2025高考英語(yǔ)步步高大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版知識(shí)清單1必修第三冊(cè)　Unit 5　The Value of Money

2025高考英語(yǔ)步步高大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版知識(shí)清單1Unit5TheValueofMoney1．ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth，aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread(熟詞生義：v.寫著)，“GiveWhatYouCan，TakeWhatYouNeed.”2．Peoplequicklycaughton(理解)．3．Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinning(show的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：show＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))ittotheboard.4．Increasingly，peoplesaytheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatgivethemasenseofpurpose(意義感)．5．Surelyayogurtthathelpedtheneedywouldbeappealing(吸引人的)．a(chǎn)ppealingadj.吸引人的，有感染力的appealv．呼吁，懇求；上訴，申訴；有吸引力，引起興趣短語(yǔ)：appealto呼吁；吸引Weappealto(呼吁)everyonetodosomethingtohelpprotectourenvironment.Sporthasbecomeanimportantformofentertainment，appealingto(吸引)bothmenandwomen.appealn．呼吁；吸引力；申訴Thegovernmenthaslaunchedanappeal(呼吁)tothepublictoraisemoneyforthesickkid.6.ButJuntoswasafailure.(此處failure為可數(shù)名詞，意為“失敗的人或事物”)7．Theyremindedsometofocuson(remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事)the“purposefulandvaluable”aspectwhileothersweretoldto“enjoythemselves”andfocuson“delightandpleasure”．8．Theyfoundthatparticipantswhoprioritized(優(yōu)先考慮)meaningpreferredthelessexpensiveproductwhencomparedwith(與……相比)peoplewhoputpleasureinthefirstplace.9．Instead，theywereoccupiedwith(忙于)whatelsetheycoulddowiththeirmoney.10．Iamallfor(befor贊成)peoplemakingwiseandstrategicfinancialchoices.11．Inexpensiveoptionsoftendonotlast(熟詞生義，此處為動(dòng)詞，意為“持續(xù)”)aslongasthehigher-endones.12．Plus，thatspendingpatterncandogreaterdamageto(對(duì)……造成破壞)theenvironment.13．Afewyearsafterdroppingoutofcollege(輟學(xué))andgettingmarried，shehadtwokidsandthuswasjustbusywithfamily，andthatcollegediplomaseemedfaraway.14．Nowagrandmotherof17，Joycesaidwhile(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)shedidn’tthinkmuchaboutreturningtocollege，itwasalwaysawish.15．Withthehelpofheradultchildren，Joyce，whowastoooldtodrive(“too＋形容詞或副詞＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，通常翻譯成“太……而不能……”)，begantakingonlineclassesusingacomputerforthefirsttime.16．“WangDao”isnotonlythenameofChenbutalsomeansinsistingon(堅(jiān)持)thepathoftruth.17．ItvividlypresentsasceneinwhichChenwassoabsorbedin(全神貫注于)histranslationthathemadeanamusingmistake.18．“Theuniversitydecidedtomakethefilmtopromotethenoblecharacterofourlate(熟詞生義，此處意為“已故的”)headmaster，ChenWangdao，andwehopehispursuitforabrightfutureofChinacancontinuetoinspiretheyoungpeople，”saidQiuXin，PartyChiefofFudanUniversity.選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit1ScienceandScientists1．Herfamilyisfamousfor(因……而出名；befamousas作為……而出名)producingthreefamouswomenscientists，includinghertwosisters.2．Thecouplemadegreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofuraniumfission(鈾核裂變)，whichdrewglobalattention(吸引全球的關(guān)注)andearnedthemworldwidereputations(贏得世界聲譽(yù))，alsomarkingamilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina’sexperimentalfissionphysics.3．Shepassedaway(去世)inBeijingin2011attheageof97，nearly20yearsafterQianSanqiang.4．Shededicatedherselfto(致力于……)science，livingasimplelife，alwaysnurturingyoungresearchersandmaintainingthehigheststandardsthatshehadalwaysvalued.(由and連接的三個(gè)并列的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)；that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾standards)5．Anti-mistingsprays(噴霧劑)areonewaytodealwith(處理)suchfogging.6．Anotherapproach(方法)istofixwithinthethingtobedemistedasetofelectricallypoweredheatingwires.approachn．方法；途徑；接近v．接近；靠近anapproachto...(做某事的)方法/途徑attheapproachof在快到……的時(shí)候beapproaching將要來(lái)臨7．Itsdemistingpropertiesarepowered(熟詞生義：驅(qū)動(dòng)，推動(dòng))bysunlight.8．