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2013年江蘇省高考英語復(fù)習(xí)資料之背誦
新概念三Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard"家丑"
Weoftenreadinnovelshowaseeminglyrespectablepersonorfamilyhas
someterriblesecretwhichhasbeenconcealedfromstrangersforyears.The
Englishlanguagepossessesavividsayingtodescribethissortofsituation.The
terriblesecretiscalled'askeletoninthecuDboard'.Atsomedramaticmomentin
thestory,theterriblesecretbecomesknownandareputationisruined.Thereader's
hairstandsonendwhenhereadsinthefinalpagesofthenovelthattheheroine,a
dearoldladywhohadalwaysbeensokindtoeverybody,had,inheryouth,poisoned
everyoneofherfivehusbands.
Itisallverywellforsuchthinast。occurinfiction.Tovaryingdegrees,weall
havesecretswhichwedonotwantevenourclosestfriendstolearn,butfewofus
haveskeletonsinthecupboard.TheonlypersonIknowwhohasaskeletoninthe
cupboardisGeorgeCarlton,andheisverycroudofthefact.Georgestudied
medicineinhisyouth.Insteadofbecomingadoctor,however,hebecamea
successfulwriterofdetectivestories.Ioncespentanuncomfortableweekend
whichIshallneverforgetathishouse.Georgeshowedmetotheguestroomwhich,
hesaid,wasrarelyused.Hetoldmetounpackmythingsandthencomedownto
dinner.AfterIhadstackedmyshirtsandunderclothesintwoemptydrawers,I
decidedtohangoneofthetwosuitsIhadbroughtwithmeinthecupboard.Iopened
thecupboarddoorandthenstoodinfrontofitpetrified.Askeletonwasdangling
beforemyeyes.Thesuddenmovementofthedoormadeitswayslightlyanditgave
metheimpressionthatitwasabouttoleapoutatme.Droppingmysuit,Iclashed
downstairstotellGeorge.Thiswasworsethanlaterriblesecret';thiswasareal
skeleton!ButGeorgewasunsympathetic.Oh,that,'hesaidwithasmileasifhe
weretalkingaboutanoldfriend.'That'sSebastian.YouforgetthatIwasamedical
studentonceuponatime."
參考譯文
在小說中,我們經(jīng)常讀到一個表面上受人尊重的人物或家族,卻有著某種多年不為
人所知的駭人聽聞的秘密。英語中有一個生動的說法來形容這種情況。驚人的秘密被稱
作“柜中骷髏,在小說的某個戲劇性時刻,可怕的秘密泄漏出來,接著便是某人的聲譽(yù)
掃地。當(dāng)讀者讀到小說最后幾頁了解到書中女主人公,那位一向待大家很好的可愛的老
婦人年輕時一連毒死了她的5個丈夫時,不禁會毛骨悚然。
這種事發(fā)生在小說中是無可非議的。盡管我們?nèi)巳硕加懈鞣N大小秘密,連最親密的
朋友都不愿讓他們知道,但我們當(dāng)中極少有人有柜中骷髏。我所認(rèn)識的唯一的在柜中藏
骷髏的人便是喬治?卡爾頓,他甚至引以為自豪。喬治年輕時學(xué)過醫(yī),然而,他后來沒
當(dāng)上醫(yī)生,卻成了一位成功的偵探小說作家。有一次,我在他家里度周末,過得很不愉
快。這事我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記。喬治把我領(lǐng)進(jìn)客房,說這間房間很少使用。他讓我打開行裝
后下樓吃飯。我將襯衫、內(nèi)衣放進(jìn)兩個空抽屜里,然后我想把隨身帶來的兩套西服中的
一套掛到大衣柜里去。我打開柜門,站在柜門前一下子驚呆了。一具骷髏懸掛在眼前,
由于柜門突然打開,它也隨之輕微搖晃起來,讓我覺得它好像馬上要跳出柜門朝我撲過
來似的。我扔下西服沖下樓去告訴喬治。這是比“駭人聽聞的秘密”更加驚人的東西,這
是一具真正的骷髏啊!但喬治卻無動于衷。“噢,是它呀!他笑著說道,儼然在談?wù)撘?/p>
位老朋友。“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是學(xué)醫(yī)的了?!?/p>
Lesson33Adaytoremember難忘的一天
Wehaveallexperienceddayswheneverythinggoeswrong.Adaymaybegin
wellenough,butsuddenlyeverythingseemstogetoutofcontrol.Whatinvariably
happensisthataareatnumberofthinaschoosetoa。wronaatpreciselythesame
momentItisasifasingleunimportanteventsetupachainofreactions.Letus
supposethatyouarepreparingamealandkeepinganeyeonthebabyatthesame
time.Thetelephoneringsandthismarksthepreludetoanunforeseenseriesof
catastrophes.Whileyouareonthephone,thebabypullsthetableclothoffthetable,
smashinghalfyourbestcrockeryandcuttinghimselfintheprocess.Youhangup
hurriedlyandattendtobaby,crockery,etc.Meanwhile,themealgetsburnt.Asif
thiswerenotenouahtoreducevoutotears,yourhusbandarrives,unexpectedly
bringingthreegueststodinner.
