高中英語課堂導學Module6TheInternetandTelecommunications教學素材外研版必修1

PAGEPAGE12用心愛心專心課堂導學文本感知Ⅰ.READINGANDVOCABULARY1.Thesecondparagraphmainlytellsusof______.A.thefirstcomputerB.thefirstnetworkC.thedevelopmentofNSFNETD.usesofthenetwork答案：B2.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecanconcludethat______.A.EnglishwillbereplacedbyChineseontheWebinthefutureB.EnglishwillstillcontroltheWebinthefutureC.ChinesewillbecomeoneofthemainlanguagesontheWebinthefutureD.youwon’tgetinformationfromthewebifyoudon’tknowChineseinthefuture答案：C3.TheideaoftheWorldWideWebappearedin______by______.A.1969;DARPAB.1984;NSFC.1991;TimBerners-LeeD.1989;TimBerners-Lee答案：D4.TheWorldWideWebisusedto______.A.shareinformationwithothercomputerusersB.storeimportantinformationC.carryinformationtoothercomputerusersD.makethousandsofmillionaires答案：A5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis______.A.Berners-Lee,theInventorofWWWB.WanttoBeaMillionaire?GotoWWW!C.TheDevelopmentoftheInternetD.TheUsesoftheInternet答案:CⅡ.CULTURALCORNER1.Whydopeopleprefertousetextmessagesinsteadoftalkingonthephones?A.Theywanttokeepsecret.B.Theywanttosavemoney.C.Theywanttomakejokes.D.Theywanttoplaywordgames.答案：B2.Ifyouwanttounderstandtheemoticon,you’dbetterlookat______.A.upsidedownB.inthefaceC.fromtheupsideD.fromtheside答案：D3.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.howtomakeyourphonecallcheaperB.textmessagesandemoticonsC.howtoreadtextmessagesandemoticonsD.howtoshortenyourtextmessages答案：B4.Fromthepassage,weknowthat______.A.itiseasytounderstandsomeshortmessagesifyouareaChineseB.itishardtounderstandtheemoticonsifyoudon’tknowEnglish.C.theshortmessagescannotbemadebyChineseD.shortmessagessometimesmakeuspuzzled答案:D難句透視1.ACD-ROMisaseparatediskthatcontainslotsofinformation.一個光盤只讀存儲器是一個可以容納大量信息的單獨的圓盤。剖析:CD-ROM是compactdiscread-onlymemory的縮略詞,意為“光盤只讀存儲器”；separate是形容詞作定語修飾disk,意指“單獨的”；contain意為“容納”。information是不可數(shù)名詞。2.TheInternetisthebiggestsourceofinformationintheworld,andit’saccessiblethroughacomputer.因特網(wǎng)是世界上最大的信息來源,可以通過電腦獲取。剖析:source指“來源”；isaccessible意為“可使用的”。3.Itconsistsofmillionsofpagesofdata.它是由數(shù)百萬頁資料組成的。剖析:consistof由……組成；pages指“網(wǎng)頁”；data是復數(shù)名詞,單數(shù)是datum,意為“資料,信息,情報”。4.NSF-NetworkbecameknownastheInter-Network,or“Internet”.NSF-Network作為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡或“因特網(wǎng)”而變得著名。剖析:become/beknownas作為……而出名，被稱為……,叫做……;be強調狀態(tài),become強調(由不為人所知到為人所知的)變化。