甘肅省蘭州市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE24甘肅省蘭州市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）說明：本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，滿分120分?？荚嚂r間100分鐘。答案寫在答題卡上，交卷時只交答題卡。第I卷選擇題（共50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。AEachapplicanttoHarvardCollegeisconsideredwithgreatcare.WeconsidereachapplicanttoHarvardCollegeasawholeperson,andputenormouscareintoevaluatingeveryapplication.Wehopeyouwillexploretheinformationinthissectiontounderstandwhatwelookforinouradmissionsprocess.HowtoApplySubmityourapplicationthroughtheCommonApplication,theCoalitionApplication,ortheUniversalCollegeApplication.EachistreatedequallybytheAdmissionsCommittee.Completeandsubmityourmaterialsassoonaspossibletoensurefullandtimelyconsiderationofyourapplication.ViewourApplicationTipsforstep-by-stepinformation.WhentoApplyDateDeadlineDateDeadlineNovember1EarlyActionDeadlineMarch1FinancialAidApplicationdeadlineNovember1EarlyFinancialAidApplicationdeadlineLateMarchDecisionlettersmailedMid-DecemberEarlyAuctiondecisionsreleasedMay1ReplydateforAdmittedStudentsJanuary1RegularDecisiondeadlineWhatWeLookForWeseekpromisingstudentswhowillcontributetotheHarvardcommunityduringtheircollegeyears,andtosocietythroughouttheirlives.Whileacademicaccomplishmentisthebasicrequirement,theAdmissionCommitteeconsidersmanyotherfactors—strongpersonalqualities,specialtalentsorexcellencesofallkinds,perspectivesformedbyunusualpersonalcircumstances,andtheabilitytotakeadvantageofavailableresourcesandopportunities.WeoutlineeverythingyouneedtoapplytoHarvard.Clicks://college.harvard.edu/admissions/applytogetdetailedrequirements.1.Wherecanyoufindstep-by-stepinformationofhowtoapply?A.CommonApplication. B.CoalitionApplication.C.UniversalCollegeApplication. D.ApplicationTips.2.WhichisthefinaldayforFinancialAidApplication?A.November1. B.January1.C.March1. D.May1.3.WhatisthebasicrequirementtoapplyforHarvardUniversity?A.Academicaccomplishment. B.Strongpersonalqualities.C.Specialtalents. D.Uniqueperspectives.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了申請進(jìn)入哈佛高校的流程，包括如何申請、何時申請以及哈佛高校關(guān)注何種類型的考生?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“HowtoApply”部分中的最終一句ViewourApplicationTipsforstep-by-stepinformation可知，假如要知道申請步驟，可以閱讀申請建議，故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞finalday定位至WhentoApply部分，依據(jù)所列表格中March1FinancialAidApplicationdeadline可知，助學(xué)金申請的最終期限是3月1日，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)WhatWeLookFor部分中的其次段中的Whileacademicaccomplishmentisthebasicrequirement可知，進(jìn)入哈佛高校就讀的最基本條件是學(xué)術(shù)成就滿足要求，故選A?！军c睛】文章內(nèi)容較為簡潔，集中考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，對此類題型，考生可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞然后以此為線索，運用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中快速找尋這一細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容細(xì)致閱讀一遍，細(xì)致比較所給選項與文中細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的微小區(qū)分。如小題2題干中關(guān)鍵詞的thefinalday，到文章找到關(guān)鍵詞deadline。所以我們考生要通過比較這些微小區(qū)分，細(xì)致辨別才能得出答案。BWilliamI,whoconqueredEnglandsome930yearsago,hadwealth,powerandanarmy.YetalthoughWilliamwasveryrichbythestandardofhistime,hehadnothinglikeaflushtoilet(抽水馬桶)，orridinglawnmower(除草機(jī)).Howdidhegetby?Historybooksarefilledwithwealthypeoplewhowerepoorcomparedtome.Ihavestormwindows,Croesusdidnot.EntirenationstrembledbeforeAlexandertheGreat,buthecouldn,tbuycatfood.CzarNicholaslackedanelectricsaw.GivenhowmuchbetteroffIamthansomanyfamousdeadpeople,you,dthinkI,dbecontent.Thetroubleisthat,likemostpeople,Icomparemywealthwiththatoflivingpersons:neighbors,schoolclassmates,famousTVpeople.ThegreedIfeeltowardmyfriendHoward,snewkitchenisnotreducedbythefactnokingseverhadarefrigeratorwithglassdoors.’Thereisreallynorisingorfallingstandardofliving.Overthecenturiespeoplesimplyfinddifferentthingstofeelsadabout.You,dthinkthatsimplynothavingdiseasewouldputusinagoodmood,butno,wewantahotbathtoo.Ofcourse,onewaytoachievehappinesswouldbetorealizethatevenbytoday,sstandardsthethingsIownareprettynice.Myhouseissmallerthanthehousesofmanyinvestmentsbankers,butevensoithasalotmoreroomsthanmywifeandIcankeepclean.Besides,topeoplelookingbackatourerafromacenturyortwointhefuture,thesebankers,fancycountertopsandmyownwornFormicawillseemequallyshabby.Ican,tkeepupwithmyneighborsrightnow.Butjustwait.