2024高考英語一輪總復習語法專題突破專題四形容詞和副詞學案含解析北師大版

PAGE專題四形容詞和副詞核心考點課堂突破高考感悟Ⅰ.單句填空1.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis(extreme)challenging.

2.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffices.(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.

3.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)The(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.

4.(2024·全國Ⅲ卷)Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(畫像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir(fine)work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.

5.(2024·全國Ⅲ卷)Asthesmallboatmoved,(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.

6.(2024·新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Inthe18thand19thcenturies,(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.

7.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen(poor)studied.

8.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare(high)thantheyactuallyare.

9.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanoftheYear.

10.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)“...Wearesoproudofher.It’s(wonder).”

11.(2024·全國Ⅲ卷)Theyalsosharedwithusmany(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere(huge)popularwithtourists.

Ⅱ.單句改錯1.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.

2.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)I’msurelyyou’llhaveagoodtime.

3.(2024·全國Ⅲ卷)Inordertomakesurelyallofusareingoodhealth,shemakesspecialplansforus.

4.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Mymomisreallyconcerningwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamily.

5.(2024·全國Ⅲ卷)BestofluckwithyourlearningkungfuinChina.Seeyousooner.

6.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.

7.(2024·全國Ⅰ卷)Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.

8.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.

9.(2024·全國Ⅱ卷)Then,whenIwasinthefifthgrade,IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch.

考點歸納考點一復合形容詞的構成形容詞+名詞+edkind-hearted名詞+形容詞world-famous形容詞+形容詞dark-blue名詞+現在分詞peace-loving形容詞+現在分詞ordinary-looking名詞+過去分詞snow-covered副詞+現在分詞hard-working數詞+名詞+edthree-legged副詞+過去分詞newly-built數詞+名詞twenty-year考點二形容詞做定語的位置形容詞做定語通常前置,但在下列狀況后置:修飾some,any,every,no和body,thing,one等構成的復合不定代詞時nobodyabsent,everythingpossible以-able,-ible結尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后thebestbookavailable,theonlysolutionpossiblealive,alike,awake,aware,asleep等可以后置theonlypersonawake和空間、時間、單位連用時abridge50meterslong成對的形容詞可以后置ahugeroomsimpleandbeautiful形容詞短語一般后置amandifficulttogetonwith考點三副詞的分類時間副詞soon,now,early,finally,once,recently頻度副詞always,often,frequently,seldom,never地點副詞here,nearby,outside,upwards,above疑問副詞how,where,when,why方式副詞gently,hard,well,fast,slowly,excitedly,really連接副詞how,when,where,why,whether,however,meanwhile程度副詞extremely,simply,surely,so,almost,nearly,very,fairly,quite,rather關系副詞when,where,why考點四形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級構成1.形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的構成規(guī)則◆規(guī)則改變構成例詞原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞一般狀況下干脆加-er和-estsmallsmallersmallestgreatgreatergreatesthardharderhardest以e結尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數以-ble結尾的雙音節(jié)詞加-r和-stfinefinerfinestcutecutercutestableablerablest以一個輔音字母結尾,且前面只有一個元音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母后再加-er和-estfatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以“輔音字母+y”結尾的詞,先把y變?yōu)閕再加-er和-esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest少數以-er,-ow結尾的雙音節(jié)詞,加-er和-estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞一般在前面加more和mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulpopularmorepopularmostpopularefficientlymoreefficientlymostefficiently特殊提示①有少數幾個雙音節(jié)形容詞,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most構成比較級和最高級。這些雙音節(jié)詞是:common,handsome,quiet,wicked,pleasant,cruel,stupid和以-ow,-er結尾的詞。②有些形容詞沒有程度可分或形容詞本身就表示某種程度,因此沒有比較級和最高級。這類形容詞有:right(正確的),wrong(錯誤的),excellent(優(yōu)秀的),favourite(最寵愛的),possible(可能的),empty(空的)等?！舨灰?guī)則改變原級比較級最高級good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2.形容詞和副詞比較等級常見句式項目例句as...as.../notso(as)...as...,意為“和……(不)一樣……”Sheisastallashermother.Iamnotas/sogoodaplayerasyouare.比較級(+than),意為“一方比另一方……”Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.Ihaveneverseenamoreinterestingfilm.續(xù)表項目例句less+原級+than,意為“一方不及另一方……”Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.the+比較級,the+比較級,意為“越……越……”Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyouwillmake.“否定詞+比較級”表示最高級意義Ihaveneverspentamoreworryingday.more...than...,意為“與其……倒不如……”Heismoreshythanunfriendly.以-ior結尾的形容詞,與to搭配。如:junior,senior,superior,prior,inferior等ThebookissuperiortothatoneIjustfinishedreading.no+比較級+than兩者都不Thisbookisnomoreinterestingthanthatonce.The+比較級+ofthetwo兩者中較為……theolderofthetwo留意1.可以修飾比較級的程度副詞有:still,rather,much,many,alot,even,far,abit,alittle,byfar,agreatdeal2.常用as...as結構的詞組:(1)aslongas只要(2)asfaras遠到……;就……而言(3)assoonas一……就……(4)aswellas既……又;和……一樣好(5)asgoodas與……幾乎一樣;幾乎;簡直是;和……一樣好(6)as...aspossible盡可能……(7)asbusyasabee特別勞碌考點五倍數的表達Ais+倍數+比較級+than+BThisbuildingisthreetimeshigherthanthatone.Ais+倍數+as+原級+as+BThisbuildingisthreetimesashighasthatone.續(xù)表Ais+倍數+the+名詞(size,length,height等)+of+BThisbuildingisthreetimestheheightofthatone.Ais+倍數+that+of+BTheoutputofthisyearis3timesthatof2024.Ais+倍數+what引導的名詞性從句Theoutputofthisyearis3timeswhatitwasin2024.考點六常用的分詞形容詞和副詞有些動詞的分詞可以用作形容詞,在該形容詞后加-ly則可以構成相應的副詞。形容詞副詞exciting令人興奮的excited興奮的excitingly令人興奮地excitedly興奮地disappointing令人悲觀的disappointed悲觀的disappointingly令人悲觀地disappointedly悲觀地surprising令人驚訝的surprised驚訝的surprisingly令人驚訝地surprisedly驚訝地shocking令人震驚的shocked震驚的shockingly令人震驚地shockedly震驚地amazing令人驚異的amazed感到驚異的amazingly令人驚異地amazedly感到驚異地interesting好玩的interested感愛好的interestingly好玩地interestedly感愛好地embarrassing令人尷尬的embarrassed感到尷尬的embarrassingly令人尷尬地embarrassedly感到尷尬地confusing令人感到困惑的confused感到困惑的confusingly令人感到困惑地confusedly感到困惑地專項訓練鞏固提升Ⅰ.單句填空1.Infact,1924isoftenconsideredthebeginningofa(true)modernOlympicera.

