外研版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊Unit5 Part2 Using language練習含答案

Unit5RevealingnaturePart2Usinglanguage基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Franklyspeaking,theairplanecrashcasta(巨大的)shadowontravellers.

2.Itisdistinctthatnothisteacherbutthestudenthimselfisto(責怪)forthefailureintheexam.

3.(2023福建福州月考)Visitorstothebasecanseethepandasintheirnaturalenvironmentandlearnabouttheirunique(特征).

4.Bycontrast,theconditionsintheschoolwerefairly(原始的),noelectricityandnobasicteachingtoolsavailable.

5.Itisreportedthatthenumberoftouriststothetouristattraction(減少)by10%lastyear.

6.ChinaTodayattractsawreadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.

Ⅱ.單元語法專練題型(一)1.Itwasthefirsttimethathe(meet)sostrangeaman.

2.Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit(start)whenIarrived.

3.Silk(become)oneoftheprimarygoodstradedalongtheSilkRoadbyabout100BC.

4.Theoldoaktreewhich(stand)intheyardfor300years,suddenlyfell.

5.I(hope)totakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasntabletogetaway.

6.Sarah(tell)thatshecouldbeBritainsnewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.

7.He(enter)theroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.

8.(2020江蘇)InsteadofgettingdowntoanewtaskasI(expect),heexaminedthepreviousworkagain.

9.Itwasreallytiresome!AssoonasI(put)thephonedown,itrangagain.

10.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey(drive)afewmorekilometers.

題型(二)WhentheTitanicwasbuilt,peoplethoughtitwouldneversink.So,whenit1(sink)onitsfirstjourney,thenewssurprisedeveryonegreatly.

TheTitanicsetsailfromEnglandonApril10,1912.Onthefifthdayofitsvoyage,whenit2(sail)atfullspeedtowardsNewYork,ithitaniceberg.Thecaptain,who3(receive)warningsabouticebergs,4(dismiss)thewarnings.At2:20am,theTitanicsankintothesea.It5(hit)anicebergjustovertwohoursbeforethedisaster.Morethan1,500peoplelosttheirlives,andonly710people6(survive).ExplorerRobertBallard7(search)fortheTitanicforyearsbeforehefoundit.Withhiscameras,Robertmanagedtogetphotosoftheholesalongthesideoftheshipwhich8(cause)ittosink.

1.2.3.

4.5.6.

7.8.

能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024成都樹德中學期中)Plantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves,andothersgeneratechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem—allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantpreparepreemptive(先發(fā)制人的)defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayed(噴灑)snailslime—aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong—ontosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme(酶),whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals.“Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked,”O(jiān)rrocksays.“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningsimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungrycaterpillars(毛蟲),whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.“Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,”saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.ThefindingthatasnailsapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,”Karbansays.“Theresearchwascomprehensive,”headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“Thatsthemillion-dollarquestion,”O(jiān)rrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillfindoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.1.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidontosoilneartomatoplantsto.

A.givethemawarningB.makethemgrowbetterC.keepplant-eatinganimalsawayD.informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger2.Whyistheexampleof“caterpillars”mentionedinParagraph3?A.Tointroduceanotheranimal.B.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals.D.Toanalyzedifferentresistancechemicals.3.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?A.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.B.Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WatchfulPlantsB.GreedyAnimalsC.ASnailsApproachD.DefenseAgainstanAttackⅡ.七選五(2023浙江A9協(xié)作體期中)WhyDoDogsRollintheGrass?Ifyourdogisanythinglikemine,shelovesrollingaroundinapatchofgrasswhenevershegetsachance.Anditalwayscracksmeuptowatchmydog,Nala,havethetimeofherlife.1Isshecoolingherselfoff?Isshejustsuperhappy?Whatcoulditbe?Herearesomeofthemostcommonexplanationsbehindthisbehavior.

2Itsimportanttorememberhowincrediblypowerfulyourdogsnoseis.Theyarepickinguponhundredsofsubtlescents(氣味)thatwecantevencomprehend!Sometimestheywanttoenjoyascenttheyvefoundinthegrassandwillrollaroundinittodojustthat.

Shescoolingherselfoff.3Itmightevenbealittlewetfromasprinkler—theperfectplaceforyourdogtocooloffin.

