考點32 任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子-2021年中考英語考點一遍過 （解析版）

考點32任務(wù)型閱讀之還原句子

閱讀短文還原句子的文章一般為200—250詞左右，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。根據(jù)歷

年真題的考查可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：

1.學(xué)生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。

2.學(xué)生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。

二、滿分技巧

1.解題步驟

（1）讀選項，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。

（2）讀文章，找邏輯，抓過渡詞。

（3）先易后難來解題。

（4）回讀文章定答案。

2.得分技巧

（1）抓住過渡詞，看住上下句。

（2）盯緊橫線的前后詞語。

通過學(xué)生對這類題型的解題步驟、思路及技巧的練習(xí)和實踐，可總結(jié)出以下復(fù)習(xí)策略：

1.養(yǎng)成限時閱讀的習(xí)慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀技能，處理好閱讀速度與效率問題。閱讀速

度應(yīng)控制在每篇5分鐘，每分鐘40—50個詞為宜。

2.注意常考點。平時練習(xí)多注意代詞（如it,this,they）.選項的句內(nèi)關(guān)系（如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折）及重現(xiàn)（文

章與選項的復(fù)現(xiàn)提示）等。

3.解題技巧

通讀全文，了解文章大意。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項填入文中，再次通

讀全文，重點考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)，研究多余選項，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。

1.如果問題設(shè)在段首

（1）通常是段落的主題句。認真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。

（2）與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項中查

找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會有

某種的銜接手段。

（3）段落間的過渡句。這時要胳前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾

有機地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。

2.如果問題設(shè)在段尾

(1)空白前的一句或兩句是重點語句，重點閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。

(2)通常是結(jié)論，概括性語句。注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號詞，如：Therefore,

asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞

句。

(3)與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項中所

講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關(guān)系。

(4)與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補全說明本段主題的其他細節(jié)，因

此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項中會出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的

關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。

(5)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段的

開頭是否有一定的銜接，認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來。

(6)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題，通常文章第一段要提出文章的

主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。

通蹤訓(xùn)練

A

Mostofushavemadeanexerciseplan,butonlyafewcanfollowit.WebMD(anAmericanwebsite)haslisted

thefollowingtipsformakingexerciseahabitinyourlife.

41

Remember,there'snorulethatsaysyouhavetogotoasportscenterorbuyequipmentlikeswimmingsuits.

Manytypesofactivities,suchaspush-up,canbedonewheneveritisrainyorsnowy.

42

Don'tgohomefirst.Fewpeoplearesomotivatedthattheywillgooutagainandexerciseaftertheygohomeand

changeclothes.

43

Tirednessisnotanexcuse.Whileexercising,youbreathedeeplyandyourbodymakesbetteruseoftheoxygen

exchange.Then,youwillfeelenergetic.

44

It'sgreatwhenyourclothesfitbetter.Youcanliftheavierthingsortakeexerciselonger.There'ssomethinggood

too,likegettingagoodnighfssleeporthinkingmoreclearly.

45

Noteveryonecanstartoutwith10,000stepsaday.Useapedometer,andfindoutyourdailysteps.Andthen,try

yourbesttowalk300extrastepseachday.Finally,youcanreach10,000stepsaday.

A.Exerciseafterwork.

B.Recordyourdailysteps.

C.Doactivitiesyouenjoy.

D.Exerciseevenwhenyouaretired.

E.Noticethatyouarebetterthanbefore.

