教師資格認(rèn)定考試初級中學(xué)英語真題2012年下半年

教師資格認(rèn)定考試初級中學(xué)英語真題2012年下半年一、選擇題

在每小題列出的四個備選項中選擇一個最佳答案。1.

______RiverGangesisthemostsacredriver（江南博哥）toHindusandisalsoalifelinetomillionsofIndianswholivealongitscourseanddependonitfortheirdailyneeds.A.TheB./C.AD.An正確答案：A[解析]考查冠詞用法。RiverGanges“恒河”，它屬于江河湖海這一類名詞，前面要加定冠詞the，故選A。

2.

ThisisthefirsttimeI______hersing,andIhopeitisthelast.A.hearB.hadheardC.heardD.haveheard正確答案：D[解析]考查固定句型。Thisis/wasthefirst(second,third...)timethat...結(jié)構(gòu)，后面的謂語動詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時/過去完成時。句中出現(xiàn)了is，需用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選D。

3.

______Kellylikestosing,hertwinsisterpreferstodance.A.AsB.WhileC.SinceD.Although正確答案：B[解析]考查連詞用法。句意為“凱利喜歡唱歌，______她的雙胞胎妹妹喜歡跳舞”。while在此作連詞，表示對比，意為“然而”。故選B。

4.

Beingadirectrelativeofthedeceased,herclaimtotheestatewas______.A.optionalB.compulsoryC.legitimateD.prominent正確答案：C[解析]考查形容詞辨析。句意為“作為死者的直系親屬，她繼承遺產(chǎn)是______”。optional意為“可選擇的”，compulsory意為“義務(wù)的”，legitimate意為“合法的，正當(dāng)?shù)摹?，prominent意為“突出的，顯著的”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)是“合法的”，故選C。

5.

Thelexicalrelationbetweenclampandmoistis______.A.synonymyB.antonymyC.hyponymyD.homonymy正確答案：A[解析]考查語義學(xué)知識。synonymy意為“同義關(guān)系”，antonymy意為“反義關(guān)系”，hyponymy意為“上下位關(guān)系”，homonymy意為“同音異義”。damp和moist都有“潮濕的”之意，應(yīng)為同義關(guān)系，故選A。

6.

ThemodeofoperationinpassinglawsintheU.S.Congresshasmany______,butthereisnoattemptbeingmadetoimproveit.A.optionsB.solutionsC.advantagesD.drawbacks正確答案：D[解析]考查名詞辨析。句意為“美國議會中制定法律的模式有很多的______，但沒人設(shè)法去改進”。option意為“選擇”，solution意為“解決方案”，advantage意為“優(yōu)勢，特點”，drawback意為“缺點，弊端”。根據(jù)句意此處意在表達“有很多弊端”，故選D。

7.

WhichofthefollowingsetsofEnglishsoundsdiffersonlyinonedistinctivefeature?

A.

B.

C.

D.正確答案：C[解析]考查語音學(xué)知識。選項C中的四個音均為摩擦音，只是前兩個是清音，后兩個是濁音。故選C。

8.

Whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribesthewordstress?A.Origin,Original,OriginalityB.oRigin,oRiginal,originalityC.Origin,original,origiNalityD.origin,original,Originality正確答案：C[解析]考查重音知識。，對比它們的音標(biāo)可知，C項正確，故選C。

9.

Inattemptingtoinvestigatethecomplexnatureofsecondlanguagelearning,wehavetoappealtoideasnotonlyfromlinguisticanalysis,butfromallthefollowingfieldsExcept______.A.educationB.psychologyC.sociologyD.mythology正確答案：D[解析]考查二語習(xí)得知識。education意為“教育學(xué)”，psychology意為“心理學(xué)”，sociology意為“社會學(xué)”，mythology意為“神話學(xué)”?！吧裨拰W(xué)”是指關(guān)于神話故事的科學(xué)研究，與二語習(xí)得無關(guān)，故選D。

10.