5.Atthemoment,about80percentofwebtrafficisinEnglish,butthispercentageisgoingdown.現(xiàn)在,百分之八十的網(wǎng)絡信息是英文的,但是這一比例正在下降。剖析:atthemoment意為“目前”；traffic是不可數(shù)名詞。80percentageofwebtraffic作主語,webtraffic為不可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù)形式is。godown(價格、價值、程度、數(shù)量等)下降；降低6.HecameupwiththeideaoftheWorldWideWebin1989whilehewasworkinginSwitzerland.1989年在瑞士工作時,他產(chǎn)生了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的想法。剖析:cameupwith提出，想出;whilehewasworkinginSwitzerland是時間狀語從句,意為“當……的時候”。7.Berners-LeemadeitpossibleforeveryonetousetheInternet,notjustuniversitiesandthearmy.貝爾納斯·李讓每個人使用因特網(wǎng)成為可能,而不僅僅是大學和軍隊。剖析:madeitpossible屬“make+賓語+賓補”句式，意為“使……成為可能”；it是形式賓語；foreveryonetousetheInternet是真正的賓語。notjust意為“不僅僅……”。8.Withinfiveyears,thenumberofInternetusersrosefrom600000to40million.在五年中,因特網(wǎng)的用戶從600000增長到40000000。剖析:within強調在五年內(nèi),不超過五年；thenumber是主語。rosefrom...to...從……增長到了……9.Atthispoint,ChinapassedtheUStobecomethelargestmobilemarketintheworld.在這一點上,中國已超過美國,成為了世界上最大的手機市場。剖析:atthepoint是習慣用語,意為“在這一點上”。passed是及物動詞,意為“超過”；tobecomethelargest...是不定式作結果狀語。要點解讀一、詞匯詳解1.containv.包含;容納;控制【典型例句】Thebookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.這本書包含著你需要的所有信息。Thestadiumisbigenoughtocontain100thousandaudience.這個體育場可以容納十萬觀眾。Anadultshouldbeabletocontainoneself.一個成年人應當能夠控制自己?！鞠嚓P鏈接】include和contain的區(qū)別兩者都有“包含”的意思,contain用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分內(nèi)容；include則只是包含一部分內(nèi)容。例如：Thebookweareusingincludesarevisionmodule.我們正在用的書包括一個復習模塊。單項填空—WherecanIgetthelatestnewsabouttheAthens2004OlympicGames?—GototheInternet;Alotofwebsiteswillgiveyouthemostrecentnews,______Sina,Sohu,Yahoo,etc.A.includedB.containingC.includingD.contains提示:includingSina,Sohu,Yahoo,etc.包含新浪網(wǎng)、搜狐網(wǎng)、雅虎網(wǎng)等。答案:C2.accessn.接近；通路；使用vt.&vi.接近；使用【典型例句】Onlyafewpeoplehaveaccesstothefullfactsofthecase.只有少數(shù)幾個人能看到有關該案全部事實的材料。Theonlyaccesstotheirhouseisalongthatnarrowroad.只有沿著那條狹窄的路走才能到達他們的房子。YoucanaccesstheinformationfromanywhereintheInternet.你能夠在網(wǎng)上的任何地方使用這個信息。【知識小結】access常構成haveaccessto短語,意為“能夠使用……”。to是介詞,后接名詞或代詞作賓語。【相關鏈接】accessibleadj.可進入的；可使用的Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereitisaccessibletochildren.藥品不應放在兒童容易拿到的地方。單項填空(1)Therearealotof______websitesonyoursubject;it’sonlyamatterofaclick.A.enableB.possibleC.accessibleD.obtainable提示：accessible可以使用的。答案:C(2)Forprofessionalathletes,______totheOlympicsmeansthattheyhaveachancetoenterthehistorybooks.A.accessB.attachC.appealD.approach提示:access進入，使用；attach是動詞,意為“系,附加”；appeal作名詞用時,意為“吸引力”；approach作名詞用時意為“途徑,靠近”。