Shescoveringupherownscent.Theresanotherreasonwhyyourpupmayberollingaroundinthatpatchofgrass.Someexpertsholdtheviewthatdogsmayrollaroundinthegrasstocovertheirownscent.4

Shesscratchinganitch(撓癢).Itsgoodtoruleoutanyallergiesandmakesureyourdogisntrollingquicklytoscratchaconstantlyitchybackorside,butotherwise,itsprobablynormalthatsheshavingagoodtime.5Imnotsureaboutyou,butnowImeventhinkingaboutjoiningminenexttime.

A.Sheshavingfun.B.Shesenjoyingasmell.C.ButIvealwayswonderedwhysheactuallydoesit.D.Ifitsaparticularlyhotday,thegrassmaylookextraappealingtoyourdog.E.Itisnotuncommontoseedogsrollingaroundinthegrassatparticulartimesoftheyear.F.Inotherwords,theywanttosmellliketheenvironmentsotheydontscareoffprey(獵物).G.Ifyounoticeyourdogrollingaroundinthegrass,itsprobablyjustherhavingthebesttimeever.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2024四川涼山州安寧河聯(lián)盟期中)Manyyearsago,Ihadanunforgettableexperience.AsIwalkedthroughthefarmers1,myeyeswereimmediatelydrawntoabasketofstrangefruits,almostalien-lookingfruits.Theywereafarcryfromtheperfectlyshiny,roundthingswewereusedtoseeinginsupermarkets.Feelingcurious,I2thesellerandaskedaboutthesestrangefruits.

Witha3smile,thesellerexplainedthatthese4wereheirloomvarieties(傳家寶品種),whichwere5throughgenerations.Theymaynot6societysstandards(標準)ofbeauty,buttheirwonderfultastewas7bythosewhoenjoyedthetruenatureoffood.BecauseIwas8aboutthesellersenthusiasticexplanation,Idecidedtogivethematry.

Aswe9thestrangefruits,wefelttheywereincrediblydeliciousandmadeusfeelreallyhappy.Eachbitewasburstingwithanintensityoftastewehadnever10before.Thefruitswerejuicy,sweet,andpossessedthecomplexitythatstayedonourtongues.Itwasasiftheyheldtheveryessenceofnaturespresents.

Thisencountertaughtusa(n)11lessonabouttheimportanceoflookingbeyondthefruits12andembracingthebeautyof13.Inaworldfilledwithuniformity(一致性),wehad14thetruevalueofuniqueness.Theseuntraditionalfruitswereareminderthat15andqualityoftenexistintheunexpected.