Whichofthefollowingisaslipoftongue?A.Blackshoes.B.Blackholes.C.Blackbloxes.D.Blackboxes.正確答案：C[解析]考查語言中的口誤現(xiàn)象。題干句意為“以下哪一個屬于口誤?”A、B、D三項都不是口誤，C項想表達的是黑色的盒子，即blackboxes，屬于口誤，故選C。

11.

Ateacherhandedoutalistoftwenty"if"sentencesandaskedstudentstodiscussandfindoutthegrammaticalrules.Whatistheteacher'sgrammarteachingmethod?A.Deduction.B.Presentation.C.Consolidation.D.Induction.正確答案：D[解析]考查語法教學(xué)方法。歸納法是教師給出一定數(shù)量具有某一語法特征的句子，讓學(xué)生通過觀察、比較，最后找出這一語法特征。A項意為“演繹法”，B項意為“描述法”，C項意為“鞏固法”，D項意為“歸納法”。故選D。

12.

Whenyoufocuson"utterancefunction"and"expectedresponse"byusingexampleslike"apology/acceptance,inform/acknowledge",youareprobablyteachinglanguageatthe______.A.lexicallevelB.discourselevelC.storylevelD.grammaticallevel正確答案：B[解析]考查英語教學(xué)方式。A項意為“詞匯上”，B項意為“語篇上”，C項意為“故事上”，D項意為“語法上”。根據(jù)題干表述可知，通過apology(道歉)/acceptance(接受)，inform(通知)/acknowledge(收到)的例子來集中探討“言語功能”以及“期待反應(yīng)”時，屬于語篇的教學(xué)。故選B。

13.

AskingstudentstoexplainnewwordsinatextwithknownwordsisNOTanactof______.A.elicitationB.reinforcementC.managementD.production正確答案：D[解析]考查詞匯教學(xué)。用已知的詞解釋未知的詞，是一種啟發(fā)式的詞匯教學(xué)法，是對已知詞義的加強和對已有知識的運用，而不是生成。

14.

Whichofthefollowingisanaccuracy-orientedspeakingactivity?A.Identifyingparticularphonemesonthetape.B.Actingouttherolesintheclassroom.C.Greetingpeopleinformallyinpairs.D.Havingdiscussioningroups.正確答案：A[解析]考查口語教學(xué)。A項意為“識別錄音中的特殊語音”，B項意為“在課堂上扮演不同的角色”，C項意為“兩人一組用非正式的方式打招呼”，D項意為“分組討論”。識別錄音中的特殊語音屬于聽力的準(zhǔn)確性，故選A。

15.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTasuitablepre-listeningactivity?A.Writingasimilartext.B.Discussingarelevantpicture.C.Writingquestionsaboutthetopic.D.Learningvocabulariesaboutthetopic.正確答案：A[解析]考查聽力教學(xué)。A項意為“寫一篇相關(guān)的文章”，B項意為“討論相關(guān)的圖片”，C項意為“寫與話題相關(guān)的問題”，D項意為“學(xué)習(xí)與話題相關(guān)的單詞”。聽前活動指的是在聽材料之前讓學(xué)生做好聽音準(zhǔn)備的各種教學(xué)活動。一般有學(xué)習(xí)新單詞、觀看相關(guān)圖片、提出啟發(fā)性問題或介紹相關(guān)背景知識等活動。寫一篇相關(guān)的文章，時間太長，不屬于聽前準(zhǔn)備活動。故選A。

16.

Writingexercisessuchascompletion,reproduction,compression,andtranslationaremainlythetypeofexercisesusedin______.A.imitativewritingB.guidedwritingC.freewritingD.creativewriting正確答案：A[解析]考查寫作教學(xué)。寫作練習(xí)，例如完形，復(fù)制，壓縮，轉(zhuǎn)換，這些主要都是模仿式寫作的練習(xí)步驟。故選A。

17.

Student:I'mverydown.Mydadgetseriouslyilllastweek,andI'm...

Teacher:No.Notget.Saygotbecauseit'sinthepast.

