初升高英語暑假銜接第08講 Welcome Unit 核心單詞知識句型 （教師版）

第08講WelcomeUnit目標(biāo)1掌握重點(diǎn)單詞和詞塊的用法。目標(biāo)2認(rèn)識并運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)句型。核心單詞講解1.exchangen.交換；交流vt.交換；交流；交易；兌換●inexchangefor交換anexchangestudent一名交換生●exchange...for…用……來交換……exchangesthwithsb與某人交換某物designn.設(shè)計(jì)；設(shè)計(jì)方案；意圖vt.設(shè)計(jì)；籌劃●bedesignedfor為……而設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedtodosth目的是做某事●bydesign有意地，故意地●designern.設(shè)計(jì)者【聯(lián)想】表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結(jié)∶故意地∶①bydesign②onpurpose③deliberately偶然地∶①bychance②byaccident③accidentallyanxiousadj.焦慮的；不安的●beanxiousabout/for為……擔(dān)心/擔(dān)憂beanxioustodosth渴望做某事●anxietyn.擔(dān)心焦慮渴望withanxiety焦慮地●anxiouslyadv.焦慮地eg.IwastoldtheLearningCentreprovideshelpforstudentsandI'manxioustogethelpfromyou.（求助信）我被告知輔導(dǎo)中心可以給學(xué)生提供幫助，我急于想從您那兒得到一些幫助。annoyedadj.惱怒的；生氣的（angry）●beannoyedwithsb對某人感到生氣beannoyedat/aboutsth因某事生氣●annoyvt.使惱怒；打擾Whatannoyssbmostisthat...最讓某人生氣的是……●annoyingadj.使人不高興的；惱人的annoyancen.惱怒；煩人的事物eg.（2021·全國乙卷書面表達(dá)）Whatannoysmanyparentsmostisthatstaringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultotheirchildren'seyes.（發(fā)言稿）最讓許多家長煩惱的是長時(shí)間盯著屏幕對孩子的眼睛有害。frightenedadj.驚嚇的；害怕的●befrightenedtodosth害怕做某事befrightenedtodeath嚇?biāo)馈駀righteningadj.令人恐懼的；可怕的●frightenvt.使驚嚇，使驚恐；嚇唬frightensbinto/outof（doing）sth嚇得某人做/不敢做某事【同義】scared，terrified，shocked，afraidsenioradj.級別（或地位）高的n.較年長的人（elderly）beseniorto…比……年長（資深），級別高于……bejuniorto…比……年輕（資淺），級別低于……besuperiorto比……優(yōu)越（更好、強(qiáng)）beinferiorto低于，不如……，在……之下【聯(lián)想】①freshman大一新生②sophomore大二學(xué)生③junior大三學(xué)生④senior大四學(xué)生Impressionn.印象感想●make/leavea(n)...impressiononsb給某人留下一個(gè)……的印象●impressvt.使欽佩；給……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目impresssbwithsth=impresssthon/uponsb使某人牢記某事beimpressedby/at/with...對……印象深刻●impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的eg.Mynewteacher'srichknowledgeandnewteachingmethodleftadeepimpressiononus.（人物介紹）新老師淵博的知識和新穎的教學(xué)方法給我們留下了深刻的印象。concentratevi.&vt.集中（注意力）；聚精會(huì)神●concentrateon集中精力于concentrateone'smind/attentionon集中某人的注意力于；致力于；專心于●concentrationn.集中；專心concentratedadj.集中的；全力以赴的eg.Playingcomputergamescanmakeusrelaxed,butasstudentswemustconcentrateonourstudies.（學(xué)校生活）玩電腦游戲可以使我們放松，但是作為學(xué)生我們必須集中精力于學(xué)習(xí)。leave...alone不打擾；不驚動(dòng)leavebehind遺留；把...拋在后面；超過leaveaside擱置一邊；不考慮leavefor...動(dòng)身去...leaveout省略；遺漏eg.He'sinabadmoodrightnow,sowe'dbetterleavehimalone.他現(xiàn)在情緒很槽糕,因此我們最好不要打擾他?confidentadj.自信的,有把握的(convinced)?beconfidentabout/of…對....有信心，beconfidentthat...對....有把挺?confidencen.信心haveconfidencein…在....方面充滿信心。withconfidence肯定地，有把握地【聯(lián)想】-ent結(jié)尾形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換成-ence結(jié)尾名詞①confident-*confidence信心②silent-*silence沉默③different*-*difference差異，不同④absent—absence缺席⑤intelligent-*intelligence智慧=6\*GB3⑥violent-*violence暴力，暴行⑦convenient—convenience便利；方便⑧evident-*evidence證據(jù)⑨consequent-*consequence結(jié)果⑩competent-*competence能力；勝任lookforwardto盼望，期待(to為介詞)lookback(on)回憶，回顧lookinto調(diào)查；向......里看lookoutfor注意察著，留心lookdownon/upon輕視，瞧不起lookupto尊敬，敬仰【聯(lián)想】to為介詞的短語薈萃①be/getusedto習(xí)慣于②be/getaccustomedto可慣于③objectto反對④beaddictedto對……上癮⑤beopposedto反對⑥stickto堅(jiān)持⑦payattentionto注意……⑧l(xiāng)eadto導(dǎo)致takenotes記筆記●makeanote做筆記takenoteof注意；記筆記●notedown記錄某事eg.Itisagoodhabittotakenoteswhilelisteningandreading.邊聽邊讀邊做筆記是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。organise（又作organize）vt.組織；籌備；安排；組建vi.組建；成organisationn.組織；機(jī)構(gòu)；團(tuán)體organisern.組織者organisedadj.