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getby”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Succeedasaking. B.Dealwithcomplaints.C.Liveinssatisfactoryway. D.Getsomeextramoney.5.Howmanyhistoricalfiguresarementionedtocomparelivesinthepastandpresent?A.3. B.4.C.5 D.66.Accordingtothepassage,theauthor.intendsto.A.tellustobecontentwithlifeB.warnustoliveinasimplewayC.teachustolearnlessonsfromlifeD.encourageustostruggleforwealth7.What,stheauthor,sattitudetowardslife?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic.C.Uncaring. D.Cautious.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【解析】本文屬于爭論文，無論一個人多么的富有，但是用將來人的角度來看，其生活質(zhì)量都不是很好的，因此作者建議大家要對將來充溢信念，也要滿足當(dāng)下的生活?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第一段YetalthoughWilliamwasveryrichbythestandardofhistime,hehadnothinglikeaflushtoilet(抽水馬桶)，orridinglawnmower(除草機(jī)).可知，盡管威廉一世在他那個時代很富有，但是他沒有像抽水馬桶、除草機(jī)這一類的東西，通過Howdidhe可知，他是怎樣生活的呢？可知推出getby的意思是通過，過得去，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。本文提及了WilliamI威廉一世，Croesus克羅伊斯，AlexandertheGreat亞歷山大大帝，CzarNicholas沙皇尼古拉斯共計4個歷史人物，故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段Ofcourse,onewaytoachievehappinesswouldbetorealizethatevenbytoday,sstandardsthethingsIownareprettynice.可知，獲得華蜜的一種方式就是意識到，即使依據(jù)今日的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，我擁有的東西都很不錯，作者認(rèn)為獲得華蜜感在于對當(dāng)前擁有的東西感到滿足，故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Besides,topeoplelookingbackatourerafromacenturyortwointhefuture,thesebankers,fancycountertopsandmyownwornFormicawillseemequallyshabby.用將來一兩個世紀(jì)的人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來看今日，不管是銀行家絢麗的工作臺面還是我家的裝飾材料都相當(dāng)寒磣，故可知，作者認(rèn)為生活會隨著時代的發(fā)展而進(jìn)步，故選B。CItisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocial-economicbackgroundstendtodolesswellintheeducationsystem.Inanattempttohelpthechildrenofpoorfamilies,anationwideprogramcalled“Headstart”wasstartedintheUSin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthemsucceedinschool.Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeers(同齡人)inlanguageandintelligenceandtheparentswerenotinvolvedintheprocess.Attheendofeachday,“Headstart”childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.Toimprovetheresults,anotherprogramwasstartedinMissourithatconcentratedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachers.Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththefamilyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-yearstudyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandrepresenteddifferentsocial-economicstatus,ageandfamilystructure.Theprograminvolvedtrainededucatorsvisitingandworkingwiththeparentorparentsandthechild.Theprogramalsogavetheparentssomeguidance,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.Atthree,thechildreninvolvedinthe“Missouri”programwereevaluatedwiththechildrenselectedfromthesamesocial-economicbackgroundandfamilysituations.Theresultswereobvious.Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingandotherintellectual(智力的)skillsthantheirpeers.Theyperformedequallywellregardlessofsocial-economicbackgroundsorfamilystructure.Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild’sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.The“Missouri”programcomparesquiteclearlywiththe“Headstart”program.Withoutasimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness.8.Whatcausedthefailureofthe“Headstart”program?A.Thelargenumberofpoorfamilies.B.Thelatestartoftheprogram.C.Thedisapprovalfromchildren.D.Thelongperiodoftime.9.Accordingtothepassage,whatislikelytoinfluencechildren’sperformance?A.Thenumberoffamilymembers. B.Theintelligenceoftheirparents.C.Theparent-childcommunication. D.Theteacher-studentrelationship.10.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bymakingcomparisons. B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bydrawingconclusions.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】本文屬于說明文，為了探討促進(jìn)貧困家庭孩子智力發(fā)展，分別進(jìn)行了Headstart和Missouri項目進(jìn)行探討，結(jié)果一個失敗了，一個勝利了，發(fā)覺了父母與孩子的溝通更影響孩子的智力發(fā)育?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Buttheresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.”可知，結(jié)果不佳，因為項目起先的太晚了，故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Theonefactorthatwasfoundtoaffectthechild,sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.”可知影響兒童發(fā)展一個因素是親子互動質(zhì)量差。這種互動在較貧困的家庭中并不肯定是壞的。故可知，父母與孩子的溝通很可能影響孩子的發(fā)展，故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段第一句“The“Missouri”programcomparesquitedistinctlywiththe“Headstart”program.”可知“密蘇里”支配與“先驅(qū)者”支配的對比特別明顯，即作者是通過二者之間的對比來發(fā)展文章內(nèi)容的，故選A。其次節(jié)閱讀補全(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)BecomingRefreshedwithoutsleepingSometimesthereisjustnotenoughhoursinthedaytogeteverythingdoneandgetagoodnight’srest.___11___Onceinawhileyoucangetawaywithasleeplessnightandstillfeelreasonablygoodbyadjustingyourmealsandactivities.____12____Thelastthingyouwanttodowhenyouaretiredisgetwarmandcozy,thiswillcauseyoutofallasleep.Keepingtheairconditioneronwillmakeyoufeelmuchmorealertandrefreshed.Eatsmallamounts.Eatingsmallamountsofhealthyfoodwillhelprefreshyou.Fruitandnutsareagoodchoicebecausetheyarenutritiousandwillenergizeyou___13___Trytosticktolowcarbonmealstokeepyougoing.Chewinggumafteryoursnackorsmallmealwillalsohelpkeepyouawake.Keepitbright.Whenitisdarkyourbodythinksitistimetogotosleep.Turnonlotsoflights,whichwilltrickyourbodyintowakingupandfeelingbetter.___14___Yougetdoublethebenefitsifitisdaytime.Takeabreak.Takingalittlebreakwillhelpyouinthelongrun.Turnupsomeenergizingmusictogetyourselfpositive.Relaxandtalktoafriendinpersonoronthephoneforafewminutes.___15___A.KeepitcoolB.CalmdownandsleepC.Avoidbig,heavymealsastheywillmakeyoutiredD.GoingoutsidewhetheritisdayornightforsomefreshairE.MissingsleepregularlycanmakeyousickandshouldbeavoidedF.Whenyouaretired,youmayjustwanttositaroundanddonothingG.Havingagoodtimeforafewminuteswillrefreshyouquickerthananythingelse.【答案】11.E12.A13.C14.D15.G【解析】本文是說明文。介紹不睡覺使你精神煥發(fā)的方法?！?1題詳解】依據(jù)上句：有時候，一天中沒有足夠的時間來完成每件事，并得到一個好的睡眠。再依據(jù)空格下句：間或你也能度過一個不眠之夜，并通過調(diào)整你的飲食和活動仍舊感覺不錯?？芍懊嬲f到notenoughhoursintheday一天沒有足夠時間睡好，下面要說常常這樣缺覺的后果，此空要表達(dá)的意思是”常常失眠會使你生病，應(yīng)當(dāng)避開”。故選E。【12題詳解】此空相當(dāng)于一個小標(biāo)題。依據(jù)小標(biāo)題的特點和下文每段句首，可知此空應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個祈使句，在A/B/C三個選項中選擇。再依據(jù)下文：保持空調(diào)開著會讓你感到更加醒悟和精神激昂?？芍狝.Keepitcool.符合題意。故選A?！?3題詳解】依據(jù)上文：建議吃少量的食物。吃少量的健康食品有助于復(fù)原體力。再依據(jù)空格下句：試著堅持低碳飲食來保持健康?？芍丝帐窃谡f明吃太多的壞處，它們會使你疲憊。big,heavymeals和smallamounts是反義詞，故選C。【14題詳解】依據(jù)上文：當(dāng)天黑的時候，身體會認(rèn)為該睡了。把燈打開，這會讓你的身體醒悟過來，感覺更好。再依據(jù)空格下句：假如是白天，你會得到雙倍的福利。得知這是在說前面的行為帶來的好處，建議我們：無論是白天還是晚上，到外面去呼吸簇新空氣。故選D?！?5題詳解】依據(jù)上文：從長遠(yuǎn)來看，略微休息一下對你有好處。打開一些充溢活力的音樂讓自己主動向上。放松一下，與摯友當(dāng)面或電話交談幾分鐘?？芍懊娼ㄗh做的事情都是休息一會兒，快樂幾分鐘會，這樣做比任何事情都能讓你更快地復(fù)原體力。故選G。第三節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每題1分，滿分20分）WhenIwasayoungboygrowingupinNorthDakota,mygrandparentswerefarmers;AndIrememberthehugegardenthatmyGrandma____16____．