2022考研英語(yǔ)大綱變動(dòng)一覽表(新增詞匯附中文釋義)

2022考研英語(yǔ)大綱變動(dòng)一覽表

第一部分附錄1詞匯表

1.新增詞匯

順序新增音標(biāo)釋義

aftermath/'aeftsrmgeO/后果；余波

aggregate/'a5gngat/合計(jì);集合體

albeit/,0i11bi：It/雖然，盡管

algorithm/'aelgarlSom/算法，運(yùn)算法則

a

align/o'lain/使結(jié)盟；使成一行

archive/'a：rkaiv/檔案館；檔案文件

arena/o'ri：no/舞臺(tái)；競(jìng)技場(chǎng)

artifact/'a:rtlfckt/人工制品，手工藝品

bearing/beriij/軸承；關(guān)系

bbolster/'boulstor/長(zhǎng)枕，墊枕

brevity/brevoti/簡(jiǎn)潔，簡(jiǎn)短

check/tfek/檢查，核對(duì)

concurrent/konk3:ront/并發(fā)的；一致的

configuration/kon.ftgjorelfn/配置；結(jié)構(gòu)

c

contingent,Hontindjont/偶然（發(fā)生）的

convene/kanvi：n/召集，集合

coronavirus/korounovairos/冠狀病毒

corporate/'koirpgrot/法人的；共同的，全體的

culminate/kAlminelt/到絕頂；達(dá)到高潮

cumulative/'kjuimjoleitiv/累積的

duanting/'do：ntiq/使人畏縮的；使人氣餒的

demographic/.demo'grseftk/人口結(jié)構(gòu)的；人口統(tǒng)計(jì)的

deplete/dipli：t/耗盡,用盡

deploy/di'ploi/配置；展開

deter/di't3：r/制止，阻止

d

directly/do'rektli,dal'rektli/直接地；立即

discrete/di'skri：t/離散的，不連續(xù)的

discretion/di'skrefn/自由裁量權(quán)；謹(jǐn)慎

drone/droun/嗡嗡聲

dual/'du:91/雙的；雙重的

elicit/I'llsit/引出；探出

empathy/'empoOi/同感；共鳴

enquiry/inquiry/'inkworijnkwaiari/調(diào)查；查究

e

epic/'eplk/敘事詩(shī)；史詩(shī)

equity/'ekwati/（公司的）股本；資產(chǎn)凈值

erodeZl'roud/侵蝕；腐蝕

ffacet/'fesit/（事物的）部分，方面

ggadget/'gaedsit/小器具；小裝置

icon/'alkain/圖標(biāo)；圖符

i

imminent/iminont/即將發(fā)生的；臨近的

inflict/in'flikt/使遭受打擊，?使吃苦頭

influenza/.influenza/流感

invoke/in'vouk/援引，援用

jjurisdiction/.djuns'dikfri/司法權(quán);審判權(quán)

lawsuit/,10：SU：t/訴訟;起訴

1

lucrative/'luIkrotiv/賺大錢的；獲利多的

mandate/'micndelt/授權(quán)；命令

media/'mi：di。/媒體

m

mediate/'mi：dieit/調(diào)停；調(diào)解

mentor/'mento:r/導(dǎo)師；顧問(wèn)

0overt/ou'v3:rt,'ouv3:rt/公開的；明顯的

paradigm/'paerodaim/典范；范例

plagiarism/'pleidsorizom/抄襲；剽竊

policewoman/po'liiswumon/女警察

P

protocol/'proutoka：1/協(xié)議；草案

propagate/'pra：pogeit/傳播；宣傳

proximate/'pra:ksimot/近似的；最近的

quarantine/'kwo:rontiin/（為防傳染的）隔離期；檢疫

q

query/'kwiri/疑問(wèn)；詢問(wèn)

resilient/ri'ziliont/迅速恢復(fù)的；有適應(yīng)力的

r

rhetoric/'retsrik/華而不實(shí)的言語(yǔ)；花言巧語(yǔ)

