初升高英語暑假銜接第08講 Welcome Unit 核心單詞知識句型 （教師版）

第08講WelcomeUnit目標1掌握重點單詞和詞塊的用法。目標2認識并運用重點句型。核心單詞講解1.exchangen.交換；交流vt.交換；交流；交易；兌換●inexchangefor交換anexchangestudent一名交換生●exchange...for…用……來交換……exchangesthwithsb與某人交換某物designn.設計；設計方案；意圖vt.設計；籌劃●bedesignedfor為……而設計bedesignedtodosth目的是做某事●bydesign有意地，故意地●designern.設計者【聯(lián)想】表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結∶故意地∶①bydesign②onpurpose③deliberately偶然地∶①bychance②byaccident③accidentallyanxiousadj.焦慮的；不安的●beanxiousabout/for為……擔心/擔憂beanxioustodosth渴望做某事●anxietyn.擔心焦慮渴望withanxiety焦慮地●anxiouslyadv.焦慮地eg.IwastoldtheLearningCentreprovideshelpforstudentsandI'manxioustogethelpfromyou.（求助信）我被告知輔導中心可以給學生提供幫助，我急于想從您那兒得到一些幫助。annoyedadj.惱怒的；生氣的（angry）●beannoyedwithsb對某人感到生氣beannoyedat/aboutsth因某事生氣●annoyvt.使惱怒；打擾Whatannoyssbmostisthat...最讓某人生氣的是……●annoyingadj.使人不高興的；惱人的annoyancen.惱怒；煩人的事物eg.（2021·全國乙卷書面表達）Whatannoysmanyparentsmostisthatstaringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultotheirchildren'seyes.（發(fā)言稿）最讓許多家長煩惱的是長時間盯著屏幕對孩子的眼睛有害。frightenedadj.驚嚇的；害怕的●befrightenedtodosth害怕做某事befrightenedtodeath嚇死●frighteningadj.令人恐懼的；可怕的●frightenvt.使驚嚇，使驚恐；嚇唬frightensbinto/outof（doing）sth嚇得某人做/不敢做某事【同義】scared，terrified，shocked，afraidsenioradj.級別（或地位）高的n.較年長的人（elderly）beseniorto…比……年長（資深），級別高于……bejuniorto…比……年輕（資淺），級別低于……besuperiorto比……優(yōu)越（更好、強）beinferiorto低于，不如……，在……之下【聯(lián)想】①freshman大一新生②sophomore大二學生③junior大三學生④senior大四學生Impressionn.印象感想●make/leavea(n)...impressiononsb給某人留下一個……的印象●impressvt.使欽佩；給……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目impresssbwithsth=impresssthon/uponsb使某人牢記某事beimpressedby/at/with...對……印象深刻●impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的eg.Mynewteacher'srichknowledgeandnewteachingmethodleftadeepimpressiononus.（人物介紹）新老師淵博的知識和新穎的教學方法給我們留下了深刻的印象。concentratevi.&vt.集中（注意力）；聚精會神●concentrateon集中精力于concentrateone'smind/attentionon集中某人的注意力于；致力于；專心于●concentrationn.集中；專心concentratedadj.集中的；全力以赴的eg.Playingcomputergamescanmakeusrelaxed,butasstudentswemustconcentrateonourstudies.（學校生活）玩電腦游戲可以使我們放松，但是作為學生我們必須集中精力于學習。leave...alone不打擾；不驚動leavebehind遺留；把...拋在后面；超過leaveaside擱置一邊；不考慮leavefor...動身去...leaveout省略；遺漏eg.He'sinabadmoodrightnow,sowe'dbetterleavehimalone.他現(xiàn)在情緒很槽糕,因此我們最好不要打擾他?confidentadj.自信的,有把握的(convinced)?beconfidentabout/of…對....有信心，beconfidentthat...對....有把挺?confidencen.信心haveconfidencein…在....方面充滿信心。withconfidence肯定地，有把握地【聯(lián)想】-ent結尾形容詞轉換成-ence結尾名詞①confident-*confidence信心②silent-*silence沉默③different*-*difference差異，不同④absent—absence缺席⑤intelligent-*intelligence智慧=6\*GB3⑥violent-*violence暴力，暴行⑦convenient—convenience便利；方便⑧evident-*evidence證據(jù)⑨consequent-*consequence結果⑩competent-*competence能力；勝任lookforwardto盼望，期待(to為介詞)lookback(on)回憶，回顧lookinto調查；向......里看lookoutfor注意察著，留心lookdownon/upon輕視，瞧不起lookupto尊敬，敬仰【聯(lián)想】to為介詞的短語薈萃①be/getusedto習慣于②be/getaccustomedto可慣于③objectto反對④beaddictedto對……上癮⑤beopposedto反對⑥stickto堅持⑦payattentionto注意……⑧l(xiāng)eadto導致takenotes記筆記●makeanote做筆記takenoteof注意；記筆記●notedown記錄某事eg.Itisagoodhabittotakenoteswhilelisteningandreading.