2024年成人學(xué)位英語復(fù)習(xí)資料

一、時態(tài)和語態(tài)1.怎樣解答時態(tài)問題例1You’vealreadymissedtoomanyclassesthisterm.You______justlastweek.A.missedB.wouldmissC.hadmissedD.havemissed例2AnneaskedTom______thekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft考試重點(diǎn)2.與完畢時有關(guān)的時態(tài)★目前完畢時(havedone)since,for/inthepastfewmonths,uptonow例1Collectingtoycarsasahobbybecomesincreasinglypopularduringthepastfiftyyears.ABCD例2English______inanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears.A.hasbeentaughtB.wasbeingtaughtC.hasbeentaughtD.hadbeentaught.★過去完畢時(haddone)例3AnneaskedTom______thekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft例4Thechemistryclass_____forfiveminuteswhenwehurriedthere.A.hadbeenonB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.wouldbegan★未來完畢時(willhavedone)by例5We’relateIexpectthefilm_____bythetimewegettothecinema.A.hadalreadystartedB.havealreadyC.willalreadyhavestartedD.havealreadybeenstarted.★目前完畢進(jìn)行時(havebeendoing)例6Itseemsoil___________fromthispipeforsometime.We'llhavetotakethemachineaparttoputitright.A.hadleakedB.isleakingC.leakedD.hasbeenleaking★過去完畢進(jìn)行時(hadbeendoing)★未來完畢進(jìn)行時(willhavebeendoing)例7Bythetimeyouarrivethisevening,_______fortwohours.A.IwillstudyB.IwillhavebeenstudiedC.IhadstudiedD.Iwillhavebeenstudying.3.在時間和條件狀語從句中不用未來時態(tài)▲用一般目前時替代一般未來時例1Whenthemixture_____,itwillgiveoffapowerfulforce.A.willheatB.willbeheatedC.isheatedD.hasheated例2pleasebesuretotelephonemethenexttimeyou______.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.shallcomeD.come▲用目前完畢時替代未來完畢時例3Smithistostudymedicineassoonashe_______militaryservice.A.willfinishB.hasfinishedC.finishD.wouldfinish注意例4Noonecanbesureifthecarondisplayfitshimorheruntilheorshe______them.A.triesB.willtryC.aretryingD.havetried4.考試小竅門◆考試中假如碰到與完畢時態(tài)有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)要重點(diǎn)加以研讀一般說來是對的答案。二、情態(tài)動詞1.幾種情態(tài)動詞的否認(rèn)式的含義can’tmaynotmustn’tneed’t2.表達(dá)推測的幾種情態(tài)動詞使用方法★must表達(dá)肯定的推測意思是“一定”+do對目前狀況的推測must+havedone對過去狀況的推測例1I________asleepinthecorner,forIremembernothingofwhathappenedduringthenightA.mightfallB.mustfallC.musthavefallenD.canhavefallen★can’t/could’t表達(dá)否認(rèn)的推測意思是“不也許”+do對目前狀況的推測can’t/couldn’t+havedone對過去狀況的推測★may/mightnot表達(dá)也許性很小的推測意思是“也許?”+do對目前狀況的推測may/might+havedone對過去狀況的推測3.情態(tài)動詞的完畢時虛擬語氣的使用方法needn’thavedoneshouldhavedoneshouldnothavedoneoughttohavedonecouldhavedone4.考試小竅門在碰到情態(tài)動詞加完畢時和情態(tài)動詞加原形同步出現(xiàn)的狀況下一般說來情態(tài)動詞加完畢時是對的答案?！罬ustdo√Musthavedone三、虛擬語氣考試重點(diǎn)1.條件句中的虛擬語氣例IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifI______him.A.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.wouldknow例Ifabettermaterial______,thestrengthofthepartwouldhavebeenincreased.A.hadbeenusedB.hadbeenusingC.beingusedD.using條件句中的虛擬語氣需要注意如下三點(diǎn)假如條件句中有were,had,should時可以把if省略然後把這三個單詞提前形成倒裝。