It’snoteasybeingakid，andit’sespeciallydifficultwhenyou’re37.ThebiggestfearformostAmericansispublicspeaking，soimaginebeingastutteringchildhavingto38aparagraphfromCharlotte’sWeb39theentireclasslooks，listens，andlaughs.It’s40.Thatall41formeintheeighthgradewhenIdecidedto42myanxietyby43toreadeachandeverytime.Myhandwasalwaysthefirsttogoupandstayedupformostoftheclass.Ichosetobeincomplete44ofwhatandwhentoread.Ifkidslaughed，I’dusuallyhaveawittyone-linerto45，whichwouldfinallyshutthemup.Fromthenon，Ineveragainlookedatmystutteringasa(n)46challenge.Fastforwardto2012andI’macomic.WhenI47incomedy，mygoalwassimplytomaketheaudience48.Butaftereachshow，I’dgetfeedback(反饋)onhowmycomedyhelpededucatethemtounderstandand49thosewhoalsosufferedfromaspeechdisorder.Iwas50.Untilseeingmyroutine，they’dneverconsideredthe51apersonwhostuttersfacesonadailybasis.Imaginethefearoftalkingonatelephone.Imaginethefearoforderingfoodatarestaurant.Stutteringisstilloneofthegreat52.I’vebeenstutteringforfortyyearsandstillcan’texplainit.53，I，justlikeanypersonwhostutters，havemygooddaysandbaddaysandeverythinginbetween.Whetherit’sabignoseoruglytoes，weallhave54thateachofusshould55；ifnot，howcanwepossiblyexpectunderstandingandsupportfromothers?語篇解讀從小口吃的作者學會了勇敢面對自己的不足，也努力影響他人來理解和接納身體有缺陷的人。36.A.lookedinto B.madefunofC.lookedafter D.madeuseof答案B解析根據(jù)下文中的“theentireclasslooks，listens，andlaughs...”可知，如果每被嘲笑一次，我就得到一美分的話，估計我在十二歲的時候賺的錢就夠養(yǎng)老了。makefunof取笑，符合語境。lookinto調(diào)查，觀察；lookafter照顧，打理；makeuseof使用，利用。37.A.sympathetic B.differentC.ashamed D.desperate答案B解析根據(jù)文章首句可知，我和別人不同。different不同的，有區(qū)別的，符合語境。sympathetic同情的；ashamed羞愧的；desperate絕望的，極度渴望的。38.A.write B.selectC.record D.read答案D解析根據(jù)上文中的“ThebiggestfearformostAmericansispublicspeaking...”可知，此處指口吃的孩子要當著全班同學的面朗讀(read)《夏洛特的網(wǎng)》當中的一段。39.A.as B.incaseC.though D.nowthat答案A解析參考上題解析。as意為“當……的時候”，符合語境。40.A.impossible B.uneasyC.lonely D.unusual答案B解析口吃的孩子要當著全班同學的面朗讀《夏洛特的網(wǎng)》當中的一段，在大庭廣眾之下暴露自己的弱點會讓人很不舒服，uneasy意為“不舒服的，不安的”，符合語境。41.A.changed B.disappearedC.returned D.settled答案A解析根據(jù)上下文語境可知，當我決定通過主動要求朗讀來緩解焦慮時，事情有了變化(change)。42.A.share B.ignoreC.relieve D.employ答案C解析根據(jù)上下文語境可知，我主動要求朗讀的目的是緩解焦慮。relieve緩解，減輕，符合語境。43.A.appearing B.pretendingC.preparing D.volunteering答案D解析參考上題解析。volunteer自愿，主動要求，符合語境。44.A.control B.stateC.support D.satisfaction答案A解析根據(jù)上下文語境可知，我選擇做自己的主人翁，自己控制(control)朗讀內(nèi)容和時間。45.A.showup B.cutoutC.shootback D.breakdown答案C解析如果同學們?nèi)⌒ξ?，我就用機智的俏皮話頂回去，讓他們閉嘴。shootback頂回去，還擊，符合語境。showup到場；cutout裁剪，停止；breakdown失敗，損壞。46.A.interesting B.significantC.confusing D.delicate答案B解析根據(jù)上文可知，我不再把自己的口吃看作是很大的挑戰(zhàn)。significant有意義的，重大的，符合語境。delicate微妙的，精巧的。47.A.accomplished B.setoutC.acted D.startedout答案D解析根據(jù)上下文語境可知，最開始從事(startout)喜劇的時候，我只是單純地想要逗笑(laugh)觀眾。48.A.laugh B.promiseC.applaud D.think答案A解析參考上題解析。49.A.remember B.respectC.recognize D.receive答案B解析根據(jù)understand可知，表演之后，我通過反饋得知我的喜劇不僅為觀眾帶來了歡樂，還起到了教育意義，人們通過觀看我的喜劇學會理解和尊重有語言障礙的人。respect尊敬，敬重，符合語境。