【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.E45.B

【解析】我們大多數(shù)人都制定了鍛煉計劃，但只有少數(shù)人可以遵循。文章列出了一些技巧可以使鍛煉成為

一種習(xí)慣。

41題詳解】

根據(jù)Remember,there'snorulethatsaysyouhaveto...Manytypesofactivities可知意為“并沒有規(guī)則說你必須

做……活動類型有許多種”由此推知，此處強調(diào)做自己喜歡的活動。故選C。

[42題詳解】

根據(jù)Don'tgohomefirst.Fewpeoplearesomotivatedthattheywillgooutagainandexerciseaftertheygohome

andchangeclothes.可知不要先回家，不然會沒有動力再出去。因此應(yīng)是工作后就鍛煉。故選A。

【43題詳解】

根據(jù)Tirednessisnotanexcuse.意為“疲倦不是借口?！耙虼藨?yīng)是即使累了也要鍛煉。故選D。

【44題詳解】

根據(jù)It'sgreatwhenyourclothesfitbetter.Youcanliftheavierthingsortakeexerciselonger.There'ssomething

goodtoo,likegettingagoodnight'ssleeporthinkingmoreclearly.可知全段落用的都是比較級，因此我們要注意

到自己比以前更好。故選E。

[45題詳解】

根據(jù)Useapedometer,andfindoutyourdailysteps.意為“使用計步器，找出您的11常步數(shù)。"因此此段是記錄

您的日常步數(shù)。故選B。

B

HowtoInventaProduct

16

It*sunnecessarytothinkofsomethingthatnoonehaseverthoughtofbefore.Justaskyourselfwhatexactlyyou

aretryingtoimproveorsolve?Ifyouwanttobuildabetterdustmop（拖把）,howwillitbebetter?Whatinterestingor

importantpartdoesithave?Whatcouldyoudodifferently?

17

Trycomingupwith15solutionsinaminute,nomatterhowcrazy.Orchooseoneofthesolutionsandaskhowis

thatlikemyidea?"Howandwhydoesitwork?1'"When,whereandhowisitused?"HHowisitdescribed?'1Letyour

questionsandimaginationcomeupwithnewideasorfindadifferentwayoflookingataproblem

18

Visitstoresthatofferproductssimilartowhatyourswilldoandevengoasfarastoaskstoreworkersfor

productstheymightsellwithasimilarpurpose.Ifyouhaveanameforyourproductcreated,searchthistofindout

whetheritisalreadybeingused.

19

Thisisoftenthelongestpartofinventing!ThomasEdison'slabtestedmorethan6,000differentmaterialsfor

lightbulbsbeforetheycameupwithonethatworked.Makethemodeluntilitworksthewayyouwant.Sometimes

youmightdiscoveranentirelydifferentidea.

20

Whenyouthinkyou'vegoteverythingready,it*stimetomakeaworkingmodelofyourinvention--aprototype.

Thisiswhatyou'llusetoshowpeoplewhatitwilllooklikeandhowitwillwork.Youcanusethisprototypetoshow

andintroducetothepeoplewhomighthaveinterest.

A.Researchyourinvention.

B.Brainstorm

C.Askforadvice.

I）.Findaproblemworthsolving.

E.Makeyourinventiontoareality.

F.Build,test,rebuild,repeat.

【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.F20.E

【解析】本文介紹了發(fā)明一個產(chǎn)品的過程：找到一個值得解決的問題；想出很多方法；調(diào)查和你的發(fā)明相

似的產(chǎn)品；反復(fù)實驗和重做；讓發(fā)明成為現(xiàn)實。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)"Justaskyourselfwhatexactlyyouaretryingtoimproveorsolve?”可知，此處表示找到一個可以提高或解

決的方法，因此是找到一個可以值得解決的問題，故選D。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)"Trycomingupwith15solutionsinaminute,nomatterhowcrazy.“可知，此處表示進行頭腦風(fēng)暴，想出一

些解決方法。故選B。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)"Visitstoresthatofferproductssimilartowhatyourswilldoandevengoasfarastoaskstoreworkersfor

productstheymightsellwithasimilarpurpose.“可知，去調(diào)查一些和你的發(fā)明相似的產(chǎn)品，故選Ac

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)"ThomasEdison'slabtestedmorethan6,000differentmaterialsforlightbulbsbeforetheycameupwithone

thatworked.Makethemodeluntilitworksthewayyouwant.Sometimesyoumightdiscoveranentirelydifferent

idea.”可知，此處表示反復(fù)的實驗,重做，故選F。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)"Whenyouthinkyou'vegoteverythingready,it*stimetomakeaworkingmodelofyourinvention--a

prototype.”可知，此處表示讓發(fā)明成為現(xiàn)實，故選E。

C

TDbeaSuccessfulOnlineLearner

Youmaybeoneoftheincreasingnumberofstudentswhoisdoingtheonlinelearning.Followthesetipstohelp

youbeasuccessfulonlinelearner.

