職稱英語(yǔ)綜合類(lèi)A級(jí)模擬試題及答案解析三

職稱英語(yǔ)綜合類(lèi)A級(jí)模擬試題及答案解析(3)

(1/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第1題

Theuseofthechemicalmaypresentacertainhazardtothelaboratoryworkers.

A.protection

B.indication

C.immunity

□.danger

下一題

(2/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第2題

Theyagreedtosettlethedisputebypeacefulmeans.

A.solve

B.determine

C.untie

□.complete

上一題下一題

(3/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第3題

Thechildrentrembledwithfearwhentheysawthepoliceman.

A.wept

B.cried

C.ran

D.shook

上一題下一題

(4/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第4題

Wehavegottoabidebytherules.

A.stickto

B.persistin

C.safeguard

D.apply

上一題下一題

(5/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第5題

Theriverwidensconsiderablyasitbeginstoturneast.

A.extends

B.stretches

C.broadens

□.traverses

上一題下一題

(6/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第6題

Thecuriouslookfromthestrangersaroundhermadeherfeeluneasy.

A.difficult

B.worried

C.anxious

D.unhappy

上一題下一題

(7/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第7題

Readingthejobad,hewonderedwhetherhewaseligibletoapplyforit.

A.competitive

B.diligent

C.qualified

0.competent

上一題下一題

(8/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第8題

Theseareourmotivesfordoingit.

A.reasons

B.arguments

C.targets

0.stimuli

上一題下一題

(9/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)從

每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第9題

Smokingisnotpermittedintheoffice.

A.probably

B.possible

C.admitted

0.allowed

上一題下一題

(10/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第10題

Ifeelregretaboutwhat'shappened.

A.sorry

B.disappointed

C.shameful

0.disheartened

上一題下一題

(11/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第11題

TheyalwaysmockmebecauseIamugly.

A.smileat

B.lookdownon

C.belittle

D.laughat

上一題下一題

(12/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第12題

Guestswerescaredwhenthebombexploded.

A.frightened

B.killed

C.endangered

□.rescued

上一題下一題

(13/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第13題

Theyareendeavoringtochangesocietyasawhole.

A.trying

B.working

C.doing

D.making

上一題下一題

(14/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第14題

Thestorywastouching.

A.inspiring

B.boring

C.moving

0.frightening

上一題下一題

(15/15)詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)帶有括號(hào)或下劃線，請(qǐng)

從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號(hào)里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

第15題

AlthoughoriginallyaGermaninnovation,kindergartengotitsrealstartintheUnitedStatesasa

movementtoprovideanimprovedlearningenvironmentforchildren.

A.aneasy

B.aplayful

C.anopen

D.abetter

上一題下一題

（16~22/共7題）閱讀判斷閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容

對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選A：如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，

請(qǐng)選B；如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選C。

TheySayIreland'stheBest

Irelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005,accordingtoalifequalityrankingthat

appearedinBritain'sEconomistmagazinelastweek.

Theambitiousattempttocomparehappinesslevelsaroundtheworldisbasedonthe

principlethatwealthisnottheonlymeasureofhumansatisfactionandwell-being.

Theindexof111countriesusesdataonincomes,health,unemployment,climate,political

stability,jobsecurity,genderequalityaswellaswhatthemagazinecalls"freedom,familyand

communitylife".

Despitethebadweather,troubledhealthservice,trafficcongestion（擁擠），genderinequality

andthehighcostofliving,Irelandscoredanimpressive8.33pointsoutof10.

Thatputitwellaheadofsecond-placeSwitzerland,whichmanaged8.07.Zimbabwe,troubled

bypoliticalinsecurityandhunger,isratedthegloomiest（最差的），pickinguponly3.89points.

"Althoughrisingincomesandincreasedindividualchoicesarehighlyvalued/'thereportsaid,

"someofthefactorsassociatedwithmodernizationsuchasthebreakdown（崩潰）intraditional

institutionsandfamilyvaluesinparttakeawayfromapositiveimpact."

"Irelandwinsbecauseitsuccessfullycombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwith

thepreservationofcertainwarmelementsoftheold,suchasstablefamilyandcommunitylife."

Themagazineadmittedmeasuringqualityoflifeisnotastraightforwardthingtodo,andthat

itsfindingswouldhavetheircritics.

