2024年高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)：綜合能力測(cè)試(選修八-Unit1-Unit5-含解析)

高考資源網(wǎng)〔〕，您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣闊教師踴躍來(lái)稿，稿酬豐厚。高考資源網(wǎng)〔〕，您身邊的高考專家歡迎廣闊教師踴躍來(lái)稿，稿酬豐厚。綜合能力測(cè)試八(選修8)時(shí)間：120分鐘總分值：150分第一卷(共115分)第一局部：聽力(共兩節(jié)，總分值30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分)請(qǐng)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthepackedlunch?A.Drinks.B.Cake.C.Fruit.2.Howmuchdoeseachticketcost?A.11.2dollars.B.10dollars.C.5.6dollars.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Bossandemployee.C.Guardandvisitor.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Employerandemployee.5.WhatisBilldoingnow?A.He'slisteningtotheradio.B.He'stalkingonthephone.C.He'sstayinginhospital.第二節(jié)：(共15小題；每題1.5分，總分值22.5分)請(qǐng)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，每題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。請(qǐng)聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6至8題。6.Whatdoesthegirl'smothermostlikelydo?A.Shemaybeadoctor.B.Shemaybeabanker.C.Shemaybeateacher.7.Whereisthegirl'smothermostlikelynow?A.Athome.B.Intheschool.C.Inthehospital.8.What'stheman'stelephonenumber?A.8－55－3－22－99.B.8－55－33－2－99.C.8－55－33－22－9.請(qǐng)聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第9至11題。9.Whatdoesthemanbeton?A.Horses.B.Basketball.C.Football.10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Bossandworker.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Strangers.11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoifhehaslotsofmoney?A.Buyabeautifulcoat.B.Keepitinthebank.C.Travelaroundtheworld.請(qǐng)聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第12至14題。12.Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahospital.C.Inabank.13.Howdoesthewomanrespondtotheservicehere?A.Bycomplaining.B.Byquestioning.C.Byignoring.14.Whatdoesthemanpromisetodo?A.Paybackthewoman'smoney.B.Makeanapologytothewoman.C.Informsomeoneinchargeofthematter.請(qǐng)聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第15至17題。15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Togoshopping.B.Towatchmovies.C.Todoweight－liftingtraining.16.whydoesthemankeeprunning?A.Togetrecovered.B.Tostayhealthy.C.Totakepartinthesportsmeet.17.Howoftendoesthewomanwanttogoswimmingaccordingtoherplan?A.Everytwodays.B.Everythreedays.C.Everyfourdays.請(qǐng)聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第18至20題。18.What'sthemostseriouseatingproblemofwomen?A.Eatingtoomuchandbeingtoofat.B.Eatingtoolittleandbeingtooweak.C.Eatingnomeatandbeingtoothin.19.What'sthereasonfortheeatingproblem?A.Manywomenhavenoaccesstoenoughfood.B.Thesocietyfailstoprovideenoughfood.C.Thesocietyrequireswomentobethin.20.What'sthespeaker'sopinion?A.Womenshouldeatasmuchastheycan.B.Womenshouldfirstofallbehealthy.C.It'smeaningfulforwomentobebeautiful.聽力局部錄音材料(Text1)M：Sorry,Mum,where'smypackedlunch?W：It'sinthekitchen.I'vemadeyouthreesandwiches,andputtwoapplesandapieceofcaketoo.(Text2)W：Hello,Iwanttwoticketsfortomorrow'sgames.Here'sa10－dollarbill.M：Oh,10dollarsisn'tenough.Youshouldgivemeanother1.2dollars,please.(Text3)W：I'msorryIwaslateforwork,MrSmith,butIoverslept,becausemyalarmclockdidn'tworkthismorning.M：Well,it'sOKthistime,Mary.Butit'sdisturbingtherestofyourcolleagues,youknow.W：Yes,Iknow.Iwon'tletithappenagain.I'msosorry.