remember記得，回想起；recognize認出，識別；receive收到，得到。50.A.putthrough B.caredforC.blownaway D.dependedon答案C解析根據(jù)下文“Untilseeingmyroutine，they’dneverconsidered...”可知，得知人們在看我的表演之前，從來沒有為有語言障礙的人考慮過時，我很驚訝。blowaway使某人大吃一驚，給……留下深刻印象，符合語境。putthrough實行，接通；carefor照料，喜歡；dependon依賴，相信。51.A.challenges B.opportunitiesC.dilemmas D.consequences答案A解析根據(jù)第三段最后一句和倒數(shù)第三段中的“Imaginethefearoftalkingonatelephone.Imaginethefearoforderingfoodatarestaurant.”可知，口吃的人每天都面對挑戰(zhàn)。challenge挑戰(zhàn)，符合語境。opportunity機會；dilemma進退兩難的窘境；consequence結(jié)果，后果。52.A.findings B.unknownsC.adventures D.worries答案B解析根據(jù)下文中的“I’vebeenstutteringforfortyyearsandstillcan’texplainit.”可知，結(jié)巴仍然是一個解釋不了的現(xiàn)象(unknown)。53.A.Therefore B.OtherwiseC.Instead D.Nevertheless答案D解析根據(jù)上下文語境可知，前后兩個句子為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。然而(nevertheless)，我和其他口吃的人一樣每天過著平淡的日子。54.A.illnesses B.anxietiesC.imperfections D.failures答案C解析根據(jù)上文“Whetherit’sabignoseoruglytoes”可知，每個人都應(yīng)該接納(accept)自己的不足之處(imperfection)。imperfection不完美，瑕疵，符合語境。55.A.accept B.expectC.believe D.entertain答案A解析參考上題解析。第三部分閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAfricaFinanceCorporation(AFC)isanAfrican-ledinternationalfinanceinstitutionestablishedin2007tobridgeAfrica’sinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)investmentgapthroughthesupplyofdebtandequityfinance，projectdevelopment，andtechnicalandfinancialadvisoryservices.AFChasinvestedoverUSD4.5billionininfrastructureprojectsin28countriesacrossAfrica，withafocusonpower，transport，telecommunications，heavyindustriesandnaturalresources.AFCislookingtoappoint，foraperiodof5years(renewable)，anewCEO.ThisindividualwhowillbebasedinLagos，Nigeria，willoverseeallstrategicandbusinessaspectsoftheinstitution.ThisCEOwillhaveresponsibilityfortheday-to-dayleadership，strategy，operationalmanagement，andgrowthoftheAFCandwillguidetheorganizationasitmovesintothenextphaseofitsdevelopment.TheCEOmustpossessexcellentdiplomaticandleadershipskills，anaturalcapacityforinvestment&fundraisingandaprovencapabilitytomanageshareholders(股東).Femalecandidatesareparticularlywelcomeastheyarecurrentlyunder-representedatthislevel.Candidatesshouldhavetheprofessionalexperienceandstandingtocommandtherespectandtrustofmembersofthebusinessandgovernmentalcommunityandwillhave.?Experienceincomplexinfrastructureandprojectfinancing?Experienceinoriginating，executingandmanagingequityandloanandguaranteetransactions?Experienceinotheraspectsofmanagingaworld-classfinancialinstitutionlikeassetandliabilitymanagement，riskmanagementandenvironmentalandsocialmanagement?ExperienceinemergingmarketfinancingandinvestmentsinAfrica?StronganalyticalandcommunicationskillsApplicantsarerequestedtosendadetailedCV，coverletter，andreferencestoAFC@.ApplicationsthatmeetthecriteriamustarrivebyemailnolaterthanmidnightonMay31st,2019.語篇解讀本文是一篇AFC公司招聘新CEO的信息。56.