No.2onthelistisSwitzerland.Theothernationsinthetop10areNorway,Luxembourg,

Sweden,Australia,Iceland,Italy,DenmarkandSpain.

TheUKispositionedatNo.29,amuchlowerpositionchieflybecauseofthesocialandfamily

breakdownrecordedinofficialstatistics.TheUS,whichhasthesecondhighestpercapitaGDP

（人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值）afterLuxembourg,tookthe13thplaceinthesurvey.Chinawasinthelower

halfoftheleagueat60th.

第16題

For2,005years,Irelandhasbeenthebestplaceforhumanstolivein.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第17題

Jobsecurityistheleastimportantmeasureoflifequality.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第18題

CostoflivinginIrelandisprettyhigh.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第19題

FamilylifeinZimbabweisnotstable.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第20題

IrelandispositionedatNo.1becauseitcombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwith

somegoodelementsoftheold.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第21題

Tomeasurelifequalityiseasy.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第22題

TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisamongthetop10countries.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

上一題下一題

（23~30/共8題）概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?

26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要

求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

AboutNames

Usually,whenyourteacherasksaquestion,thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisone

questionthathasmillionsofcurrentanswers.Thatquestionis"What'syourname?"Everyone

givesadifferentanswer;buteveryoneiscorrect.Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeople'snames?

Wheredotheycomefrom?Whatdotheymean?

People'sfirstnames,orgivennames,arechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofa

grandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofa

well-knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGeorgeWashingtonSmith;agirlcouldbenamed

HelenKellerJones.Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.Clarameans

"bright";Beatricemeans"onewhogiveshappiness";Donaldmeans"worldruler";Leonard

means"asbraveasalion',.

Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.Afamilywiththename

BrookorBrooksprobablylivednearbrook（小溪）；someonewhowascalledLongstreetprobably

livedonalong,pavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest.Otherearly

surnamescamefrompeople'soccupations.ThemostcommonoccupationalnameisSmith,

whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,Smithswerevery

importantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carter-a

personwhoownedordroveacart;Potter—apersonwhomadepotsandpans.Theancestorsof

theBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnativevillage.TheCarpenter's

great-great-great-grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture.

Sometimespeoplewereknownforthecoloroftheirhairorskin,ortheirsize,ortheirspecial

abilities.WhenthereweretwomenwhowerenamedJohninthesamevillage,theJohnwiththe

grayhairprobablybecameJohnGray.OrtheJohnwasverytallcouldcallhimselfJohnTallman.

JohnFishwasprobablyanexcellentswimmerandJohnLightfootwasprobablyafastrunnerora

gooddancer.

Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather'sname.English-speaking

peopleadded-sor-son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohntheRobertsfamily'sancestorwas

Robert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMeor0.PerhapsalloftheMaeDonnellsandthe

McDonnellsandtheO'DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell.

第23題

Paragraph2.

A.Theformationofsomefamilynames

B.Sourcesofsurnames

C.Thenames

D.Firstnameschosenbyparents

E.Possiblemeaningofnames

F.Namesgivenafterplacenames

第24題

Paragraph3.

第25題

Paragraph4.

第26題

Paragraph5.

第27題

ThegivennameinGeorgeWashingtonSmithisafter.

A.Johnwastall

B.thewell-knownfirstPresidentofU.S.A.

C.John'sancestorsaretall

D.theDonnells

E.makepotsandpans

F.theMcDonnells

第28題

TheancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobably.

第29題

ThenameofJohnTallmanmeansthat.

第30題

ItispossiblethattheMaeDonnellsareoffspringsof.

上一題下一題

（31~35/共15題）閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題,每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。

請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

FindYourselfPackingItOn?BlameFriends

Obesitycanspreadfrompersontoperson,muchlikeavirus,researchersarereportingtoday.

Whenonepersongainsweight,closefriendstendtogainweight,too.

Theirstudy,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,involvedadetailedanalysisof

alargesocialnetworkof12,067peoplewhohadbeencloselyfollowedfor32years,from1971to

2003.

Theinvestigatorsknewwhowasfriendswithwhomaswellaswhowasaspouseorsiblingor

neighbor,andtheyknewhowmucheachpersonweighedatvarioustimesoverthreedecades.