(Text4)M：Yes,itlooksgood.Ilikethecolour.ButIthinkyoucanmakeitbetter.Iwillgiveyouenoughexpenses.W：Manyyoungpeoplelikethecolourandthestyletoo.Moreeffortonthetechnicalsidewouldhelp.(Text5)W：What'sthelatestnewsaboutBill?M：Italkedtohimlastnightonthephone.Hesaidhewasfeelingbetterandwouldbebackhometomo-rrow.(Text6)M：Hello,mayIspeaktoMrsBrown?W：Sorry,Mumisn'tin.Who'sthatspeaking?M：JohnSmith.Iworkinthesameschoolasyourmother.Couldyoutellmewhenshewillbeback?W：I'mnotsure.Sheleftforthebankhalfanhourago.Thenshemightgotothehospital.ShallItakeamessageforher?M：Allright,pleasetellhertocallmewhensheisback.Ihavesomethingimportanttodiscusswithher.Andmynumberis8－55－33－2－99.W：OK,sothat's8－55－33－2－99.M：That'scorrect.Thankyouverymuch.W：Youarewelcome.(Text7)W：Areyoudoingthefootballbets,Brian?M：Yes,I'venearlyfinished,Jane.I'msurewewillwinsomethingthisweek.W：Youalwayssaythat,butweneverwinanything!Whatwillyoudoifyouwinalotofmoney?M：Ifwewinalotofmoney,weshalltravelaroundtheworldandweshallstayatthebesthotels.Thenweshallreturnhomeandbuyabighouseinthecountry.Weshallhaveabeautifulgardenand...W：Butifwespendallthatmoneyweshallbepooragain.Whatshallwedothen?M：Ifwespendallthemoney,weshalltryandwinthefootballbetsagain.W：It'sapleasantdream,buteverythingdependson“if〞！(Text8)W：Waiter!I'dliketospeaktothemanagerplease...Immediatelyifpossible.M：Isanythingwrong,Madam?W：I'mafraidthereis.Theserviceherehasbeenterrible.Wehadtowaittwentyminutesforaglassofmineralwater.M：Isee.Well,I'msorrytohearthat.Thetroubleisthatwe'reabitshortofhandsatpresent.Twowaitressesareill.W：Allright,butthat'snoexcuse.Myhusbandaskedforgooseandhewasbroughtchickeninstead.It'sjustunbelievable!Andmybeansweren'tcookedproperly.Itwasn'taveryenjoyablemealatall.M：Thisismostregrettable.W：Lookatthisbill.We'vebeenovercharged.Weonlyhadonedessert,nottwo.Canyoucheckthebillagain,please?M：Idoapologize,Madam.W：I'mafraidI'mnotgoingtopaytheservicecharge,orgiveatip,asIdon'tfeelsatisfiedwithit.I'mquitedisappointedasamatteroffact.M：I'llpassonyourcomplaintstothemanagerrightaway.W：Thankyou.(Text9)M：What,Mary?You'regoingtoliftweights.W：Areyoulaughingatme?M：I'msorry.Ijustcan'timagineyouliftingweights.W：ButIwanttostart.Ineedtogetinshape.M：It'ssure.Ifapersondoesn'texercise,hewillbeoutofcondition.That'swhyIkeeprunning.W：SoIneedtodosomethingtoo.M：Butweight－liftingisn'tthebestchoice.Youshoulddosomekindofacrobaticexercise.W：Iknow.ButIwanttostarttodaywithalittleweight－lifting.ThenI'mgoingtogoswimming.M：Itsoundslikeagoodplantome.I'mstill...Imean...W：What?M：I'mstilljustsurprisedyoureallywanttodoit.Itdoesn'tseemtogowithyourcharacter.W：Well,ifthat'strue,thenIneedtochangemycharacter.Idon'twanttobecomeafatty.(Text10)Youmightthinkthatthemostdangeroustypeofeating,forwomen,isovereating.Butaccordingtomedicalrecords,that'snotthecase.Mostofthewomenwhodieofeatingproblemssufferfromstarvingthemselves.WhileovereatersfindthemselvesquiteOKexceptthattheyarejustfat,thosewhostarvethemselveshaveadifferentexperience.Tolookbeautiful,manywomeneatverylittle.Butwithoutenoughfood,theyareweakinhealth.Theymayfeelsickindifferentmoment—atmeetings,intheshoppingmalls,orwhilewalkingaround.Thisbecomesespeciallydangerouswhentheyaredrivingoroperatingmachines.Thereasonforthisissociety'sdemandonwomentobeoverlythin.It'sreportedthatover100womendieeachyearintheUnitedStatesalone,justbecausetheywanttomeetthisdemand.Whatweshouldknowisthatwhenyourlifeisindanger,isitmeaningfultoachievethatkindofbeauty?It'snecessaryforthosewhowanttokeepskinnytoreconsiderthemeaningofbeauty.