Ipromiseyouitwasabout4,000squaremetres．Well,____17____itseemedthatwaytome!She____18____thegardenallbyhand,withahoe(鋤頭)andsomewater．Eachspringthegardentookshapefromcoldflatearth,whichshechangedthroughmuchhardworkintorowsofhillsreadyfor____19____．Iespeciallyremember____20____Grandmaplantpotatoes．Grandmahad____21____potatoesfromlastyear．Shestoredthemwiththerestoftheharvestintheoutdoorcellar(地窖),wherevegetableswerekeptsafelyall____22____,Whenspringcame,we____23____lastyear'spotatoesandplantedeachpieceintoahillofsoilinthegarden．Ithoughtwewouldnever____24____theendoftheplantingworkeventhougheverybodywashelping!Beforelongthegardenbecamefully_____25_____becauseofsunnydays,warmertemperaturesandrain．_____26_____itneededlotsofhoeingandwateringbyGrandmaandherhelpertohaveaharvest．Itprovidedvegetablesthroughoutthesummer,untilthefinal_____27_____whencoldweathersetin．BythetimeThanksgivingdinner_____28_____,thegroundatmygrandparent'sfarmoftenwouldbecoveredwithsnowandwe'dbe_____29_____foralongwinter．Warminsidethehouse,aroundThanksgivingdinner,welookedthroughwindowsatbare(光禿的)treebranches(樹枝)inthe_____30_____garden．Ourwholefamilywould_____31_____potatoesandothervegetablesfromthe_____32_____．Andofcoursewonderfulpumpkin(南瓜)pie…Icansmellitnow!It's_____33_____howapumpkinpiecanmakeme_____34_____yearsofThanksgivingdinners,andhowthatwarmth_____35_____inmyheart．16.A.shared B.controlled C.owned D.found17.A.atfirst B.atlast C.atmost D.atleast18.A.lookedafter B.showedoff C.tookover D.broughtup19.A.watering B.planting C.moving D.giving20.A.helping B.watching C.making D.spying21.A.sold B.saved C.chosen D.spotted22.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter23.A.ate B.fried C.cut D.grew24.A.hear B.reach C.use D.cover25.A.important B.popular C.active D.peaceful26.A.Forexample B.Ofcourse C.Inreturn D.Afterall27.A.flavour B.harvest C.celebration D.ingredient28.A.continued B.followed C.ended D.arrived29.A.right B.ready C.fit D.safe30.A.sleeping B.changing C.tiny D.poor31.A.want B.enjoy C.send D.buy32.A.garden B.market C.store D.farm33.A.difficult B.doubtful C.amazing D.crazy34.A.accept B.understand C.realise D.remember35.A.races B.passes C.remains D.jumps【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.B20.A21.B22.D23.C24.B25.C26.B27.B28.D29.B30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C【解析】本文是記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己小時候幫奶奶在花園里種土豆，春種秋收，冬天和家人一起吃感恩節(jié)晚餐的情景。【16題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我還記得奶奶擁有的大花園。A.shared共享；B.controlled限制；C.owned擁有；D.found發(fā)覺。那個大花園是作者奶奶的。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我向你保證，它大約有4000平方米。嗯，至少在我看來是這樣的!A.atfirst起初；B.atlast最終；C.atmost至多；D.atleast至少。在小時候的作者眼里，花園至少有4000平方米那么大。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她完全靠雙手照看花園，鋤地、澆水。A.lookedafter照看；B.showedoff炫耀；C.tookover接管；D.broughtup撫養(yǎng)。依據(jù)下文“shechangedthroughmuchhardwork”可知，奶奶辛苦地照看那么大的花園。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每年春天，經(jīng)過奶奶的辛苦勞作，花園從寒冷平坦的土地變成了一排排的小土丘，打算種植。A.watering澆水；B.planting種植；C.moving搬家；D.giving給。依據(jù)下文“Whenspringcame,we8lastyear'spotatoesandplantedeachpieceintoahillofsoilinthegarden．”可知，到了春天，奶奶將地整理出來，打算種土豆。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我尤其記得幫助奶奶種土豆。A.helping幫助；B.watching觀看；C.making制造；D.spying監(jiān)視。依據(jù)下文“…everybodywashelping!”可知，春天里播種土豆是很繁重的勞動，大家都幫忙。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：奶奶從前一年就把土豆儲存下來。A.sold賣；B.saved保存；C.chosen選擇；D.spotted發(fā)覺。依據(jù)下文“Shestoredthem”可知，奶奶將土豆儲存下來。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她將土豆和其他收獲的蔬菜一起儲存在戶外的地窖。整個冬天，蔬菜可以平安地存放在那里。A.spring春天；B.summer夏天；C.autumn秋天；D.winter冬天。依據(jù)生活常識，是冬天將蔬菜儲存在地窖里。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：春天到了，我們把前一年的土豆切成塊，一塊塊地種在花園的小土丘里。A.ate吃；B.fried煎炸；C.cut切；D.grew成長。