有組織的；有條理的eg.HowdoesLiMingorganisehisthoughts?李明是怎樣整理他的思緒的?I'llinvitepeopleifyoucanorganisefoodanddrinks.如果你能備辦飲食，我就負(fù)責(zé)請人。Youshouldtryandorganiseyourtimebetter.你應(yīng)該盡量更有效地安排你的時(shí)間。Theseactivitieswereorganisedbyourschool,whichreallyprovideduswithmuchpleasure.（報(bào)道）這些活動(dòng)是由我們學(xué)校組織的，這真的為我們提供了很多歡樂。【聯(lián)想】動(dòng)詞去e加后綴“-ation”變名詞聚會(huì)①organise→organisation組織②determine→determination決心③motivate→motivation動(dòng)機(jī)④celebrate→celebration慶祝⑤translate→translation翻譯⑥combine→combination聯(lián)合⑦examine→examination考試；審查⑧imagine→imagination想象⑨invite→invitation邀請⑩observe→observation觀察?prepare→preparation準(zhǔn)備goaln.目標(biāo)（target）；球門；射門achieveone'sgoal實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)setagoal確立一個(gè)目標(biāo)eg.Althoughhefailedmanytimes,hewouldfacethechallengebravelyandtriedtoachievehisgoal.（人物介紹）雖然他失敗了很多次，但他會(huì)勇敢地面對挑戰(zhàn)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)。improvevi.&vt.改進(jìn)；改善●improvein在……方面有改進(jìn)improveoneself自我完善；提高自己improvethequalityoflife提高生活質(zhì)量●improvedadj.改良的；改進(jìn)過的improvementn.改進(jìn)，改善；提高eg.（2020·新高考卷I寫作）Aftertherace，wefeltthatnotonlydidtheeventimproveourphysicalandpsychologicalquality,butitalsohelpedusbuildapositiveattitudeto-wardslife.（報(bào)道）比賽結(jié)束后，我們感到這次比賽不僅提高了我們的身體和心理素質(zhì)，也幫助我們建立了一種積極的生活態(tài)度。curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強(qiáng)的●becuriousabout對……感到好奇becurioustodosth渴望去做某事●curiosityn.好奇心；求知欲withcuriosity好奇地outofcuriosity出于好奇●curiouslyadv.好奇地eg.Ifyouarecuriousaboutthehistoryofourschoolorconcernedaboutit’sfuture,youmustn'tmissthisexcellentopportunity!（邀請信）如果你對我們學(xué)校的歷史感到好奇或者關(guān)心學(xué)校的未來，你不要錯(cuò)過這次好機(jī)會(huì)。二、重點(diǎn)詞塊速記extra-curricularactivities課外活動(dòng)jointheMusicClub參加音樂俱樂部3.afreshmanatseniorhighschool高中一年級學(xué)生4.areallybigchallenge確實(shí)是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)5.signupforadvancedliterature報(bào)名高級文學(xué)課程6.handoutfoodtohomelesspeople把食物分發(fā)給無家可歸的人7.keepupwiththeotherstudents跟上其他學(xué)生8.takecourses上課9.bewellpreparedforuniversity為大學(xué)做好準(zhǔn)備10.getusedtoseniorhighschoollife適應(yīng)高中生活11.makeaworkableschedule制定一個(gè)可行的時(shí)間表12.improvemyspokenEnglish提高我的英語口語水平13.havefun玩得開心14.spendtoomuchtimeonline花太多時(shí)間上網(wǎng)15.concentrateonschoolandfamilylife專注于學(xué)校和家庭生活16.encourageyourfriendstotrynewhobbies鼓勵(lì)你的朋友嘗試新的愛好重點(diǎn)句型剖析1.Whatifnoonetalkstome?（Whatif...?要是……會(huì)怎么樣呢）要是沒人跟我說話怎么辦呢2.Itakenoteswhilelisteningandreading.（省略句）我邊聽邊讀邊做筆記。3.IfI'mnotinclass,I'meitherinthelibraryorinthecomputerlab.（either…or…要么……要么……）如果我不在上課，我要么在圖書館，要么在計(jì)算機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。4.Imissmyfriendsfromjuniorhighschool,butIbelieveIwillmakenewfriendshere,andthere'salottoexploreatseniorhigh.(Therebe+n./pron.＋todosth)我想念我初中的朋友們，但我相信我會(huì)在這里結(jié)交到新朋友，而且高中會(huì)有很多事物等待著我去探索。Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的大多數(shù)同學(xué)和老師都很友好且樂于助人。句型公式|find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞/副詞/名詞/介詞短語/不定式/動(dòng)詞-ing形式/動(dòng)詞-ed形式）（2）find＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋todo…（it是形式賓語，todo..是真正的賓語）①Youwillfindpapercuttingveryeasyifyoukeeppractisingit.如果你堅(jiān)持練習(xí)，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)剪紙很簡單。②Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselveslostforwords.甚至最好的作家有時(shí)候也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己表達(dá)不出來。③Withtheworldbecomingaglobalvillage,IfinditisnecessarytohaveagoodcommandofEnglish.（語言學(xué)習(xí)）隨著世界變成了地球村，我覺得學(xué)好英語很有必要?？键c(diǎn)一、核心單詞拼寫一.單詞拼寫1.I