答案1—5ACBCC6—10CCBCB11—15CAACC16—20BABCB第二局部：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，總分值45分)第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空(共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。21．(2024·海南嘉積中學(xué)月考)—Look!HerecomesthebusandIhavetogonow.Thankyouforcomingtoseemeoff.—Goodbye,and________！A．congratulations B．cheerupC．a(chǎn)llthebest D．goahead解析：allthebest一切順利，萬(wàn)事如意，符合語(yǔ)境。congratulations祝賀你；cheerup振作起來(lái)；goahead請(qǐng)用吧。答案：C22．(2024·寧波市聯(lián)考)—PleasetellSusantodropinwhenever________isconvenient.—Yes.Iwill.A．there B．itC．she D．that解析：wheneveritisconvenient方便時(shí)，為固定句型，convenient的主語(yǔ)不能是人。答案：B23．(2024·山東濟(jì)鋼高中沖刺)Duringthesummervocationwewentbacktotheschool________topayavisittoourteachersthoughitwas________hot.A．especially;inparticular B．specially;especiallyC．special;especial D．particularly;specially解析：specially和especially盡管都是副詞，但是意思差異比較大。especially相當(dāng)于inparticular，意思是“特別地〞；specially相當(dāng)于onpurpose，意思是“專門地，特意地〞。答案：B24．(2024·山東濟(jì)鋼高中沖刺)—Howaboutthebookyouarereading?—Goodindeed.It________manyproblemswehavecomeacrossinourstudy.A．says B．talksC．covers D．refers解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞意，cover“包括，涉及；論及〞。答案：C25．(2024·黑龍江省哈師大附中期末)________makesthissmallrestaurantdifferentisthatitoffersthreefreecupsofbeertoitscustomerseverySundaymorning.A．Who B．WhatC．Whoever D．Whatever解析：what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，作從句中的主語(yǔ)。答案：B26．(2024·浙江杭西高中月考)Certaintrains________calledoffduetotheterribleaccidentonJuly23rd,theyhadtogotherebyplane.A．were B．havingbeenC．being D．hadbeen解析：certaintrains被取消發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，故用完成式。havingbeencalledoff，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，如果theyhadtogotherebyplane前有連詞so，那么選D項(xiàng)。答案：B27．(2024·山東濟(jì)南外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校質(zhì)檢)—Theheadteachersaidwehadonlythreedaystofinishtheproject.—Don'tworry.Wehavealready________twothirdsofit.A．takenover B．givenawayC．gotthrough D．madeup解析：getthrough完成。句意：——班主任說(shuō)我們僅有三天完成這個(gè)工程?！?jiǎng)e擔(dān)憂。我們已經(jīng)完成了三分之二。takeover接管；giveaway捐獻(xiàn)；泄露；makeup編造。答案：C28．(2024·江西省高安中學(xué)模擬)—Theweatheristoocold________Marchthisyear.—Itwasstill________whenIcamehereyearsago.A．for;colder B．in;coldC．in;hot D．for;hotter解析：for表示“對(duì)于〞之意；still,even等副詞后與形容詞的比較級(jí)連用。答案：A29．(2024·江西省高安中學(xué)模擬)—Look,it____________again.—Yeah.Thisisthethirdsnowwe________thisspring.A．willsnow;arehaving B．hassnowed;hadhadC．issnowing;havehad D．snows;havehad解析：look后與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用；Thisisthefirst/second/thirdtime...的從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案：C30．—Wouldyoumindgivingyouradviceonhowtoimproveourlearningefficiency?—Ifyoumake________mostofforty-fiveminutes'classesdayafterday,therewillbe________switchingrades.A．/;/ B．the;aC．/;a D．the;/解析：makethemostof充分利用；aswitch一個(gè)改變。答案：B31．(2024·江西九校聯(lián)考)Thepillsmighthavecuredhim,________hehadtakenthemregularly.A．thanksto B．incaseC．sothat D．ifonly解析：ifonly要是……就好了。答案：D32．(2024·浙江省瑞安中學(xué)期末)ThewinneroftheGrandSlamssaidthathehadowedhissuccesstomanypeople,hisparents________.A．a(chǎn)fterall B．bychanceC．onpurpose D．inparticular解析：inparticular尤其。afterall畢竟；bychance碰巧；onpurpose成心。答案：D33．