答案:A3.logvt.記錄；登錄【典型例句】Wecannotlogonbecausethecomputerhascrashed.我們不能登入,因為電腦死機了。Logoffthisaddressandtryanother.退出這個網(wǎng)址,再試一個?！局R小結】logon登入,進入logoff退出單項填空Robin,Imaynotbeableto______onYahootonightasImaynothaveaPCthathasaccesstogamesYahoo.A.enterB.logC.useD.access提示:logonyahoo登入雅虎。答案:B4.sourcen.來源；出處【典型例句】Thenewscomesfromareliablesource.這消息來自一位可靠人士。DoyouknowthesourceofAmazonRiver?你知道亞馬遜河的源頭嗎?【相關鏈接】resourcen.資源Theexploitationofnaturalresourceswasheldbackbythelackoftechnicians.自然資源的開發(fā)因缺少技術人員而受阻。單項填空TheInternetisofgreatvalueasadata______.A.resourceB.sourceC.wealthD.basis提示:句意為“因特網(wǎng)作為一個信息來源是很有價值的”。答案:B5.consistof由……組成【典型例句】Airconsistschieflyofnitrogen.空氣主要由氮組成。Thecommitteeconsistsoftwentymembers.該委員會由二十名會員組成?！局R小結】consistof沒有被動形式,在語意上相當于bemadeupof.【相關鏈接】consistin在于……Happinessconsistsincontentment.幸福在于知足。consistwith與……相符Hisconclusionsdonotconsistwiththefacts.他的結論與事實不符。單項填空(1)TheGroupofEight______theeightrichestcountriesintheworld.A.consistsbyB.consistsofC.isconsistedbyD.isconsistedof提示:consistof意為“由……組成”“由……構成”,consist無被動式。答案:B(2)Thismachineis______hundredsofdifferentparts.A.madeofB.madefromC.madeupofD.consistedof提示:bemadeof和bemadefrom由……材料制成。前者看得出原材料,后者看不出；D項沒有被動用法。答案:C6.aswell也【典型例句】HeknowsFrench,andheknowsEnglishaswell.他懂法語,他也懂英語。I’mfondofsurfingthenetaswell.我也喜歡上網(wǎng)沖浪?！局R小結】aswell常用于肯定句句尾,表示“還,也”等,相當于too?！鞠嚓P鏈接】aswellas還有;不但……,而且……IcanspeakJapaneseaswellasEnglish.我不但會說英語,也會說日語。(重點在于會說日語)單項填空—Dr.WhitehasgotplentyofinformationaboutUFO.He’spromisedtoofferittome.—Ihaveasmuch.Wouldyouliketohavemine______?A.aswellB.aspossibleC.sofarD.ifso提示:句意:“懷特博士有足夠的關于UFO的資料。他答應提供給我?！薄拔乙灿泻芏?你也愿意要我的嗎？”,此處用aswell表示“也”。答案:A7.viaprep.途經(jīng)；經(jīng)由；通過【典型例句】HeflewtoNewYorkviaHongKong.他經(jīng)過香港飛往紐約。IsentamessagetoMaryviaherfriend.我通過瑪麗的朋友帶信給她。單項填空NowwecanwatchvariousliveTVprogrammes______thecommunicationsatellites.A.onB.inC.fromD.via提示:句意:現(xiàn)在我們可通過通訊衛(wèi)星觀看不同的直播電視節(jié)目。答案:D8.godown下去,下降,落下,記下【典型例句】Ifthewindgoesdown,wemaybeabletosailtomorrow.如果風變小了,我們明天就可能出海。Shareshavegonedownagainbysixpoints.股票又下跌了6點。Theshipwentdownlikelead.這只船像鉛似的下沉。Hewillgodowninhistoryasanationalhero.他將作為一位民族英雄名垂史冊。單項填空Sincethecomputerpricehas______,whynotbuyone,MadamKin?A.broughtdownB.putdownC.gonedownD.takendown提示:價格下降,可用bebroughtdown或godown。putdown放下,鎮(zhèn)壓；takedown記下,拿下來。答案:C9.comeupwith(針對問題等)想出;提供;趕上【典型例句】Hecameupwithgoodideasfortheproductpromotion.