Theconversationaboveshowsthattheteacher______.A.focusesonaccuracyonlyB.lackedconfidenceinthestudentC.hadagoodrapportwiththestudentD.failedtounderstandwhatthestudentsaid正確答案：A[解析]考查課堂糾錯方式。根據(jù)題干表述可知，該教師只強調(diào)了表述的準(zhǔn)確性，而沒有對學(xué)生提供的其他信息做出應(yīng)有的回應(yīng)。故選A。

18.

Ifateachergetsanincorrectanswerfromstudents,itismostappropriateforhimorhertosay"______"inordertoencouragethem.A.No.Idon'tlikeyouranswers.B.Nonsense,itisnotwhatIwant!C.Youranswerisfarbeyondthepoint.D.Youmissedthepoint,butI'mgladyoumentionedanotherpoint.正確答案：D[解析]考查課堂糾錯方式。D項意為“雖然你沒有答出要點，但是我很高興聽到其他的觀點”，符合文意，故選D。

19.

Whenastudentsaidinclass,"Igoedthereyesterday."theteacherresponded,"Sayitagain,please."Theresponseisanexampleof______.A.recastB.modificationC.positivefeedbackD.postponedfeedback正確答案：B[解析]考查教學(xué)反饋。recast意為“重述”，modification意為“修正，修改”，positivefeedback意為“積極反饋”，postponedfeedback意為“延時反饋”。教師讓學(xué)生把錯誤的句子重說一遍，是希望他進行修改。故選B。

20.

Whenstudentsengageingroupwork,theteachermovesaroundtoprovidehelpifnecessaryandmakesuretheyaredoingthetaskproperly.Thisiscalled______.A.instructingB.observingC.monitoringD.evaluating正確答案：A[解析]考查課堂活動中教師的角色。A項意為“引導(dǎo)”，B項意為“觀察”，C項意為“監(jiān)督”，D項意為“評價”。學(xué)生在參與小組活動時，教師在四周走動，必要時可以提供幫助，以確保學(xué)生們正確地完成任務(wù)，這種方式是“引導(dǎo)”。故選A。

Coastsmarktheareawheredrylandmeetsoceansorotherlargebodiesofwater.TheyareoneofthemostactiveenvironmentsfoundonEarth.Thecoastallandscapeisever-changing.Itreflectstheconflictingprocessesoferosionanddeposition.ItisalandscapethatisaffectedbytheinteractionsoftheEarth,theMoon,andtheSun.

Coastsareamongthemostbeautifulandinspiringlandscapesontheplanet,whethertheyarescenesoftorrentialstormsorserenecalm.Throughoutrecordedhistory,humanshavesoughttoliveonornearcoasts.Althoughcoastsaccountforonly10percentofEarth'slandsurface,theyserveashometotwothirdsoftheworld'shumanpopulation.

Coastsandshore,coastlineandshoreline,arecommonlyusedinplaceofeachother.Technically,theyaredifferentareasalongacoastallandscape.Thelinethatmarkstheboundarybetweenwaterandlandistheshoreline.Itconstantlyfluctuatesbecauseoftheregularactionofwavesandtides.Theshoreisthatstripofgroundborderingabodyofwaterthatisalternatelycoveredorexposedbywavesortides.Theboundariesoftheshorearemarkedbytheshorelineatitsfarthestseaward(lowtide)andfarthestlandward(hightide).

TideistheperiodicrisingandfallingofwaterinoceansandotherlargebodiesofwaterinresponsetothegravitationalattractionoftheMoonandtheSunuponEarth.AlthoughtheSunislargerthantheMoon,theMoonisclosertoEarthand,therefore,itsgravitationalforceisapproximately2.2timesgreater.ThegravitationalpulloftheMooncreatestwotypesoftides:highandlow.AtidalbulgeoccursintheoceansonthesideofEarthnearesttheMoon,atthesametime,asecondtidalbulgeoccursontheoppositesideofEarth.ThissecondbulgeformsbecausetheforceoftheMoon'sgravitypullsthesolidbodyofEarthslightlyawayfromthewateronEarth'sfarside.Thesebuglesarehightides.Theareasbetweenthetidalbulgesexperiencelowtide.