1.A.houseB.fieldC.marketD.garden2.A.believedB.approachedC.punishedD.found3.A.bitterB.warmC.strangeD.cold4.A.fruitsB.plantsC.flowersD.trees5.A.lookedforB.talkedaboutC.givenupD.passeddown6.A.meetB.maintainC.generateD.break7.A.improvedB.suspectedC.appreciatedD.forgot8.A.nervousB.anxiousC.uneasyD.curious9.A.boughtB.ateC.harvestedD.grew10.A.experiencedB.rememberedC.likedD.covered11.A.boringB.meaninglessC.valuableD.imaginative12.A.qualityB.appearanceC.originD.price13.A.lifeB.simplicityC.artD.imperfection14.A.doubtedB.addedC.discoveredD.stressed15.A.colorB.costC.weightD.taste答案與分層梯度式解析Unit5RevealingnaturePart2Usinglanguage基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練Ⅰ.1.giant2.blame3.characteristics4.primitive5.declined6.worldwideⅡ.題型(一)1.hadmet句意:這是他第一次遇見如此奇怪的人。在“Itwasthefirsttimethat...”句型中,that從句常用過去完成時。2.hadstarted句意:我發(fā)現(xiàn)講座難聽懂,因為我到達時它已經(jīng)開始了?！暗竭_”是過去的動作,“講座開始”發(fā)生在“我到達”之前,表示“過去的過去”,應(yīng)用過去完成時。3.hadbecome句意:到公元前一百年左右,絲綢已經(jīng)成為絲綢之路沿線交易的主要商品之一。設(shè)空處作句子的謂語,時間狀語為“by+過去的時間”,故用過去完成時。4.hadstood句意:在院子里挺立了三百年的老橡樹突然倒了。stand表示的動作發(fā)生在fell表示的動作之前,故設(shè)空處用過去完成時。5.hadhoped句意:我本來希望今年度個假,但我沒法離開。hope、expect、suppose、think、want、intend等動詞的過去完成時表示過去未實現(xiàn)的希望、設(shè)想或打算。6.wastold/hasbeentold句意:薩拉被告知她將成為英國新的超模,明年將賺一百萬美元。根據(jù)語境可知Sarah與tell之間為被動關(guān)系,故用被動語態(tài)。此處既可以用一般過去時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作,也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。7.entered句意:他進入房間,打開燈讀晚報。分析句子可知,句中and連接三個并列的謂語動詞。由turnedon和read可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時,故填entered。8.hadexpected句意:他沒有像我期望的那樣著手做新的工作,而是又檢查了一遍先前的工作。根據(jù)句意可知,expect動作發(fā)生在examined之前,表示“過去的過去”,故用過去完成時。9.hadput句意:真討厭!我剛把電話放下,它又響了。根據(jù)句意可知,從句謂語動詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞rang所表示的動作之前,故從句時態(tài)應(yīng)使用過去完成時,故填hadput。10.haddriven句意:如果他們再多開幾千米,他們可能會找到更好的旅館。由句意可知,此處使用了與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣,if引導的從句應(yīng)用過去完成時。題型(二)1.sank句意:因此,當它第一次航行就沉沒時,這個消息使每個人都大吃一驚。根據(jù)主句中的surprised可知此處講述過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時。2.wassailing句意:在它航行的第五天,當它全速駛向紐約時,撞上了冰山。此處表示在過去某段時間正在進行的動作,因此用過去進行時。3.hadreceived句意:船長收到了關(guān)于冰山的警告,(但)他沒理會這些警告。dismiss動作發(fā)生在過去,receive動作發(fā)生在dismiss之前,因此用過去完成時。4.dismissed句意見上題。根據(jù)語境可知此處是過去發(fā)生的動作,故應(yīng)用一般過去時。5.hadhit句意:它在災(zāi)難發(fā)生前兩個多小時撞上了冰山。根據(jù)上文“At2:20am,theTitanicsankintothesea.”可知hit動作發(fā)生在sankintothesea之前,因此用過去完成時。6.survived句意:1,500多人喪生,只有710人幸存。根據(jù)并列分句中的lost可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。7.hadsearched/searched句意:探險家羅伯特·巴拉德花了數(shù)年才找到泰坦尼克號。search動作發(fā)生在found之前,因此可以用過去完成時。此外,before表示的先后關(guān)系非常明顯,所以此處用一般過去時也是對的。8.hadcaused句意:羅伯特設(shè)法用他的相機拍下了導致船下沉的船舷上的洞的照片。managed動作發(fā)生在過去,cause動作發(fā)生在managed之前,表示“過去的過去”,因此設(shè)空處用過去完成時。能力提升練Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),一些植物可以在被攻擊前很好地感覺到攻擊者,這讓植物準備了先發(fā)制人的防御,甚至可以對抗其他有害物種。1.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”可知,JohnOrrock在西紅柿植株附近的泥土上噴灑液體的目的是給予植物一種警告,讓它們能夠產(chǎn)生自我保護性反應(yīng)。故選A。2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningsimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.(最初,Orrock發(fā)現(xiàn)這種防御方法對蝸牛有效;在最新的研究中,他的團隊估量了這種黏液警告對另一種潛在威脅的影響。)”可推知,文中提到毛蟲的例子是為了驗證這一點,即確認研究的結(jié)果。故選B。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem”可知,他想知道西紅柿植株是如何感受到蝸牛黏液中的化學物質(zhì),而這些化學物質(zhì)從未真正接觸過它們。