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAFC?A.Ithasfewfemalestaff.B.ItsCEOissubstitutedeveryfiveyears.C.Itwillhavebeenestablishedfortwelveyearsin2019.D.Itprovidesserviceforprojectsacrosstheworld.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“AfricaFinanceCorporation(AFC)isanAfrican-ledinternationalfinanceinstitutionestablishedin2007...”可知，截止到2019年，AFC成立了十二年了。57.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.TodisplaythepersonalqualitiesnecessarytoworkintheAFC.B.TotellaboutthedetailedinformationabouttheAFC.C.Toraisecapitalforaninfrastructureproject.D.ToseektoemployaCEO.答案D解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第二段以及后文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章的目的是為AFC公司招聘一名CEO。BIknowthatIshouldn’tfeedmytwodaughters，whoareeightandtwelve，dinnerat7∶30.It’stoolate.Andso，asfewweeksago，facedwithyetanotherlatemeal，myyoungerdaughterfellintooneofthoseangersituations.Annoyedataperceivedinequityinhouseworkdistribution，sheputforcefullymyglassofsodaontothecounter，somewhatsplattering(飛濺)theliquidontothefloorandme.Shetoldme，“You’renotbeingnice！You’rebeingastupidoldparentwhoknowsnothing！”Shortlyafterthis，Icameacrossastudyinwhichmenandwomenstuckpinsintodollsasameasureoftheirannoyancewiththeirspouses(配偶).Theresearchersfoundthatthesubjectsweremorelikelytostickinlotsofpinswhentheirglucose(葡萄糖)levelwaslow.Iwasinterested—thefindingsseemedtoexplainmyexperiencewithmykids，andofferedaclearsolution：eatregularly，enhanceself-control.Thestudygotalotofattention—storiesonthe“Today”show，ABCNews，NPR，andlotsofnewspapersaroundtheworld.TheOhioStatepsychologistBradBushman，wholedthestudy，says，“Withlessglucosethebrakeonself-controlisweakened.”Butdowereallyknowwhatwethinkweknowaboutbloodsugarandthebrain？Foryears，theUniversityofPennsylvaniapsychologyresearcherRobertKurzbanhasbeenwatchingtheglucosetheorystorepositivepress.Hefindsthisdeeplyfrustrating.“It’saveryentertainingidea，”hesays，“butasascientistIfeellikeweshouldthinkaboutwhetheritiscorrect.”Kurzbanandscientistsdon’tdenythathungeraffectsmood.Thisisobvious，theysay.Butitdoesn’tprovethatglucosefuelsself-control，orthatlowglucosecausesafailureofself-control.Kurzbantoldme，thebrainrarelyrunsshortofglucose.Althoughitusesmorecaloriesthanmostotherorgans，thebraindoesn’tconsumethatmuchenergy—alittlemorethantencaloriesanhour.Inastudypublishedin2012，theNorthwesternUniversitysocialpsychologistDanielMoldenfoundthatmentalactivitydoesn’tconsumeextraglucose.Tobefair，eventhesupportersoftheglucoseideaagreethatself-controlismultifaceted(多方面的)andnotonlyregulatedbyglucose.ButtoMolden，givingsomuchweighttoglucosecanleadtoincorrectstrategiesforactivatingself-controlinreallife.Itminimizesthefactthathumans，withtheirbig，complexbrains，haveauniqueabilitytodirecttheirownbehaviorandoverride(不顧)theirownimpulses(沖動).“Youcan’tthrowfuelatself-controlproblems，”hesays.“Talkingaboutmotivation，helpingpeoplefocus，that’snoteasy，butitcanwork.Itismuchmoreeffectivethangivingpeoplesnacks.”