他想出一個推廣產(chǎn)品的好方法。Hecouldnotcomeupwithaproperanswer.他想不出一個合適的回答。Wecameupwithagroupoftourists.我們趕上了一群旅游者。單項填空Themanagerisveryhappywiththenamesthatwehave______forthenewcompany.A.putupwithB.caughtupwithC.keptupwithD.comeupwith提示:putupwith忍受；catchupwith趕上；keepupwith保持同步；comeupwith提出。答案:D10.designvt.設計;構思:繪制;打算將……用作n.設計；圖案；計劃【典型例句】Theexperimentisdesignedtotestthenewdrug.實驗的目的是試驗新藥。Theglovesweredesignedforextremelycoldclimates.這些手套是為嚴寒地區(qū)制造的。Ilikethedesignofthatrug.我喜歡那地毯的圖案。Thedesignwastobuildanewlibrary.計劃是建造一個新圖書館。單項填空Childrenabove12areabletotakepartinskiing(滑雪)orotheractivities______forthem.A.designedB.designingC.todesignD.havingdesigned提示:designed是過去分詞作后置定語,修飾activities,意為“為……而設計的活動”。答案:A11.concentratev.全神貫注,精神集中,專心致志；集中,集合；濃縮【典型例句】Weshouldconcentratealloureffortsonimprovingeducation.我們應該集中精力努力改進教育工作。Troopsareconcentratingsouthoftheriver.軍隊正向河的南邊集結?！局R小結】concentrateon聚精會神；集中思想Sheistoodistractedtoconcentrateproperlyonherstudy.她過于心煩意亂,無法集中精力學習。單項填空Annecouldn’tconcentrate______whatshewasdoingwhileherfamilywerewatchingTV.A.toB.onC.forD.in提示:concentrate與介詞on形成固定搭配。句意:全家人都在看電視,安妮不能集中注意力做她正在做的事情。答案:B12.comparevt.比較,比作vi.(可與……)相比,匹敵【典型例句】Pleasecomparethetranslationwith/totheoriginal.請拿原文同譯文對照。Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亞把人世比作舞臺。Theseorangesaresweet,comparedwiththoseIboughtyesterday這些橘子比我昨天買的要甜。Londonislarge,comparedtoParis.和巴黎比,倫敦要大些。Comparedwithmine,yourworkishard.和我的工作相比,你的任務要艱巨些?！局R小結】compare...to..多用來說明相似之處,常譯為“比作,比為”；也可用于比較之意；但compare...with...往往強調“與……比較”之意,不用于“比作”。單項填空(1)Herudely______myhomemadebreadtoalumpofrock.A.preferredB.comparedC.matchedD.thought提示:句意:他把我家做的面包比喻成硬石塊,真是無理。答案:B(2)Inthe16-19agegroup,32ofwomensmoke______28ofmen.A.comparingtoB.comparingwithC.comparedtoD.comparewith提示:表示“與……相比”,我們既可以用comparedto也可以用comparedwith。答案:C二、句型剖析1.it作形式賓語【典型例句】HefounditveryimportantforthestudentstolearnEnglishwell.他發(fā)現(xiàn)對于學生來說學好英語很重要。Ihearditsaidthatyou’vegotanunusualstamp.我聽說你得到了一枚罕見的郵票。Itrytomakeitpossibletocontactwithyouatanytime.我努力使得隨時與你取得聯(lián)系成為可能。Hethoughtitannoyingtoliveinthenoisycity.他認為生活在吵鬧的城市里真煩人?！局R小結】及物動詞后面接不定式或that從句時,如果有賓補,則要用it作形式賓語,放在賓語的位置,把真正的賓語放到句末。適用于這種句式的謂語動詞有:think,find,believe,feel等。單項填空(1)Idon’tthink______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it提示:it作形式賓語,代替真正的賓語tomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork。將C改成it’s也對,那么該句就由簡單句變成了Idon’tthink后接賓語從句的主從復合句。