高中英語課件UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE Section B　Learning About Language

SectionBLearningAboutLanguage必備知識基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單句填空1.Themanagerhasarrangedforus(have)ameetingintheafternoon.

2.ThebeautyofVeniceconsistslargelythestyleofitsancientbuildings.

3.Hecouldhearherdog(bark)andwhininginthedistanceatthemoment.

4.Afterhisgraduationfromcollege,he(assign)toworkattheforeignministry.

5.(unfortunate),herworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940s.

6.Weareverymuchinterestedinyourproducts(advertise)onChina’sForeignTrade.

7.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldapprovemy(apply)andinformmeoftheinterview.

8.Thelittleboyisdirtyfromheadtofootbecausehe(play)inthemudallthemorning.

Ⅱ.短語填空(be)enthusiasticabout,underhisguidance,(be)proudof,inalldirections,tryourbest,workasateam,eventhough,inarudemanner1.Themorningsunrisesintheeast,sheddingitsrays.

2.Iwasverythelecture,buthisremarkonitmademedisappointed.

3.MrJohnsonwasgratefulforandhisson’sremarkableperformance.

4.Wedecidedtotosolvetheproblem,howeverdifficultitwas.

5.,theworkersfinallymanagedtosolvetheproblemaheadofschedule.

6.Organizedgamescanteachushowtoandgetalongwithothers.

7.Allofuswereshockedtoheartheboytalking.

8.Youhavetolearntotakedownthekeypointsyoudon’ttakethemin.

Ⅲ.句式升級1.Whatevertheresultis,weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.(升級為nomatter...引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句),weshouldacceptitwithasmile,becausewehavetriedourbest.

2.Theyspentseveralhoursmakingtheoldmanconvincedofthesafetyoftravellingbyair.(升級為it作形式主語的句子)theoldmanconvincedofthesafetyoftravellingbyair.

3.Afterhegraduatedfromcollege,DrYuandevotedhimselftotheagriculturalstudyonceandforall.(升級為介詞短語),DrYuandevotedhimselftotheagriculturalstudyonceandforall.

4.Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevisionifitwasstillunderguarantee.(升級為aslongas引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句)Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevision.

5.Althoughtheywerelivingindifferentera,theysharesomecommoncharacteristics.(升級為省略句),theysharesomecommoncharacteristics.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.你的衣服滿是灰塵,我想你一直在打掃教室吧。Yourclothesarecoveredwithdust.You,Ithink.

2.你看起來又瘦又累,你近來工作太辛苦了。Youlookthinandtired.Youtoohardrecently.

3.這個女孩弄丟了她的鑰匙,她到處找都找不到。Thegirl.Shecan’tfindthemanywhere.

4.這個月我一直在參觀中國的一些城市。IsomecitiesofChinathismonth.

5.這本書我已讀了兩個小時了,但我還沒讀完。Ifortwohours,butIhaven’tfinishedit.