16Manystudentsthinkthatonlineclassesrequirelessworkandaremucheasier.Infact,online

classeshavesimilarrequirementstothetraditionalcourses.Bepreparedtodoatleastsixhoursofworkaweekinan

onlinecourse.Duringtheweeksoffinalsandmidterms,youneedtomakefarmoreefforts.

17Everycoursehaslearningobjectives.Courseobjectivesarethebasicthingforthecourse.

Activities,tasks,andtest-infact,everythinginacourseisfromtheobjectives.Ifyouunderstandthecourse

objectives,youwillunderstandwhatisexpectedofyouintheclass.

18Studentslearnindifferentways,andtheteachersoftenusedifferentkindsofteachingskillsto

meettheneedsofdifferentlearningstyles.Givenewwaysoflearningatry,eveniftheyseemdifferentfromwhat

you'reusedto.Trytousetechnologytomakelearningbetter.

19Mostcommunicationinanonlinecoursehappensthroughthewrittenword.Discussionboard,

writtentasks,andemailsareallcommonwaysofcommunicationinonlinecourses.Thisisdifferentfromtraditional

classes,wherealotofcommunicationisbytalkingfacetoface.Bepreparedtoreadandwritealotinonlinecourses.

20Ifyouhavequestionsorhaveproblemsinunderstanding,askyourteachersforhelp.Yourteacher

won'tknowifyoudon*tunderstandsomethingunlessyoutellhimorher.Don'twaituntilyou'vemissedthechanceto

beabetterlearner.

Ifyoufollowthesuggestedtipsyoucansucceedatonlinelearning,andenjoytheexperienceallatonce.

A.Beopentothenewwaysoflearning

B.Payattentiontothecourselearningobjectives

C.Donotloweryourself-requirements

D.Makeanewtimetablefbrtheonlinelearning.

E.Trytousethewaysoflearningactively.

F.Bereadytoaskquestionsintime.

【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.E20.F

【解析】這篇短文就如何成為成功的網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)者給出了幾點建議。

【16題詳解】

本段主要介紹不要以為網(wǎng)課需要少量工作更簡單實際上網(wǎng)課和傳統(tǒng)課程是相似的，所以不能降低自我要求,

故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)"Everycoursehaslearningobjectives.Courseobjectivesarethebasicthingforthecourse.,f可知本段介紹

課程學(xué)習(xí)目標的重要性，所以要關(guān)注課程學(xué)習(xí)目標，故選B。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)"Givenewwaysoflearningatry,eveniftheyseemdifferentfromwhatyou'reusedto.Trytousetechnologyto

makelearningbetter.w可知要接受新的學(xué)習(xí)方式，故選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)"Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofcommunicationisbytalkingfacetoface.Beprepared

toreadandwritealotinonlinecourses"可知要積極運用學(xué)習(xí)方法，故選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)"Ifyouhavequestionsorhaveproblemsinunderstanding,askyourteachersforhelp.”可知提出的建議和問

問題有關(guān)，即要及時提問問題，故選F。

D

Researchershavediscoveredthat,ingeneral,itonlytakessevensecondsforapersontostartmaking

judgmentsaboutyouwhentheyfirstmeetyou.That'swhyyoushouldfollowtheseusefultipsonhowtocreatea

goodfirstimpression（象）.