Goldactsas(充當(dāng))amediumintheheatingprocess.9．Thenetworkwillnowabsorbheatifleftinthesunshine.(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)10．Glasscoated(熟詞生義：給……涂上)withMrHachler’sandDrPoulikakos’sinventionis，theyclaim，fourtimesmoreeffectiveatpreventingfogthananuncountedsurface.(倍數(shù)表達(dá))11．Canyoudrawanimageofwhatyouthinkatypicaldayintheforestduringspringwouldlooklike?(what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞of的賓語(yǔ))12．AsIwrappedupthepiece，therefollowedashortsilence(完全倒裝)beforeKatesaid...13．Sometimesall(此處為省略that的定語(yǔ)從句)weneedistouseourcreativityandtrydifferentmethodswhenfacingdifficulties(狀語(yǔ)從句的省略)．14．Ialsolearnedavaluableproblem-solvingskill，which(引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)Iappliedto(應(yīng)用于)mydailylife.applyto...for...向……申請(qǐng)……apply...to...把……應(yīng)用在……上；把……涂抹在……上applyoneselfto(doing)sth致力于/集中精力于……applicantn．申請(qǐng)人applicationn．申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用15．...24-year-oldAlexWongfoundhimselfstruggling(find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))withhismentalhealth.16．Itwasduringthistimethat(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Wongfeltthatheneededtofindpurposeandmeaninginhislife...17．Helpingmyhomelessfriends(動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ))hasgivenmydaysnewmeaningandpurposeandmademerealizehowgoodlifecanbe(how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作realize的賓語(yǔ))．Unit2BridgingCultures1．IhaveheardaboutthisplaceeversinceIgotmarried.(since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句謂語(yǔ)常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))2．Iendedupvisiting(endupdoing最終做，結(jié)果……)itsixyearsafterbeingmarried.3．Anyway，Iwasallsettohaveavery“average”(熟詞生義：普通的，一般的)experienceinthesouthofItalyineverysensebutIwasinforasurprise.4．That’sbecauseIhavevisitedalotofamazingbeachesandislands.(because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，意為“這是因?yàn)椤?5．Ifthere’sonecountrythat’ssoculturallypowerfulthat(如此……以至于……)everyonehastoexperienceitatleastonce，ithasgottobeItaly.so＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.,adj.＋an＋n.,many/much/few/little少＋n.))＋that從句6．Facedwith(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))manychallenges，heworkedtirelesslytodevelopchairskillsandconditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.7．AsIappliedtograduateschool，IknewIwouldplaywhereverIwasplanningtogo(wherever引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)．8．UniversityofMichiganAdaptiveSportsandFitnesswasformedin2018toaddress(熟詞生義：解決)theinequitableaccesstophysicalactivityopportunities，competitiveandrecreational，forstudentswithdisabilitiesatUniversityofMichigan.9．TheBirdLanguageDiversitywebappwillhelpprovidea“birdseyeview”，ensuringvitalinformationissharedtoimproveworldwideconservation(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))．10．Withoutenoughsharingofinformation，thiscanaffect(影響)theeffectivenessofconservationmeasures.(1)beaffectedby受……的影響；被……感動(dòng)beaffectedwith感染……疾病(2)effectn．作用；影響haveaneffecton對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響11．Itisclassifiedas(被歸類為……)vulnerablespecies(易危物種)andcrosses108countriesinEurope，AsiaandnorthAfrica，whereatotalof(總共，總計(jì))75officiallanguagesarespoken.12．...andisthereasonwhywe’reworkinghardtoimprovesciencecommunicationacrosslanguages.(why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thereason)13．Myuniversityislocatedin(位于，坐落于)Moscow，thecapitalofRussia，whichisacitywithalonghistory.14．Thesecond(the＋瞬間名詞moment，minute，instant，second等，意為“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于assoonas)Isteppedoutof(走出)theairport，Iimmediatelyfelthowcolditwasoutside.15．Igraduallyovercamethedifficultiesofstudyingabroadandcametoadjustto(適應(yīng))mynewenvironment.adjustv．