中國(guó)古代隱士介紹-英文版分析

ChineseTraditionalHermits英語(yǔ)一班何川201224310101Ahermit

isapersonwholives,tosomedegree,inseclusion【隔離，隱退】fromsociety.Inmoderncolloquial【通俗的】usage,theterm“hermit”denotes【表示】anyonelivingalifeapartfromtherestofsociety,orwhosimplydoesnotparticipateinsocialevents，orincludingthemisanthrope【厭惡人類(lèi)的人】。definitionManhasgraduallyemergedfrombarbarismintocivilizationoverthelonghistory.however,asitiswithurbanization【城市化】andcounterurbanization【逆城市化】，TherearealwaysbethosewhodonotKeeppacewiththetime.SuchasTaoYuanming,Linpu,Tangyin,MengHaoranandsoon.prefaceTaoYuanmingLife:TaoYuanmingwasbornduringtheEasternJindynasty(317–420),whichwasatimeofmilitary【好戰(zhàn)的】uncertaintyandpoliticalinfighting【內(nèi)訌】.However,hewouldliveintothetimesofthesucceedingNanSongDynasty,oneofthesouthernkingdoms.陶淵明（約365年—427年），字元亮，（又一說(shuō)名潛，字淵明）號(hào)五柳先生，私謚“靖節(jié)”，東晉末期南朝宋初期詩(shī)人、文學(xué)家、辭賦家、散文家。漢族，東晉潯陽(yáng)柴桑人（今江西九江）。曾做過(guò)幾年小官，后辭官回家，從此隱居，田園生活是陶淵明詩(shī)的主要題材，相關(guān)作品有《飲酒》《歸園田居》《桃花源記》《五柳先生傳》《歸去來(lái)兮辭》等CareerHeendedupservingmorethantenyearsingovernmentservice,personallyinvolvedwiththesordid【骯臟的】politicalsceneofthetimes.Heservedinbothcivilandmilitarycapacities【軍事能力】,whichincludedmakingseveraltripsdowntheYangzitothecapitalJiankang,thenathriving-metropolis,andthecenterofpowerduringtheSixDynasties.

poemsTao‘ssimpleandplainstyleofexpression,reflectinghisback-to-basicslifestyle,firstbecamebetterknownasheachievedlocalfameasahermit，thiswasfollowedgraduallybyrecognitioninmajoranthologies【詩(shī)詞選集】.BytheTangDynasty,Taowaselevatedtogreatnessasapoet’spoet,revered【推崇】byLiBaiandDuFu.歸園田居少無(wú)適俗韻，性本愛(ài)丘山。誤落塵網(wǎng)中，一去三十年。羈鳥(niǎo)戀舊林，池魚(yú)思故淵。開(kāi)荒南野際，守拙歸田園。方宅十余畝，草屋八九間。榆柳蔭后椋，桃李羅堂前。曖曖遠(yuǎn)人村，依依墟里煙。狗吠深巷中，雞鳴桑樹(shù)顛。戶(hù)庭無(wú)塵雜，虛室有余閑。久在樊籠里，復(fù)得返自然。林逋LinBu[967一1028]was

a

Chinese

poet

during

the

Northern

Song

Dynasty.

Heneverservedasgovernmentofficial,ofcourse,healsodespise【不屑】tobeanofficial.However,wecouldnotsaythathewasarealhermit,forexample:althoughhehadlivedahermitlife,anumberofpeoplecametovisithim,suchasemperor.林逋（967一1028）字君復(fù)，漢族，浙江大里黃賢村人（一說(shuō)杭州錢(qián)塘）。幼時(shí)刻苦好學(xué)，通曉經(jīng)史百家。書(shū)載性孤高自好，喜恬淡，勿趨榮利。長(zhǎng)大后，曾漫游江淮間，后隱居杭州西湖，結(jié)廬孤山。常駕小舟遍游西湖諸寺廟，與高僧詩(shī)友相往還。每逢客至，叫門(mén)童子縱鶴放飛，林逋見(jiàn)鶴必棹舟歸來(lái)。作詩(shī)隨就隨棄，從不留存。1028年（天圣六年）卒。其侄林彰（朝散大夫）、林彬（盈州令）同至杭州，治喪盡禮。宋仁宗賜謚“和靖先生”。achievementLinBuwas

offered

prestigious

government

posts,

although

he

refused

all

civic【城市的】

duties

in

pursuit

of

his

poetry.

Long

after

he

died,

Lin‘s

eccentric【古怪的】

attitude

and

his

works

retained

a

vivid

place

in

Song

cultural

imagination

and

later

works.

林逋,善繪事，惜畫(huà)從不傳。工行草，書(shū)法瘦挺勁健，筆意類(lèi)歐陽(yáng)詢(xún)、李建中而清勁處尤妙。長(zhǎng)為詩(shī)，其語(yǔ)孤峭浹澹，自寫(xiě)胸意，多奇句，而未嘗存稿。風(fēng)格澄澈淡遠(yuǎn)，多寫(xiě)西湖的優(yōu)美景色，反映隱逸生活和閑適情趣。陸游謂其書(shū)法高絕勝人。蘇軾高度贊揚(yáng)林逋之詩(shī)、書(shū)及人品，并詩(shī)跋其書(shū)：“詩(shī)如東野（孟郊）不言寒，書(shū)似留臺(tái)（李建中）差少肉。”黃庭堅(jiān)云：“君復(fù)書(shū)法高勝絕人，予每見(jiàn)之，方病不藥而愈，方饑不食而飽。”明沈周詩(shī)云：“我愛(ài)翁書(shū)得瘦硬，云腴濯盡西湖綠。西臺(tái)少肉是真評(píng)，數(shù)行清瑩含冰玉。宛然風(fēng)節(jié)溢其間，此字此翁俱絕俗?！?。林逋書(shū)法存世作品僅3件，《自書(shū)詩(shī)帖》是其中篇幅最長(zhǎng)者.“靖和先生”唐寅Tang

Yin

(Chinese:

唐寅;

pinyin:

Tang

Yin;

Cantonese【廣東話】

Yale【神話動(dòng)物】:

Tong

Yan;

1470–1524),

courtesy

name

Tang

Bohu

(唐伯虎),

was

a

Chinese

scholar,

painter,

calligrapher【書(shū)法家】,

and

poet

of

the

Ming

Dynasty

period

whose

life

story

has

become

a

part

of

popular

lore【口頭禪】.

Even

though

he

was

born

during

Ming

Dynasty,

many

of

his

paintings

(especially

paintings

of

people)

were

illustrated

with

elements

from

Pre-Tang

to

Song

Dynasty

careerTangYinisoneofthemostnotablepaintersinChinesearthistory.Heisoneofthe“FourMastersofMingDynasty”(MingSiJia),whichalsoincludesZhuZhishan(1427–1509),WenZhengming(1470–1559)andXuZhenqin(ca.1495-1552).Tangwasalsoatalentedpoet.Togetherwithhiscontemporaries【同代人】WenZhengming(1470–1559),ZhuYunming.

ForChineseintellectuals,reclusionrepresentsanalternativewayoflifeasagainstabureaucratic【官僚的】career,thoughtheyoptedforthelatterforcertainreasons.Comparedwiththepoliticallifewhichmeantmuchundertaking,responsibility,andrisks,therecluse【隱士】culturemanifestedtheintellectuals’longingforindividualfreedomasisoftencloselyassociatedwithChineseTaois