(2024·浙江大衢中學(xué)月考)—Jennytookthe8：00bustoGuangzhouthismorning.—Really?He________the9：00train.It'smuchmorecomfortableandsafertotravelbytrain.A．couldhavetaken B．musthavetakenC．shouldtake D．cantake解析：couldhavedone表示過(guò)去能夠做某事卻未做。答案：A34．(2024·安慶一中模擬)________thatquitealotofpeoplewereoutofwork.A．SobecameserioustheglobaleconomiccrisisB．SoseriousbecametheglobaleconomiccrisisC．SoseriousdidtheglobaleconomiccrisisbecomeD．Serioustheglobaleconomiccrisisbecameso解析：“so＋形容詞/副詞〞置于句首，句子采用局部倒裝。答案：C35．(2024·浙江省嘉興市期末)Hehasnevermixedwiththemorspokentothemonequalterms,buthasgenerallyreceivedrespect________hishighpositionandsuperiorintelligence.A．insteadof B．inadditiontoC．dueto D．inspiteof解析：dueto由于。句意：他從不和他們混在一起也沒(méi)有平等地與他們講過(guò)話，但是他一般地受到尊重因?yàn)樗母呗殑?wù)和超人的智力。insteadof而不是；inaddition除了……之外還；inspiteof盡管。答案：C第二節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。(2024·北京市海淀區(qū)期末)LastJanuaryIwasgivenachancetoworkinanothercountry.Atfirst,Iliveda__36__life,butsoonImetagroupofnewfriendsandtheywerereallynice.Thensomething__37__happened.Oneofourfriendssufferedfromkidneystones(腎結(jié)石),whichhadtobe__38__surgicallyassoonaspossible.Butitwasnotas__39__asthat!Ourfriendcouldnot__40__theoperation,whichputhimintodeep__41__.Ididn'tknowhowtohelphimbecauseIdidn'thaveanymoneyeither.__42__，Ineverlosthope.InsteadItriedtothinkofother__43__andtoldhimnottoworrybecauseeverythingwouldbeallright.BeforeIleftthehospital,Italkedtothesurgeonandaskedhimtodothesurgery,sayingIwouldpaytheexpensesthenextday__44__Ihadthatkindofmoney.Well,Imusthavebeen__45__becausethesurgeonagreedtodoit!ButhowwasIgoingtogetthatmuchmoney?AllIknewwasthatIneededtohelpmyfriend!Althoughitcouldbe__46__todealwiththiskindofsituation,Idecidedtomakesomeefforts.Itriedtoborrowmoneybutfailed.Itried__47__mythingsbutnoonewantedthem.ThenIhadtheideaoftalkingtomy__48__.IaskedhimifIcouldhavemynexttwomonths'salaryinadvance－withouteventhinkingonhowIwould__49__fortwomonthswithnomoney.Hewassurprisedandaskedmethereason.ItoldhimthatIhadafriendwhowasreallyinneed.__50__Iconvincedhimtooandthenhegavemytwomonths'salarywithoutany__51__！Upongettingthemoney,Irantothehospitalandpaidallthebills.Myfrienddidn'tknowhowtothankme.Ijustsaid,“Comeon!Givemea__52__！〞Friendshipmaynotonlybefoundatthehappymomentbutsometimesyoucanfinditonthe__53__timeinyourlife!I'vedoneagoodthingbybeinga(n)__54__friendandIthinkitiswellworththe__55__.36.A.private B．lonelyC.colorful D.normal37.A.strange B.wrongC.unexpected D.unfair38.A.removed B.reducedC.examined D.lifted39.A.terrible B.painfulC.simple D.special40.A.stand B.considerC.perform D.afford41.A.anxiety B.confusionC.embarrassment D.dissatisfaction42.A.Thus B.OtherwiseC.However D.Therefore43.A.reasons B.optionsC.symptoms D.expectations44.A.evenif B.asifC.sothat D.incase45.A.encouraging B.annoyingC.astonishing D.convincing46.A.challenging B.disturbingC.amazing D.scaring47.A.saving B.handlingC.donating D.selling48.A.colleague B.relativeC.boss D.surgeon49.A.adapt B.surviveC.continue D.wander50.A.Luckily B.SlightlyC.Constantly D.Occasionally51.A.analysis B.dignityC.hesitation D.remark52.A.favor B.hugC.promise D.reply53.A.best B.longestC.strangest D.toughest54.A.supportive B.sensitiveC.aggressive D.attentive55.A.tolerance B.sympathyC.pressure D.effort答案與解析36．B開始的時(shí)候我很孤單(lonely)，但很快就結(jié)交了一些新朋友。37．C后來(lái)發(fā)生了一件意想不到的(unexpected)事。38．A我的一位朋友得了腎結(jié)石，需要馬上做手術(shù)取出(removed)結(jié)石。39．