語篇解讀此前有研究表明，血糖低會降低自控能力，但賓夕法尼亞大學的心理學研究專家羅伯特·庫爾茨班認為這個理論并不靠譜，與此相關(guān)的另一位研究者丹尼爾·莫頓指出，人類的自控能力與血糖的關(guān)系不大。58.Theauthor’syoungerdaughterbehavedbadlybecauseshe.A.consideredtheauthornotcleverB.feltshehadbeenunfairlytreatedC.didn’tthoughttheauthorwasfriendlytoherD.wasveryfullbuttheauthorcontinuedtofeedherdinner答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Annoyedataperceivedinequityinhouseworkdistribution，sheputforcefullymyglassofsodaontothecounter”可知，作者的小女兒發(fā)脾氣是因為對家務(wù)的分配感到不滿。59.Whatcanbelearnedfromthethirdparagraph?A.Kurzbandoubtstheglucosetheory.B.Kurzbanfindstheglucosetheoryinteresting.C.BradBushmanwinsfameontheglucosetheory.D.BradBushman’stheorydoesn’tdeserveattention.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“‘It’saveryentertainingidea，’hesays，‘butasascientistIfeellikeweshouldthinkaboutwhetheritiscorrect.’”可知，庫爾茨班對葡萄糖理論持懷疑態(tài)度。故選A項。60.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph4probablymeans“thebrain”.A.isfairlyshortofglucoseB.seldomlacksglucoseC.rarelyinteractswithglucoseD.workswellwithoutglucose答案B解析句意理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Althoughitusesmorecaloriesthanmostotherorgans，thebraindoesn’tconsumethatmuchenergy—alittlemorethantencaloriesanhour.”可知，大腦耗能并不多，由此可推知畫線部分意思是：大腦很少會耗盡葡萄糖。故選B項。CAttheendofthelasticeage，around11,700yearsago，Earth’sclimatebeganwarmingrapidly.Astheplanetheatedup，itsvastglaciers(冰川)fellback.Almostimmediatelyafterwardsvolcanicactivitysurged.Thatwasnothingnew.Thegeologicalrecordhasplentyofevidenceofbigglacialwithdrawalsthatarefollowedbymorefrequentvolcaniceruptions.This，atleast，isthecaseforreallybigclimaticswings.Whathasbeenlesscleariswhethermoremodestchangesinicecovermightalsoaffecttherateoferuptions.Giventhathumansarebusywarmingtheplanet，andthereforeshrinkingthefew，relativelysmallglaciersthatstillexist，thisquestionmatters.Itwouldbegoodtoknowifmorevolcaniceruptionsmightbeanotherconsequenceofglobalwarming.InapaperjustpublishedinGeology，GraemeSwindles，ageographerattheUniversityofLeeds，suggeststhatitwill—eventually.Thefinedetailsofhowglaciersarelinkedtovolcaniceruptionsareunknown.Butvolcanologists’theoryisthattheweightoflargeicesheetspressesthecrust(地殼)andmantle(地幔)below.Thatclosesupchannelswithintherockthroughwhichmagma(巖漿)travelstowardsthesurface.Italsoleaveslessroomforsurfacewatertomakeitswaydownintotherocks，where，assteam，itcanincreasethepressurewithinmagmaspaces.Removetheice，bycontrast，andthoseprocessesgointoreverse.Dr.SwindlesandhiscolleaguesstudiedlayersofashfromIcelandicvolcanoesthatweredepositedoverIcelandandnorthernEuropeduringtherelativelymildperiodsincetheendoftheiceage，aswellasvolcanicdepositsfromIcelanditself.Theiranalysisrevealedanunusualperiodbetween5,500and4,500yearsagowhennoashfromIcelandicvolcanoesfounditswaytoEurope，andwhenthedepositrecordfromIcelandsuggeststhatnomajoreruptionstookplace.WhenDr.Swindlescomparedthevolcanicrecordwiththeclimateliterature，hefoundthattheabsenceoferuptionswasprecededbyabigchangeinatmosphericcirculationpatternsabout6,100yearsago.ThatwouldhaveencouragedIceland’sglacierstoadvance.Whenconditionschangedagainathousandyearslater，thistimetofavorglacialwithdrawals，volcanicactivitypickedupafterafewhundredyears.Baseduponthesefindings，Dr.Swindlesarguesthatevenminorincreasesanddecreasesinglaciercoverprobablydoaffectvolcanicactivity，althoughwithafairlyintervalofperhapsfiveorsixhundredyears.Themodernworldisalreadyrecoveringfromitsownminiatureglaciation，the“LittleIceAge”，whichlastedfromabout1500to1850.Combinethatwithyetmoreglacialmelt，causedthistimebyhuman-drivenwarming，andthecenturiesaheadmaybenoticeablyfiercerthanthoseoftherecentpast.語篇解讀利茲大學地質(zhì)學家格雷姆·斯溫德斯博士在最新發(fā)表的文章中認為，輕微的冰川變化最終也可能會影響火山爆發(fā)的頻率。61.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Volcanoestendtoeruptmorefrequentlyintheabsenceofglaciers.B.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentanddestructive.C.Beforethelasticeage，therewereseldomvolcaniceruptions.D.Frequentvolcaniceruptionshavemeltedmanyglaciers.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thegeologicalrecordhasplentyofevidenceofbigglacialwithdrawalsthatarefollowedbymorefrequentvolcaniceruptions.”可知，冰川退卻后火山爆發(fā)更加頻繁，故A項正確。62.Dr.Swindles’studyismainlytofigureoutwhether.A.smallchangesinglaciersproduceaneffectonvolcanicactivityB.globalwarmingisprimarilycausedbyvolcaniceruptionsC.bigclimatechangeswillcausemorevolcanicexplosionsD.volcanicrecordsandclimateliteratureareauthentic答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，斯溫德斯博士的研究主要是要弄清楚輕微的冰川變化是否也會引起火山的爆發(fā)。63.AccordingtoParagraph3，theconnectionbetweenglaciersandvolcaniceruptionsis.A.rock B.waterC.pressure D.temperature答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“theweightoflargeicesheetspresses...Italsoleaveslessroom...itcanincreasethepressure...”可知，冰川和火山噴發(fā)的主要聯(lián)系是“壓力”。64.AccordingtoDr.Swindles’study，whatwillprobablyhappenafterhundredsofyears?A.TherewillbeaniceageaftertheEarthcoolsdown.B.Volcanoeswillbreakoutevenmorefiercely.C.Volcaniceruptionswillbeundercontrol.D.TherewillbenoglaciersontheEarth.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知，隨著地球溫度不斷升高，冰川消融，幾百年后，火山爆發(fā)的局勢更加嚴峻。DAt88，Iremainacompetitiverunner.Thefinishlineofmylifeisdrawingclose，andIhopetoreachithavinggiventhebestofmyselfalongtheway.I’vebeentrainingmybodytomeetthedemandsofthisfinalstretch.But，Iwonder，shouldIhaveaskedmoreofmymind?IfIdidn’texercise，Iwouldreleasethehungrybeaststhatseektheirelderlypreyoncouches，butnotinthegym.ThemoreIsweated，themorelikelyitwasmydoctorwouldcontinuetosay，“Keepdoingwhatyou’redoing，andI’llseeyounextyear.”Mymind，ontheotherhand，seemslesswillingtogiveintodiscipline.IhavetriedInternet“braingames”，solvingalgebraicproblemsflashingpastandchangingtherouteofvirtualtrainstoavoidcrashes.ButtheseneverapproachmydeterminationtoremainphysicallyfitasImovedeeperintooldage.Despitehavingmanyfriendsintheir70s,80sand90