Thingscangowrongonabigscale,asanumberofpeoplerecentlydiscovered
inParramatta,asuburbofSydney.Duringtherushhouroneeveningtwocars
collidedandbothdriversbegantoargue.Thewomanimmediatelybehindthetwo
carshappenedtobealearner.Shesuddenlygotintoapanicandstoppedhercar.
Thismadethedriverfollowingherbrakehard.Hiswifewassittingbesidehimholding
alargecake.Asshewasthrownforward,thecakewentrightthroughthewindscreen
andlandedontheroad.Seeingacakeflyingthroughtheair,alorry-driverwhowas
drawingupalongsidethecar,pulledupallofasudden.Thelorrywasloadedwith
emptybeerbottlesandhundredsofthemslidoffthebackofthevehicleandontothe
road.Thisledtoyetanotherangryargument.Meanwhile,thetrafficpiledupbehind.
Ittookthepolicenearlyanhourtogetthetrafficonthemoveagain.Inthemeantime,
thelorrydriverhadtosweepuphundredsofbrokenbottles.Onlytwostraydogs
benefitedfromallthisconfusion,fortheygreedilydevouredwhatwasleftofthe
cake.Itwasjustoneofthosedays!
我們大家都有過事事不順心的日子。一天開始時,可能還不錯,但突然間似乎一切
都失去了控制。情況經(jīng)常是這樣的,許許多多的事情都偏偏趕在同一時刻出問題,好像
是一件無關(guān)緊要的小事引起了一連串的連鎖反應(yīng)。假設(shè)你在做飯,同時又在照看孩子。
這時電話鈴響了,它預(yù)示著一連串意想不到的災(zāi)難的來臨。就在你接電話時,孩子把桌
布從桌子上扯了下來,將家中最好的陶瓷餐具半數(shù)摔碎,同時也弄傷了他自己。你急急
忙忙掛上電話,趕去照看孩子和餐具。這時,飯又燒糊了。好像這一切還不足以使你急
得掉淚,你的丈夫接著回來了,事先沒打招呼就帶來3個客人吃飯。
就像許多人最近在悉尼郊區(qū)帕拉馬塔所發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣,有時亂子會鬧得很大。一天傍
晚交通最擁擠時,一輛汽車撞上前面一輛汽車,兩個司機(jī)爭吵起來。緊跟其后的?輛車
上的司機(jī)碰巧是個初學(xué)者,她一驚之下突然把車停了下來。她這一停使得跟在后頭的司
機(jī)也來了個急剎車。司機(jī)的妻子正坐在他身邊,手里托著塊大蛋糕。她往前一沖,蛋糕
從擋風(fēng)玻璃飛了出去掉在馬路上。此時,--輛卡車正好從后邊開到那輛汽車邊上,司機(jī)
看見一-塊蛋糕從天而降,緊急剎車??ㄜ嚿涎b著空啤酒瓶,成百只瓶子順勢從卡車后面
滑出車外落在馬路上。這又引起了一場唇槍舌劍的爭吵。與此同時,后面的車輛排成了
長龍,警察花了將近一個小時才使車輛又開起來。在這段時間里,卡車司機(jī)不得不清掃
那兒百只破瓶子。只有兩只野狗從這一片混亂中得到了好處,它們貪婪地吃掉了剩下的
蛋糕。這就是事事不順心的那么一天!
Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸運(yùn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)
Antiqueshopsexertapeculiarfascinationonagreatmanypeople.Themore
expensivekindofantiqueshopwhererareobjectsarebeautifullydisplayedinglass
casestokeepthemfreefromdustisusuallyaforbiddingplace.Butnoonehasto
musterupcouragetoenteralesspretentiousantiqueshop.Thereisalwayshope
thatinitslabyrinthofmustvdark,disorderedroomsarealrahtywillbefound
amonastthepilesofassortediunkthatlitterthefloors.
Noonediscoversararitybychance.Atrulydedicatedbargainhuntermust
havepatience,andaboveall,theabilitytorecognizetheworthofsomethingwhen
heseesit.Todothis,hemustbeatleastasknowledgeableasthedealer.Likea
scientistbentonmakingadiscovery,hemustcherishthehopethatonedayhewill
beamplyrewarded.
Myoldfriend,FrankHalliday,isjustsuchaperson.Hehasoftendescribedto
mehowhepickedupamasterpieceforamere£50.OneSaturdaymorning,Frank
visitedanantiqueshopinmyneighbourhood.Ashehadneverbeentherebefore,he
foundaareatdealtointeresthim.ThemorningpassedrapidlyandFrankwas
abouttoleavewhenhenoticedalargepackingcaselyingonthefloor.Thedealer
toldhimthatithadiustcomein,butthathecouldnotbebotheredtoopenit.Frank
beggedhimtodosoandthedealerreluctantlypriseditopen.Thecontentswere
disappointing.Apartfromaninteresting-lookingcarveddagger,theboxwasfullof
crockery,muchofitbroken.Frankgentlyliftedthecrockeryoutoftheboxand
suddenlynoticedaminiaturepaintingatthebottomofthepackingcase.Asits
CompositionandlineremindedhimofanItalianpaintingheknewwell,hedecided
tobuyit.Glancingatitbriefly,thedealertoldhimthatitwasworth£50.Frankcould
hardlyconcealhisexcitement,forheknewthathehadmadearealdiscovery.The
tinypaintingprovedtobeanunknownmasterpiecebyCorreggioandwasworth
hundredsofthousandsofpounds.