46Beforemeetingsomeone,startthinkingaboutthepurposeofthemeeting.Areyoutrying

toimpressthem?Forexample,ifyouwanttomakenewfriendsatasocialevent,youwillwanttoappear

friendly.Andifyoudecidetorunforclasspresidentatyourschool,youwillneedtoappearconfident.

￡7Smilingisthemostimportantthingyoucandowhenmeetingsomeonenew.Itshowsthat

you'refriendlyandmakespeoplearoundyoufeelmorecomfortable.Tohaveawinningsmile,makesureyourteeth

arecleanbybrushingthemeveryday.

48Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage.Therefore,it's

importanttoshowtrustinyourselfbystandinguptallandputtingyourshouldersback.Besides,ifyouuncrossyour

arms,youwillappearrelaxedandfriendly.

49Howyousmellcaninfluencepeople'sfirstimpressionofyou.Ifyouhaveabadbody

smell,itwillputpeopleoff.Inshort,aimtosmellcleanandavoidputtingonalotofscentedproducts.

50Whatyouwearmatters.Whileyoushouldlookcleanandtidy,it'salsoimportanttodress

properly,whetheryou'regoingtoabirthdaypartyorasportingevent.Youshouldthinkaboutwhatyourclothes

sayaboutyou.

A.Dresstoimpress

B.Becarefulaboutyourbodylanguage

C.Smellgood

D.Asmilegoesalongway

E.Decidewhatimage（形象）youwanttopresent

【答案】46.E47.D48.B49.C50.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文，文章講述當一個人第一次見到你時，他只需要7秒鐘就開始對你做出判斷，詳細地介紹

了一些有用的技巧來幫助你創(chuàng)造一個好的第一印象。

【46題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Areyoutryingtoimpressthem”可知說的是展示形象，結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)說決定你想要展示什么形象，

E選項“Decidewhatimageyouwanttopresent”符合。故選E。

【47題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Tohaveawinningsmile,makesureyourteetharecleanbybrushingthemeveryday”可知說的是微笑，

D選項“Asmilegoesalongway一個微笑影響深遠”符合。故選D。

[48題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguagen可知說的是肢體語言，B選項

“Becarefulaboutyourbodylanguage注意你的肢體語言''符合。故選B。

【49題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Howyousmellcaninfluencepeople'sfirstimpressionofyou”可知說的是味道，C選項“Smellgood

好聞”符合，故選C。

【50題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Whatyouwearmatters”可知說的是穿什么，A選項“Dresstoimpress穿衣打扮給人留下印象”符

合，故選A。

E

AmericanandBritishpeoplebothspeakEnglishofcourse.Butsometimesitdoesnotseemlikethesame

language.Infact,therearesomeimportantdifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.

12Often,Americansdon'tsayeachwordseparately.Theysayseveralwordstogether.Americansmay

say"Idunno^insteadof"Idon'tknow”.Ortheymaysay"Whaddyasay?,?insteadof44Whatdidyousay?"However,

theBritisharemorecareftilintheirspeech.Theyusuallysayallthewordsandkeepthemseparate.

SoundisnotonlythedifferencebetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.Wordssometimeshave

differentmeaningstoo.13Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.

14InEngland,ifyouaregoingtotelephoneyourfriends,you“phonethemup”.InAmerica,you“give

themacall”.

Therearealsosomedifferencesingrammar.Forexample,Americansusuallyusethehelpingverb"do”when

theyaskaquestion.Theysay“Doyouhaveastorybook?”ButtheBritishoftenleaveoutthehelping

verb.15

Mostlanguagesarelikethis.Languageschangeovertime.Whenpeopleliveinseparateplaces,thelanguages

changeindifferentways.ThisiswhathashappenedtoEnglish.Itcanalsohappentootherlanguages,suchasFrench.

ManypeopleinCanadaspeakFrenchbuttheirFrenchisverydifferentfromtheFrenchofFrance.