AsEarthrotates,thetidesmoveoveritssurface.Ittakesapproximately24hoursand50minutesforagivenpointonEarthtomakeacompletecyclerelativetotheMoon,andtwolunartidalcyclesoccurduringthistime.Thus,theaveragetimebetweenhightidesis12hoursand25minutes.Thisisageneralizedexplanationoftides.TheydonotmoveevenlyandpredictablyoverEarth'ssurface.Variationsinthedepthoftheoceansandthedistributionoflandmassescombinewithotherfactorstoproducehighlycomplextidalbehavior.

Thecoastandcoastlinebeginwheretheshoreendsatitshightidemark(farthestlandward).Thelinebetweenthecoastandtheshoreathightideisthecoastline.Thecoastextendslandwardfromthecoastlinetothefirstmajorchangeinterrainfeatures,whichmaybemilesinland.Thiscouldbeahighlandoraforestorsomeothertypeofterrain.Sometimes,thechangebetweenthecoastandtheadjacentterrainisnotsodistinct.21.

AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutcoastallandscapeEXCEPT______.A.itisanareaofstagnancyB.itisanareaofcontinuouschangeC.itisanareaoferosionanddepositionD.itisanareashapedbytheinteractionoftheEarth,theMoon,andtheSun正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文章第一段最后三句話可以判斷它是一個持續(xù)變化、被腐蝕和沉積、同時受地球、月亮和太陽之間互相影響的地方。選項A表達的意思是海岸景觀是停止不動的，與文中表達意思矛盾，所以A項不正確。

22.

Howmanypeopleliveonornearcoasts?A.About10percentofhumanpopulation.B.About25percentofhumanpopulation.C.About67percentofhumanpopulation.D.About75percentofhumanpopulation.正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句中的twothirds判斷，大約67%的人住在沿海地區(qū)或臨近海的地區(qū)。

23.

Theunderlinedword"fluctuate"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.forecastB.alterC.stableD.strike正確答案：B[解析]該詞所在句子表達的意思為“它受海浪和潮汐作用而經(jīng)常______”。forecast意為“預(yù)報，預(yù)測”，alter意為“改變，更改”，stable意為“使穩(wěn)定，使牢固”，strike意為“打，撞擊”。其中最能使句子表述合理的是B項。

24.

ThegravitationalforceoftheSunandtheMoonuponEarthdependson______.A.theirsizeB.theirweightC.theirdistancetoEarthD.thedepthoftheoceans正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文章第四段中的第二句“AlthoughtheSunislargerthantheMoon.TheMoonisclosertoEarthand,therefore,itsgravitationalforceisapproximately2.2timesgreater.”判斷可知，地球?qū)μ柡驮虑虻囊Υ笮∈怯伤鼈兣c地球之間的距離決定的。

25.

Onelunartidalcyclelasts______.A.24hoursand50minutesB.12hoursand25minutesC.amonthD.halfamonth正確答案：B[解析]根據(jù)文章第五段的第二句“Ittakesapproximately24hoursand50minutes...andtwolunartidalcyclesoccurduringthistime.”判斷可知，一次月潮持續(xù)12小時25分鐘。

Respectisnotincludedinthemarriagevows.Noillustratedbooksshowhowtoachieveit.Andyetitiscentraltoalasting,satisfyingmarriage.

Whatisthisthingcalledrespect?Itisnotthesameasadmiration."Whenyoufallinlove,youadmiretheother."saysDr.AlexanderSymonds,associateclinicalprofessorofpsychiatryattheNewYorkUniversitySchoolofMedicine,"Youlookuptosomeone—muchthewayachildidealizesaparent".

Suchromanticadmirationthrivesandevendependsontheillusionthatheorsheis"perfectforyou."That'swhyitdoesn'tlast.Youcometoseethatthepersonyoumarriedisn'texactlywhatyouexpected,"saysFrancineGaborone,"Therearedifferencesofpersonality,ofapproachestolife,differentwaysofdoingthings".