s，I’vebeenfartooslowtorealizethathowwerespondtoagingisachoicemadeinthemind，notinthegym.Someofmyhealthiestfriendscarrythemselvesasvictimsabusedbytime.Otherfriends，manywhoseachingkneesandhipsaretheleastoftheirphysicalproblems，findcomfortintheirabilitytoacceptoldageasjustanotherstageoflifetodealwith.Iwouldusetheword“heroic”todescribethewaytheycopewithaging.Onesuchfriendrecentlycalledfromahospitaltotellmeasuddenbraindiseasehadmadehimlegallyblind.HeinterruptedmeasIbegantellinghimhowterriblysorryIwas:“Bob，itcouldhavebeenworse.Icouldhavebecomedeadinsteadofblind.”DespiteallthetimeIspendliftingweightsandexercising，IrealizedIlackthestrengthtohavesaidthosewords.ItsuddenlystruckmethatI’vepaidapriceforbeinga“gymrat”.Ifthereisonecharacteristiccommontofriendswhoareagingwithagracefulacceptanceoflife’sattacks，itiscontentment.AginghadtobemorethanwhatIsawinamirror.ButratherthanundertakingafundamentalchangeinthewayIfaceaging，Ifelttheplacetobeginwouldbetostartsmall.Arecentlunchprovidedaperfectexample.I’vealwaysfounditextremelydifficulttoconcentratewhenI’minanoisysetting.Atthislunchwithafriendinanoutdoorrestaurant，alandscaperbeganblowingleavesfromunderneaththebushessurroundingourtable.Typically，aftersuchanoisyinterruption，Iwouldhavesnapped，“Let’swaituntilhe’sfinished！”thenfallensilent.Whentheroar(吼叫)eventuallyfaded，myroarwouldhavedrained(消耗)theconversationofanywarmth.Ittroubledmethatevenapassingdistraction(分心)couldsoeasilytakemefromenjoyinglunchwithagoodfriendtoaplacethatgavemenopleasureatall.Iwantedthismealtobedifferent.Myyearsingymshadtaughtmetoshakeoffpainsandotherdistractions，neverpermittingthemtostopmyworkoutorrun.Idecidedtotreatthenoisethisway.Icontinuedtalkingwithmyfriend，challengingmyselftohearthenoise，buttoholditatadistance.Thedisciplinewassofamiliartomeinthegym—thistimeappliedtomymind—provedequallyeffectiveintherestaurant.ItwasasthoughIhadtakenmybraintoamentalfitnesscenter.Learningtoignorealeafblower’sroarhardlyequipsmetofindcontentmentduringmypassageintoever-deeperoldage.ButIleftthelunchfeelingIhadatleasttakenasmallfirststepinchangingbehaviorthatstoodinthewayofthatcontentment.CouldIemploythatsamedisciplinetoacceptwithdignitytheinevitabledeclineawaitingmelikethefinishline?HopingthatcontentmentwillguidemeasImakemywayalongthepathyettobetraveled.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，作者在88歲的時候仍然經(jīng)常到健身房里鍛煉，希望自己可以坦然地面對人生終點。但是朋友的話讓他感覺自己需要在精神上要做出適當調(diào)整來接受變老的事實。65.Theauthor’squestioninParagraph1impliesthat.A.hehasneverbelievedthenecessityofmindtrainingB.hehasrealizedheshouldmentallyprepareforagingC.hefeelsregretfornotsharpeninghisthinkingskillsD.hefeelsunsatisfiedwiththeresultofthebraingames答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“I’vebeentrainingmybodytomeetthedemandsofthisfinalstretch.But，Iwonder，shouldIhaveaskedmoreofmymind？”可知，到晚年的時候，“我”在身體上已經(jīng)做好了準備，但是在精神上還沒有準備好。故B項正確。