能力素養(yǎng)提升練Ⅴ.閱讀理解Aperfectlypreservedwreck(沉船)thathaslainunnoticedintheicyBalticSeaforover500yearshasfinallybeenconfirmed.TheEuropeanshipwasfirstobservedin2009,whenasonar(聲吶)explorationbytheSwedishMaritimeAdministration(SMA)indicatedalargeobjectinthearea.However,itwasnotuntilearly2019thatresearchersfromSotonandMMTfoundevidenceofthesunkenshipusingunderwaterroboticcameras.Whentheteamobservedthepicturesofthe60-foot-longshipwreck,theyweresurprisedtodiscoveritwas99percentcomplete.Thescientistsconsideredthatthewreck’sgoodconditionisduetoitsplaceintheBalticSeabed,wheretheoxygenlevelsarelow.Oxygeniskeytomostoceanlife’ssurvival.Therefore,suchanenvironmentwheretheshipwreckstaysreducesorcompletelyremovesthecreaturesthatfeedonrottingwood.SoalthoughthisshipiscontemporarytothetimesofChristopherColumbus,itshowsaremarkablelevelofpreservationafter500yearsatthebottomofthesea.Dr.Pacheco-Ruiz,wholedtheMMTeffort,said,“It’salmostlikeitsankyesterday.It’satrulyastonishingsight.”Thescientistsareunsurewhatlettheshipsink.However,theship’sguns,whichareintheir“readytofire”positions,indicateitmayhavebeenthevictimofanavalbattle.Sincetheshipdatesbacktotheearly16thcentury,historianspredictitmayhavesunkduringSweden’sthreeyearindependencewarwithitsDanishrulersbetween1521and1523.Alternatively,itcouldalsohavebeeninvolvedintheborderdispute(爭端)betweenRussiaandSwedenfrom1554to1557.Theshipisbyfarthebest-preservedshipwreckeverfoundfromtheAgeofExploration,whenEuropeansexploredtheworldbysea.What’smoreexcitingisthattheshipissimilartothePintaandLaNina,whichColumbusfamouslysailedtowardNorthAmerica.Thescientists,whocontinuetoobservetheshipwreckhopetheboat’sdesignwillexposesomeofthetechnologiesavailabletotheItalianexplorerduringhis1492voyageofdiscovery.1.WhatscientificachievementdidSoton’sandMMT’sresearchersmake?A.Discoveringawreckusingsonar.B.Gettingthewreckoutoficywater.C.IdentifyingtheobjectfoundbySMA.D.Makingtheancientwreckwellpreserved.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheplaceofthesunkenship?A.Itisgenerallyunfitforcreaturestolivein.B.Itistoughforscientiststodoresearch.C.Itcontainstoomanyharmfulgases.D.Itisfilledwithrottingwood.3.WhatdidDr.Pacheco-Ruiz’swordsreflect?A.Hiscuriosityaboutthetimewhentheshipsank.B.Hisamazementattheship’spreviousgrandness.C.Hissurpriseatthewreck’swell-preservedcondition.D.HisshockatthesinkingofthegreatEuropeanship.4.What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thedamagetotheship.B.Thecausesoftheship’ssinking.C.Theconstructionoftheship.D.Thepossiblefunctionoftheship.Ⅵ.完形填空(2021·山東威海高二期末)HunterLeininger,fromGeorgia,USAhasbeenadventureracing(探險速度賽)sincehewassevenyearsold.Now,atage19,hehassetworldrecords,traveledaroundtheglobe,and1over50races!Andheisnowonamissionto2otheryoungpeopletofollowtheirown3.

Hunterbecameinterestedinadventureracingthroughhisdad.Whileplayingfootball,Hunterwaslookingto4somethingnew.Heaskedhisdadifhecould5himinanadventurerace,andhewentontocompletehisfirstraceinabout6hours.

Hehaslearnedalotofperseverancethroughadventureracing.Therecanbealotof6inarace,butifyoudropout,yourwholeteamwillhaveto7.Thisisunlikeotherteamsports,whereyoucanstopandbe8byanotherplayer.Inracing,andinhislife,thesporthas9Huntertokeepgoingwhentimesget10.

AsreportedbytheUSARA,Hunterwantstoinspireyoungpeoplethattheycan11incrediblethingsatwhatever12andthattheydon’thaveto13untiltheygetolder.14peopleputofftheirdreamsatayoungage,theytendtonevercomebacktothem,which15themneveraccomplishinganything.Thebesttimetodosomethingisnow,sogoafteryourdreamsbeforeit’stoolate!

1.A.missed B.reportedC.organized D.completed2.A.inspire B.inviteC.advise D.order3.A.interests B.dreamsC.paths D.rhythms4.A.try B.discoverC.create D.share5.A.help B.meetC.accompany D.join6.A.fun B.harmC.pain D.cooperation7.A.restart B.stopC.change D.struggle8.A.replaced B.supportedC.encouraged D.caught9.A.required B.forcedC.attracted D.taught10.A.better B.tougherC.special D.strange11.A.accept B.imagineC.choose D.achieve12.A.age B.levelC.degree D.status13.A.wait B.practiceC.perform D.compete14.A.Unless B.AlthoughC.Once D.Because15.A.avoids B.preventsC.resultsin D.objectstoⅦ.語法填空(2021·山東菏澤高二期末)Researchersbelievetheyhavefounda1.(previous)unknownkindofwhaleinwatersoffMexico’swesterncoast.Ifothersconfirmthefinding,thenewwhalewouldbeanimportant2.(discover)amonggiantanimals.

Theteamofresearcherscameuponthreeunusualwhaleswhile3.(follow)araregroupofbeakedwhales(突吻鯨)onNov.17.ThewhaleswerenearMexico’sdistantSanBenitoIslands,4.isabout500kmsouthoftheU.S.border.Beakedwhalesusuallyavoidcontactwithhumans.Theseanimalssuddenlyappearednearthesurfacerightnexttotheboat.It’sveryraretoseeabeakedwhale,andtofindafriendlygroupofbeakedwhales.It’seven5.(rare).