C但是事情遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有這么簡(jiǎn)單(simple)。40．D他承擔(dān)(afford)不起手術(shù)費(fèi)，這讓他變得非常焦慮(anxiety)。41．A見上一題解析。42．C然而(However)，我沒(méi)有灰心。43．B我覺得還有選擇的余地(options)，告訴他不要擔(dān)憂，這世上沒(méi)有過(guò)不去的坎！44．B我跟大夫說(shuō)第二天我來(lái)交錢，就好似(asif)是我已經(jīng)籌到了那筆錢似的。45．D我肯定是讓醫(yī)生確信(convincing)我不會(huì)食言——因?yàn)樗菰S我了。46．A盡管處理眼下這種情況很不好辦(challenging)，但我還是要盡力。47．D我想變賣(selling)自己值錢的東西，但無(wú)人問(wèn)津。48．C我想到了去找老板(boss)說(shuō)說(shuō)看。49．B我問(wèn)他能不能預(yù)支兩個(gè)月的工資給我——當(dāng)時(shí)想都沒(méi)想后面兩個(gè)月自己沒(méi)錢怎么過(guò)(survive)。50．A幸運(yùn)的是(Luckily)我也說(shuō)服了他，老板毫不猶豫地就容許了。51．Cwithoutanyhesitation毫不猶豫。52．B朋友不知道該怎樣謝我，我說(shuō)：“過(guò)來(lái)抱抱(hug)我就可以了！〞53．D人生得意時(shí)分不清誰(shuí)是真朋友，危急(toughest)關(guān)頭才會(huì)見證真正的友誼。54．A關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻作為朋友的我?guī)土怂粋€(gè)大忙(supportive)，算是做了一件好事。55．D我也覺得自己的努力(effort)非常值得。第三局部：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，總分值40分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分)閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。ATheoceancanbedividedintothreezonesbasedontheamountoflighteachreceives.TheSunlitZoneThisisthetoplayer,nearestthesurface.Itisalsocalledtheeuphoticzone.Herethereisenoughlightcomingintothewatertosupportphotosynthesis(光合作用)．Thesunlitzonegoesdownabout600feet.Becausephotosynthesisoccurshere,morethan90percentofallmarinelifelivesinit,includingmostfish.TheTwilightZoneOnlyasmallamountoflightgetsthroughthewatertoreachthiszone.Asthewaterbecomesdeeper,thepressureincreases.Plantsdonotgrowhere;onlyanimalsthathaveadaptedtohavinglittlelightcansurvive.Thetwilightzoneisalsoknownasthedisphoticzone.Thispartoftheoceanbeginsatabout600feetunderthewaterandreachesthedarkestpart,whichbeginsabout3,000feetdown.Somesquidandfishcanusetheirbodiestomakelight.TheMidnightZoneNinetypercentoftheoceanisinthemidnightzone.Itisentirelydark—thereisnolight.Thewaterpressureisextreme.Thetemperatureisnearfreezing.Themidnightzoneisalsocalledtheaphoticzone.Whatcanliveinthemidnightzone?Thelivingthingsfoundhereliveclosetocracksintheearth'scrust(地殼).Thesecracksgiveoffmineral-richmaterialsfromthecenteroftheearthitself.Specialkindsofbacterialivehere,andallotherthingslivinginthemidnightzonefeedonthesebacteria.56.Whydoesmostmarinelifeliveinthesunlitzone?A.Becausethiszoneisunderextremewaterpressure.B.Becausemanyspecialkindsoffishliveinthiszone.C.Becausephotosynthesistakesplaceinthiszone.D.Becausethiszonecontainsvarietiesofminerals.57.Thetwilightzonecoversadepthofabout________feet.A.600 B．2,400C.3,000 D.3,60058.Mostcreaturesinthemidnightzoneliveon________.A.water B．bacteriaC.minerals D.fish59.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．LightzonesintheoceanB．LivingthingsintheoceanC．ThedepthoftheoceanD．Thesecretoftheocean答案與解析56．C由文中第3段“Becausephotosynthesisoccurshere,morethan90percentofallmarinelifelivesinit,includingmostfish〞可知。57．B由文中第6段“Thispartoftheoceanbeginsatabout600feetunderthewaterandreachesthedarkestpart,whichbeginsabout3,000feetdown〞可知，3000－600＝2400。58．B由該篇最后一句可知：在午夜層有特殊細(xì)菌存在，而其他(除細(xì)菌以外)生物均靠細(xì)菌為生。59．A文章開頭寫道“Theoceancanbedividedintothreezonesbasedontheamountoflighteachreceives〞可知，本文講的是根據(jù)接收陽(yáng)光多少對(duì)海洋分層。后面分別對(duì)三個(gè)海洋層展開說(shuō)明。