調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣adjust(oneself)tosth/doingsth(使自己)適應(yīng)……；(使自己)習(xí)慣……Atfirst，Ifindithardtoadjustmyselftothenewclass.adjustmentn．調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)adjustableadj.可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的16．Thefirstchallengewasthelanguagebarrier(語(yǔ)言障礙)．17．AfterlearningRussianinChina，Irealizedthatmyskillswerenowherenearenough(遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠)．18．Ticketsforconcertsandculturaleventsherearerelativelycheap，makingiteasytoenrichmylifeonweekends.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)；makeit＋adj.＋todo)Unit3FoodandCulture1．FrancoBergaminoislikeasurprise“hiddenrecipe”amongyoungpeopleinsouthwestChina’sChongqingMunicipality，where(where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)the62-year-oldItalianchefruns(經(jīng)營(yíng))adesserthousecalledMimosa(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)修飾adesserthouse)．2．Thedesserthouseserveswinejellywithgreenpeppercheese，jasminemousseandpeach-Oolongcake—fusion(融合)dessertsthatcombineItalianspecialtieswith(combineAwithB把A與B結(jié)合起來(lái))localChineseingredients(原料)．3．In2016，hesettledinChongqingandsetup(建立，創(chuàng)立)adessertworkshop.4．Mimosa’sconsumersaremainlybetween25and35，agroupthatismorewillingto(bewillingtodo樂(lè)意做某事)tryoverseastastespartlydueto(因?yàn)椋捎?China’scontinuedopeningtotheoutsideworld.5．“IhopeIcanliveto95andstillwork，”hesaid，sothat(引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句)hecan，besidesbringingauthenticItaliandessertstomorecustomershavingasweettooth...6．Here’sarecipeforagoodanimalrescuestory：Takeoneresidentialcreek(小溪)，addonelonedolphinandthenbringin28determined(adj.堅(jiān)決的；有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的)biologists.bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事(表狀態(tài))determinev．決定；查明；裁決determinetodosth決心做某事(表動(dòng)作)determinationn．堅(jiān)定；決心7．BiologistswithClearwaterMarineAquariumhadbeenmonitoring(過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù))itsinceJan.1.8．ClearwaterMarineAquariumpartnered(熟詞生義：與……合作)withNOAAFisheriesandtheFloridaFish&WildlifeConservationCommissiontoguardthedolphintosafety.9．Thebiologistshadtostayshouldertoshoulder(肩并肩地)andnavigate[熟詞生義：小心翼翼地繞過(guò)(障礙)]treesanddockswithoutgivingthedolphinanopportunitytoslipby.10．Thehumanencouragementworked(奏效，起作用)，thoughtherewasamomentofuncertaintyas(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)theteammembersneared(near此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為：接近，靠近)thebridgeandweren’tsureifthedolphinwentthrough.(if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)11．Daysearlier，SarahBellamyhadreceivedamysteriousemailsaying(現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾email)that(that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作saying的賓語(yǔ))awealthmanagementcompanywasinterestedindiscussingthefinancialcrisisofPenumbra.12．Asthisstorywenttopress，Scotthadjustdonatedherlatestmoneybomb(熟詞生義：很多錢)，revealinginlateMarchthatshe’dgivenaway(捐贈(zèng))$3.9billion.13．TheWentianlabmodulewaslaunchedfromtheWenchangspacebase(n.基地)onthetropicalislandprovinceofHainanwithalargecrowdofamateurphotographersandspaceloverswatching(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語(yǔ))．base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……為根據(jù)bebasedon/upon以……為根據(jù)(基礎(chǔ))basisn．原因；基礎(chǔ)onadaily/regularbasis每天/定期basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的14．After13hoursofflight，itsuccessfully(adv.成功地；n.success；v.succeed；adj.successful)docked(對(duì)接)withtheTiangongstation’smainTianhelivingmoduleat3：13a．m.15．TheWentianwasdesignedfor(為……而設(shè)計(jì))scienceandbiologyexperiments，anditsfeatureisthat(that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)the23-tonlabmodulewasheavierthananyothersingle-modulespacecraftcurrentlyinspace.