ssibling/'siblig/兄；弟；姐；妹

situate/sitjuelt/使位于；使坐落于

slump/slAmp/（價(jià)格、數(shù)量等）驟降，猛跌

stagnate/'sta2gneit/停滯；不發(fā)展

stance/staens/立場(chǎng)；姿態(tài)

stipulate/'stipjuleit/規(guī)定，?明確要求

surveillance/s3:r'veilsns/監(jiān)督；監(jiān)視

tangible/'taendsobl/有形的；實(shí)際的

ttemporal/'tempgrol/暫時(shí)的；當(dāng)時(shí)的

transition/traen'zljn,tr^n'slfn/過(guò)渡；轉(zhuǎn)變

uusually/ju:3uoli,ju:Joli/通常地；正常地

variance/'verigns/vasrisns/變化幅度；差額

venue/'venju：/聚會(huì)地點(diǎn)；舉行場(chǎng)所

V

viable/'vaiobl/可實(shí)施的；切實(shí)可行的

volatile/'va：Inti/易變的；無(wú)定性的

warranty/'wo：ronti/保證；擔(dān)保

wary/weri/小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的

wwhereby/werbai/憑此；借以

worker/'w3irkar/工作者；人員

workout/'w3irkaut/

2.變動(dòng)詞匯

順序2020大綱2021大綱

aesthetic/esthetic(a)esthetic

air-conditioningairconditioning

aluminium/aluminumalumin(i)um

amidamid(st)

analog(u)eanalog(ue)

analyse/analyzeanalyse/-yze

a

anybodyanybody/anyone

anyway

anyway-anyhow

anyhow

apologise/apologizeapologise/-ize

appal/appallappal(1)

autumnautumn/fall

ax/axeax(e)

bibleBible

bacterium([/;/.]bacteria)bacteria

b

behaviour/behaviorbehavio(u)r

bypass/by-passbypass

cafecafe/cafe

catalogue/cataloguecatalog(ue)

centigradecentigrade/Celsius

centimetre/centimetercentimetre/-ter

centre/centercentre/-ter

chairmanchaiman/chairwoman/chairperson

characterise/characterizecharacterise/-ize

child(I);/.]children)child

ccigaret/cigarettecigaret(te)

civilisation/civilizationcivilisation/-zation

civilise/civilizecivilise/-ize

colour/colorcolo(u)r

connexion/connectionconnection/-xion

cosycosy/-zy

crisis([p/.]crises)crisis

criterion([/?/.]criteria)criterion

criticise/criticizecriticise/-ize

curriculum([/?/.]curricula)curriculum

defence/defensedefense/-ce

ddialogue/dialogdialog(ue)

distilldistil(1)

emphasise/emphasizeemphasise/-ize

encyclopaedia/cncyclopcdiaencyclop(a)edia

e

endeavour/endeavorendeavo(u)r

enroll/enrolenrol(1)

ffavour/favorfavo(u)r

favourable/fovorablefavo(u)rable

favourite/favoritefavo(u)rite

fertiliser/fertilizerfertiliser/-zer

fibre/fiberfibre/-bcr

flavour/flavorflavo(u)r

foot([p/.]feet)foot

formula(|/?/.]fbrmulae)formula

fulfil/fulfillfulfil(1)

generalise/gcneralizegeneralise/-ize

glamour/glamorglamo(u)r

ggoodby/goodbyegoodbye

goose([pl.]geese)goose

gramme/gramgram(me)

hamburgehamburger/burger

harbour/harborharbo(u)r

hero

hero/heroin

heroin

hhonour/honorhono(u)r

honourablc/honorablehono(u)rable

host

host/hostess

hostess

humour/humorhumo(u)r

humoroushumo(u)rous

ice-creamicecream

index([pL]indexes,indicesindex

iindustrialise/industrializeindustrialise/-ize

instal/installinstal(1)

installmentinstal(1)ment

InternetIntemet/intemet

jewellery/jeweleryjewel(le)ry

j

judgement/judgmentjudg(e)ment

kilo/kilogramme/kilogramkilogram(me)/kilo

k

kilometre/kilometerkilometre/-ter

labour/laborlabo(u)r

licence/licenselicense/-ce

1

litre/literlitre/-ter

living-roomlivingroom

madame/madammadam

marvellous/marvelousmarvel(1)ous

mmaths/math/mathematicsmathematics/math(s)