Researchersdidnotrealizetheywereseeingapossiblenewkindofwhaleuntillater.Thegroup,6.(lead)bythenon-profitSenShepherdConservationSociety,sawsomethingdifferentaboutthewhales’7.(tooth)whentheystudiedphotostheytookoftheanimals.Theunderwaterrecordingsofthewholes’callsalsosuggestedthattheyweredifferent8.allothers.

Theresearchersarenowwaitingfortestresultsonwaterthey9.(collect)nearthewhales.Therecouldbeskincellsinthewaterfromthewhales.Ifso,theywillexaminetheDNAtoconfirm10.thewhalesareanewspecies.

答案：Ⅰ.1.tohave2.in3.barking4.wasassigned5.Unfortunately6.advertised7.application8.hasbeenplayingⅡ.1.inalldirections2.enthusiasticudof4.tryourbest5.Underhisguidance6.workasateam7.inarudemanner8.eventhoughⅢ.1.Nomatterwhattheresultis2.Ittookusseveralhourstomake3.Aftergraduatingfromcollege4.aslongasitwasstillunderguarantee5.AlthoughlivingindifferenteraⅣ.1.havebeencleaningtheclassroom2.havebeenworking3.haslostherkeys4.havebeenvisiting5.havebeenreadingthisbookⅤ.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。一艘保存完好的沉船在冰冷的波羅的海沉睡了500多年,如今它終于得到了證實。文章介紹了這艘沉船保存完好的原因和沉沒的原因,以及研究者的更多發(fā)現(xiàn)。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,itwasnotuntilearly2019thatresearchersfromSotonandMMTfoundevidenceofthesunkenshipusingunderwaterroboticcameras.”可知,Soton和MMT的研究人員的成就是識別出了瑞典海事管理局發(fā)現(xiàn)的物體。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thescientistsconsideredthatthewreck’sgoodconditionisduetoitsplaceintheBalticSeabed,wheretheoxygenlevelsarelow.Oxygeniskeytomostoceanlife’ssurvival.”可知,科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為,沉船狀況良好是因為它位于波羅的海海底,那里的氧氣含量很低。氧氣是大多數(shù)海洋生物生存的關(guān)鍵。由此推測,沉船的地點氧氣含量很低,不適合生物居住。3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Dr.Pacheco-Ruiz,wholedtheMMTeffort,said,‘It’salmostlikeitsankyesterday.It’satrulyastonishingsight.’”可知,帕切科—魯伊斯博士的話反映了他對殘骸保存完好的驚訝。4.B段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thescientistsareunsurewhatlettheshipsink.However,theship’sguns,whichareintheir‘readytofire’positions,indicateitmayhavebeenthevictimofanavalbattle.”可知,科學(xué)家們不確定是什么讓這艘船沉沒的。然而,艦炮處于“隨時準(zhǔn)備開火”的位置,表明它可能是海戰(zhàn)的受害者。由此可知,第四段講述的是船沉沒的原因。Ⅵ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。美國佐治亞州現(xiàn)19歲的亨特·萊寧格已經(jīng)創(chuàng)造了世界紀(jì)錄,環(huán)游世界,完成了50多場比賽。1.D根據(jù)“hehassetworldrecords,traveledaroundtheglobe”可知,他完成了(completed)50多場比賽。2.A根據(jù)下文“toinspireyoungpeoplethattheycan...”可知,他現(xiàn)在的使命是激勵(inspire)其他年輕人追隨自己的夢想。inspiresbtodosth“激勵某人做某事”。3.B根據(jù)下文“Hunterbecameinterestedinadventureracingthroughhisdad.”可知,這是他的夢想,所以此處是激勵其他年輕人追隨自己的夢想(dreams)。4.A根據(jù)“somethingnew”可知,亨特想嘗試(try)一些新事物。5.D根據(jù)“inanadventurerace”和“completehisfirstrace”可知,他問他的爸爸是否可以和他一起參加(join)冒險比賽。6.C根據(jù)“butifyoudropout”中的轉(zhuǎn)折含義可知,比賽中可能會有很多痛苦(pain)。7.B根據(jù)下文“This