(1)bedesignedfor.../todosth為……而設(shè)計(jì)/旨在做……(2)bydesign(＝onpurpose)故意地，蓄意地byaccident/bychance偶然地16．China’sspaceprogramlauncheditsfirstastronautintoorbitin2003，makingitonlythethirdcountrytodosoonitsown.(不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾thethirdcountry)(1)當(dāng)中心詞是序數(shù)詞或中心詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)等修飾時(shí)或前有thenext，theonly，thelast等時(shí)，常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。(2)一些抽象名詞常用動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的抽象名詞有：ability，chance，ambition，attempt，belief等。Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand1．Thewalkingtour，whichcovers(行走一段路程)1.2milesataleisurelypace，focuseson(集中注意力于；特別關(guān)注)theneighborhoodlocated(過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ))undertheSydneyHarbourBridge.cover一詞多義v．覆蓋；夠付(費(fèi)用)；行走(一段路程)；涉及；報(bào)道；掩飾n．封皮2．Plus，youcanseetheshorelineofSydneyCoveaswellas(和；還)viewsofSydneyOperaHouse.(1)aswellas“既……又……”，可連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)(2)aswellas連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致3．Childrenmustbeaccompaniedby(由……陪伴)anadult.4．Itinstructedmetoturnrightoncemore.Witheveryturn，thestreetnarrowed(熟詞生義：變狹窄)．5．Thenewroadwasevennarrower，thewallssocloseyoufeelhardtoholdyourbreath(屏住呼吸)．takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣outofbreath上氣不接下氣6．Thedrivergestured(熟詞生義：打手勢(shì))，telling(現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ))meI’llhavetomakeway.7．Ididn’thavethenerve(熟詞生義：勇氣)tobackupalongtheimpossiblynarrowroad.8．Fooddesertsaregenerallyclassifiedasgeographicregionswherepeoplehavefeworlimitedoptionstopurchasenutritiousandaffordable(負(fù)擔(dān)得起的)foodslikevegetablesandfruits.動(dòng)詞加后綴-able可以構(gòu)成形容詞，如：available可用的，可獲得的；comfortable令人舒適的；remarkable引人注目的，非凡的；considerable相當(dāng)大的，相當(dāng)重要的；acceptable可接受的；sustainable可持續(xù)的；drinkable可飲用的；adjustable可調(diào)整的；reasonable有道理的，合情理的；favorable有利的；贊成的；valuable值錢的，貴重的；reliable可靠的，可信賴的，等等。9．Urbanareaslackingaccessto(接觸/使用權(quán))freshfoodsaregenerallydividedbyracialandeconomiclines.have/gain/getaccessto有接近/使用……的機(jī)會(huì)或權(quán)利beaccessibleto……是可以接近/使用的10．...alackofaccesstoavehicleandlimited(adj.有限的；v.&n．limit限制n．limitation限制，局限)ornonexistentpublictransportationcontributeto(導(dǎo)致)foodaccessibilitychallenges.contributeto為……做貢獻(xiàn)；有助于；促成contribute...to...為……捐款；向……投稿makeacontribution/contributionsto(doing)sth為(做)某事做出貢獻(xiàn)11．Evenpublicutility(設(shè)施)challenges，likepoorlymaintainedroads，canpreventbigcompaniesfrom(阻止……)settingupshopsinneighborhoodsthatmostneedtheirgoodsandservices，accordingtoHarvardBusinessReview.12．There，youwillfindyourselfdrawninandinspired(adj.受到鼓舞的；adj.inspiring鼓舞人心的；n.inspiration靈感)！(find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))13．Theyalsodesignexhibitionsrelatedtovisualarts，industrialinnovationsandanythingthat(先行詞為不定代詞，只能由that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)inspiresanindividualtolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.14．Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetoexposechildrento(讓某人接觸……)knowledgeofvariousfieldsandexpandtheirhorizons.15．Theyhaveactivitiesandexhibitionsthroughwhich(“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)visitorscanlearnaboutlocalhistory.Unit5FirstAid1．Takingabriefmomenttoseekhelpisoftenthebestfirstresponse(n.回應(yīng)；v.respond對(duì)……作出回應(yīng)，與to連用)．2．Butbeforeanambulancecangettothescene，theimmediatefirstaidattendancetoanyonewho(who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾anyone)isinjuredseriouslymakesadifference(有影響，起作用)betweenlifeanddeath.3．Thisisacoursedesignedtoprovide(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ))awidevarietyof(多種多樣的)healthcareprofessionalswiththeabilitytorecognizeseverallife-threateningemergencies...4．Inconv