medium([p/.]media)medium

memo

memorandum/meino

memorandum

metre/metermetre/-ter

millimetre/millimetermillimetre/-ter

minimise/minimizeminimise/-ize

mobilise/mobilizemobilise/-ize

modcmisation/modemizationmodemisation/-zation

mould/moldmo(u)Id

mouse([p/.]mice)mouse

neighbour/ncighborneighbo(u)r

neighbourhood/neighborhoodneighbo(u)rhood

n

normalisation/normalizationnormalisation/-zation

nucleus([p/.]nuclei)nucleus

odour/odorodo(u)r

oftenoften/oftentimes

okay/O.K./OKokay/OK

0organisation/organizationorganisation/-zation

organise/organizeorganise/-ize

oughtoughtto

owingowingto

paralyse/paralyzeparalyse/-yze

petrolpetrol/gasoline/gasolene

postmanpostman/mailman

Ppractise

practise/-ice

practice

programme/programeprogram(me)

proceedingproceedings

railroad

railway/railroad

railway

realise/realizerealise/-ize

rrecognise/recognizerecognise/-ize

reflexion/reflectionreflection/-xion

resumeresume/resume

rumour/rumorrumo(u)r

salesmansalesman/saleswoman/salesperson

skepticalsceptical/skeptical

skillful/skilfulskil(1)fill

specialise/specializespecialise/-ize

sspokesmanspokesman/spokeswoman/spokesperson

sportsmansportsman/sportswoman

static(al)static

stewardsteward(ess)

storey/storystor(e)y

summarise/summarizesummarise/-ize

sympathise/sympathizesympathise/-ize

systematic(al)systematic

tactic(s)tactic

technologytechnology/tech

telephonetelephone/phone

ttheatre/theatertheatre/-ter

thesis([/?/.]theses)thesis

tooth([/7/.]teeth)tooth

trolly/trolleytrolley

uutilise/utilizeutilise/-ize

Vvapour/vaporvapo(u)r

waggon/wagonwag(g)on

waiter

waiter/waitress

wwaitress

whilewhile/whilst

whisky/whiskeywhisk(e)y

yourself

yyourself([/?/.]yourselves)

yourselves

3.刪減詞匯

順序刪減

acrobat

aadjoin

amplifier

bosom

brim

b

brittle

brook

ccaress

daunt

ddefendant

disgrace

fell

f

fitting

gasolene/gasoline

g

gallop

hhighland

inlet

i

inquiry/enquiry

1loudspeaker

moss

m

mutton

nNegro

0overpass

pail

phone

P

piston

prick

quartz

q

quench

rain

rainbow

r

rotary

ruby

seaside

sham

sshopkeeper

slit

snowstorm

tar

telegram

t

telescope

tramp

uuproar

weld

w

wreath

zzinc

第二部分附錄2常用的前綴和后綴

1.新增

序號(hào)具體內(nèi)容

a-：notorwithout；inaparticularconditionorwaytypically——

1atypically

wake—awake

ante-：beforeorearlier；infrontof

2date—antedate

room—anteroom

3cyber-：relatingtocomputers,theInternet,andvirtualreality

crime-cybercrime

down-：lowerinposition,amount,quality,orimportanceriver—

4downriver

size-downsize

e-：electronic,onorusingtheInternet

5

commerce-e-commerce

eco-：connectedwiththeenvironment

6

disaster一eco-disaster

hemi-：half

7

sphere-hemisphere

hyper-：morethanusual

8

tension—hypertension

hypo-：lessthanusual

9

tension—hypotension

meta-：beyond,higher

10

analysis—meta-analysis

milli-：onethousandthpartof

11

meter-millimeter

neo-：neworrecent,orinamodernfbnn

12

classicism—neoclassicism

off-：notonorawayfrom

13

stage-offstage

oft-：often

14

quoted-oft-quoted

omni-：all,completely

15

present~omnipresent

pan-：includingorrelatingtoallpartsormembers

16

African-pan-African

para-：beyond；similartobutnotofficialornotfullyqualified

17normal-paranormal

medic-paramedic

retro-：backorbackwards

18

active-retroactive

up-：atortowardsthehigherorbetterpart；movedorchangedcompletely

19market—upmarket

end-upend

-ing

20

surf-surfing

-let

21book-booklet

drop-droplet

-y

22inquire-inquiry

orthodox-orthodoxy

-ed

23talent—talented

badtemper-bad-tempered

-esque

24picture-picturesque

Roman-Romanesque

-friendly

25user-user-friendlyenvironment一

environment-friendly

2.變動(dòng)

