2016考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案解析一

2016研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試試題及答案解析(英語(yǔ)二)

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand

mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Happypeopleworkdifferently.They'remoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingtotake

greaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence_1_firm'swork,too.

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearch

paper.__2__,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).That's

becausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking_3―formakinginvestmentsfor

thefuture.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe__4__andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcomewith

happinesswould__5__thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities'average

happiness__6__byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthose

areas.

_7_enough,firms'investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessof

theareainwhichtheywere_8_.Butisitreallyhappinessthat'slinkedtoinvestment,orcould

somethingelseabouthappiercities__9__whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?Tofindout,the

researcherscontrolledforvarious_10—thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest-likesize,

industry,andsales-andforindicatorsthataplacewas_11—tolivein,likegrowthinwagesor

population.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally_12—evenafteraccountingfor

thesethings.

Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongforyoungerfirms,

whichtheauthors_13_to“l(fā)esscodifieddecisionmakingprocessnandthepossiblepresenceof

“youngerandless_14__managerswhoaremorelikelytobeinfluencedbysentiment."The

relationshipwas_15—strongerinplaceswherehappinesswasspreadmore_16_.Firmsseemto

investmoreinplaceswheremostpeoplearerelativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappiness

inequality.

—17_thisdoesn*tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-term

view,theauthorsbelieveitatleast_18__atthatpossibility.It'snothardtoimaginethatlocal

cultureandsentimentwouldhelp_19—howexecutivesthinkaboutthefuture."Itsurelyseems

plausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingandcreativeand_20—R&Dmore

thantheaverage,saidoneresearcher.

1.[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

2.[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4.[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

5.[AJecho(BJmiss[C]spoil[D]change

6.[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

7.[A]Sure[BJOddICJUnfortunate[DJOften

8.[A]advertised[Bldivided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

9.[A]explain[BJoverstateICJsummarizeID]emphasize

10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

11.[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

14.fA]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[DJexperienced

15.[A]thus[Blinstead[Clalso[D]never

16.[A]rapidly[BJregularly[C]directlyIDJequally

17.[A]After[B]Until[ClWhile[D]Since

18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplifyfD]share

20.IAJprayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveawayID]sendout

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,

B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

It'struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren'tessentialforlearningcomputersciencein

college.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTom

Cortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon'sSchoolofComputerScience.

However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputer

science,theylearnthatit'snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers—buta

tooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It'snotashardforthemtotransformtheir

thoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksand

usingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethe

numberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.

Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,where

introductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivethe

less-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.

TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemany

codingbootcampsthat'sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.The

high-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey're

interestedin,“saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsare

developingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.

ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenext

Facebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails”languagethey

learnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn

-howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemand

organizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducation

consultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.

Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcoders

isnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers-in

theirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes—fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearn

howcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant一theearlierthey

learnthattheyhavethepowertodothat一thebetter.

21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto.

A.completefuturejobtraining

B.remodelthewayofthinking

C.formulatelogicalhypotheses

D.perfectartworkproduction

22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir.

A.experience

B.academicbackgrounds

C.careerprospects

D.interest

23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill-----

A.helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

B.havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

C.needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

D.enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto.

A.competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers

B.staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

C.becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

D.bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

25.Theword“coax”(Line4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.challenge

B.persuade

C.frighten

D.misguide

Text2

Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens---akindofbirdlivingon

stretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengraylandscapeofthemidwesternand

southwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthe

species'historicrange.

ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedto

formallylistthebirdasthreatened."Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,“said

USFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhad

pushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered,“astatusthatgivesfederalofficials

greaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe

“threatened“taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallyless

confrontationalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingcloser

collaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalactionand

withtheprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken'shabitat.

Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinesses

thatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange—wide

managementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplan

requiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoa

fundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobe

usedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoring

prairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.Andit

givestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstate

agencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistoletustates“remaininthedriver'

sseatformanagingthespecies,“Ashesaid.

Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoricSomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan,

andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmentalgroupsarechallengingit

infederalcourtNotsurprisingly,doesn'tgofarenough“Thefederalgovernmentisgiving

responsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustriesthatarepushingittoextinction,“says

biologistJayLininger.

26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis

fA]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage

[CJadesperateappealfromsomebiologists

[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners

27.Theuthreatened“tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit

[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure

[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction

[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower

[DJwentagainstconservationpolicies

28._ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphsthatunintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutedif

they

[A]agreetopayasumforcompensation

[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat

[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob

[DJpromisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations

29.AccordingtoAshe,theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesin

fA]thefederalgovernment

[B]thewildlifeagencies

[C]thelandowners

[D]thestates

3O.JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport

[A]industrygroups

[B]thewin-winrhetoric

[C]environmentalgroups

[DJtheplanunderchallenge

Text3

Thateveryone'stoobusythesedaysisacliche.Butonespecificcomplaintismade

especiallymournfully：ThereJsneveranytimetoread.

Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tseem

sufficient.Theweb'sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:"GiveupTV”or

uCarryabookwithyouatalltimes“Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeupthe

odd30minutesdoesn'twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeeps

spinning-orelseyou'resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook'sthelastthingyouneed.The

modemmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtoward

communication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedto

interruption”.Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan'tbe

obtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.

Infact,“becomingmoreefficient“ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourceto

bemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonly

insofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoalimmersivereading,bycontrast,dependson

beingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitem

andyou'11manageonlygoal-focusedreading-useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind.

“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyor

belt,“writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and"wefeelapressuretofillthese

different-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,

wewillhavewastedihem”.Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.

Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You'dthink

thismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus

“stepoutsidetime'sflow”into“soultime”.Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonly

physicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers."Carryabookwithyouatalltimes“canactually

work,too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhich

youtemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown.Onareallygoodday,

itnolongerfeelsasifyou're"makingtimetoread,“butjustreading,andmakingtimefor

everythingelse.

31.Theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tworkbecause

[A]whattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernmind

[B]whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading

[C]whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem

[D]whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed

32.The“emptybottles“metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureto

[A]updatetheirto-dolists

[B]makepassingtimefulfilling

[C]carrytheirplansthrough

[D]pursuecarefreereading

33.Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps

[A]encouragetheefficiencymind-set

[B]developonlinereadinghabits

[C]promoteritualisticreading

[D]achieveimmersivereading

34.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes“canworkif

[A]readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

[B]allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith

[C]youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading

[D]timecanbeevenlysplitfbrreadingandbusiness

35.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe

[A]HowtoEnjoyEasyReading

[B]HowtoFindTimetoRead

[C]HowtoSetReadingGoals

[D]HowtoReadExtensively

Text4

Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure,younger

Americansaredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess,alatestpollhasfound.

Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditional

milestonesofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,havingchildren,owningahome,and

retiringintheirsixties.Butwhileyoungandoldmostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthefinishlineof

afulfillinglife,theyofferstrikinglydifferentpathsforreachingit.

Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultsto

prioritizepersonalfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmostby

regularlychangingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafasterpaceoflife,

toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedorhavingchildren,andto

maintainthatchildrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworkingoutsidethehome,thesurveyfound.

Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathofthe

searingGreatRecession,thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesandexpectationsthat

willincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife,fromconsumerpreferences

tohousingpatternstopolitics.

Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint:Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroupssaidthey

believeitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasforearliergenerations.

Whileyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheireldersabouttheprospectsfor

thosestartingouttoday,bigmajoritiesinbothgroupsbelievethose“justgettingstartedinlife”

faceatougheragood-payingjob,startingafamily,managingdebt,andfindingaffordable

housing.

PeteSchneiderconsiderstheclimbtoughertoday.Schneider,a27-yaear-oldautotechnician

fromtheChicagosuburbssayshestruggledtofindajobaftergraduatingfromcollege.Evennow

thatheisworkingsteadily,hesaid.Ican'taffordtopaymamonthlymortgagepaymentsonmy

own,soIhavetorentroomsouttopeopletomarkthathappen."Lookingback,heisstruckthat

hisparentscouldprovideacomfortablelifefortheirchildreneventhoughneitherhadcompleted

collegewhenhewasyoung."Istillgrewupinanuppermiddle-classhomewithparentswho

didn'thavecollegedegrees,“Schneidersaid."Idon'tthinkpeoplearecapableofthat

anymore.”

36.Onecross-generationmarkofasuccessfullifeis.

[A]tryingoutdifferentlifestyles

[B]havingafamilywithchildren

[C]workingbeyondretirementage

[D]settingupaprofitablebusiness

37.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph3thatyoungpeopletendto.

[Alfavoraslowerlifepace

[B]holdanoccupationlonger

[C]attachimportancetopre-maritalfinance

[D]giveprioritytochildcareoutsidethehome

38.Theprioritiesandexpectationsdefinedbytheyoungwill___.

[A]becomeincreasinglyclear

[B]focusonmaterialisticissues

[C]dependlargelyonpoliticalpreferences

[D]reachalmostallaspectsofAmericanlife

39.Bothyoungandoldagreethat.