古玩店對許多人來說有一種特殊的魅力。高檔一點(diǎn)的古玩店為了防塵,把文物漂亮
地陳列在玻璃柜子里,那里往往令人望而卻步。而對不太裝腔作勢的古玩店,無論是誰
都不用壯著膽子才敢往里進(jìn)。人們還常常有希望在發(fā)霉、陰暗、雜亂無章、迷宮般的店
堂里,從雜亂地擺放在地面上的、一堆堆各式各樣的破爛貨里找到一件稀世珍品。
無論是誰都不會一下子就發(fā)現(xiàn)一件珍品。一個到處找便宜貨買的人必須具有耐心,
而且最重要的是看到珍品時要有鑒別珍品的能力。要做到這一點(diǎn),他至少要像古董商一
樣懂行。他必須像一個專心致志進(jìn)行探索的科學(xué)家那樣抱有這樣的希望,即終有一天,
他的努力會取得豐碩的成果。
我的老朋友弗蘭克?哈利戴正是這樣一個人。他多次向我詳細(xì)講他如何只花50英鎊
便買到一位名家的杰作。一個星期六的上午,弗蘭克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。由于
他從未去過那兒,結(jié)果他發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多有趣的東西。上午很快過去了,弗蘭克正準(zhǔn)備離去,
突然看見地板上放著一只體積很大的貨箱。古董商告訴他那只貨箱剛到不久,但他嫌麻
煩不想把它打開。經(jīng)弗蘭克懇求,古董商才勉強(qiáng)把貨箱撬開了。箱內(nèi)東西令人失望。除
了一柄式樣別致、雕有花紋的匕首外,貨箱內(nèi)裝滿了陶器,而且大部分都已破碎。弗蘭
克輕輕地把陶器拿出箱子,突然發(fā)現(xiàn)在箱底有一幅微型畫,畫面構(gòu)圖與線條使他想起了
?幅他所熟悉的意大利畫,于是他決定將畫買下來。古董商漫不經(jīng)心看了--眼那幅畫,
告訴弗蘭克那畫值50英鎊。弗蘭克兒乎無法掩飾自己興奮的心情,因為他明白自己發(fā)
現(xiàn)了一件珍品。那幅不大的畫原來是柯勒喬的一幅未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的杰作,價值幾十萬英鎊。
Lesson40Who'swho真假難辨
IthasneverbeenexWainedwhyuniversestudentsseemtoenjovpractical
jokesmorethananyoneelse.Studentsspecializeinaparticulartypeofpractical
joke:thehoax.Invitinathefirebriaadetoputoutanonexistentfireisacrudeformof
deceptionwhichnoself-respectinqstudentwouldeverindulaein.Studentsoften
createamusingsituationswhicharefunnytoeveryoneexceptthevictims.
Whenastudentrecentlysawtwoworkmenusingapneumaticdrilloutsidehis
university,heimmediatelytelephonedthepoliceandinformedthemthattwo
studentsdressedupasworkmenweretearinguptheroadwithapneumaticdrill.As
soonashehadhungup,hewentovertotheworkmenandtoldthemthatifa
policemanorderedthemtogoaway,theywerenottotakehimseriously.Headded
thatastudenthaddressedupasapolicemanandwasplayingallsortsofsillyjokes
onpeople.Boththepoliceandtheworkmenwerearatefultothestudentforthis
pieceofadvanceinformation.
Thestudenthidinanarchwaynearbywherehecouldwatchandheareverything
thatwenton.Sureenough,apolicemanarrivedonthesceneandpolitelyaskedthe
workmentogoaway.Whenhereceivedaveryrudereplyfromoneoftheworkmen,
hethreatenedtoremovethembyforce.Theworkmentoldhimtodoashepleased
andthepolicemantelephonedforhelp.Shortlyafterwards,fourmorepolicemen
arrivedandremonstratedwiththeworkmen.Asthemenrefusedtostopworking,the
policeattemptedtoseizethepneumaticdrill.Theworkmenstruggledfiercelyand
oneofthemlosthistemper.Hethreatenedtocallthepolice.Atthis,thepolice
pointedoutironicallythatthiswouldhardlybenecessaryasthemenwerealready
underarrest.Pretendinatospeakseriously,oneoftheworkmenaskedifhemiaht
makeatelephonecallbeforebeinatakent。thestation.Permissionwasarantedand
apolicemanaccompaniedhimtoapavphone.Onlywhenhesawthatthemanwas
actuallytelephoninathepolicedidherealizethattheyhadallbeenthevictimsofa
hoax.