邊聽邊讀邊做筆記是個好習慣。organise（又作organize）vt.組織；籌備；安排；組建vi.組建；成organisationn.組織；機構；團體organisern.組織者organisedadj.有組織的；有條理的eg.HowdoesLiMingorganisehisthoughts?李明是怎樣整理他的思緒的?I'llinvitepeopleifyoucanorganisefoodanddrinks.如果你能備辦飲食，我就負責請人。Youshouldtryandorganiseyourtimebetter.你應該盡量更有效地安排你的時間。Theseactivitieswereorganisedbyourschool,whichreallyprovideduswithmuchpleasure.（報道）這些活動是由我們學校組織的，這真的為我們提供了很多歡樂。【聯(lián)想】動詞去e加后綴“-ation”變名詞聚會①organise→organisation組織②determine→determination決心③motivate→motivation動機④celebrate→celebration慶祝⑤translate→translation翻譯⑥combine→combination聯(lián)合⑦examine→examination考試；審查⑧imagine→imagination想象⑨invite→invitation邀請⑩observe→observation觀察?prepare→preparation準備goaln.目標（target）；球門；射門achieveone'sgoal實現(xiàn)目標setagoal確立一個目標eg.Althoughhefailedmanytimes,hewouldfacethechallengebravelyandtriedtoachievehisgoal.（人物介紹）雖然他失敗了很多次，但他會勇敢地面對挑戰(zhàn)，努力實現(xiàn)自己的目標。improvevi.&vt.改進；改善●improvein在……方面有改進improveoneself自我完善；提高自己improvethequalityoflife提高生活質量●improvedadj.改良的；改進過的improvementn.改進，改善；提高eg.（2020·新高考卷I寫作）Aftertherace，wefeltthatnotonlydidtheeventimproveourphysicalandpsychologicalquality,butitalsohelpedusbuildapositiveattitudeto-wardslife.（報道）比賽結束后，我們感到這次比賽不僅提高了我們的身體和心理素質，也幫助我們建立了一種積極的生活態(tài)度。curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強的●becuriousabout對……感到好奇becurioustodosth渴望去做某事●curiosityn.好奇心；求知欲withcuriosity好奇地outofcuriosity出于好奇●curiouslyadv.好奇地eg.Ifyouarecuriousaboutthehistoryofourschoolorconcernedaboutit’sfuture,youmustn'tmissthisexcellentopportunity!（邀請信）如果你對我們學校的歷史感到好奇或者關心學校的未來，你不要錯過這次好機會。二、重點詞塊速記extra-curricularactivities課外活動jointheMusicClub參加音樂俱樂部3.afreshmanatseniorhighschool高中一年級學生4.areallybigchallenge確實是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)5.signupforadvancedliterature報名高級文學課程6.handoutfoodtohomelesspeople把食物分發(fā)給無家可歸的人7.keepupwiththeotherstudents跟上其他學生8.takecourses上課9.bewellpreparedforuniversity為大學做好準備10.getusedtoseniorhighschoollife適應高中生活11.makeaworkableschedule制定一個可行的時間表12.improvemyspokenEnglish提高我的英語口語水平13.havefun玩得開心14.spendtoomuchtimeonline花太多時間上網(wǎng)15.concentrateonschoolandfamilylife專注于學校和家庭生活16.encourageyourfriendstotrynewhobbies鼓勵你的朋友嘗試新的愛好重點句型剖析1.Whatifnoonetalkstome?（Whatif...?要是……會怎么樣呢）要是沒人跟我說話怎么辦呢2.Itakenoteswhilelisteningandreading.（省略句）我邊聽邊讀邊做筆記。3.IfI'mnotinclass,I'meitherinthelibraryorinthecomputerlab.（either…or…要么……要么……）如果我不在上課，我要么在圖書館，要么在計算機實驗室。4.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshere,andthere'salottoexploreatseniorhigh.(Therebe+n./pron.＋todosth)我想念我初中的朋友們，但我相信我會在這里結交到新朋友，而且高中會有很多事物等待著我去探索。Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的大多數(shù)同學和老師都很友好且樂于助人。句型公式|find+賓語+賓補find+賓語+賓補（形容詞/副詞/名詞/介詞短語/不定式/動詞-ing形式/動詞-ed形式）（2）find＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋todo…（it是形式賓語，todo..是真正的賓語）①Youwillfindpapercuttingveryeasyifyoukeeppractisingit.如果你堅持練習，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)剪紙很簡單。②Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselveslostforwords.甚至最好的作家有時候也會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己表達不出來。③Withtheworldbecomingaglobalvillage,IfinditisnecessarytohaveagoodcommandofEnglish.（語言學習）隨著世界變成了地球村，我覺得學好英語很有必要?？键c一、核心單詞拼寫一.單詞拼寫1.I