Thatletthemreconstructwhathappenedovertheyearsasindividualsbecameobese.Didtheir

friendsalsobecomeobese?Didfamilymembers?Orneighbors?

Theanswer,theresearchersreport,wasthatpeopleweremostlikelytobecomeobesewhen

afriendbecameobese.Thatincreasedaperson'schancesofbecomingobeseby57percent.

Therewasnoeffectwhenaneighborgainedorlostweight,however,andfamilymembershad

lessinfluencethanfriends.

Itdidnotevenmatterifthefriendwashundredsofmilesaway,theinfluenceremained.And

thegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.There,ifonebecameobese,the

otherhada171percentincreasedchanceofbecomingobese,too.

Thesameeffectseemedtooccurforweightloss,theinvestigatorssay.Butsincemostpeople

weregaining,notlosing,overthe32years,theresultwas,onaverage,thatpeoplegrewfatter.

Dr.NicholasA.Christakis,aphysicianandprofessorofmedicalsociologyatHarvardMedical

Schoolandaprincipalinvestigatorinthenewstudy,saidoneexplanationwasthatfriends

affectedeachothers'perceptionoffatness.Whenaclosefriendbecomesobese,obesitymaynot

looksobad.

"Youchangeyourideaofwhatisanacceptablebodytypebylookingatthepeoplearound

you,"Dr.Christakissaid.

TheinvestigatorssaytheirfindingscanhelpexplainwhyAmericanshavebecomefatterin

recentyears-eachpersonwhobecameobesewaslikelytodragalongsomefriends.

Theiranalysiswasunique,Dr.Christakissaid,becauseitmovedbeyondasimpleanalysisof

onepersonandhisorhersocialcontactsandinsteadexaminedanentiresocialnetworkatonce,

lookingathowaperson'sfriend'sfriends,oraspouse'ssibling'sfriends,couldhaveaninfluence

onaperson'sweight.

Theeffects,hesaid,"highlighttheimportanceofaspreadingprocess,akindofsocial

contagion,thatspreadsthroughthenetwork."

Ofcourse,theinvestigatorssay,socialnetworksarenottheonlyfactorsthataffectbody

weight.Thereisastronggeneticcomponentatwork,too.

Sciencehasshownthatindividualshavegeneticallydeterminedrangesofweights,spanning

perhaps30orsopoundsforeachperson.Butthatleavesalargerolefortheenvironmentin

determiningwhetheraperson*sweightisnearthetopofhisorherrangeornearthebottom.As

peoplehavegottenfatter,itappearsthatmanyareedgingtowardthetopoftheirranges.The

questionhasbeenwhy.

Ifthenewresearchiscorrect,itmaysaythatsomethingintheenvironmentseededwhat

somecallanobesityepidemic,makingafewpeoplegainweight.Thensocialnetworksletthe

obesityspreadrapidly.

第31題

Whohadthegreatestinfluenceonpeoplewhobecameobese?

A.Theirfriends.

B.Theirneighbours.

C.Theirfamilymembers.

D.Theircolleagues.

第32題

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutafriend'sinfluenceisfalseaccordingtothereport?

A.Friendshadmoreinfluencethanfamilymembersonpeoplewhobecameobese.

B.Evenifthefriendlivesfaraway,theinfluencestillremained.

C.Peoplewerenotlikelytoloseweightwhentheyhaveskinnyfriends.

D.Thegreatestinfluenceofallwasbetweenclosemutualfriends.

第33題

AccordingtoDr.NicholasA.Christakis,whatistheexplanationforfriendsbeingthegreatest

influence?

A.Friendsusuallyspendalotoftimetogether.

B.Friendssharesimilareatinghabits.

C.Friendsaremoreimportantthanfamilymembers.

D.Friendsaffectedeachothers*feelingsoffatness.

第34題

Whichfactorofbecomingobeseisnotmentionedinthisreport?

A.Socialcontact.

B.Geneticinformation.

C.Lifestyle.

□.Environmentalinfluences.

第35題

Inwhatwayisobesitycontagiousandepidemic?

A.Socialnetworkslettheobesityspreadrapidly.

B.Individualshavegeneticallydeterminedrangesofweights.

C.Obesitycaneasilyspreadfromonetoanotherwithoutanyphysicalcontact.