誰也弄不清為什么大學(xué)生好像比任何人都更喜歡惡作劇。大學(xué)生擅長一種特殊的惡
作劇——戲弄人。請消防隊來撲滅一場根本沒有的大火是一種低級騙局,有自尊心的大
學(xué)生決不會去做。大學(xué)生們常常做的是制造一種可笑的局面,使大家笑上一場,當(dāng)然受
害者是笑不出來的。
最近有個學(xué)生看見兩個工人在大學(xué)校門外用風(fēng)鉆干活,馬上打電話報告警察,說有
兩個學(xué)生裝扮成工人,正在用風(fēng)鉆破壞路面。掛上電話后,他又馬上來到工人那兒,告
訴他們?nèi)粲袀€警察來讓他們走開,不要把他當(dāng)回事;還對工人說,有個學(xué)生常裝扮成警
察無聊地同別人開玩笑。警察與工人都對那個學(xué)生事先通報情況表示感謝、
那學(xué)生躲在附近一拱形門廊里,在那兒可以看見、聽到現(xiàn)場發(fā)生的一切。果然,警
察來了,有禮貌地請工人離開此地;但其中一個工人粗魯?shù)鼗亓藘壕?。于是警察威脅要
強(qiáng)行使他們離開。工人說,悉聽尊便。警察去打電話叫人。一會兒工夫,又來了4個警
察,規(guī)勸工人離開。由于工人拒絕停下手中的活,警察想奪風(fēng)鉆。兩個工人奮力抗?fàn)帲?/p>
其中一個發(fā)了火,威脅說要去叫警察。警察聽后譏諷地說,這大可不必,因為他倆已被
逮捕了。其中一個工人裝模作樣地問道,在被帶往警察局之前,是否可以打一個電話。
警察同意了,陪他來到一個投幣電話前。當(dāng)他看到那個工人真的是給警察掛電話,才恍
然大悟,原來他們都成了一場騙局的受害者。
Lesson41IllusionsofPastoralPeace寧靜田園生活的遐想
TheauietHfeofthecountryhasneverappealedtome.Citybornandcitybred,I
havealwaysregardedthecountryassomethingyoulookatthroughatrainwindow,
orsomethingyouoccasionallyvisitduringtheweekend.Mostofmyfriendslivein
thecity,yettheyalwaysgointorapturesatthemerementionofthecountry.
Thoughtheyextolthevirtuesofthepeacefullife,onlyoneofthemhasevergoneto
liveinthecountryandhewasbackintownwithinsixmonths.Evenhestilllives
undertheillusionthatcountrylifeissomehowsuperiortotownlife.Heisforever
talkingaboutthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere,theclosenesstonature
andthegentlepaceofliving.Nothin。canbecompared,hemaintains,withthefirst
cockcrow,thetwitterinaofbirdsatdawn,thesiahtoftherisinasunalintinaonthe
treesandpastures.Thisidvllicpastoralsceneisonlypartofthepicture.Myfriend
failstomentionthelongandfriendlesswintereveningsinfrontoftheTV--virtually
theonlyformofentertainment.Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsin
theshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountryto
thecityeverydaytogettowork.Whypeoplearepreparedtotolerateafour-hour
journeyeachdayforthedubiousprivileaeoflivinainthecountryisbeyondme.They
couldbesavedsomuchmiseryandexpenseiftheychosetoliveinthecitywhere
theyrightlybelong.
Ifvoucand。withoutthefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,vouwillfindthe
citycanprovideyouwiththebestthatHecanoffer.Youneverhavetotravelmilesto
seeyourfriends.Theyinvariablylivenearbyandarealwaysavailableforan
informalchatoranevening'sentertainment.Someofmyacquaintancesinthe
countrycomeuptotownonceortwiceayeartovisitthetheatreasaspecialtreat.
Forthemthisisamajoroperationwhichinvolvesconsiderableplanning.Asthe
playdrawstoitsclose,theywonderwhethertheywillevercatchthatlasttrainhome.
Thecitydwellerneverexperiencesanxietiesofthissort.Thelatestexhibitions,films,
orplaysareonlyashortbusrideaway.Shopping,too,isalwaysapleasure.Thereis
somuchvarietythatyouneverhavetomakedowithsecondbest.Countrypeople
runwildwhentheyaoshoppinainthecityandstaaaerhomeloadedwithasmanyof
theexoticitemsastheycancarry.Noristhecitvwithoutitsmomentsofbeautv.
Thereissomethingcomfortingaboutthewarmglowshedbyadvertisementsoncold
wetwinternights.Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethat
descendsondesertedcitystreetsatweekendswhenthethousandsthattravelto
workeverydayaretuckedawayintheirhomesinthecountry.Ithasalwaysbeena
mvstervtomewhydtvdwellers,whoappreciateallthesethinas,obstinately
pretendthattheywouldprefertoliveinthecountry.
寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活從來沒有吸引過我。我生在城市,長在城市,總認(rèn)為鄉(xiāng)村是透過火
車車窗看到的那個樣子,或偶爾周末去游玩一下的景象。我的許多朋友都住在城市,但
他們只要一提起鄉(xiāng)村,馬上就會變得欣喜若狂。盡管他們都交口稱贊寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活的
種種優(yōu)點(diǎn),但其中只有一人真去農(nóng)村住過,而且不足6個月就回來了。即使他也仍存有
幻覺,好像鄉(xiāng)村生活就是比城市生活優(yōu)越。他滔滔不絕地大談友好的農(nóng)民,潔凈的空氣,
貼近大自然的環(huán)境和悠閑的生活節(jié)奏。他堅持認(rèn)為,凌晨雄雞第一聲啼叫,黎明時分小
鳥吱喳歡叫,冉冉升起的朝陽染紅樹木、牧場,此番美景無與倫比。但這種田園詩般的
鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光僅僅是一個側(cè)面。我的朋友沒有提到在電視機(jī)前度過的漫長寂寞的冬夜——電
視是唯一的娛樂形式。他也不說商店貨物品種單調(diào),以及那些每天不得不從鄉(xiāng)下趕到城
里工作的不幸的人們。人們?yōu)槭裁辞樵该刻煸诼飞媳疾?個小時去換取值得懷疑的鄉(xiāng)間
的優(yōu)點(diǎn),我是無法理解的。要是他們愿意住在本來屬于他們的城市,則可以讓他們省去
諸多不便與節(jié)約大量開支。
如果你愿舍棄鄉(xiāng)下生活那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)樂趣的話,那么你會發(fā)現(xiàn)城市可以為你提供生活中
最美好的東西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好兒英里,因為他們都住在附近,你隨時可以
同他們聊天或在晚上一起娛樂。我在鄉(xiāng)村有一些熟人,他們每年進(jìn)城來看一回或幾回戲,
并把此看作一種特殊的享受??磻蛟谒麄兪羌笫?,需要精心計劃。當(dāng)戲快演完時,他
們又為是否能趕上末班火車回家而犯愁。這種焦慮,城里人是從未體驗過的。坐公共汽
車兒站路,就可看到最新的展覽、電影、戲劇。買東西也是一?種樂趣。物品品種繁多,
從來不必用二等品來湊合。鄉(xiāng)里人進(jìn)城采購欣喜若狂,每次回家時都買足了外來商品,
直到拿不動方才罷休,連走路都搖搖晃晃的。城市也并非沒有良辰美景。寒冷潮濕的冬
夜里,廣告燈箱發(fā)出的暖光,會給人某種安慰。周末,當(dāng)成千上萬進(jìn)城上班的人回到了
他們的鄉(xiāng)間寓所之后,空曠的街市籠罩著i種寧靜的氣氛,沒有什么能比此時的寧靜更
令人難忘了。城里人對這一切心里很明白,卻偏要執(zhí)拗地裝出他們喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)村的樣子,
這對我來說一直是個謎。
Lesson43Fullyinsured全保險
Insurancecompaniesarenormallywillinat。insureanythin。.Insuringpublicor
privatepropertyisastandardpracticeinmostcountriesintheworld.If,however,you
wereholdinganopenairgardenpartyorafeteitwouldbeequallypossibletoinsure
yourselfintheeventofbadweather.Needlesstosay,thebiggertheriskan
insurancecompanytakes,thehigherthepremiumyouwillhavetopay.Itisnot
uncommontohearthatashippinacompanyhasmadeaclaimforthecostof
salvaainaasunkenship.Buttheclaimmadebyalocalauthoiitnt。recoverthecost
ofsalvaainaasunkenpiedishmustsurelybeuniaue.
Admittedlyitwasanunusualpiedish,foritwaseighteenfeetlongandsixfeet
wide.Ithadbeenpurchasedbyalocalauthoritysothatanenormouspiecouldbe
bakedforanannualfair.Thepiecommitteedecidedthatthebestwaytotransport
thedishwouldbebycanal,sotheyinsureditforthetrip.Shortlyafteritwaslaunched,
thepiecommitteewenttoalocalinntocelebrate.Atthesametime,anumberof
teenagersclimbedontothedishandheldalittlepartyoftheirown.Dancinaproved
t。bemorethanthedishcouldbear,fordurinathepartyitcapsizedandsankin
sevenfeetofwater.
Thepiecommitteetelephonedalocalgarageownerwhoarrivedinarecovery
trucktosalvagethepiedish.Shiverinaintheirwetclothes,theteenaaerslookedon
whilethreemendivedrepeatedlyintothewatert。locatethedish.Theyhadlittle
difficultyinfindingit,buthaulingitoutofthewaterprovedtobeaseriousproblem.