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4.Manywomenearnlessthantheir（男性的）colleagues.5.Someuniversitystudentschoosetoliveintheapartmentsoutsidetheir（校園）.6.I'mfofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.7.Heusedtobequiet,butnowheisveryo.8.Withouthishelp,Iwouldn’tdothe（實驗）well.9.Alaughcanhelppeopleovera（n）（令人尷尬的）situation.10.Assoonaswearrivedontheislandwewereeagerto（探索）.11.Asudden（閃光）oflightningliteverythingupforasecond.12.Weshouldworkoutasfordealingwiththeproblem.13.Someoftheseexercisescanbedonealone,butothersyouhavetodowithap.14.Ifallofusworktogether,theremustbesomethingwecandotoitheenvironment.15.Iwillputmy（個性）,interestandabilityintothestudytogo.16.Beforehandinginyourhomework,besuretoritcarefully.1.exchange2.lecture3.register4.male5.campus6.frightened7.outgoing8.experiment9.awkward10.explore11.flash12.strategy13.partner14.improve15.personality16.revise考點二、重點詞匯選詞填空1.WecallpeoplefromChina,Chinese.Thisistheir（nation）.2.Iwanttobeanexcellentadvertising（design）.3.Weareallanxioustheclimber'ssafety.4.Hemissedthetrain,which（annoy）himverymuch.5.Ifwecanhavegoodhandwriting,otherswouldhaveagoodimpressionus.6.Ifyouconcentratetheproject,youcanfinishitontime.7.Weshouldencouragehimtohave（confident）inhimself.8.MyfamilyandIlookforwardto（see）younextmonth.9.Thewomanintheshoplookedatthem（curious）.10.Whatisthebestwayforyou（solve）thisproblem?nationality2.designer3.about4.annoyed5.onon7.confidence8.seeing9.curiously10.tosolve三．單句寫作1.Itwastheirfirstmeeting,andRichardwasdeterminedto(給人留下好印象).Asa（初中學生）,Ihavesomehomeworktodoeveryday.（終于）hesucceededinclimbingupthedifficultmountain.Theheadmasterisbusyathisdesk.You'dbetter（別打擾他）.Shetookouthernotebookandbeganto（記筆記）.“Whatif（要是......會怎么樣？）Ican'tfinishthebook?”,littleTomaskedhisfatheranxiously.1.makeanimpression.2.Juniorhighschoolstudent3.Atlast4.leavehimalone5.takenotes6.Whatif閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式?！?022年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).___36___(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes___37___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat___38___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___39___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___40___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___41___leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___42___(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and___43___(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve___44___anumbrellaspecies(物種),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___45___livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【答案】36.Covering37.the38.were39.toincrease40.isdesigned41.and42.populations43.eventually44.as45.that【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國政府決定建立的大熊貓國家公園(GPNP)的計劃?