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4.Manywomenearnlessthantheir（男性的）colleagues.5.Someuniversitystudentschoosetoliveintheapartmentsoutsidetheir（校園）.6.I'mfofwalkinghomealoneinthedark.7.Heusedtobequiet,butnowheisveryo.8.Withouthishelp,Iwouldn’tdothe（實(shí)驗(yàn)）well.9.Alaughcanhelppeopleovera（n）（令人尷尬的）situation.10.Assoonaswearrivedontheislandwewereeagerto（探索）.11.Asudden（閃光）oflightningliteverythingupforasecond.12.Weshouldworkoutasfordealingwiththeproblem.13.Someoftheseexercisescanbedonealone,butothersyouhavetodowithap.14.Ifallofusworktogether,theremustbesomethingwecandotoitheenvironment.15.Iwillputmy（個(gè)性）,interestandabilityintothestudytogo.16.Beforehandinginyourhomework,besuretoritcarefully.1.exchange2.lecture3.register4.male5.campus6.frightened7.outgoing8.experiment9.awkward10.explore11.flash12.strategy13.partner14.improve15.personality16.revise考點(diǎn)二、重點(diǎn)詞匯選詞填空1.WecallpeoplefromChina,Chinese.Thisistheir（nation）.2.Iwanttobeanexcellentadvertising（design）.3.Weareallanxioustheclimber'ssafety.4.Hemissedthetrain,which（annoy）himverymuch.5.Ifwecanhavegoodhandwriting,otherswouldhaveagoodimpressionus.6.Ifyouconcentratetheproject,youcanfinishitontime.7.Weshouldencouragehimtohave（confident）inhimself.8.MyfamilyandIlookforwardto（see）younextmonth.9.Thewomanintheshoplookedatthem（curious）.10.Whatisthebestwayforyou（solve）thisproblem?nationality2.designer3.about4.annoyed5.onon7.confidence8.seeing9.curiously10.tosolve三．單句寫作1.Itwastheirfirstmeeting,andRichardwasdeterminedto(給人留下好印象).Asa（初中學(xué)生）,Ihavesomehomeworktodoeveryday.（終于）hesucceededinclimbingupthedifficultmountain.Theheadmasterisbusyathisdesk.You'dbetter（別打擾他）.Shetookouthernotebookandbeganto（記筆記）.“Whatif（要是......會(huì)怎么樣？）Ican'tfinishthebook?”,littleTomaskedhisfatheranxiously.1.makeanimpression.2.Juniorhighschoolstudent3.Atlast4.leavehimalone5.takenotes6.Whatif閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【2022年新高考全國Ⅰ卷】TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).___36___(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes___37___sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat___38___(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___39___(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___40___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,___41___leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate___42___(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and___43___(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve___44___anumbrellaspecies(物種),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___45___livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【答案】36.Covering37.the38.were39.toincrease40.isdesigned41.and42.populations43.eventually44.as45.that【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國政府決定建立的大熊貓國家公園(GPNP)的計(jì)劃?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，cover和句子的邏輯主語theGPNP為邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語，首字母大寫。故填Covering?！?7題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。本句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：倍數(shù)+thesizeof+比較成份。故填the。【38題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設(shè)空處在that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中作謂語，先行詞為asignificantnumberofareas，先行詞在從句中作主語，根據(jù)“previously(之前地)”可知從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)主謂一致，從句主語復(fù)數(shù)，從句謂語復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填were?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：該計(jì)劃將把保護(hù)范圍擴(kuò)大到大量以前未受保護(hù)的地區(qū)，將許多現(xiàn)有的大熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)納入一個(gè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，以提高效率，減少管理上的不一致性。