序號(hào)2020大綱2021大綱

aero-：concerningtheairoraircraftaero-：concerningtheairoraircraft

1plane-aeroplanedynamic-aerodynamic

space—aerospacespace-aerospace

anti-：against；oppositeof；anti-：opposedto；theoppositeof；

nuclear-antinuclearpreventing

2matter-antimatterpoverty-anti-poverty

war-antiwarclimax—anticlimax

theft—antitheft

auto-：oforbyyourselfauto-：oforbyyourself；workingbyitself

3biography—autobiographybiography—autobiography

criticism-autocriticismpilot-autopilot

be-：totreatasthestatedthingbe-：treatas；wearingorcoveredwith

4friend-befriendlittle—belittle

little—belittlejewel—bejewelled

bi-：two；twice；doublebi-：two；occurringtwiceoratintervalsof

lingual-bilingualtwo

5

cycle-bicyclelateral—bilateral

annual—biannual

bio-：concerninglivingthingsbio-：relatingtolifeorlivingthings

6

chemistry-biochemistrydiversity—biodiversity

by-,bye-：lessimportantby-：lessimportant

7product-by-productproduct-by-product

way-byway

centi-：hundredthpartofaunitcenti-：onehundredth；hundred

8grade-centigradeliter-centiliter

meter-centimetergrade-centigrade

co-：together;withco-:together;sharingajobor

9author-coauthorresponsibility

exist-coexistexist-coexist

author-coauthor

col-：(usedbeforeZ)together,withcol-：(usedbefore/)together

10

location-collocationlocation一collocation

com-：(usedbeforeb,m,p)com-：(usedbeforeb,m,p)together

11together,withpassion—compassion

passion-compassion

con-：together,withcon-：together

12centric-concentricfederation-confederation

federation-confederation

contra-：oppositecontra-：against,oppositeflow—

13diction-condictioncontraflow

natural-contranatural

cor-：(usedbeforer)together,withcor-：(usedbeforer)together

14

relate-correlaterelate-correlate

respond-correspond

counter-:oppositeact一counter-：against,opposite；inthe

counteractattack-oppositedirection；corresponding

15counterattackexample-counter-example

clockwise-counterclockwise

part-counterpart

cross-：across；goingbetweenthecross-：across；combiningorinvolving

statedthingsandjoiningthemdifferentthings

16

country—cross-countryborder-cross-border

breed-crossbreedcultural-cross-cultural

de-：showinganopposite；toremove；de-：dotheoppositeof；remove；reduce

toreduceactivate-deactivate

17

code-decodefrost-defrost

value—devaluevalue-devalue

dis-：not；theoppositeofdis-：theoppositeof；stoporremove

advantage—disadvantagehonesty-dishonestyconnect一

18

agree-disagreedisconnect

honest-dishonest

em-：(usedbeforeb,m,p)tocauseem-：(usedbeforeb,加，p)putintoor

tobecomeonto,orprovidewith；causetobe

19

body—embodypower-empower

power-empowerbitter-embitter

en-：tocausetobecome：tomakeen-：putintooronto,orprovidewith；

danger-endangercausetobe

20

large—enlargedanger-endanger

large—enlarge

ex-：former(andstillliving)ex-：former

21minister-ex-ministerwife—ex-wife

wife—ex-wife

22extra-：outside；beyondextra-：outsideorbeyond；veryormore

curricular~~extracurricularthannormal

ordinary—extraordinarycurricular-extracurricular

large-extra-large

fore-：inadvance,before；inoratthefore-：beforeorinadvance；inoratthe

frontfrontof

23

arm-forearmtell—foretell

warn-forewarnname—forename

il-：(usedbefore1)notil-：(usedbefore/)not

24legal—illegallogical-illogical

literate—illiterate

im-：(usedbeforeb,m,p)notim-：(usedbeforeb,m,p)not

25moral-immoralmoral-immoral

possible-impossible

in-：notin-：not