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。設空處在句中作非謂語，cover和句子的邏輯主語theGPNP為邏輯的主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Covering?！?7題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。本句的結構為：倍數(shù)+thesizeof+比較成份。故填the?！?8題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護區(qū)納入一個管理機構，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設空處在that引導的限制性定語從句中作謂語，先行詞為asignificantnumberofareas，先行詞在從句中作主語，根據(jù)“previously(之前地)”可知從句的時態(tài)應為一般過去時，根據(jù)主謂一致，從句主語復數(shù)，從句謂語復數(shù)形式。故填were?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：該計劃將把保護范圍擴大到大量以前未受保護的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護區(qū)納入一個管理機構，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設空處在句中作非謂語，做目的狀語，應用動詞的不定式的形式。故填toincrease?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：GPNP旨在體現(xiàn)“保護自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的真實性和完整性，保護生物多樣性，保護生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產”的指導原則。設空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語TheGPNP之間為被動關系；敘述客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時。故設空處應為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語單數(shù)，謂語單數(shù)形式。故填isdesigned。【41題詳解】考查連詞。句意：GPNP旨在體現(xiàn)“保護自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的真實性和完整性，保護生物多樣性，保護生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產”的指導原則。設空處前后為并列關系，應用and。故填and。【42題詳解】考查名詞。句意：GPNP的主要目標是改善不同種群和大熊貓家園之間的聯(lián)系，最終達到理想的野生大熊貓數(shù)量水平。設空處和and后的復數(shù)名詞homes并列在句中作賓語，應用可數(shù)名詞population(種群)的復數(shù)的形式。故填populations?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：GPNP的主要目標是改善不同種群和大熊貓家園之間的聯(lián)系，最終達到理想的野生大熊貓數(shù)量水平。設空處后為動詞achieve，設空處應用副詞eventually作狀語，修飾動詞achieve。故填eventually?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：大熊貓還扮演著保護傘的角色，為中國西南和西北地區(qū)的許多動植物帶來保護。固定短語：serveas(充當)。故填as?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句關系詞。句意：該計劃旨在為生活在GiantPandaRange的所有物種提供更有力的保護，并顯著改善該地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康。設空處為關系詞引導限制性定語從句，先行詞等于關系詞，設空處在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為species，且先行詞前為all修飾，只能用關系代詞that。故填that。一、用單詞的適當形式完成句子1．What’syour______(nation)?Inotherwords,whichcountryareyoufrom?(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】nationality【詳解】考查名詞。句意：你的國籍是什么?換句話說，你來自哪個國家?形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，由下文“Inotherwords,whichcountryareyoufrom?”可知，此處詢問“國籍是什么”，用名詞nationality“國籍”，根據(jù)句意，此處用單數(shù)，故填nationality。2．Ireallyget_______(annoy)atthosewhocutinline.【答案】annoyed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我真的很討厭那些插隊的人。分析句子可知，get是系動詞，接形容詞作表語，說明人的感受用annoyed“煩惱的”，故填annoyed。Hermotherpraisedhergood________(behave)infrontoftheguests.【答案】behavior【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她母親表揚了她在客人面前的良好行為。分析句子可知，good為形容詞，意為“好的”，后接名詞，behave意為“表現(xiàn)”，動詞詞性，對應的名詞為behavior，意為“行為”，此處表抽象意義，不可數(shù)，在句中作賓語。故填behavior。4．Tocatchtheearly________(fly),weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.