66.Theauthoruseshisfriendsasexamplesto.A.stressagingisanunavoidablestageoflifetofaceB.indicatethatpeopleseelifefrommanydifferentanglesC.proveit’ssignificanttobesurroundedwithpositivefriendsD.showit’simportanttotakehealthseriouslyinasensibleway答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容和第五段第一句可知，“我”的朋友坦然接受自己年老，慶幸自己沒有死去而僅僅是眼睛看不見了，這讓“我”意識到“我”可能沒有勇氣直面老去這個事實。故A項正確。67.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sfriendmentionedinParagraph4?A.Hefearsthathisillnesswillbecomeworse.B.Hetakesphysicalillnessesastheycome.C.Heneedstofindawaythroughthosehardships.D.Heseeslifeasaseriesofdisappointments.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，“我”的朋友告訴“我”腦部疾病讓他看不見了，同時還可能會讓他死亡。而“我”卻沒有勇氣說這樣的話，說明“我”的朋友很平靜地接受疾病。故B項正確。68.Afterthatrecentlunch，theauthorrealizedthat.A.distractionswerenotuncommonineverydaylifeB.therestaurantwasnotanidealplaceforeatingC.hisroarhadspoiledthefriendlyconversationD.hehadmadesmallchangestoadapttoaging答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，作者在這頓午餐以后，對變老有了更深的理解，在行為習慣上做出了小小的改變。故D項正確。69.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsexercisingintheend?A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent.C.Positive. D.Ambiguous.答案C解析觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第八段第一句可知，作者多年來在健身房里的鍛煉教會了他擺脫痛苦和其他分心的事情。這說明他對鍛煉持積極的態(tài)度。故C項正確。70.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.OldAgeCurseandBlessingB.TheSecrettoAgingWellC.BenefitsofRegularExerciseD.NeverTooOldtoLearn答案B解析標題歸納題。本文是一篇記敘文，作者在88歲的時候仍然經(jīng)常到健身房里鍛煉，希望自己可以坦然地面對人生終點。但是朋友的話讓他感覺自己需要在精神上要做出適當調(diào)整來接受變老的事實。故B項正確。第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。UnlessyouarelikeNastyGal’sfounderSophiaAmoruso，thepasswordsyouusetoaccessyouremailandtheendlessotheraccountsyouneedforworkaren’tfilledwithintention.Withincreasingsecurityrequirements，it’slikelyyourword/numbercombinationsarebecomingevenlessmemorable.Butnewresearchsuggestsitmaynotbelongbeforeyouwon’tneedtomemorizepasswords.“Brainprint”，publishedinNeurocomputing，revealsthatthebrain’sreactiontocertainwordscouldbeauniqueidentifyingcode—likeafingerprint—thatcouldeventuallyreplacepasswords.Inasmallexperiment，theresearchersmeasuredthebrains’signalsof45volunteersastheyreadthroughalistof75acronymssuchasFBIandDVD.Theword-recognitionresponsedifferedsomuchbetweeneachparticipantthatasecondexperimentusingacomputerprogramcouldidentifyeachonewith94%accuracy.It’snotenoughtofeeltotallysecure，butpromisingenoughtohintatthefutureofsecuringsensitiveinformation.Theadvantageofusingsuchabiometricsystem(生物識別系統(tǒng))isthatitcanbeusedforcontinuousverification(驗證)，NewScientistpointsout.Passwordsorfingerprintsonlyprovideatoolforone-offidentification.Continuousverificationcouldintheoryallowsomeonetointeractwithmanycomputersystemsatthesametimeorevenwithavarietyofintelligentobjects，withouthavingtorepeatedlyenterpasswordsforeachdevice.AsHollywoodhasillustrated，it’ssimplyamatterofcuttingoffafingertostealthatperson’sidentity.“Brainprints，ontheo