Youcantrytochangeyourmatebackintoyourfantasy.Butforthemarriagetolastandgrowit'sbettertoagreetodisagree,tolearntoleteachotherbe.Onlybytakingthispathcanyoubegintodeveloprealrespecttowardeachother.

"Ihaveonepatientwhosehusbandlovessports,especiallytennis,"saysDr.Symonds."Shewouldprefertogotothetheatre,ortostayathomeandread.Shecouldsimplysay,'Wehavedifferenttastes.'Instead,shesays,'Howcanhewastehistimeandmoneythatway?'Sheputshimdown."

Theput-downisthechiefsymptom—andweapon—oflackofrespect,orcontempt."Contemptistheworstkindofemotion."saysSymonds."Youfeeltheotherpersonhasnoworth."

We'veallseenmarriagesinwhichoneorbothpartnersattacktheotherquitesavagelyintheguiseof"It'sforyourowngood."Any"good"isundonebythehostiletone.Awifenagsherhusbandtobemoreambitiousandmakeshimfeellikeafailurebecausehepreferscraftsmanshiporcommunityprojectstothecompetitivebusinessworld.Orahusbandaccuseshiswifeofwastingtimewhenevershegetstogetherwithafriend:"Whyisn'tshedoingsomethingproductive?"

Ingoodmarriagepartnersnurtureeachother'sself-esteem.Theymayexperiencehumorousincomprehensionofoneanother'spreferences,buttheynevermaketheirlovedpersonfeellikeanidiot."Marty'sideaofavacationistogodowntobasementonasunnydayandspendtimewood-working,"saysDr.AlexanderSymondsofherhusband,psychiatristandsurgeonMartinSymonds.

Butthere'sfondnessinthegibesandfirmsupportfortheother'srighttobehimself.Respectisexpressedinwordslike,"Sure,I'llcomewithyou.Justdon'tbemadifIfallasleep."

That'stheparadoxofagoodmarriage:onlybyrespectingeachotherasyouaredoyouopenthedoortochange.Therootmeaningofthewordrespectis"tolookat".Respectisaclearyetlovingeye.Itseeswhatisthere,butitalsoseeswhatispotentiallythereandhelpsbringittofruition.Respectistheartoflovebywhichmarriedcoupleshonorwhatisuniqueandbestineachother.26.

Accordingtotheauthor,respect______.A.meansacceptingeachother'sfaultsB.meansvaluingeachother'sdifferencesC.shouldbeincludedinthemarriagevowsD.isasimportanttoasatisfyingmarriageasadmiration正確答案：B[解析]由文章第四段內(nèi)容可知，尊重意味著接受和珍惜兩個人各自的特點及不同，故選B。

27.

Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisthemostharmfultoamarriage?A.Admirationofyourpartner.B.Idealizationofyourpartner.C.Contemptofyourpartner.D.Disillusionofyourpartner.正確答案：C[解析]根據(jù)文章第六段第二句“Contemptistheworstkindofemotion”可知，輕視伴侶對婚姻是最有害的。

28.

Theunderlinedphrase"agreetodisagree"inParagraph4meansthat______.A.oneshouldrealizethatnotwopeoplearethesameB.oneshouldbekeentofindouthisorherpartner'smeritsC.oneshouldfacetherealitythathisorherpartnerisnotaperfectpersonD.oneshouldrealizethatheorsheshouldappreciatedifferencesonthepartofhisorherpartner正確答案：C[解析]畫線部分意為“同意(彼此的)不同點”，即他/她應(yīng)面對他/她的伴侶并非一個完美的人的事實，故選C。

29.

Thepassagesuggeststhatifyourespectyourpartner,youwill______.A.helphimorhertoimproveB.changeyourselftotoleratehimorherC.changehimorherintowhatyouexpectD.showyourincomprehensionofhishobbiesinahumorousway正確答案：D[解析]根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段第一、二句“Ingoodmarriage...self-esteem.Theymayexperiencehumorousincomprehensionofoneanother'spreferences...”可知，文章建議如果你尊重你的伴侶，你可以用幽默的方式化解對伴侶愛好的不理解。

30.