26direct—indirectsensitive——insensitive

sensitive—insensitive

infra-：belowinarange；beyondinfra-：belowsomethinginarange

27red一infraredsonic—infrasonic

structure-infrastructure

inter-：between；amonginter-：between；involvingtwoormore

28change—interchangestate-interstate

national—internationalnational-international

intra-：inside,within；intointra-：within；into

29city—intracityEuropean-intra-European

department-intra-departmentmuscular-intramuscular

ir-：(usedbeforer)notir-：(usedbeforer)not

30regular-irregularregular-irregular

responsible——irresponsible

kilo-：thousandkilo-：thousand

31gram-kilogrammeter-kilometer

meter-kilometer

macro-：large,esp.concerningawholemacro-：large,large-scale

systemratherthanparticularpartsofeconomics—macroeconomics

32

economics—macroeconomics

structure—macrostructure

mal-：badorbadlymal-：badorbadly；notcorrector

function—malfunctioncorrectly

33

treat-maltreatpractice-malpractice

function-malfunction

micro-：extremelysmallmicro-：small,small-scale；onemillionth

computer-microcomputerpartof

34

electronics-microelectronicsorganism-microorganism

second-microsecond

35mid-：middlemid-：themiddleofaparticularperiodof

day—middaytimeoraparticularplace

night—midnightSeptember-mid-Septcmber

west-midwest

mono-：one；singleplane一mono-：one,single

36monoplanelingual—monolingual

tone-monotone

multi-：morethanone；manymulti-：morethanoneortwo,many

37purpose—multipurposenational-multinational

national—multinationalpurpose-multipurpose

non-：notnon-：not

38resident—non(-)residentsmoker-non-smoker

sense-nonsense

out-：outside；beyondout-：bigger,further,greater,etc；

live-outlivedoor-outsideorbeyond

39

outdoorlive-outlive

door~outdoor

over-：toomuch；above；additionalover-：toomuch；above；additional

head-overheadweight-overweighthead一

40

time—overtimeoverhead

time-overtime

poly-：manycentric一poly-：many

41polycentriccentric-polycentric

syllabic-polysyllabic

post-：laterthan；afterpost-：afterorlaterthan

42graduate-postgraduatewar-postwar

war-postwar

pre-：before；inadvancepre-：beforeorinadvance

43pay——prepayindustrial—pre-industrial

war-prewar

pro-:infavorof,supportingpro-：infavorof,supporting；actingasa

America-pro-Americasubstitutefor

44

abortion—pro-abortionEuropean-pro-European

noun——pronoun

pseudo-：notreal；falsename一pseudo-：falseornotreal

45pseudonymscience-pseudoscience

science—pseudoscience

re-：again；backtotheformerstatere-：again；againinabetterordifferent

unite——reuniteway；backtoaformerstate

46use——reuseapply-reapply

write—rewrite

unite-reunite

sell：bymeansofoneselforitself；self-：relatingtoyourselforitself

47

of,to,with,for,orinoneselforevident-self-evident

itself

employed—self-employed

taught-self-taught

semi-：half；partlycircle一semi-：half；partialorpartlycircle一

48semicirclesemicircle

final-semifinalconscious—semiconscious

step-：notbybirthbutthroughastep-：relatedasaresultofoneparent

parentwhohasremarriedmarryingagain

49

mother-stepmothermother-stepmother

children-stepchildren

sub-:under,below；lessimportant；sub-：underorbelow；partofabigger

partofthestatedbiggerwholewhole；notasgoodasotherpeopleor

divide-subdividethings

50

section—subsectionway—subway

section-subsection

standard—substandard

super-：more,larger,greaterthansuper-：more,larger,greaterthanusual

usualnatural-supernatural

51

market—supermarket

natural—supernatural