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，做目的狀語，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的不定式的形式。故填toincrease?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：GPNP旨在體現(xiàn)“保護(hù)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的真實(shí)性和完整性，保護(hù)生物多樣性，保護(hù)生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產(chǎn)”的指導(dǎo)原則。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語TheGPNP之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；敘述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語單數(shù)，謂語單數(shù)形式。故填isdesigned。【41題詳解】考查連詞。句意：GPNP旨在體現(xiàn)“保護(hù)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的真實(shí)性和完整性，保護(hù)生物多樣性，保護(hù)生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)，為子孫后代留下寶貴的自然資產(chǎn)”的指導(dǎo)原則。設(shè)空處前后為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用and。故填and?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：GPNP的主要目標(biāo)是改善不同種群和大熊貓家園之間的聯(lián)系，最終達(dá)到理想的野生大熊貓數(shù)量水平。設(shè)空處和and后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞homes并列在句中作賓語，應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞population(種群)的復(fù)數(shù)的形式。故填populations?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：GPNP的主要目標(biāo)是改善不同種群和大熊貓家園之間的聯(lián)系，最終達(dá)到理想的野生大熊貓數(shù)量水平。設(shè)空處后為動(dòng)詞achieve，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞eventually作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞achieve。故填eventually?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：大熊貓還扮演著保護(hù)傘的角色，為中國西南和西北地區(qū)的許多動(dòng)植物帶來保護(hù)。固定短語：serveas(充當(dāng))。故填as。【45題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：該計(jì)劃旨在為生活在GiantPandaRange的所有物種提供更有力的保護(hù)，并顯著改善該地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康。設(shè)空處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞等于關(guān)系詞，設(shè)空處在從句中作指物的主語，先行詞為species，且先行詞前為all修飾，只能用關(guān)系代詞that。故填that。一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．What’syour______(nation)?Inotherwords,whichcountryareyoufrom?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】nationality【詳解】考查名詞。句意：你的國籍是什么?換句話說，你來自哪個(gè)國家?形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，由下文“Inotherwords,whichcountryareyoufrom?”可知，此處詢問“國籍是什么”，用名詞nationality“國籍”，根據(jù)句意，此處用單數(shù)，故填nationality。2．Ireallyget_______(annoy)atthosewhocutinline.【答案】annoyed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我真的很討厭那些插隊(duì)的人。分析句子可知，get是系動(dòng)詞，接形容詞作表語，說明人的感受用annoyed“煩惱的”，故填annoyed。Hermotherpraisedhergood________(behave)infrontoftheguests.【答案】behavior【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她母親表揚(yáng)了她在客人面前的良好行為。分析句子可知，good為形容詞，意為“好的”，后接名詞，behave意為“表現(xiàn)”，動(dòng)詞詞性，對應(yīng)的名詞為behavior，意為“行為”，此處表抽象意義，不可數(shù)，在句中作賓語。故填behavior。4．Tocatchtheearly________(fly),weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.【答案】flight【詳解】考查名詞。句意：為了趕上早班飛機(jī)，我們提前訂了一輛出租車，起得很早。此處作賓語，表示“航班”，應(yīng)用名詞flight，此處特指某次的航班應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填flight。Theheavytraffichasseriouslyinfluencedpeople’sdailylifeand_______(economy)development.【答案】economic【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：擁擠的交通嚴(yán)重影響了人們的日常生活和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。此處修飾名詞development，應(yīng)用形容詞economic，作定語。故填economic。二、漢譯英（整句）1．人們在正式場合以更禮貌的方式說話?！敬鸢浮縋eoplespeakinamorepolitewayinformalsituations.【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。ina...way以……的方式；informalsituations在正式場合。