閱讀上面短文，從下面選項中選擇合適的句子填入文中空白處，有一項為多余選項。

A.Theysay"Haveyouastorybook?”

B.Itcanalsohappentootherlanguages,suchasFrench.

C.Forexample,thevocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.

D.Firstofall,theysoundverydifferent.

E.Manyexpressionsarealsodifferentinthetwocountries.

【答案】12.D13.C14.E15.A

【解析】這篇短文為我們講述了美國英語和英國英語之間的不同，包括讀音、詞義、語法及固定表達等。

【12題詳解】

根據(jù)下文的介紹可知，美國人通常不會把每個詞分開說。他們一起說幾個字。而英國人通常把所有的詞都

說出來，并把它們分開。可知，此處是說它們聽起來很不一樣。這是第一個不同點。因此選擇Firstofall,Ihey

soundverydifferent.首先，它們聽起來很不一樣。故選D。

【13題詳解】

根據(jù)"Wordssomelimeshavedifferentmeaningstoo.”單詞有時也有不同的意思°以及下文uAmericansdrive

trucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.”可知，此處應(yīng)該介紹它們的詞義不同。因此選擇Forexample,the

vocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.例如，汽車和駕駛的詞匯就非常不同。故選C。

【14題詳解】

根據(jù)"InEngland,ifyouaregoingtotelephoneyourfriends,you4tphonethemup”.InAmerica,you“givethema

call”.”可知，這是介紹了它們的表達方式也不同。因此選擇Manyexpressionsarealsodifferentinthetwo

countries.在這兩個國家，許多表達方式也不同。故選E。

【15題詳解】

根據(jù)"Therearealsosomedifferencesingrammar.”語法上也有一些不同。可知，此處應(yīng)該舉例說明語法不同

在什么地方。因此選擇Theysay“Haveyouastorybook?”他們說“你有故事書嗎？”故選A。

F

81It'safriendlywaypeopleintheUnitedStatesgreeteachother.ButnHowareyou?”isalsoavery

unusualquestion.It'saquestionthatoftendoesn'thaveananswer.

Whenapersonmeetsafriendonthestreetandasks"Howareyou?",thepersondoesn'treallyexpecttohearan

answersuchas"Ireallydon'tknowwhat'swrongwithme.IthoughtIhadacold.Ilooksomemedicine,butthatdidn't

helpmuch,soI'llgotothedoctor."ThepersonwhoasksMHowareyou*"expectstoheartheanswer"Fine."evenifthe

otherpersonisn't!Thereasonisthat"Howareyou?"isn'treallyaquestionand“Fine"isn'treallyananswer.

82

Sometimes,peoplealsodon'tsayexactlywhattheymean.Forexample,whensomeoneasks"Doyouagree?",

theotherpersonmightbethinking"No,Idisagree.Ithinkyou'rewrong.'1Butitisn'tverypolitetodisagreeso

strongly,sotheotherpersonmightsay,"I'mnotsosure."83

Peoplealsodon'tsayexactlywhattheyarethinkingwhentheyfinishconversationswithotherpeople.For

example,manyconversationsoverthephoneendwhenonepersonsays,'Tvegottogonow.”O(jiān)ften,thepersonwho

wantstohangupgivesanexcuse：”Someone'satthedoor.'1I'vegottoputthevegetablesaway.'1"Somethingis

burningonthestove!n84Perhapsthepersonwhowantstohangupsimplydoesn'twanttotalkanymore,but

itisn'tverypolitetosaythat.Theexcuseismorepolite,anditdoesn'thurttheotherperson'sfeelings.

Whethertheyaregreetingeachother,talkingaboutanopinion,orendingaconversation,peopleoftendon'tsay

exactlywhattheyarethinking.It'sanimportantwaythatpeopletrytobenicetoeachother.85

A.Wemustlearnwhentokeepsilent.

B."Howareyou?1'isanicequestion.

C.Andifsallpartofthegameoflanguage!