Thesidesofthedishweresosmooththatitwasalmostimpossibletoattachhawsers
andchainstotherimwithoutdamaainait.Eventuallychainswerefixedtooneendof
thedishandapowerfulwinchwasputintooperation.Thedishrosetothesurface
andwasgentlydrawntowardsthecanalbank.Foroneagonizingmoment,thedish
wasperchedprecariouslyonthebankofthecanal,butitsuddenlyoverbalanced
andslidbackintothewater.Themenwerenowobligedtotryoncemore.Thistime
theyfixedheavymetalclampstobothsidesofthedishsothattheycouldfastenthe
chains.Thedishnowhadtobeliftedverticallybecauseoneedgewasresting
againstthesideofthecanal.Thewinchwasagainputintooperationandoneofthe
menstartedupthetruck.Severalminuteslater,thedishwassuccessfullyhauled
abovethesurfaceofthewater.Waterstreamedintorrentsoveritssideswithsuch
forcethatitsetupahugewaveinthecanal.Therewasadanaerthatthewave
wouldreboundofftheothersideofthebankandsendthedishplunainqintothe
wateraaain.Byworkingattremendousspeed,themenmanagedtogetthedishon
todrylandbeforethewavereturned.
保險公司一般說來愿意承保一切東西。承辦公共財產(chǎn)或私人財產(chǎn)保險是世界上大部
分國家的正常業(yè)務(wù)。如果你要舉辦一次露天游園會或盛宴,為避免碰上不好的天氣而遭
受損失也同樣可以保險。不用說,保險公司承擔(dān)風(fēng)險越大,你付的保險費(fèi)也就越高。航
運(yùn)公司為打撈沉船而提出索賠,這是常有的事,但某地當(dāng)局為打撈一只焙制餡餅的盤子
提出索賠,倒是件新鮮事兒。
這個餡餅盤子確實少見,有18英尺長,6英尺寬。某地方當(dāng)局買下它用來焙制一
個巨大的餡餅為一年一度交易會助興。餡餅委員會確認(rèn)運(yùn)輸這只盤子的最佳方案是通過
運(yùn)河水運(yùn)。于是,他們對這只盤子的運(yùn)輸安全投了保。盤子下水后不久,餡餅委員會成
員們來到當(dāng)?shù)匾患倚【频陸c賀。就在這個時候,許多十兒歲的孩子爬上盤子舉行他們自
己的集會。他們跳起了舞,盤子難以承受。舞會進(jìn)行過程中,盤子傾覆,沉入了7英尺
深的水中。
餡餅委員會給當(dāng)?shù)仄囆蘩韼炖习宕螂娫?,他聞訊后開著一輛急修車前來打撈盤
子。那些孩子們穿著濕衣服哆嗦,看著3個工人輪番潛入水中以確定盤子的位置。他們
沒費(fèi)多大事兒就找到了盤子,可是把盤子撈出卻是一個很大的難題。盤子四邊十分光滑,
要在盤邊拴上繩索或鏈條而同時又不損壞它是很難辦到的。不過,他們終于將鏈條固定
在盤子的一端,一臺大功率的絞車開動起來。盤子慢慢浮出水面,被輕輕地拽向運(yùn)河岸
邊。在令人忐忑不安的瞬間,盤子晃晃悠悠地上了岸,但它突然失去了平衡,又跌回水
中。工人們只得再來一次。這次,他們用沉重的金屬夾子把盤子夾住,以便往盤子上安
裝鐵鏈。這次,盤子必須垂直吊出水面,因為盤子的一邊緊靠著運(yùn)河河岸。絞盤機(jī)再次
啟動,一位工人發(fā)動了急修車的引擎。幾分鐘后,盤子被成功地拽出了水面。波浪從盤
子兩側(cè)急涌而出,在運(yùn)河里掀起一股大浪。但是當(dāng)波浪從河對岸折回來時,就有再次把
盤子拖進(jìn)水里的危險。工人們動作迅速,終于趕在那股大浪返回之前把盤子拽到了岸上。
Lesson44Speedandcomfort又快捷又舒適
People,travelinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywould
prefertogobyland,sea,orair.Hardlyanyonecanpositivelyenjoysittinginatrain
formorethanafewhours.Traincompartmentssoongetcrampedandstuffy.Itis
almostimpossibletotakeyourmindoffthejourney.Readingisonlyapartial
solution,forthemonotonousrhythmofthewheelsclickingontherailssoonlullsyou
tosleep.Duringtheday,sleepcomesinsnatches.Atnight,whenyoureallywishto
gotosleep,yourarelymanagetodoso.Ifyouareluckyenoughtogetasleeper,you
spendhalfthenightstaringatthesmallbluelightintheceiling,orfumblingtofind
yourticketforinspection.Inevitablyyouarriveatyourdestinationalmostexhausted.
Lonacarjourneysareevenlesspleasant,foritisquiteimpossibleeventoread.On
motorwaysyoucan,atleast,travelfairlysafelyathighspeeds,butmoreoftenthan
not,thegreaterpartofthejourneyisspentonroadswithfewservicestationsandtoo
muchtraffic.Bvcomparison,ferrytripsorcruisesofferaareatvarietyofcivilized
comforts.Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,meet
interestingpeopleandenjoygoodfood--alwaysassuming,ofcourse,thattheseais
calm.Ifitisnot,andyouarelikelyt。aetseasick,n。formoftransportcouldbeworse.
Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.Relativelyfew
peoplearepreparedtosacrificeholidaytimeforthepleasureoftravellingbvsea.
Aeroplaneshavethereputationofbeinadanaerousandevenhardened
travellersareintimidatedbythem.Theyalsohavethedisadvantageofbeingan
expensiveformoftransport.Butnothingcanmatchthemforspeedandcomfort.