[A]good-payingjobsarelessavailable

[B]theoldmademorelifeachievements

[C]housingloanstodayareeasytoobtain

[D]gettingestablishedisharderfortheyoung

40.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutSchneider?

[A]Hefoundadreamjobaftergraduatingfromcollege.

[B]Hisparentsbelieveworkingsteadilyisamustforsuccess.

[C]Hisparents'goodlifehaslittletodowithacollegedegree.

[D]Hethinkshisjobasatechnicianquitechallenging.

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheading

fromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadings

whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

lAJBesilly

[B]Havefun

[CJExpressyouremotions

[D]Don'toverthinkit

[E]Beeasilypleased

[FJNoticethings

[G]Askforhelp

Asadults,itseemsthatweareconstantlypursuinghappiness,oftenwithmixedresults.Yet

childrenappeartohaveitdowntoanart-andforthemostparttheydon*tneedself-helpbooksor

therapy,instead,theylookaftertheirwellbeinginstinctively,andusuallymoreeffectivelythanwe

doasgrownups.Perhapsit'stimetolearnafewlessonsfromthem.

41.

Whatdoesachilddowhenhe'ssad?Hecries.Whenhe'sangry?Heshouts.Scared?Probablya

bitofboth.Aswegrowup,welearntocontrolouremotionssotheyaremanageableanddon*t

dictateourbehaviours,whichisinmanywaysagoodthing.Buttoooftenwetakethisprocesstoo

farandendupsuppressingemotions,especiallynegativeones.thafsaboutaseffectiveasbrushing

dirtunderacarpetandcanevenmakeusill.Whatweneedtodoisfindawaytoacknowledgeand

expresswhatwefeelappropriately,andthen-againlikechildren-move.

42.

AcoupleofChristmasesago,myyoungeststepdaughter,whowasnineyearsoldatthetime,

gotaSupermanT-shirtforChristmas.Itcostlessthanafiverbutshewasoveijoyed,andcouldn't

stoptalkingaboutit.Toooftenwebelievethatanewjob,biggerhouseorbettercarwillbethe

magicsilverbulletthatwillallowustofinallybecontent,buttherealityisthesethingshavevery

littlelastingimpactonourhappinesslevels.Instead,beinggratefulfbrsmallthingseverydayisa

muchbetterwaytoimprovewellbeing.

43._______________________

Haveyouevernoticedhowmuchchildrenlaugh?Ifweadultscouldindulgeinabitof

sillinessandgiggling,wewouldreducethestresshormonesinourbodies,increasegood

hormoneslikeendorphins,improvebloodflowtoourheartsandevenhaveagreaterchanceof

fightingoffenfection.Allofwhich,ofcourse,haveapositiveeffectonhappinesslevels.

44.___________________

Theproblemwithbeingagrownupisthatthere*sanawfullotofseriousstufftodeal

with--work,mortgagepayments,figuringoutwhattocookfordinner.Butasadultswealsohave

theluxuryofbeingabletocontrolourowndiariesandit'simportantthatwescheduleintimeto

enjoythethingswelove.Thosethingsmightbesocial,sporting,creativeorcompletely

random(dancingaroudthelivingroom,anyone?)--itdoesn'tmatter,solongasthey'reenjoyable,

andnotlikelytohavenegativesideeffects,suchasdrinkingtoomuchalcoholorgoingonawild

spendingspreeifyou'reonatightbudget.

45.___________________

Havingsaidalloftheabove,it'simportanttoaddthatweshouldn'ttrytoohardtobe

happy.Scientiststellusthiscanbackfireandactuallyhaveanegativeimpactonourwellbeing.As

theChinesephilosopherChuangTzuisreportedtohavesaid:"Happinessistheabsenceofstriving

forhappiness.HAndinthat,oncemore,weneedtolooktotheexampleofourchildren,towhom

happinessisnotagoalbutanaturalbyproductofthewaytheylive.

SectionIIITranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWER

SHEET2.(15points)

46.Directions:

TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenontheANSWER

SHEET.(15points)

Thesupermarketisdesignedtolurecustomersintospendingasmuchtimeaspossiblewithin

itsdoors.Thereasonforthisissimple:Thelongeryoustayinthestore,themorestuffyou'llsee,

andthemorestuffyousee,themoreyou*11buy.Andsupermarketscontainalotofstuff.The

averagesupermarket,accordingtotheFoodMarketingInstitute,carriessome44,00different

items,andmanycarrytensofthousandsmore.Thesheervolumeofavailablechoiceisenoughto

sendshoppersintoastateofinformationoverload.Accordingtobrain-scanexperiments,the

demandsofsomuchdecision-makingquicklybecometoomuchforus.Afterabout40minutesof

shopping,mostpeoplestopstrugglingtoberationallyselective,andinsteadbeginshopping

emotionally-whichisthepointatwhichweaccumulatethe50percentofstuffinourcartthatwe

neverintendedbuying.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

SupposeyouwonatranslationcontestandyourfriendJackwroteanemailtocongratulate

you,andaskadviceontranslation.Writehimareplyto

1)thankhim;

2)giveyouradvice.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANWSERSHEET.Donotsignyouownnameattheendof

theletter,use“LiMing“instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10point)

PartB

48.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart,youshould

1)inteipretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points).