D.Theexcusemightbereal,oritmightnotbe.

E.It'sanicerwaytosaythatyoudon'tagreewithsomeone.

F.Peoplesometimesshakehandswhentheymeeteachother.

G.Theyaresimplywaysofgreetingpeopleandsaying"Hello."

【答案】81.B82.G83.E84.D85.C

【解析】文章大意：主要介紹了語言的藝術(shù)。當人們互相打招呼、詢問對方意見、結(jié)束談話時，人們所說

的不一定是真實想法，只是為了禮貌而已。

[81題詳解】

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句"h'safriendlywaypeopleintheUnitedStatesgreeteachother.But"Howareyou?"isalso

averyunusualquestion."可知說的是你好嗎？這個問題,結(jié)合選項，可知與選項B."Howareyou?"isanice

question.你好嗎？”這是個好問題，相符合，故答案為B。

【82題詳解】

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)前句"Thereasonisthat"Howareyou?"isn'treallyaquestionand"Fine"isn'treallyananswer"

可知說的是其他方式，結(jié)合選項，可知與選項GTheyaresimplywaysofgreetingpeopleandsaying"Hello."

它們只是問候和說“你好”的方式。相符合，故答案為G。

【83題詳解】

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)前句'Forexample,whensomeoneasks"Doyouagree?…Tmnolsosure.""可知說的

是更好的拒絕方式，結(jié)合選項，可知與選項E.It'sanicerwaytosaythatyoudon'tagreewithsomeone.這是表

示你不同意某人的一種更好的方式。相符合，故答案為E。

【84題詳解】

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)后句"Perhapsthepersonwhowantstohangupsimplydoesn'twanttotalkanymore,butitisn't

verypolitetosaythat.Theexcuseismorepolite,anditdoesn'thurttheotherperson'sfeelings.”可知說的是

借口，結(jié)合選項，可知與選項D.Theexcusemightbereal,oritmightnotbe.這個借口可能是真的，也可能不

是。相符合，故答案為D。

【85題詳解】

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)前句"It'sanimportantwaythatpeopletrytobenicetoeachother.”這是人們彼此友好相處的

重要方式。可知,與選項C.Andit'sallpartofthegameoflanguage!這都是語言游戲的一部分!相符合,故

答案為C。

真題再現(xiàn)

A（2020?青島市）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項，選項中有一項為多余選項。

You'vebeenlearningwordssinceyouwereatinybaby.Atfirst,youlearnedthemonlybyhearingother

peopletalk.Nowthatyou'reareader,youhaveanotherwaytolearnwords.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucometo

awordandyouthinkyoudon'tknowwhatitmeans?36.

Sayit

Firstsounditout.Thensayittoyourself.37.Sometimesyouknowawordinyourheadbutyoudon't

knowwhatitlookslikeinprint.Soifyoumatchupwhatyouknowandwhatyouread-youhavetheword!

Usecontext

Ifthisdoesn'twork,takethenextstep:lookatthecontext—theotherwordsandsentencesaroundit.Read

thissentence:Whenitrained,thedoglookedfarshelterinthedoorway.38.Rainandinthedoorwaymight

giveyouhelpfulinformation.

39

Ifthecontextdoesn'thelp,lookatthepartsoftheword.Doesithaveanypartsyouknow?Thesecanhelpyou

understandwhatitmeans.Ifyoudon'tknowthemeaningofminer,trylookingatpartsoftheword.Youmight

knowthatamineisaplaceundergroundwherepeoplegetcoalandothervaluablethings.Alotoftimes,-eratthe

endofawordmeans“apersonwhodoessomething".Soaminermightbesomeonewhoworksinamine.

Lookitup

Ifthethreestepsabovedon'twork,youcanlookitup.40-eitherabookoronline.

Nobodyknowsthemeaningofeveryword,butgoodreadersknowhowtounderstandwordstheydon'tknow.