例3_____theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.A.IfhetookB.ifheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken含蓄條件句中虛擬語氣的應(yīng)用三級考試中常常出現(xiàn)的三個句型Butfor/without?????,otherwise/or???,but/though?.例Butforyourhelp,I_____theworkintime.A.didnotfinishB.couldnotfinishA.willnotfinishD.wouldnothavefinished例Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe例Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwisehe_____tothemeeting.A.wouldhavecomeB.wouldcomeC.couldcomeD.hadcome例Wewouldhavemadealotofmoney,butwehalfwayA.gaveupB.hadgivenupgiveupD.weretogiveup錯綜時間條件句例IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.2.(should)+動詞原形在某些從句中的應(yīng)用(1)當(dāng)賓語從句從的謂語是suggest,request,insist,desire,demand,propose,order,command,arrange等動詞時,如:例Isuggestedthatweshouldgothereonfoot.注意:當(dāng)insist表達(dá)堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為之意時,不用虛擬語氣,用陳說語氣.如:例Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney(2)Itisordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/等後的主語從句中例Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadytonight(3)advice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等名詞之後的表語從句和同位語從句中.如:例Mysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingthisevening3.wish後的賓與從句中應(yīng)當(dāng)用虛擬語氣4.ifonly引導(dǎo)的感慨句中5.asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中6.wouldrather後的句子的虛擬語氣謂語動詞用過去式7.itis(high)timethat?.句型中,從句的謂語動詞用過去式四、非謂語動詞1.不定式不定式的邏輯主語例Theroadiswildenoughforcarstopassby.例Itisimportantforyoutoworkhard.例Itiskindofyoutohelpme.不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)例Themagnificentmuseumissaid_____aboutahundredyearsago.A.tobebuiltB.tohavebeenbuiltC.tohavebuiltD.tohavebeingbuilt使用不帶to的不定式1)whynotdo表達(dá)委婉的提議例Whynot_____ProfessorLiforhelpHeiskind-heartedandwillingtohelp.A.askB.youaskC.toaskD.yourasking2)使役動詞have,make,let的背面接不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時用省to的不定式。例Theteacherhasthestudents_____acompositioneveryotherweek.A.towriteB.writtenC.writingD.write例Whilehewasclimbingthehighmountain,hehadhisleg_____A.brokeB.breakC.brokenD.breaking例Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself_____A.hearingB.beingtoldC.tohearD.heard3)表達(dá)生理感覺的動詞如see,watch,notice,observe,hear背面接不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時用省to的不定式。例Withtearsonherface,theoldladywatchedthelittleboy_____toahospital.A.sendB.tobesentC.beingsentD.sending4)dosomethingbut/exceptdo例Thereisnothingwecando_____wait.A.butB.ratherthanC.inspiteofC.besides.5)記住下列不帶to的短語can’tbutcan’thelpbuthadbetter2.動名詞1.有些動詞背面既可以接動名詞又可以接不定式但意思有差異rememberforgetregretstopgoonmean2.背面跟動名詞的固定句式havetrouble/problems/difficultdoingsomethingfeellikespend/waste?doingsomethingcan’thelpneed/deserve/wantbeworthwhatabout/howabout3.分詞分詞作表語獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造例1Duringthediscussion,MrBoydremainedsilentwhenaskinghisopinion.ABCD例2Yourexperimentreportsmustbecheckedwithcarebefore_______A.handedtheminB.themhandinginC.beinghandedinD.handingthemin例_______intheairfuelsgiveoffheat.A.TburnB.BurnedC.TbeburnedD.Beingburned五、狀語從句趙文通考試重點(diǎn)1時間狀語從句★while/when/as/until★一?