依據(jù)下文的“…eachpiece”可知，是將土豆切成一塊塊的，然后種在地里。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為即使大家都在幫忙，我們也恒久不會完成種植的工作!A.hear聽；B.reach到達(dá)；C.use運用；D.cover覆蓋。作者覺得似乎總到不了終點，總完成不了種土豆的工作。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，由于天晴、氣溫上升和下雨，花園變得特別活躍。A.important重要的；B.popular受歡迎的；C.active主動的，活躍的；D.peaceful安靜的。春天，天氣好轉(zhuǎn)，種植的農(nóng)作物生長快，花園活躍起來。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，要想有收獲，奶奶和她的幫手得多鋤地、澆水。A.Forexample例如；B.Ofcourse當(dāng)然；C.Inreturn作為回報；D.Afterall終歸。好的收成，不僅僅靠天氣，當(dāng)然還須要靠奶奶的辛苦勞作。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整個夏天，它都供應(yīng)蔬菜，直到寒冷的天氣來臨時的最終一個收獲季節(jié)。A.flavour香味，氣味；B.harvest收獲，收成；C.celebration慶祝；D.ingredient原料。奶奶的花園始終都供應(yīng)好的收成，直到冬天來臨。故選B項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)感恩節(jié)晚餐時間到了的時候，我爺爺奶奶的農(nóng)場常常被雪覆蓋。A.continued接著；B.followed跟著；C.ended結(jié)束；D.arrived到達(dá)。依據(jù)下文“aroundThanksgivingdinner”作者家人圍坐在一起吃感恩節(jié)晚餐。由此可知，是感恩節(jié)晚餐時間到了。故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們已經(jīng)為漫長的冬天做好了打算。A.right正確的；B.ready打算好的；C.fit合適的；D.safe平安的。依據(jù)“alongwinter”可知，作者一家為度過漫長的冬天而作打算。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：暖和的屋子里，圍坐著吃感恩節(jié)晚餐，我們透過窗戶看著寂靜的花園里光禿禿的樹枝。A.sleeping安靜無聲的；B.changing改變的；C.tiny小的；D.poor貧困的。依據(jù)上文“thegroundatmygrandparent'sfarmoftenwouldbecoveredwithsnow”，冬天到了，大雪覆蓋，花園一片安靜。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)叶紩碛没▓@里種出來的土豆和其他蔬菜。A.want想要；B.enjoy享受；C.send發(fā)送；D.buy買。作者一家人在享受感恩節(jié)晚餐，享受自己種出來的蔬菜。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?nèi)叶紩碛没▓@里種出來的土豆和其他蔬菜。A.garden花園；B.market市場；C.store商店；D.farm農(nóng)場。依據(jù)上文“…plantedeachpieceintoahillofsoilinthegarden”可知，奶奶是在花園里種植土豆。故選A項。33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚異的是，南瓜派能讓我記起多年來的感恩節(jié)晚餐，那種暖和依舊留在我的心中。A.difficult困難的；B.doubtful可疑的；C.amazing令人驚異的；D.crazy瘋狂的。依據(jù)上文“Icansmellitnow!”作者現(xiàn)在還能聞到南瓜派的香味，這讓作者驚異。故選C項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚異的是，南瓜派能讓我記起多年來的感恩節(jié)晚餐，那種暖和依舊留在我的心中。A.accept接受；B.understand理解；C.realise意識到；D.remember記住。依據(jù)上文“Icansmellitnow!”作者還記得和家人一起吃感恩節(jié)晚餐的情景。故選D項。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：令人驚異的是，南瓜派能讓我記起多年來的感恩節(jié)晚餐，那種暖和依舊留在我的心中。A.races競賽，賽跑；B.passes經(jīng)過；C.remains保持，停留；D.jumps跳。和家人在一起吃感恩節(jié)晚餐的暖和總停留在作者心中。故選C項。第II卷非選擇題（共70分）第一節(jié)單詞拼法（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）36.Twentyyearshasgoneandmyhometownhaschangedbeyondr___________.（依據(jù)首字母填空）【答案】recognition【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：二十年過去了，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)變得認(rèn)不出來了。依據(jù)單詞首字母以及上文的介詞beyond，可知應(yīng)填名詞recognition“識別”作賓語，recognition為不行數(shù)名詞。故填recognition。37.Tobehonest,Iwas____________(完全地)frightenedbythethunderjustnow.（依據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】entirely【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：醇厚說，剛才雷聲把我嚇壞了。依據(jù)漢語意思“完全地”，可知應(yīng)填副詞entirely，修飾動詞frightened，作狀語。故填entirely。38.I_________thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.（依據(jù)首字母填空）【答案】Ignoring【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞。句意：忽視這兩種探討結(jié)果之間的差異將是你犯的最嚴(yán)峻的錯誤之一。依據(jù)句意和首字母I提示可知，ignore忽視，動詞，符合題意，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用動名詞作主語。故填I(lǐng)gnoring。39.Hehaspaidseveralo_________visitstoourcountrysincehecametopower.（依據(jù)首字母單詞拼法）【答案】official【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他執(zhí)政以來對我國進(jìn)行了多次正式訪問。依據(jù)單詞首字母以及句意“正式”，可知應(yīng)填形容詞official，作定語修飾后文名詞visits。故填official。40.Afteranearthquakemostsurvivorscanbeexpectedto____________(復(fù)原)fromtrauma(創(chuàng)傷)overtime,particularlywiththesupportoffamilyandfriends.（依據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】recover【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動詞。句意：地震后，大多數(shù)生還者可以被期盼著隨著時間的推移而復(fù)原，特殊是在家人和摯友的支持下。