Travellingataheightof30,000feet,farabovetheclouds,andatover500milesan
hourisanexhilaratingexperience.Youdonothavet。devisewavsoftakinayour
mindofftheiournevforanaeroplanegetsyoutoyourdestinationrapidly.Forafew
hours,yousettlebackinadeeparmchairtoenjoytheflight.Therealescapistcan
watchafilmandsipchampagneonsomeservices.Butevenwhensuch
refinementsarenotavailable,thereisplentytokeepyouoccupied.Anaeroplane
offersyouanunusualandbreathtakingviewoftheworld.Yousoareffortlesslyover
highmountainsanddeepvalleys.Youreallyseetheshapeoftheland.Ifthe
landscapeishiddenfromview,youcanenjoytheextraordinarysightofunbroken
cloudplainsthatstre忙houtformilesbeforeyou,whilethesunshinesbrilliantlyina
clearsky.Thejourneyissosmooththatthereisnothin。topreventyoufromreadina
orsleepina.Howeveryoudecidetospendyourtime,onethingiscertain:youwill
arriveatyourdestinationfreshanduncrumpled.Youwillnothavetospendthenext
fewdaysrecoverinqfromaIonaandarduousiournev.
出遠(yuǎn)門的人常常需要決定是走旱路、水路,還是坐飛機(jī)。很少有人能夠真正喜歡坐
幾個小時以上的火車。車廂很快就變得擁擠、悶熱,想擺脫開旅途的困擾是很難的???/p>
書只能解決部分問題。車輪與鐵軌間單調(diào)的嘎喳聲很快就會送你進(jìn)入夢鄉(xiāng)。白天是忽睡
忽醒,到了夜晚,你真想睡了,卻很難入睡。即使你走運(yùn)弄到一個臥鋪,夜間有一半時
間你會盯著車頂那盞小藍(lán)燈而睡不著覺;要不然就為查票摸索你的車票。一旦抵達(dá)目的
地,你總是疲憊不堪。乘汽車作長途旅行則更加不舒服,因為連看書都幾乎不可能。在
公路上還好,你至少能以相當(dāng)快的速度安全地向前行。但旅行的大部分時間都花在路上,
而且只有很少的服務(wù)設(shè)施,交通也很擁擠。相比之下,坐船旅行或環(huán)游可以得到文明世
界的各種享受。你可以在甲板上伸展四肢、做游戲,還能見到各種有趣的人,能享用各
種美味佳肴——當(dāng)然,這一切只有在大海風(fēng)平浪靜的情況下才有可能。如果大海肆虐起
來,你就可能暈船,那種難受勁兒是任何一種別的旅行方式都不會帶來的。即便風(fēng)平浪
靜,坐船旅行也要占用很長時間。沒有多少人會為了享受坐船旅行的樂趣而犧牲假期的
時間。
飛機(jī)以危險而著稱,連老資格的旅行者也怕飛機(jī)。飛機(jī)的另一個缺點(diǎn)是昂貴。但就
速度與舒適而言,飛機(jī)是無與倫比的。騰云駕霧,在3萬英尺高空以500英里的時速
旅行,這種經(jīng)歷令人心曠神怡。你不必想辦法去擺脫旅途的困擾,因為飛機(jī)會迅速地把
你送到目的地。幾小時之內(nèi),你躺在扶手椅上,享受著旅途的歡樂。真正會享受的人還
可以在某些航班上看一場電影和喝香檳。即使沒有這些消遣條件,也總是有事可做。飛
機(jī)上,你可以觀察世界上非同尋常的奇妙的美景。你毫不費(fèi)勁地飛越高山幽谷,你確能
飽覽大地的風(fēng)貌。如果這種景色被遮住了,你便可以觀賞一下展現(xiàn)在你面前的、一望數(shù)
英里的、連綿不斷的云海,同時陽光燦爛,天空清澈明朗。旅途平穩(wěn),絲毫不妨礙你閱
讀或睡眠。不管你打算如何消磨時間,有件事是可以肯定的,即當(dāng)你抵達(dá)目的地時,你
感到精神煥發(fā),毫無倦意,用不著因為漫長旅途的辛苦而花兒天時間休息來恢復(fù)精神。
Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新聞報道的威力
Indemocraticcountriesanyeffortstorestrictthefreedomofthepressare
rightlycondemned.However,thisfreedomcaneasilybeabused.Storiesabout
peopleoftenattractfarmorepublicattentionthanpoliticalevents.Thoughwemay
enjoyreadingaboutthelivesofothers,itisextremelydoubtfulwhetherwewould
equallyenjoyreadingaboutourselves.Actinaonthecontentionthatfactsaresacred,
reporterscancauseuntoldsufferinat。individualsbypublishinqdetailsabouttheir
privatelives.Newspapersexertsuchtremendousinfluencethattheycannotonly
bringaboutmajorchangestothelivesofordinarypeoplebutcanevenoverthrowa
government.