D.Obesitycanspreadrapidlyandextensivelybyinfectionandaffectingmanyindividualsinan

areaorapopulationatthesametime.

上一題下一題

（36~40/共15題）閱讀理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題,每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。

請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

TheBeginningofAmericanLiterature

Americanhasalwaysbeenalandofbeginnings.AfterEuropeans"discovered"Americainthe

fifteenthcentury,themysteriousNewWorldbecameformanypeopleagenuinehopeofanew

life,anescapefrompovertyandpersecution,achancetostartagain.Wecansaythat,asnation,

Americabeginswiththathope.When,however,doesAmericanliteraturebegin?

AmericanliteraturebeginswithAmericanexperiences.Longbeforethefirstcolonistsarrived,

beforeChristopherColumbus,beforetheNorthmenwho"found"Americaabouttheyear1,000,

nativeAmericanslivedhere.Eachtribe'sliteraturewastightlywovenintothefabricofdailylife

andreflectedtheunmistakablyAmericanexperienceofliningwiththeland.Anotherkindof

experience,onefilledwithfearandexcitement,founditsexpressioninthereportsthat

ColumbusandotherexplorerssenthomeinSpain,FrenchandEnglish.Inaddition,thejournalsof

thepeoplewholivedanddiedintheNewEnglandwildernesstellunforgettabletalesofhardand

sometimesheartbreakingexperiencesofthoseearlyyears.

Experience,then,isthekeytoearlyAmericanliterature.TheNewWorldprovidedagreat

varietyofexperiences,andtheseexperiencesdemandedawidevarietyofexpressionsbyan

evenwidervarietyofearlyAmericanwriters.ThesewritersincludedJohnSmith,whospentonly

two-and-a-halfyearsontheAmericancontinent.TheyincludedJonathanEdwardsandWilliam

Byrd,whothoughtofthemselvesasBritishsubjects,neversuspectingarevolutionthatwould

createaUnitedStatesofAmericawithaliteratureofitsown.AmericanIndians,explorers,

Puritanministers,frontierwives,plantationowner—theyareallthecreatorsofthefirstAmerican

literature.

第36題

Whatdoes"thathope"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.ThehopethatAmericawouldbediscovered.

B.Thehopetostartanewlife.

C.ThehopetoseethemysteriesoftheNewWorld.

D.Thehopetofindpovertyhere.

第37題

WhendidAmericanliteraturebegin?

A.BeforetheAmericannativeslivedthere.

B.WhenColumbusandotherexplorerssentreportsbackhome.

C.WhentheNorthmenfoundAmericainabout1,000.

D.Longbeforetheyear1,000.

第38題

WhatcanwelearnfromtheliteratureofthetribesofthenativeAmericans?

A.AbouttheeverydaylifeofthenativeAmericans.

B.AboutthearrivalofColumbus.

C.AbouttheexperienceofthefirstEuropeansettlers.

D.AbouttheexperienceofthosewhodiedintheNewEnglandwilderness.

第39題

Themainpurposeofthelastparagraphistotellthereadersthat

A.intheearlydaysmostAmericanwriterswerefromGreatBritain

B.peoplewithrichlifeexperiencesbecamewriters

C.thereweremanywritersintheearlydaysofAmericanhistory

D.early-dayexperienceprovidedthefoundationforAmericanliterature

第40題

Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutAmerican

literature?

A.SomeBritishwritersstartedAmericanliterature.

B.Early-dayAmericanliteratureisareflectionoftheboringlifethen.

C.SomeBritishwritershaddoubtsaboutthefutureofAmericanliterature.

D.SomeBritishwritershadgreatconfidenceinthefutureofAmericanliterature.

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Who(Doesn't)LettheDogsBark?

Forthepastyear,CorneliaCzarneckisaid,thebarkingofherneighbor'sGermanshepherdhas

awakenedherrepeatedlyat4a.m.Thedogoftenbarksforhoursatatime,saidMrs.Czarnecki,a

Cliftonresident.

"Thatdogisouttherebarkingdayandnight,andwedon'tknowwhattodoanymore,"she

said.