【答案】flight【詳解】考查名詞。句意：為了趕上早班飛機，我們提前訂了一輛出租車，起得很早。此處作賓語，表示“航班”，應用名詞flight，此處特指某次的航班應用單數(shù)。故填flight。Theheavytraffichasseriouslyinfluencedpeople’sdailylifeand_______(economy)development.【答案】economic【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：擁擠的交通嚴重影響了人們的日常生活和經濟發(fā)展。此處修飾名詞development，應用形容詞economic，作定語。故填economic。二、漢譯英（整句）1．人們在正式場合以更禮貌的方式說話?！敬鸢浮縋eoplespeakinamorepolitewayinformalsituations.【詳解】考查短語和時態(tài)。ina...way以……的方式；informalsituations在正式場合。陳述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為Peoplespeakinamorepolitewayinformalsituations.2．我的指導老師建議我選修高級文學，因為我喜歡英語而且成績不錯?！敬鸢浮縈yadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.【詳解】考查短語、時態(tài)和虛擬語氣。signup(forsth)報名(參加課程)；begoodat擅長。動詞recommend作為“建議”之意，后接賓語從句，從句用should+動詞原形的虛擬語氣，should可以省略。because引導原因狀語從句。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為MyadviserrecommendedthatI(should)signupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.3．努力學習并不總是那么有趣,但我會為未來上大學或是任何其他要來的事情做好充分準備.【答案】Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'mwellpreparedforuniversityandwhateverelsecomesmywayinthefuture.【詳解】考查時態(tài)，非謂語動詞和從句。分析句子可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時，且可以譯為but連接的并列句，“努力學習”studyinghard，動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，“總是那么有趣”bealwaysfun，加not表示部分否定；“為……做好準備”bewellpreparedfor；“大學”university；“任何其他要來的事情”譯為whateverelsecomesmyway，whatever引導賓語從句，comeone'sway“發(fā)生在某人身上”；“在未來”inthefuture。故答案為：Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelsecomesinthefuture.4．正因為是這個原因西班牙語是秘魯主要官方語言?！敬鸢浮縄tisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.【詳解】考查短語、時態(tài)和強調句型。forthisreason因為這個原因；officiallanguage官方語言。強調句的結構為：Itis/was+強調部分+that從句。句子陳述客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時。結合其他句意提示，故翻譯為ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.5．到達目的地后，您將有一天時間來探索這座令人嘆為觀止的古城?！敬鸢浮緼fterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity.【詳解】考查時態(tài)和非謂語。表示“到達目的地后”可用after作介詞，后接動名詞短語reachingyourdestination作賓語，構成介詞短語作時間狀語；表示“您將有一天時間來探索這座令人嘆為觀止的古城”應用一般將來時，謂語動詞為will+動詞原形，表達為youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity，句式havetimetodosth意為“有時間做某事”，不定式作定語，形容詞amazing意為“令人嘆為觀止”。故可翻譯為Afterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity.四、閱讀理解Passage1(湖北省宜城一中、棗陽一中等六校聯(lián)考2022-2023學年高一上學期期中)MynameisMichelleRogers.FormostofmylifeIhadbeenfightingwithmybodyweight.Iwaseithergainingweightortryingtoloseit.Iwasn’thappywithmyself,andIcertainlywasn’tabletofullyenjoylife.NotonlydidIfeelbadphysically,butIfeltterribleemotionally.IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步機)for$100.ThistimeIdecidedtostartsmallandkeepitdoable.ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.Everyareaofmylifehasimprovedandbenefitedfromthischangeinme.NotonlydoIhavemyyouthfulenergy,looksandhealthback,butalsoIhavemoreconfidencethanIhaveeverhad.1．HowdidMichellefeelaboutlosingweightbefore2008?A．Confident. B．Hopeless. C．Addicted. D．Annoyed.2．HowmanyweekshadpassedbeforeMichelle’sweightbegandropping?A．