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為Peoplespeakinamorepolitewayinformalsituations.2．我的指導(dǎo)老師建議我選修高級文學(xué)，因?yàn)槲蚁矚g英語而且成績不錯(cuò)?！敬鸢浮縈yadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)和虛擬語氣。signup(forsth)報(bào)名(參加課程)；begoodat擅長。動(dòng)詞recommend作為“建議”之意，后接賓語從句，從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語氣，should可以省略。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為MyadviserrecommendedthatI(should)signupforadvancedliteraturebecauseIlikeEnglishandI’mgoodatit.3．努力學(xué)習(xí)并不總是那么有趣,但我會(huì)為未來上大學(xué)或是任何其他要來的事情做好充分準(zhǔn)備.【答案】Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'mwellpreparedforuniversityandwhateverelsecomesmywayinthefuture.【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)，非謂語動(dòng)詞和從句。分析句子可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且可以譯為but連接的并列句，“努力學(xué)習(xí)”studyinghard，動(dòng)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，“總是那么有趣”bealwaysfun，加not表示部分否定；“為……做好準(zhǔn)備”bewellpreparedfor；“大學(xué)”university；“任何其他要來的事情”譯為whateverelsecomesmyway，whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，comeone'sway“發(fā)生在某人身上”；“在未來”inthefuture。故答案為：Studyinghardisn'talwaysfun,butI'llbewellpreparedforuniversityorwhateverelsecomesinthefuture.4．正因?yàn)槭沁@個(gè)原因西班牙語是秘魯主要官方語言?！敬鸢浮縄tisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。forthisreason因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因；officiallanguage官方語言。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that從句。句子陳述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。結(jié)合其他句意提示，故翻譯為ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.5．到達(dá)目的地后，您將有一天時(shí)間來探索這座令人嘆為觀止的古城?！敬鸢浮緼fterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity.【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語。表示“到達(dá)目的地后”可用after作介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞短語reachingyourdestination作賓語，構(gòu)成介詞短語作時(shí)間狀語；表示“您將有一天時(shí)間來探索這座令人嘆為觀止的古城”應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞為will+動(dòng)詞原形，表達(dá)為youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity，句式havetimetodosth意為“有時(shí)間做某事”，不定式作定語，形容詞amazing意為“令人嘆為觀止”。故可翻譯為Afterreachingyourdestination,youwillhaveadaytoexplorethisamazingancientcity.四、閱讀理解Passage1(湖北省宜城一中、棗陽一中等六校聯(lián)考2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中)MynameisMichelleRogers.FormostofmylifeIhadbeenfightingwithmybodyweight.Iwaseithergainingweightortryingtoloseit.Iwasn’thappywithmyself,andIcertainlywasn’tabletofullyenjoylife.NotonlydidIfeelbadphysically,butIfeltterribleemotionally.IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步機(jī))for$100.ThistimeIdecidedtostartsmallandkeepitdoable.ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.Everyareaofmylifehasimprovedandbenefitedfromthischangeinme.NotonlydoIhavemyyouthfulenergy,looksandhealthback,butalsoIhavemoreconfidencethanIhaveeverhad.1．HowdidMichellefeelaboutlosingweightbefore2008?A．Confident. B．Hopeless. C．Addicted. D．Annoyed.2．HowmanyweekshadpassedbeforeMichelle’sweightbegandropping?A．15weeks. B．20weeks. C．25weeks. D．30weeks.3．WhatisNOTmypracticenow?A．Doingexerciseregularly. B．Eatinghealthier.C．Refusingbadfoodandhabits. D．Gainingextraweight.4．WhatcanwelearnfromMichelle’sstory?A．Timeiseverything.B．Interestisthebestteacher.C．Startwithsmallthings.D．Nothingismoreimportantthanconfidence.【答案】1．B2．A3．D4．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者與肥胖抗?fàn)幍墓适隆?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“IalsoknewIwasn’tabletobethebestIcouldbe,andwithfailureafterfailureinlosingweight,Ijustfeltsohopelesstomakeit.