A.Usewordparts

B.Lookatthewords

C.Itmightsoundlikeawordyouknow

DYoucanfindthewordinadictionary

E.Followingsomeeasystepscanhelpyou

F.Ifthewordshelterdoesn'tlookfamiliar,lookatthewordsaroundit

這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了了解單詞的意義的四種方法。

36.E【解析】句意：如下的一些簡單的步驟可以幫助你。

后文介紹了了解單詞的意義的一些方法，此處E選項Followingsomeeasystepscanhelpyou符合。故選E。

37.C【解析】句意：它可能聽起來像是你認識的單詞。

根據(jù)后文“Sometimesyouknowawordinyourheadbutyoudon*tknowwhatitlookslikeinprint”有時候你頭腦

里知道一個單詞但是你不知道這個單詞長什么樣子，C選項“Itmightsoundlikeawordyouknow”符合。故

選C。

38.F【解析】句意：如果單詞shelter看起來不熟悉，看看周圍的詞。

根據(jù)"Rainandinthedoorwaymightgiveyouhelpfulinformation55Rain和inthedoorway可能給你——些有用的

信息,F選項“thewordshelter”符合。故選F。

39.A【解析】句意：使用單詞的部分。

根據(jù)"Ifthecontextdoesn'thelp,lookatthepartsoftheword”如果語境沒什么幫助，看看單詞的部分。此段講

述了詞綴。A選項“Usewordparts”符合。故選A。

40.D【解析】句意：你可以在字典里查找這個單詞。

根據(jù)"lookitup"及"eitherabookoronline”可知此處是關(guān)于查單詞的問題，D選項“findthewordinadictionary,,

符合，故選D。

B（2020?河南省）

Mymotheriscool-muchcoolerthanmostpeople.Igiveherfullcreditformakingmethepersonwho

Iamtoday.Tothankher,Tdliketosharesomeofthethingsshetaughtme.

1.16.

Nomatterhowhardthingsgot,mymomcouldalwaysjokeaboutthem.Ithastaughtmethingsarenever,ever,

end-of-the-worldkindofbad.Fmsurethishasmademeamorerelaxedperson.

2.17.

Mymothermadeherownclothesshefeltlikewearing.Soonenough,peopleaskedhertomakeclothes,andit

turnedintoafull-timebusiness.Thatshowsmehowyoucansetupyourownbusinessbyexpressingyourself

truthfully.

3.18.

Asacreative,mymotheralwaysencouragedustodoimaginativethingsforenjoymentanddiscouragedTV.

Wedressedupincostumes,drewpictures,andsangatthetopofourlungs.Today,Iamaveryfunpersontobe

with.

4.19.

Mymomhasalwayspushedmetowardsbecomingindependent.Notforhergood,butformine.Imademy

owndecisionswithouthertryingtomanageme.Becauseofthis,Igrowuptobecompletelyindependent.

5.20.

Growingup,I'vemademyfairshareofmistakes.Insteadofsaying"Itoldyouso",mymomalwaysletme

workthingsoutmyself.Shewasalsotheretohelpmepickupthepieces,ifIeverneededhelp.

Forallthatyou'vedoneandeverythingthatyouare-thankyou,mom!

WordBank：

credit功勞

costume戲服

lung肺

A.Imaginationhasnoend.

B.Independenceisimportant.

C.Self-expressionleadstoself-achievement.

D.MistakesareOKaslongasyoulearnfromthem.

E.Beinghopefulisthekeytoturningthingsaround.