依據(jù)漢語提示“復(fù)原”，以及上文beexpectedto可知此處應(yīng)填動原形，構(gòu)成不定式作主語補足語，recover“復(fù)原”是動詞，故填recover。【點睛】41.Whileshopping,womencannothelp___________（勸服）tobuysomethingtheydon’treallywant.（依據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】beingpersuaded【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞的被動形式。句意：在購物時，女性忍不住會被勸服去買她們其實并不須要的東西。依據(jù)漢語提示可知，persuade勸服，動詞，符合題意，cannothelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事，固定搭配，所以空處需用動名詞，因為是“被勸服”，所以空處需用動名詞的被動形式：beingdone。故填beingpersuaded。42.Peopledevelopa_________(偏愛)foraparticularstyleoflearningatanearlyage.（依據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼法）【答案】preference【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：人們在很小的時候就形成了對某種學(xué)習(xí)方式的偏好。依據(jù)漢語提示“偏愛”，以及上文冠詞a，可知應(yīng)填單數(shù)名詞preference，作賓語。故填preference。43.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighbourhoodinr________.（依據(jù)首字母填空）【答案】ruins【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：其次天，當(dāng)他們回到Rockaway

時，他們發(fā)覺旁邊一片廢墟。依據(jù)句意和首字母r提示可知，inruins一片廢墟，固定搭配，符合題意。故填ruins。44.Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,_________(埋頭)herheadinthebookinherhands.（依據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】burying【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：女孩坐在公園的長椅上，把頭埋在手里的書里。依據(jù)漢語意思“埋頭”可知應(yīng)填動詞bury，且分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，bury在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語girl構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填burying。45.Theschoolhasasystemof_________(嘉獎)andpunishmentstoencouragegoodbehaviour.（依據(jù)漢語意思填空）【答案】rewards【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：學(xué)校有一套獎懲制度來激勵良好的行為。依據(jù)漢語提示可知，reward嘉獎，名詞，符合題意，由空后andpunishments可知，空處名詞需用復(fù)數(shù)，與其形式保持一樣。故填rewards。其次節(jié).單句語法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）46.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool________Mr.Smithgotangry?(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】that【解析】【分析】本題考查語法語境應(yīng)用實力?！驹斀狻靠疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：就是因為杰克上學(xué)遲到，史密斯先生生氣的嗎？分析可知，把Wasit和該空去掉，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語義清楚，由此推斷，本句應(yīng)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：itwas+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他，假如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，可以用who代替that，句中強(qiáng)調(diào)緣由狀語“becauseJackcamelateforschool”。故填that。47.Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild’sfirsteyeexam__________(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.（用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】(should)be【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：眼科醫(yī)生建議孩子在六個月大的時候做第一次眼科檢查。recommend表示“建議”時，所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)+原形動詞，should可省略。故填(should)be。48.Besidesthehigh-speedrailsystem,China_________(improve)people’slivesinmanyotherinnovativefieldsoverthelastdecade.(用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】hasimproved【解析】【分析】

【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：除了高鐵系統(tǒng)，在過去十年里，中國在很多其他創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域改善了人們的生活。所填空應(yīng)是句子謂語，結(jié)合時間狀語“overthelastdecade”可知，應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在完成時，主語“China”為第三人稱單數(shù)，應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填hasimproved。49.Everyonewantingtobesuccessfulhastopickthemselvesupandcontinuepracticing________theyreachagoal.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】until【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：每個想要勝利的人都必需打起精神，不斷練習(xí)，直到達(dá)到目標(biāo)。此處引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“直到……”應(yīng)用until。故填until。50.Aseriesoflectures_________(be)scheduled.