(我也知道我不可能成為最好的自己，在一次又一次的減肥失敗之后，我只是覺得沒有希望做到這一點(diǎn))”和第二段中“Onedayin2008,Iwaslookingthroughadsonlineandsawatreadmill(跑步機(jī))for$100.(2008年的一天，我在網(wǎng)上瀏覽廣告，看到一個(gè)100美元的跑步機(jī))”可知，在2008年前，作者認(rèn)為減肥是沒有希望的。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThefirstweekIstartedwalking15minutesonthetreadmillatafixedtimeeveryday.ThenextweekIdid16minutes.EachweekIaddedaminute.Gradually,Iincreasedspeedaswellastime.OnceIgotto30minutes,theweightstarteddroppingoff.(第一周，我開始每天在固定的時(shí)間在跑步機(jī)上步行15分鐘。第二周我跑了16分鐘。每周我都會(huì)增加一分鐘。漸漸地，我增加了速度和時(shí)間。當(dāng)我堅(jiān)持了30分鐘，體重開始下降)”可知，作者第一周跑15分鐘，以后每周增加一分鐘，在跑30分鐘時(shí)，體重開始下降，由此可計(jì)算出，30-15=15，即作者花了15周體重才開始下降，故選A。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too...Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(我在健身上付出的所有努力讓我也想開始吃得更健康……拒絕對我不好的食物和習(xí)慣)”和最后一段中“Today,theextraweightisgone.Istillexerciseeverymorning.IlookandfeelthebestIhaveneverdone.(今天，多余的體重消失了。我仍然每天早上鍛煉。我看起來和感覺起來都最好，這是我以前從來沒有過的)”可知，作者如今減肥成功，沒有了多余的體重，看起來和感覺起來都最好。由此推知，他會(huì)繼續(xù)保持，堅(jiān)持鍛煉，健康飲食，拒絕不好的習(xí)慣和飲食。D項(xiàng)“增加額外的體重”不是他現(xiàn)在的做法。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ididn’tloseweightatfirst,butIdidn’tgiveuplikeIdidinthepast.IrealizedIstartedfeelingbetter.Mylegsweregettingstronger.Ididn’tfeelpainfullikeIusedtowhenIgotupfrommydesk.AlltheeffortsI’dbeenputtingintofitnessmademewanttostarteatinghealthier,too.Ibeganwithsmallchangesaswell.AftertheseyearsIstartedlisteningtomybody.Itwasrefusingfoodandhabitsthatwerebadforme.(一開始我沒有減肥成功，但是我沒有像過去那樣放棄。我意識到我感覺好多了。我的腿越來越強(qiáng)壯了。我不像以前從桌子旁起來時(shí)那么痛苦了。我在健身方面付出的所有努力也讓我想要開始吃得更健康。我也從小的改變開始。這么多年過去了，我開始傾聽自己的身體。拒絕對我不好的食物和習(xí)慣)”可知，作者從最開始的減肥困難，到后來有了小的變化，然后堅(jiān)持并取得了成效，說明做事要從小事做起，堅(jiān)持做下去，就會(huì)取得成功。由此推知，從Michelle的故事中我們可以學(xué)到的是C項(xiàng)“從小事開始?！惫蔬xC。Passage2（2022秋·江西宜春·高一江西省宜豐中學(xué)?？计谥校㏒portisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butcanalsobementallychallenging.Criticism(批評)fromcoaches,parentsandotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreatetoomuchanxietyorstressforyoungathletes.Stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychologicalandresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.Burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingoutoforquittinganactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.Theearlyyearsofgrowthareimportantyearsforlearningaboutoneselfandthesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.Youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocia1skillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.Coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.Youngstersmaytaketheirparentsandcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindfaultsinthemselves.Coachesandparentsshouldalsopayattentionthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbecomeworkforchildren.Theoutcomeofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.Intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.Followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocusontheoutcomeandfindfaultswithyoungsters’performances.Positivesupportshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoutcome.Researchindicatesthatpositivesupportencouragesandhasagreatereffectonlearningthancriticism.Again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.5．Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A．Stressshouldbemadeless. B．Sportcanbementallychallenging.C．Mentalstressshouldbereduced. D．Sportshouldbemadelesscompetitive.6．Whyissportimportantforyoungpeopleaccordingtothepassage?A．Itenablesthemtocriticizethemselves.B．Itc