Mrs.Czarneckibecamesoupsetaboutthedogthatshefiledamunicipalcomplaintagainst

himunderthetown'sgeneralnoiseordinance.Thecaseissettobeheardinmunicipalcourton

August6.ComplaintsliketheonesMrs.Czarneckilodgedwiththepoliceandcityofficialsledthe

CliftonCityCounciltodraftanordinancethatcouldresultinfinesforresidentswhosedogsare

"barking,howling,crying"ormakinganyotherloudnoisesformorethan30minutesinanhour.

"Ican'twait,"Mrs.Czarneckisaid.Thecounciltookuptheordinanceforafirstreadingon

Tuesday;afinalvoteisscheduledonAugust8.

"It'saqualityoflifeissue,"saidCouncilmanFrankC.Fusco,whointroducedthemeasure.

Cliftonisfarfromaloneinseekingtosilencenoisydogs.Atleast144ofNewJersey's

municipalitieshavelawsthataddresswhiningandbarking,accordingtoamunicipalordinance

databaseonlineatwww.generalcode.com.

InNewYork,atleast30townsinNassauandSuffolkCountieshavesimilarlaws,asdoabout

25townsinWestchesterCounty.Connecticuthasastatewidelawbarringdogsthatarea

"nuisance"becauseof"excessivebarkingorotherdisturbance."

Manyoftheordinancesintheregionaregeneralprohibitionsagainstexcessivewhiningor

barking.InWestchester,theCityofNewRochelleranintotroublewithitslawin1997aftera

residentchallengedacitation.Acityjudgeruledthattheordinancewasunconstitutionallyvague

becauseitdidnotincludedetailsabouttimeofdayanddurationofbarking,andthecitychanged

thelawin1998."Manyoftheseordinancesgobacktothe1800s,"saidtheNewRochelle

corporationcounsel,BernisShapiro."They'rejustcarriedforwardandtheydon'tgetchanged

untilanissuecomesup."

InMay2006,HillsboroughTownshipinSomersetCountypassedanordinancetospecifically

addressbarking,butnocomplaintshavebeenfiledsincethen,saidLt.BillGearyofthe

HillsboroughPoliceDepartment.OtherNewJerseytowns,includingBloomsburyinHunterdon

CountyandManvilleinSomerset,consideredsuchordinancesbutwithdrewthemafterresidents

complainedthattheywouldbeunenforceable.

Asforthosewhocontendthatabarkingdogshouldbealowpriority,CouncilmanFuscosaid,

"Ifthedogwasnexttoyourhouse,you*dsingadifferentsong."

Mr.FuscosaidhewasconfidentthattheordinanceproposedinCliftonwouldbesupportedby

hisfellowcouncilmembers.Atthesametime,heknowsthatsomeresidentsmayobject.

ButDavidAxelrod,agroomeratFurrsNPurrsonValleyRoad,saidhedidnotthinkthe

measurewastoughenough.

"Thirtyminutesisextremelygenerous/'hesaid."Thereisnoreasonwhyadogshouldbe

barkingthatlong."

Theordinancesaysbarkingmustbesustainedtobeillegal,anditbansexcessivebarkingonly

fromlOp.m.to7a.m.

Undertheordinance,aresidentcomplainstotheCityHealthDepartment,whichsendsa

warningnote.Ifthebarkingcontinues,theresidenttakesthecomplainttomunicipalcourt,

wherefinescanstartat$250,Beforeacourtdate,thecitywouldmostlikelytrytoresolvethe

matterthroughmediation,saidthecityattorney,MatthewT.Priore.

Lastyearaboutadozenwarninglettersweresenttoresidentsabouttheirbarkingdogs,

Cliftonofficialssaid.

Currently,residentscancomplainaboutbarkingunderthecity'sgeneralnoiseordinance,but

theyhavetoessentiallyprosecutethecaseinmunicipalcourtthemselves,Mr.Fuscosaid.Under

theproposedordinance,residentswouldappearasawitnessinacasepresentedbythe

municipalprosecutor.

"Thenewordinancehassomebitetoit,"Mr.Fuscosaid.EricM.Zwefiing,directorofthe

RutgersUniversityNoiseTechnicalAssistanceCenter,trainspoliceofficersonnoisecomplaints

andwritesmunicipalnoisecodes.

"OneofthethingsIsaytotheofficersItrainisthatifpeoplewerefundamentallyciviltoeach

other;we*dallbeoutofwork,"hesaid.