就?nosooner?than/hardly?when/scarcely?when★themomenttheminutetheinstant★固定句型Itis/hasbeen?.since?1.原因狀語從句nowthatinthat2.條件狀語從句unlessaslongasprovidedthat3.讓步狀語從句asthoughalthoughevenifeventhoughwhilewhatever六、平行構(gòu)造and,or,butPrefer引出的平行構(gòu)造PrefersomethingtosomethingPreferdoingsomethingtodoingsomethingPrefertodosomethingratherthandosomethingPrefer的特殊使用方法Prefersomebodytodosomething:IpreferyoutospeakEnglishintheclass.1、anumberof,thenumberofanumberof+可數(shù)名詞謂語用復(fù)數(shù)意為許多大量的??thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞謂語用單數(shù)意為??的數(shù)目2、able,capable,competentable為常用詞指具有做某事所需的力量技巧知識與時間等搭配是beabletodo。如Acatisabletoseeinthedark.貓?jiān)诤诎抵心芸匆姈|西。capable指滿足一般規(guī)定的能力搭配是becapableof+doing。competent指“勝任”“合格”或受過專業(yè)技術(shù)等訓(xùn)練的但不是超群的能力。如Adoctorshouldbecompetenttotreatmanydiseases.醫(yī)生應(yīng)當(dāng)能治多種病。3、aboveallafterallatall;inallaboveall意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”常位于句首或句中作插入語起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如ButabovealltellmequicklywhatIhavetodo可首先快些告訴我該做什么。afterall意為“畢竟”、“究竟”、“終歸”、“究竟”在句中位置較靈活?？晌挥诰涫?、句中或句末。如Afterallyourbirthdayisonlytwoweeksaway畢竟兩周後就是你的生曰。Heisafterallasmallchild他畢竟還是個小孩子。Hefailedafterall他終于失敗了。atall用于否認(rèn)句時意為“絲毫主線”用于疑問句時意為“究竟究竟”用于條件句時常譯為“當(dāng)真實(shí)在”。用于肯定句中表達(dá)說話人的某種情緒或情感如懷疑或驚奇等意為“居然”等。如Hedoesn’tlikeyouatall他主線不喜歡你。Areyougoingtodoitatall你究竟做不做這件事Ifyoudoitatalldoitwell若你真要做這件事就得做好。Iwassurprisedathiscomingatall他居然來了我很驚訝。inall意為“總共”既可放在句首也可放在句末。如Thereare25,000Inuitinall(Inall,thereare25,000Inuit)這兒共有25,000因努伊特人。4、aboard,abroad,board,broadaboard在船或飛機(jī)車上。如Ineverwentaboardaship.abroad副詞在國外或海外。如Heoftengoesabroad.board為動詞上船飛機(jī)車。如Thepassengersareboardingtheplanenow.broad為形容詞廣闊的。如Hehasverybroadshoulders.5、accept,receiveaccept接受receive“接到”“收到”。如Ireceivedaninvitationyesterday,butIdidn’tacceptit.昨天我收到了一種請柬但并沒有接受邀請。6、accident,incident,eventaccident事故。如atrafficaccident交通事故incident“附帶事件”在政治上特指導(dǎo)起國際爭端或戰(zhàn)爭的事件事變。event“事件”指尤其重要的事件一般是由此前的努力而產(chǎn)生的成果也指國家和社會的事件。7-accurate,correct,exact,preciseaccurate精確的精確的。如Clocksinrailwaystationsshouldbeaccurate.火車站的鐘應(yīng)當(dāng)是精確的。correct“對的的”指符合一定的原則或準(zhǔn)則具有“無錯誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect,wrong.exact“精確的”“恰好的”比“大體上對的”更深入表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。precise強(qiáng)調(diào)“精確”“精密”。8、accuse,charge,sueaccuse指責(zé)指控常與of搭配。如Hisbossaccusedhimofcarelessness.charge常與with搭配。如Thepolicechargedthedriverwithrecklessdriving.sue常與for搭配。如Smithsuedhisneighborfordamaginghishouse9、acquire,require,inquireacquire獲得獲得學(xué)到。如acquireknowledge獲得知識inquire打聽問詢。如inquireaperson’sname問一種人的姓名require需要。如Werequiremorehelp.我們需要更多的協(xié)助。10、adopt,adaptadopt收養(yǎng)。如Sincetheyhavenochildr