這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹作者母親給她的建議和人生哲理。

16.E【解析】句意：充滿希望是讓事情回轉(zhuǎn)的關(guān)鍵。matterhowhardthingsgot,mymomcouldalways

jokeaboutthem.Ithastaughtmethingsarenever,ever,end-of-the-worldkindofbad”無論事情有多壞，我的媽媽

總是能開玩笑對待它們，教會我事情不總是世界末日那樣的糟糕。可知主要講述的充滿希望。E選項的"Being

hopefulisthekeytoturningthingsaround”符合。故選E。

17.C【解析】句意：自我表達導(dǎo)致自我成就。showsmehowyoucansetupyourownbusinessby

expressingyourselftruthfully”可知自我表達與自我成就。C選項的“Self-expressionleadstoself-achievement”

符合。故選C。

18.A【解析】句意：想象沒有止境。根據(jù)“Asacreative,mymotheralwaysencouragedustodoimaginativethings

forenjoymentanddiscouragedTV”可知講述的是想象力和創(chuàng)造力，A選項的“Imaginationhasnoend”符合。故

選Ao

19.B【解析】句意：自立很重要。根據(jù)"Mymomhasalwayspushedmetowardsbecomingindependent"及"Because

ofthis,Igrowuptobecompletelykidependent”可知講述的是自立、獨立。B選項的“Independenceisimportant”

符合。故選B。

20.D【解析】句意：犯錯誤沒關(guān)系，只要你能從中吸取教訓(xùn)。根據(jù)"I'vemademyfairshareofmistakes.Instead

ofsaying'Itoldyouso',mymomalwaysletmeworkthingsoutmyselF'可知講述的是犯錯誤以及從錯誤中吸取

教訓(xùn)，D選項“MistakesareOKaslongasyoulearnfromthem”符合。故選D。

C（2020?廣州市）

閱讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入46s50各題空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑

Storytelling

Storytellinghascaughtthehumanimaginationforthousandsofyears.Peopleeverywherehavetoldstoriesto

amuse,toteach,toremember,andjusttopassthetime.Peoplestartedtellingstorieslongbeforewritingwas

invented.46Butpeopleallovertheworldstilltelloneanotherstoriesoutloud.Apersonwhocantella

goodstorynearlyalwaysfindslisteners.

Beforepeopledevelopedwriting,storytellingwasthemostimportantwaytopassalonginformation.Anything

aculturewantedtoprotect-itsbeliefs,itshistory,anditstraditions——hadtobetoldoutloud.Eachgeneration

wouldtelltheculture'sstoriestothenext.47Knowledgepassedoninthismethodiscalledthespoken

tradition.Evenculturesthatknowhowtowritestillpassalongsomeinformationinthisway.

48Inotherculturesonlyspecialstorytellersweretrustedtodothisimportantjob.Aculture'sbest

storytellershadgoodmemories.Theycouldalsomakethestoriesveryinteresting,sopeoplewouldlistenand

rememberthem.Sometimespeoplewouldsingthestoriesortellthemintheformofpoems.49

However,storiestoldaloudchangeovertimeasdifferentpeopletellthem.Astorytellermightchangeastory

inordertomakeitbetter.Oratellermaysimplynotrememberallthedetailsofastory.Unlikewrittenstories,the

spokentraditionisnotcreatedbyanyoneperson.50Sometimesthestoriesarecollectedandwritten

downlongaftertheyhavebeencreated.

A.Inthiswaythestorieswerepassedalong.

B.Insomecultureseveryonewouldpassalongthestories.

C.Songsandpoemscanbothmakestorieseasiertoremember.

D.Instead,awholeculturehelpsshapethechangingstoriesthroughouthistory.

E.Todaystoriesarealsowrittendowninbooksandactedoutinmovies,TVshows,andplays.

這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹故事講述的方式的形成、演變以及文化的傳遞。

46.E【解析】句意：今天故事也被寫在書里，在電影里、電視節(jié)目里和戲劇中表演出來。

根據(jù)前文“started”可知前一句在講述過去，根據(jù)后文“stilltell”可知此處在講述現(xiàn)在，E選項“Todaystoriesare

alsowrittendowninbooksandactedoutinmovies,TVshows,andplays”符合。故選E?

47.A【解析】句意：以這樣的方式，故事被傳遞下去。

根據(jù)前文“Eachgenerationwouldtelltheculture'sst