Mr.Zwerling,theownerofachocolateLabradornamedBosco,saidhehadhisown

appreciationofthebarkingproblem.

"Adogisbarkingforoneoftworeasons-eitheritneedsattentionoritistryingtoalertyouto

something,"hesaid."Ineithercase,youshouldbeattendingtoit."

第41題

What'sthereactionofMrs.Czarneckiwhenshewasannoyedbythebarkingofherneighbor's

dog?

A.Shewenttoherneighbor'sdoortocomplainaboutit.

B.Shewrotetothelocalgovernmentandsuggestedthatalawshouldbemadetoprohibitthe

dogsfrombarking.

C.Shelodgedacomplaintagainstthedogwiththemunicipality.

D.Shebecamesoupsetandtelephonedthepolice.

第42題

InthecityofClifton,alegislativebillthataddresseswhiningandbarkingwasintroducedby

A.DavidAxelrod

B.FrankC.Fusco

C.MatthewT.Priore

D.EricM.Zwerling

第43題

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Mrs.Czarnecki'scomplaintmadethecityofficialsdecidetointroducethegeneralnoise

ordinance.

B.CliftonisthefirstcityinNewJerseythatseekstosilencenoisydogs.

C.ThegeneralnoiseordinanceinCliftoniscontradictorytotheConstitutionsothatitwas

changedin1998.

D.Atpresent,Cliftonresidentswhocomplainaboutthenoisydogscannotemployalawyerto

prosecutethecaseinmunicipalcourt.

第44題

Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheproposedordinanceistrue?

A.CliftonCityCouncilfinallypasseditonTuesday,August8.

B.Undertheordinance,wheneveradogbarksover30minutesinanhour,itsmasterwillget

fined.

C.AIItheresidentsinCliftonhopethattheordinancecanbereinforcedassoonaspossible

becauseitisaqualityoflifeissue.

D.Peoplewhocomplainaboutthedisturbancebynoisydogsdonotneedtoprosecutethecase

inmunicipalcourtthemselvesaccordingtotheproposedordinance.

第45題

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisMr.Zwerling'sownappreciationofthebarkingproblem?

A.Theordinanceisnottoughenoughsinceitallowsadogbarkfor30minutes.

B.Theproblemcanonlybesolvedifpeoplearecivilenoughtoeachother.

C.Financialpunishmentisthebestwaytobandogsfrombarking.

D.Thecityshouldtryitsbesttoresolvethematterthroughmediation.

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ObesityCausesGlobalWarming

Thelistofillsattributabletoobesitykeepsgrowing:Lastweek,obesepeoplewereaccusedof

causingglobalwarming.

ThisconclusioncomesfromSheldonJacobsonoftheUniversityofIllinois,US,andadoctoral

student,LauraMeLay.Theirstudycalculateshowmuchextragasolineisneededtohaulfat

Americansaround.Theanswer,theysay,isabilliongallonsofgasperyear.1

Therehavebeencallsfortaxesonjunkfoodinrecentyears.2Wetaxcigarettespartly

becauseoftheirhealthcost,Schmidtsaid.Similarly,leadingalazylifestylewillendupcosting

taxpayersmore.USpoliticalscientistEricOliversaidhisfirstinstinctwastolaughatthesegas

andfastfoodarguments.Butsuchclaimsaregettingattention.

AttheUSObesitySocietiesannualmeeting,onepersoncorrelatedobesitywithcaraccident

deaths,andanothercorrelatedobesitywithsuicides.3Thefunnythingwasthateveryone

tookitseriously,Oliversaid.

Ina1960sstudy,childrenwereshowndrawingsofchildrenwithdisabilitiesandwithoutthem,

andadrawingofanobesechild.Theywereaskedwhichtheywouldwantforafriend.4

Threeresearchersrecentlyrepeatedthestudyusingcollegestudents.Onceagain,almostno

one,notevenobesepeople,likedtheobeseperson.Obesitywasstigmatized,theresearchers

said.

But,researcherssay,gettingthinisnotlikequittingsmoking.Peoplestruggletostopsmoking,

and,intheend,manysucceed.Obesityisdifferent,butnotbecauseobesepeopledon'tcare.

5Genesalsoplayapart.