（用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】hasbeen/was【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：一系列演講被支配了。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處是謂語動詞，結(jié)合句意，“schedule”這一動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，用一般過去時，或者表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時；主語Aseriesoflectures與謂語動詞schedule是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)；Aseriesof修飾名詞作主語，謂語動詞與Aseries保持一樣，用單數(shù)，故填hasbeen/was。【點睛】51.Theuniversityhasafewdozenlecturers,allof__________havegraduatedfromtop-classuniversities.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】whom【解析】【分析】本題考查語法語境應(yīng)用實力。【詳解】考查非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：這所高校有幾十名講師，他們都畢業(yè)于一流高校。分析可知，“allof__________havegraduatedfromtop-classuniversities”應(yīng)是之前名詞短語“afewdozenlecturers”的非限制性定語從句，先行詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)從句。故填whom。52.Howlongwillitbe________hefinisheshishomework?（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】before【解析】【詳解】考查連詞。句意：他還要多久才完成作業(yè)？依據(jù)句意可知，此處是固定句型Itwillbe+段時間+before...“要過才”的特殊疑問句形式，因為是對一段時間提問，所以用了howlong。故填before。53.Theteachertoldusthathe_________(teach)Englishsincehecamehere.(用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】hadbeenteaching【解析】【分析】本題考查詞匯語法語境應(yīng)用實力?！驹斀狻靠疾閯釉~時態(tài)。句意：老師告知我們自從他來到這里就始終教英語。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是賓語從句謂語，結(jié)合語境以及該賓語從句的時間狀語“sincehecamehere”可知，應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，且主句謂語動詞“told”為一般過去時，因此應(yīng)遵循“時態(tài)一樣原則”，用過去完成進(jìn)行時。故填hadbeenteaching。54.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________(be)risingsince1990.（用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】hasbeen【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一樣。句意：自1990年以來，在中國高校就讀的外國學(xué)生人數(shù)始終在上升。依據(jù)后文since1990可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語為“thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故助動詞應(yīng)用has。故填hasbeen。55.Once________(find),anymistakemustbecorrected.（用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】found【解析】【詳解】考查省略句。句意：一旦發(fā)覺任何錯誤，都必需改正。once連詞連接的狀語從句中，常省略跟主句相同的主語和be動詞，此處從句中陳述客觀事實，且主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，完整為once(anymistakeis)found。故填found。第三節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inthedistantpast,friendsreliedoneachotherfortheirsurvival.Theyhuntedtogetheranddefendedeachotheragainst___56___(danger)animalsandenemies.Inthosedays,ifyoudidn’thaveafriend,youwouldeitherstarve,___57___(eat)orkilled.Nowadays,friendshipisn’t___58___(exact)amatteroflifeanddeath.However,friendshipisstillofgreatimportanceandnothavingafriendissomethingtobe____59____(concern)about.Mostpeoplelookuponafriendassomeonetheycandependonwhentheyaregoing____60____timesoftrouble.Insuchtimes,friendsprovidethemwithemotionalsupportandsometimesfinancialhelp.Itisinthesetroubledtimes_____61_____theyfindoutwhotheirtruefriendsare.Asanoldsaying___62___(go),intimesofsuccess,friendswillbeplenty;intimesof___63___(suffer),notoneintwenty.Andthereisanothersaying___64___saysyoucanhardlymakeafriendinayear,butyoucaneasilyupsetoneinanhour.Sodoyourbesttogetalongwithandbegratefultoallthose____65____arewillingtosidewithyouevenwhenyouareinthewrongastheyaretruefriends.【答案】56.dangerous57.beeaten58.exactly59.concerned60.through61.that62.goes63.suffering64.that65.who【解析】這是一篇爭論文。文章主要講解并描述了摯友的重要性。在遙遠(yuǎn)的過去，摯友們是相互依靠才能生存的，他們一起打獵，相互愛護(hù)，抵擋危急的動物和敵人，否則要么挨餓，要么被吃掉，要么被殺死?，F(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)人都把摯友看作是在經(jīng)驗困難時可以依靠的人。因此，要珍惜時刻陪在身邊的摯友?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他們一起打獵，相互愛護(hù)，抵擋危急的動物和敵人。形容詞作定語,修飾之后名詞“animals”。故填dangerous?！?7題詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：在那些日子里，假如你沒有一個摯友，你要么挨餓，要么被吃掉，要么被殺死。