Theunderlinedword"undone"inParagraph7suggeststhat______.A.whatyousaidreversedwhatyoumeantB.whatyousaidwasnotwhatyoumeantC.whatyousaidmeantnothingtoyourpartnerD.whatyousaidfailedtotouchtheheartofyourpartner正確答案：A[解析]根據(jù)文意，畫線部分在原句中意為“用充滿敵意的語氣說話，任何‘好的事情’都會被毀滅、誤解”，即說的話和想表達的本意相反。故選A。

二、簡答題

根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。1.

“MyfriendspeaksverywellEnglish.”是某學(xué)生的語誤。簡述這句話所要表達的意圖，指出該語誤可能存在的兩個問題，并寫出至少兩種正確的表達方式。正確答案：(1)這句話所要表達的意思為“我的朋友英語講得非常好”。

(2)該語誤可能存在的兩個問題：

一是認(rèn)為副詞修飾動詞時，應(yīng)緊跟動詞；

二是受到漢語思維的影響，認(rèn)為修飾語應(yīng)放在中心語的前面。

(3)正確的表達方式：

MyfriendspeaksEnglishverywell.

Myfriend'soralEnglishisgood.

三、教學(xué)情境分析題

根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。下面是某教師在語音教學(xué)中使用的練習(xí)：

任務(wù)要求：根據(jù)該教師設(shè)計的練習(xí)回答下列問題。1.

分析其教學(xué)目標(biāo)。正確答案：教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

知識目標(biāo)

①掌握同音詞的正確發(fā)音：ship，sheep；slip，sleep；live，leave；

②掌握現(xiàn)在進行時的結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞+v-ing。

能力目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能將所學(xué)單詞與語法運用于日常交往中。

情感態(tài)度目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠養(yǎng)成樂于與他人交談的習(xí)慣。

2.

分析其設(shè)計思路。正確答案：設(shè)計思路：

該教師設(shè)計的語音教學(xué)練習(xí)重點放在了聽力理解和語法規(guī)則上，采用聽錄音的方式，教會學(xué)生正確掌握目標(biāo)單詞的發(fā)音；采用現(xiàn)在完成時的例句形式，教會學(xué)生用現(xiàn)在進行時表達生活中的場景和情感。該教師考慮到了英語語音中國音的這一現(xiàn)象，并通過例句進行語音教學(xué)，可以進一步提高學(xué)生對英語的學(xué)習(xí)熱情，增強英語學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。例句引用的都是現(xiàn)在進行時的句子，能夠強化和鞏固學(xué)生已學(xué)過的時態(tài)知識，但是這種形式比較單一，教師可以組織學(xué)生討論已學(xué)過的同音詞，另外還可以考慮從多個角度設(shè)計練習(xí)。

四、教學(xué)設(shè)計題

根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。1.

設(shè)計任務(wù)：根據(jù)下列學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計一節(jié)英語聽說課的教學(xué)方案。該方案應(yīng)突出以下要點：

●teachingobjectives

●teachingcontents

●keyanddifficultpoints

●majorstepsandtimeallocation

●activitiesandjustifications

教學(xué)時間：45分鐘

學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)八年級(初中二年級)學(xué)生，班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》三級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。

語言素材：

正確答案：[參考設(shè)計]

TeachingContents:Thislisteningandspeakingclassisaboutaskingandintroducingtravelexperiences.

TeachingObjectives:

(1)Knowledgeobjective

Studentswillbeabletograspthenewwords,masterthesentencepattern"Haveyoueverbeento...?/Ihaveneverbeento..."anduseittointroducetheirtravelexperience.

(2)Abilityobjective

Studentscandeveloptheirabilityofindependentthinkingandcooperationthroughindividualwork,pairworkandgroupwork.

(3)Emotionalobjective

Studentscanenhancem