由此可推斷出RichardKarban想知道西紅柿植株是如何感知危險的,故選D。4.A主旨大意題。Para.1新的研究表明,一些植物能感知到動物即將發(fā)動的攻擊,并準備好先發(fā)制人的防御。Para.2JohnOrrock的研究過程及其發(fā)現(xiàn)。Para.3以毛蟲為例,進一步驗證植物能產(chǎn)生防御。Para.4沒有參與這項研究的植物通信專家RichardKarban對這一發(fā)現(xiàn)感到好奇。Para.5Orrock希望未來的研究能夠找出使植物能夠感知這些相對較遠的信號的機制。從各段落的主旨來看,本文主要介紹的是有關(guān)植物的科學研究,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物有對外在威脅或攻擊的自我保護性反應(yīng)。由此可知,A項“WatchfulPlants(警覺的植物)”適合作文章標題?！靖哳l詞匯】1.layvt.產(chǎn)(卵);下(蛋)2.attackn.&v.攻擊3.defensen.防御4.measurev.測量;估量5.potentialadj.潛在的,可能的6.threatn.威脅7.appetiten.食欲8.beexposedto接觸;暴露于9.beinvolvedin參與【差距詞匯】1.curl(sth.)up(使)形成緊緊的卷曲狀2.droolv.垂涎;淌口水3.activatevt.激活4.mechanismn.機制;方法長難句原句ThefindingthatasnailsapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.分析本句為主從復(fù)合句?！皌hatasnailsapproachcancauseaplantresponse”為that引導的同位語從句,說明finding的內(nèi)容;“thataffectsadifferentanimal”為that引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞aplantresponse;“aplantcommunicationsexpert”作RichardKarban的同位語;“whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy”為who引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞RichardKarban。譯文蝸牛的接近會引起植物的反應(yīng),影響到一種不同的動物,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓沒有參與這項研究的植物通信專家RichardKarban感到好奇。Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了小狗在草地上打滾的原因。1.C過渡句。根據(jù)“Isshecoolingherselfoff?Isshejustsuperhappy?Whatcoulditbe?”可知,空后提出了一些問題,說明空處為作者一直在想為什么小狗要在草地上打滾。C項“但我一直想知道它到底為什么這么做?！狈险Z境。2.B主旨句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知,本段介紹小狗在草地上打滾的原因之一是它們喜歡草地上的氣味。B項“它正在享受一種味道。”適合作為本段的主旨句。B項中的“enjoyingasmell”和下文中的“enjoyascent”相呼應(yīng)。3.D細節(jié)句。根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后文可知,小狗在草地上打滾的原因之一是天氣熱的時候,草地上比較涼快。D項“如果天氣特別熱,草地可能會對你的狗特別有吸引力。”符合語境。D項中的“aparticularlyhotday”是前文中“coolingherselfoff”的原因。4.F細節(jié)句。根據(jù)“Someexpertsholdtheviewthatdogsmayrollaroundinthegrasstocovertheirownscent.”可知,空處需要進一步說明為什么小狗需要在草地上打滾來掩蓋自己的氣味。F項“換言之,它們想讓自己的味道聞起來像環(huán)境的味道,這樣就不會嚇跑獵物?！狈险Z境。5.G細節(jié)句。根據(jù)“Imnotsureaboutyou,butnowImeventhinkingaboutjoiningminenexttime.”可知,此處總結(jié)狗在草地上玩的時候應(yīng)該是它最開心的時光。G項“如果你注意到你的狗在草地上打滾,那可能只是它有史以來最好的時光。”符合語境。【高頻詞匯】1.coolsb.off使某人感到?jīng)鏊?使冷靜2.incrediblyadv.難以置信地,非常地3.comprehendv.理解4.covervt.掩蓋5.uncommonadj.不常有的,罕見的【差距詞匯】1.cracksb.up使某人大笑起來2.pickupon領(lǐng)略;意會;意識到3.ruleout排除Ⅲ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者在市場上偶然見到一種從未見過的水果,長相奇怪卻味道香甜。作者感悟到我們要超越事物的外表,擁抱不完美的美。這些非傳統(tǒng)的水果提醒我們,味道和品質(zhì)往往存在于意想不到的地方。1.C根據(jù)下文“Feelingcurious,I2thesellerandaskedaboutthesestrangefruits.”可知,作者和賣水果的人交談,由此可知,作者是在農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(market)上見到了一種奇異的水果。

2.B根據(jù)“askedaboutthesestrangefruits”可知,作者走到水果攤販面前,想要更多地了解這種水果。believe相信,認為;approach靠近,接近;punish懲罰;find發(fā)現(xiàn)。3.B根據(jù)下文“BecauseIwas8aboutthesellersenthusiasticexplanation”可知,賣家很耐心地做了解答,說明賣家很熱情。enthusiastic一詞意為“熱情的,充滿激情的”,與warm意思相近。bitter令人痛苦的;strange奇怪的;cold冷漠的。

4.A根據(jù)第一段中“...myeyeswereimmediatelydrawntoabasketofstrangefruits,almostalien-lookingfruits.”及“askedaboutthesestrangefruits”可知,作者是向賣家詢問了解一種水果,賣家應(yīng)該是向作者介紹這種水果(fruits)。5.D根據(jù)空前“heirloomvarieties”及空后“throughgenerations”可知,這個水果品種是賣家家族代代傳承(passeddown)至今的。lookfor尋找;talkabout談?wù)?giveup放棄。6.A句意:它們可能不符合社會的審美標準,但它們美妙的味道卻被那些享受食物真正本質(zhì)的人欣