2.Raymond’sparentswantedhimtohavethe(good)possibleeducation.

3.Thenewgroupofstudentsisbetter-behavedthantheothergroupwhostayedhere(early).

4.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93-94.Wewereonly(narrow)beaten.

5.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrivestheleast(careful)ofmyfriends.

6.Shedevotedherself(entire)toherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.

7.Thecommitteeisdiscussingtheproblemrightnow.Itwill(hope)havebeensolvedbytheendofnextweek.

8.Scientistshopethattheseprecautionswillpreventany(far)damagetothepaintings.

9.Bobranthe100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseena(good)onethisyear.

10.MrSmithusedtosmoke(heavy)buthehasgivenitup.

Ⅱ.單句改錯1.Hehadsuchmanyfallsthathewasblackandblueallover.

2.Althoughtheclimateandthelandscapearepleased,peopleleadatoughlifethere.

3.I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.

4.IcouldgoodremembertheincidentthathappenedonthecoldMondayevening.

5.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.

6.Iwenttovisitherthismorning,butshegotverymuchangrywithmeforspendingmymoneyonflowers.

7.Afteranhourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightening.

8.Afterlearningthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticallytome.

9.LocatedinNorthAmerica,Canadaisthesecondlargecountrywiththelargestnumberoflakesintheworld.

10.Nothingismucheasytodefeatyouwhenyouoftenassessyourselfnegatively.

Ⅲ.語法填空Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn’tknowvery1.(good),invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook2.(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar3.(quick).

Atnoon,justasIwasleavingmyfriend’soffice,it4.(sudden)struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.Icould5.(hard)gouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!Walkingdownthestreet,Iexaminedeachcar6.(close)andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow7.(disappoint)Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas8.(exact)likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!Feelingquite9.(tire),Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime10.(late),Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthestreet.Turningthecorner,Inearlyjumpedforjoy:mycarwasrightinfrontofme,andtherewasnoproblemthistime.

Ⅳ.短文改錯MrPage,Howareyoudoing?It’sahonourtoinviteyoutoourschoolgivealecturetothestudents.WhatthestudentsareinterestinginiswhatPrincetonUniversityislike.However,thestudentsareeagertoknowthathowtheycanbeadmittedbytheuniversity.Busyasyouare,youarestillwillinglytoprepareforthelecture.Here,Iexpressedgratitudetoyouonbehalfofallthestudents.What’sworse,thelecturewillbeholdingbetween4:00pmto5:00pmnextTuesdayinthelecturehallinthesecondflooroftheschoolmainbuilding.Hopetoseeyouthen.Yours,LiHua專題四形容詞和副詞核心考點·課堂突破高考感悟Ⅰ.1.extremely2.Certainly3.beautiful4.finest5.gently6.wealthy7.poorly8.higher9.finally10.wonderful11.traditional;hugelyⅡ.1.simply→simple2.surely→sure3.surely→sure4.concerni