Thestoryofapoorfamilythatacquiredfameandfortuneovernight,
dramaticallyillustratesthepowerofthepress.ThefamilylivedinAberdeen,asmall
townof23,000inhabitantsinSouthDakota.Astheparentshadfivechildren,life
wasaperpetualstruggleagainstpoverty.Theywereexpectingtheirsixthchildand
werefacedwithevenmorepressingeconomicproblems.Iftheyhadonlyhadone
morechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.Theywouldhavecontinuedto
struggleagainsteconomicoddsandwouldhavelivedinobscurity.Butthey
suddenlybecametheparentsofquintuplets,fourgirlsandaboy,aneventwhich
radicallychangedtheirlives.Thedayafterthebirthofthefivechildren,anaeroWane
arrivedinAberdeenbringingsixtyreportersandphotographers.
Therisetofamewasswift.Televisioncamerasandnewspaperscarriedthe
newstoeveryoneinthecountry.Newspapersandmagazinesofferedthefamilyhuge
sumsfortheexclusiverightstopublishstoriesandphotographs.Giftspouredinnot
onlyfromunknownpeople,butfrombabyfoodandsoapmanufacturerswho
wishedtoadvertisetheirproducts.Theoldfarmhousethefamilylivedinwastobe
replacedbyanew$500,000home.Reporterskeptpressingforinterviewsso
lawyershadtobeemployedtoactasspokesmenforthefamilyatpressconferences.
Whilethefivebabieswerestillquietlysleepinginoxygententsinahospitalnursery,
theirparentswerepayingthepriceforfame.Itwouldneveragainbepossiblefor
themtoleadnormallives.Theyhadbecomethevictimsofcommercialization,for
theirnameshadacquiredamarketvalue.Insteadofbeingfivenewfamilymembers,
thesechildrenhadimmediatelybecomeacommodity.
在民主國家里,任何限制新聞自由的企圖都理所當(dāng)然地受到譴責(zé)。然而,這種自由
很容易被濫用。常人軼事往往比政治事件更能引起公眾注意。我們都喜歡看關(guān)于別人生
活的報道,但是否同樣喜歡看關(guān)于自己生活的報道,就很難說了。記者按事實至上的論
點(diǎn)行事,發(fā)表有關(guān)別人私生活的細(xì)節(jié),有時會給當(dāng)事人造成極大的痛苦。新聞具有巨大
的威力。它們不僅可以給尋常人家的生活帶來重大的變化,甚至還能推翻一個政府。
下面這戶窮人一夜之間出名發(fā)財?shù)墓适聭騽⌒缘卣f明了新聞報道的威力。這戶人家
住在南達(dá)科他州一個人口為23,000的小鎮(zhèn)上,鎮(zhèn)名為阿拜丁。家里已有5個孩子,
全家人常年在貧困中掙扎。第6個孩子即將問世,他們面臨著更為嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。如
果他們只是添了1個孩子,這件事本來就不會引起任何人的注意。這家人會繼續(xù)為克服
經(jīng)濟(jì)上的拮據(jù)而奮斗,并默默無聞地活下去。但是他們出人意料地生了個五胞胎,4女
1男。這事使他們的生活發(fā)生了根本的變化。五胞胎降生第二天,一架飛機(jī)飛抵阿拜丁,
隨機(jī)帶來60名記者與攝影師。
這一家迅速出了名。電視攝像機(jī)和報紙把消息傳送到全國。報紙、雜志出高價向他
們購買文字、圖片的獨(dú)家報道權(quán)。不但素昧平生的人寄來了大量的禮物,而且嬰兒食品、
嬰兒肥皂制造廠商為了替自己產(chǎn)品做廣告也寄來了大量的禮物。這家人住的舊農(nóng)舍將由
一座價值50萬美元的新住宅所取代。由于記者紛紛要求會見,他們不得不請了律師充
當(dāng)他們家的發(fā)言人舉行記者招待會。眼下,五胞胎還靜靜地躺在醫(yī)院嬰兒室的氧氣帳里,
他們的父母卻為這名聲付出了代價,他們再也無法過正常的生活。他們成了商業(yè)化的受
害者,因為他們的名字具有了市場價值。這些孩子立即成了商品,而不是5個新的家庭
成員。
Lesson50NewYearresolutions新年的決心
TheNewYearisatimeforresolutions.Mentally,atleast,mostofuscould
compileformidablelistsof'dos'and'don'ts'.Thesameoldfavouritesrecuryearin
yearoutwithmonotonousregularity.Weresolvetogetupearliereachmorning,eat
less,findmoretimetoplaywiththechildren,doathousandandonejobsaboutthe
house,benicetopeoplewedon'tlike,drivecarefully,andtakethedogforawalk
everyday.Pastexperiencehastauahtusthatcertainaccomplishmentsarebeyond
attainment.Ifweremaininveteratesmokers,itisonlybecausewehavesooften
experiencedthefrustrationthatresultsfromfailure.Mostofusfailinoureffortsat
sehimprovementbecauseourschemesareto。ambitiousandweneverhavetime
tocarrythemout.Wealsomakethefundamentalerrorofannouncingour
resolutionstoeverybodys
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