分析可知，“__2___(eat)”應(yīng)是與之前動詞“starve”，之后“killed”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，共同與情態(tài)動詞“would”搭配作句子謂語，主語“you”與“eat”之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。故填beeaten。【58題詳解】考查副詞。句意：如今，友情已不再是生死攸關(guān)的問題。修飾be動詞，用副詞。故填exactly?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：然而，友情仍舊是特別重要的，沒有摯友是一件須要擔(dān)憂的事情。beconcernedabout擔(dān)憂，該短語是固定短語，所以填concerned?！?0題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：大多數(shù)人都把摯友看作是在經(jīng)驗困難時可以依靠的人?！癵othrough”，固定短語，意為“經(jīng)驗；經(jīng)受”。故填through?！?1題詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：正是在這些困難時期，他們才發(fā)覺誰才是真正摯友。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把Itis和該空去掉，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語義清楚，所以推斷出，這里是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他，假如被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，可以用who代替that。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語inthesetroubledtimes，故填that。【62題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：俗話說，在勝利的時候，摯友會很多；在苦難的時候，二十個人中沒有一個。所填空應(yīng)是從句謂語，結(jié)合語境,描述一個客觀的事實，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語“anoldsaying”為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。故填goes?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：俗話說，在勝利的時候，摯友會很多；在苦難的時候，二十個人中沒有一個。結(jié)合空前為介詞“of”，所填空應(yīng)是名詞作賓語，suffering是不行數(shù)名詞。故填suffering?！?4題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：還有一種說法是，一年之內(nèi)你很難交到一個摯友，但你很簡潔在一個小時內(nèi)讓一個摯友心煩。分析可知，“___9___saysyoucanhardlymakeafriendinayear,butyoucaneasilyupsetoneinanhour”為之前名詞“anothersaying”的定語從句，先行詞在從句中作主語，指物，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)該從句。故填that?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：所以，盡你最大的努力與那些情愿站在你一邊的人相處并心存感謝，因為他們是真正的摯友。分析可知，“10arewillingtosidewithyou”為之前those的定語從句，先行詞在從句中作主語，指人，當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those時，只能用who，不能用that。故填who。第四節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）66.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（^），并在其下面寫出改加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。WhenIfirstlearntowriteinEnglish,Iranintomuchdifficulties.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateintomyownlanguageeverythingwhichIcameacrosswhileIwasreading.Myteacheradvisedmyselftokeepadiary.Ifollowedheradvicesandputdown100wordsorsooneachday.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfwithsimpleEnglish.OnedayIwroteastoryandshowedtomyteacher.Helikedittoomuchthathereadittotheclass.Allsaidthatthestorywasagoodone.Theirwordswereagreatencouragementtome.【答案】1.learn→learned2.much→many3.which→that或刪去which4.myself→me5.advices→advice6.(eachday前)on刪去7.talk→talking8.with→in9.showed后加it10.too→so【解析】分析】本文是記敘文。作者講解并描述了自己學(xué)英語的經(jīng)驗?！驹斀狻?.考查時態(tài)。由后面ran可知，此處說的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般過去時，故將learn改為learned。2.考查形容詞。much修飾不行數(shù)名詞，many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，修飾difficulties要用many，故將much改為many。3.考查定語從句。定語從句中，當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞時，關(guān)系代詞用that而不用which，作賓語時也可以省略，故which改為that或刪去which。4.考查代詞。此處是說老師建議我記日記，advisesb.todosth.表示“建議某人做某事”，故將myself改為me。5.考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。advice是不行數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將advices改為advice。6.考查介詞。eachday“每天”作狀語，無需加介詞。故去掉eachday前的on。7.考查非謂語動詞。enjoy后要接動名詞作賓語，表示“喜愛做某事”，故將talk改為talking。8.考查介詞。介詞in后接表示語言的名詞,表示“用……語言”，故將with改為in。9.考查代詞。showsth.tosb.表示“把某物展示給某人”，此處指代前面的astory，故在showed后加it。10.考查副詞。so…that…為固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，故將very改為so?！军c睛】動詞常見的改錯形式：一是時態(tài)和語態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時態(tài)為過去或現(xiàn)在時，中間雜有不適的另一時態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；二是及物動詞后無賓語，或是不及物動詞后加了賓語，