15weeks. B．20weeks. C．25weeks. D．30weeks.3．WhatisNOTmypracticenow?A．Doingexerciseregularly. B．Eatinghealthier.C．Refusingbadfoodandhabits. D．Gainingextraweight.4．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelle’sstory?A．Timeiseverything.B．Interestisthebestteacher.C．Startwithsmallthings.D．Nothingismoreimportantthanconfidence.【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與肥胖抗爭的故事。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.(我也知道我不可能成為最好的自己，在一次又一次的減肥失敗之后，我只是覺得沒有希望做到這一點)”和第二段中“Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步機)for$100.(2008年的一天，我在網(wǎng)上瀏覽廣告，看到一個100美元的跑步機)”可知，在2008年前，作者認為減肥是沒有希望的。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.(第一周，我開始每天在固定的時間在跑步機上步行15分鐘。第二周我跑了16分鐘。每周我都會增加一分鐘。漸漸地，我增加了速度和時間。當我堅持了30分鐘，體重開始下降)”可知，作者第一周跑15分鐘，以后每周增加一分鐘，在跑30分鐘時，體重開始下降，由此可計算出，30-15=15，即作者花了15周體重才開始下降，故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too...Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(我在健身上付出的所有努力讓我也想開始吃得更健康……拒絕對我不好的食物和習慣)”和最后一段中“Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.(今天，多余的體重消失了。我仍然每天早上鍛煉。我看起來和感覺起來都最好，這是我以前從來沒有過的)”可知，作者如今減肥成功，沒有了多余的體重，看起來和感覺起來都最好。由此推知，他會繼續(xù)保持，堅持鍛煉，健康飲食，拒絕不好的習慣和飲食。D項“增加額外的體重”不是他現(xiàn)在的做法。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(一開始我沒有減肥成功，但是我沒有像過去那樣放棄。我意識到我感覺好多了。我的腿越來越強壯了。我不像以前從桌子旁起來時那么痛苦了。我在健身方面付出的所有努力也讓我想要開始吃得更健康。我也從小的改變開始。這么多年過去了，我開始傾聽自己的身體。拒絕對我不好的食物和習慣)”可知，作者從最開始的減肥困難，到后來有了小的變化，然后堅持并取得了成效，說明做事要從小事做起，堅持做下去，就會取得成功。由此推知，從Michelle的故事中我們可以學到的是C項“從小事開始?！惫蔬xC。Passage2（2022秋·江西宜春·高一江西省宜豐中學?？计谥校㏒portisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticism(批評)fromcoaches,parentsandotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreatetoomuchanxietyorstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychologicalandresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.Burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingoutoforquittinganactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.Theearlyyearsofgrowthareimportantyearsforlearningaboutoneselfandthesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocia1skillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparentsandcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindfaultsinthemselves.Coachesandparentsshouldalsopayattentionthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.Followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocusontheoutcomeandfindfaultswithyoungsters’performances.Positivesupportshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoutcome.Researchindicatesthatpositivesupportencouragesandhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism.Again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.5．Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Stressshouldbemadeless. B．Sportcanbementallychallenging.C．Mentalstressshouldbereduced. D．Sportshouldbemadelesscompetitive.6．Whyissportimportantforyoungpeopleaccordingtothepassage?A．Itenablesthemtocriticizethemselves.B．Itc