2016年全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試英語(yǔ)（二）答案詳解

SectionIUseofEnglish

1、［答案］Chow

［解析］根據(jù)空格所在句子可以看出，空格處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞，做

influence的賓語(yǔ)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思中，只有C°how引導(dǎo)后面的內(nèi)容做influence的賓語(yǔ)，

前后意思合理。

2、［答案］BInparticular

［解析］空格的前一句話的內(nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投資更多的錢(qián)?？崭袼?/p>

在句的內(nèi)容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的錢(qián)。很顯然，前后句子是

總分關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中，只有B選項(xiàng)可以體現(xiàn)總分關(guān)系。

3、［答案］Dnecessaiy

［解析］根據(jù)空格處前后的內(nèi)容，formakinginvestmentsforthefuture是做后置定語(yǔ)

修飾longer-termthinking和happinesso幸福，這種持久的思維模式對(duì)于對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行投資

,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有Donecessary做后置定語(yǔ)符合前后內(nèi)容。其他選項(xiàng)與原文內(nèi)容語(yǔ)

義不符。

4、［答案］Coptimism

［解析］空格處的內(nèi)容與inclinationforrisk-taking由and連接，構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，后面

thatcomewithhappiness定語(yǔ)從句既修飾空格處的內(nèi)容，也修飾inclinationforrisk-taking,所

以選項(xiàng)中可以由thatcomewithhappiness修飾的只有C選項(xiàng)optimism。

5、［答案］Dchange

［解析］空格處的內(nèi)容和thewaycompaniesinvested構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配。選項(xiàng)中A。echo回

聲B。miss思念C。spoil溺愛(ài)D。change改變，所以只有D選項(xiàng)可以和

thewaycompaniesinvested構(gòu)成通順語(yǔ)義。故D項(xiàng)正確。

6、［答案］Bmeasured

［解析］原文：

SotheycomparedU.S。cilies'averagehappinessbyGalluppollingwiththeinvestmenta

ctivityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas。所以他們比較美國(guó)城市的平均幸福，這種幸福

是根據(jù)蓋洛普在上市公司的投資活動(dòng)地區(qū)民意調(diào)查來(lái)oAimagined想象，

Dassumed假定與民意調(diào)查的客觀性是不符的，故排除，Cinvemed發(fā)明，與文意不符，故

選Bmeasured，衡量，測(cè)量。

7、［答案］Asure

［解析］若要判斷此空的答案，需要結(jié)合文章上下文來(lái)判斷。這句話和本篇完型的第二段

的首句的含義是相同的。第二段的首句：

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,含義為：坐落在幸福人們多的地

方的公司會(huì)加大研發(fā)投入力度。本段首句其實(shí)是對(duì)于這一中心的重復(fù)闡述，因此選Ao

8、［答案］Dheadquartered

［解析］原文：

firms,investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichthey

were。公司的投資與研發(fā)強(qiáng)度與公司所的地區(qū)的幸福度相關(guān)。依據(jù)第7

題的答案，我們可以推斷，這句話所填寫(xiě)的單詞和located應(yīng)該是近義，Aadvertised廣

告；Bdivided分割；Covertaxed負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重；均與本文含義不符，故選D,headquartered設(shè)

AL總部0

9、［答案］Aexplain

［解析］原

文：...couldsomethingelseabouthappiercitieswhyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?

此句也是對(duì)于本文中心的再次論證。還有其他的什么可以公司在幸福的城市加入

研發(fā)投入力度嗎？這句話之后就是具體的原因陳述。Boverstate夸張；Csummarize總結(jié)；

Demphasize強(qiáng)調(diào)；均不符合文意，所以以上三項(xiàng)皆排除。故選Aexpressft?#,闡釋。

10、［答案］Bfactors

［解析］原

文：Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvariousthatmightmakefirmsmorelikel

ytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales,為了找到答案，研究人員控制了各種各樣的可

能會(huì)讓公司加大投資的—比如大小