答案:D(2)I’veheard______saidthatElizabethisatoughbusinesswoman.A.itB.herC.whatD.that提示:it是形式賓語,said是過去分詞作賓補,真正的賓語從句在賓補后。實際上此題考查Itissaidthat...。答案:A2.與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣【典型例句】Ifhewerehere,hecouldhelpyou.如果他在這里,他會幫助你的。IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldcallhim.如果我知道他的電話號碼,我就給他打電話了?！局R小結】在與現(xiàn)在事實相反的非真實條件句中,if從句的謂語動詞用過去式(動詞be通常用were),主句的謂語可用“would/could/might/should+動詞原形”。如果if虛擬條件句含有were,had或should,還可使用倒裝式,即將if省略,將were,had或should放在主語之前。例如:Ifwehadtime,wewouldgowithyou.如果我們有時間,我們就跟你去。=Hadwetime,wewouldgowithyou.【相關鏈接】如果與將來事實相反,if從句用一般過去時/wereto+動詞原形/could/should+v.，主句用could/should等情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形。如果與過去事實相反,if從句用haddone;主句用could/might/would+havedone。單項填空(1)IfI______plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto提示:此題考虛擬語氣的用法。從整句話的含義可判斷“if”引導的從句須用虛擬語氣。答案:B(2)IfHarrydidnotattendtheconferencelastnight,he______toomuchworktodo.A.hadtohavehadB.hadhadC.musthavehadD.musthave提示:句意:如果哈利昨天沒有參加會議的話,他肯定有許多工作要做。注意條件句中的時態(tài)是didnotattend,所以判斷這不是敘述過去情況的虛擬語氣。空格處是對過去情況的猜測——他一定昨天晚上有很多工作要做,所以才沒有去參加會議的。答案:C三、語法詳解冠詞（零冠詞和定冠詞）1.定冠詞——特指。最主要的幾種用法：（1）表示上文提到過的人或事。Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisveryuseful.我昨天買了一本字典,這本字典很有用。（2）用于說話人和聽話人心中都明白的人或事。Shutthedoor,please.請關上門。（3）表示世界上獨一無二的事物。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉。（4）放在復數(shù)姓氏前表示一家人或夫婦。theTurners特納一家人或特納夫婦（5）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞的最高級前。thefirst,thesecond,themostbeautiful(6)用在表示方位的名詞前。thenorth,thewest,theeast(7)放在形容詞前,表示一類人。thepoor,therich,thewounded,thesick(8)放在一些專有名詞前theUK,theUSA,theGreatWall(9)用在樂器前Sheplaysthepianoverywell.她的鋼琴彈得很好。2.零冠詞——不使用冠詞（1）季節(jié)、月份、星期、三餐、呼語、家人稱謂、節(jié)假日、球類和棋類Shelikesspringbest.她最喜歡春天。PleasegiveeachothergiftsonChristmasDay.請在圣誕節(jié)互贈對方禮物。(2)表示總數(shù)的復數(shù)名詞前Childrenlikecartoons.兒童喜歡動畫片。(3)學科名稱前Englishisdifficulttolearn.英語難學。(4)表示職位的詞,在句子中作表語、補語、同位語時Hewaschosenchairmanofthemeeting.他被選為大會主席。(5)某一些詞，如：church,school,hospital,prison,bed,college等表示抽象意義時。Hewasputintoprison.他被投進了監(jiān)獄。（6）用于固定結構中inpublic,inuse,infavorof等。單項填空(1)Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto______hotel;Icanfindyou______bedinmyflat.A.the;aB.the;/C.a;theD.a;/提示：這道題考查冠詞的用法。句意是“下次來度假時不要住旅館了,在我的公寓里給你找張床”。答案：A(2)Mr.Lidecidedtohave______supperathomeon______Mid-autumnFestival.A.the;aB.a;theC./;theD./;/提示：一日三餐之前不加冠詞,“中秋節(jié)”前常使用定冠詞。答案：C(3)______meetingheldlastnightwas______greatsuccess.A.A;aB.A;/C.T