BNextHalloween,asmallvegetablethatlookslikeapumpkinmayappearinagardennearyou.Thevegetableisatypeofpepperthatiscalled“Lil'Pumpkin〞.It'sveryspecialbecauseithasorange,pumpkin-likefruit.Youmightthinkthatallvegetablesaregrowntoprovidefoodtoeat.Butsomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolorandholidayspiritthattheybringtogardens.Thesearecalled“ornamentals(欣賞性植物)〞.JustlikelightsdecorateaChristmastree,theydecorateagarden.Thepepperswerebred(培育)byAgriculturalResearchService(ARS)scientistsJohnStommelandRobertGriesbach.Anotherpepperthescientistsdevelopediscalled“PepperJack〞.BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackcone－shaped(錐形的)fruit,itmightremindyouofthepopularHalloweentreat“candycorn〞．StommelsaysthatvegetablecropssuchaspepperswerefirstwidelygrowninEuropeinthe15thcentury.Atthattime,peoplelikedthesecropsmorebecausetheylookedprettythanbecausetheyprovidedfood.Backthen,whenagardenergrewplantsfordecorationandplantsforfood,thegardenwascalleda“potager〞.Anexampleofthisisthelargegardensonthelawns(草坪)ofcastlesandverylargehomeswherekingsandqueenslived.OneofthoselargeroyalhomeswastheFrenchking'spalaceatVersaillesduringthe1600s.Thepalaceisstilltheretoday,andpeoplefromallovertheworldstillgotheretovisitandseethegardens.Today,Stornmelsaysusingvegetablesasdecorationsingardenshasbecomepopularagain.Soyoumightbewondering,ifthesepeppersarefordecoration，canpeopleeatthem?Yes,butthefruitfrombothofthesepeppershasasharptaste(kindoflikeonions)．Thesepeppersarescheduledtobecomeavailableinmid2024.Theseprettypepperscanbegrownincontainersandalsoingardenbeds.Theygrowbestwithplentyoflightandwarmtemperatures，Stommelsays.60.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Differentkindsofpeppers.B.Thehistoryofpeppers.C.PepperswiththeHalloweenspirit.D.FoodfortheHalloweenfestival.61.Whatdoweknowabout“Lil'Pumpkin〞and“PepperJack〞？A.TheyareusedtodecorateChristmastrees.B.Theyaregrownmainlytoprovidefoodtoeat.C.Theirfruitshavedifferentshapes.D.Theirfruitsarethesamecolor.62.Theunderlinedword“they〞inParagraph2refersto______.A.thesevegetables B．theseholidaysC.theselights D.thesescientists63.Accordingtothepassage,apotagerwas________.A.theplacewherekingsandqueenslivedB.thegardenintheFrenchking'spalaceC.aplaceprovidingvegetablesfortheroyalhomesD.agardenwithplantsfordecorationandforfood答案與解析60.C主旨大意題。讀文章第1段可知本文主要介紹的是這種外表酷似南瓜的辣椒，而南瓜是萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的標(biāo)志，故答案為C項(xiàng)。61．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第1段中說(shuō)到了第一種辣椒外表像南瓜，而根據(jù)第3段中的“BecausePepperJackhasorangeandblackonce-shaped〞可知第2種辣椒的形狀是錐形的，故答案為C項(xiàng)。62．A詞義猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系本段前面的“Butsomevegetablesaregrownmainlyforthelivelycolorandholidayspiritthattheybringtogardens〞可知這里指那些蔬菜。63．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第5段的首句“Backthen,whenagardenergrewplantsofdecorationandplantsforfood,thegardenwascalleda‘potager’〞可知答案為D項(xiàng)。CGenerationsofchildrengrewupreadingcomic(漫畫)bookssecretly,hidingoutfromparentsandteacherswhosawthemasawasteoftimeandarisktoyoungminds.Comicsarenowgaininganewrespectabilityatschool.Thatisthankstoanincreasinglypopularandcreativeprogram,oftenaimedatstrugglingreaders,thatencourageschildrentoplot,writeanddrawcomicbooks,inmanycasesusingthemesfromtheirownlives.TheComicBookProjectwasstartedin2001byMichaelBitzatanelementaryschoolinQueens.Sinceitscreation,theprogram,whichismainlyconductedafterschool,hasspreadtomorethan850schoolsacrossthecountry.IthasgottenabigpushfromtheCanentcraze(狂熱)amongadolescentsforcomicbookclubsandforManga,awidlypopularvarietyofcomicoriginatinginJapan.Thepointisnottodropacomicbookonachild'sdeskandsay“readthis〞.Rather,theworkshopsgivegroupsofstudentstheopportunitytocollaborate(合著)onoftencomplexstoriesandcharactersthattheythenrevise,publishandsharewithothersintheircommunities.Teachersarefindingiteasiertoteachwriting,grammarandpunctuationwithmaterialthatstudentsarefullyinvestedin(投入).Anditturnsoutthatcomicbookshaveotherbuiltinadvantages.Thepairingofvisualandwrittenplotlinesthattheyrelyonappeartobeespeciallyhelpfultostrugglingreaders.Nooneissuggestingthatcomicbooksshouldsubstitutefortraditionalbooksorforstandardreadingandcompositionlessons.Teacherswhowouldoncehavedismissedcomicsoutofhandarelearningtoexploit(利用)astylethatclearlyhasapowerfulholdonyoungminds.Theyareusingwhatworks.64.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?A.JapaneseComicBooks.B.ComicBooksintheClassroom.C.ReadingEfficiently.D.ACurrentCraze.65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Students'readingmaterialsareofteninvolvedwiththeirdailylife.B.Comicbookscannowtaketheplaceoftextbooksatschool.C.Teachersnowgiveawaycomicbooksforchildrentoread.D.Children'simaginationplaysakeyroleincomicbooks.66.ThemainpurposeoftheComicBookProjectisto________.A.developthecooperationamongadolescentsB.makesurethatstudentslivearichandcolorfullifeafterschoolC.helpstudentswhohavesomedifficultyinreadingD.popularizeanewmethodofteaching67.Itcanbeinferredthat________.A.comicbookswerefirstusedinJapaneseschoolsB.parentshavedifferentopinionsabouttheirchildrenreadingcomicbooksC.moreandmoreteacherswillrealizetheadvantagesofcomicbooksD.comicbookswillbeallowedtoenteralltheschoolsinthecountry答案與解析64．B主旨大意題。第一段提出全文主題：Comicsarenowgaininganewrespectabilityatschool.之后圍繞該主題具體介紹漫畫在學(xué)校教育中的意義和作用，由此判斷全文標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是：教室中的漫畫。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。65．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Teachersarefindingiteasiertoteachwriting,grammarandpunctuationwithmaterialthatstudentsarefullyinvestedin(投入).Anditturnsoutthatcomicbookshaveotherbuiltinadvantages.〞可知老師給學(xué)生提供漫畫書讓他們閱讀，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。66．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thatisthankstoanincreasinglypopularandcreativeprogram,oftenaimedatstrugglingreaders,thatencourageschildrentoplot,writeanddrawcomicbooks,inmanycasesusingthemesfromtheirownlives.〞可知，該工程的目的旨在普及一種新教學(xué)法——漫畫教學(xué)法。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。67．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段對(duì)“漫畫教學(xué)〞的優(yōu)勢(shì)的介紹可推斷，越來(lái)越多的人會(huì)意識(shí)到漫畫書的好處。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。D(2024·北京高考)Decision-makingunderStressAnewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages，causingittofocusonpleasureandignorethepossiblenegative(負(fù)面的)consequencesofadecision.Theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesinpredictableways.“Stressaffectshowpeoplelearn，〞saysProfessorMaraMather.“Peoplelearnbetteraboutpositivethannegativeoutcomesunderstress.〞Forexample，tworecentstudieslookedathowpeoplelearnedtoconnectimages(影像)witheitherrewardsorpunishments.Inoneexperiment，someoftheparticipantswerefirststressedbyhavingtogiveaspeechanddodifficultmathproblemsinfrontofanaudience；intheother，somewerestressedbyhavingtokeeptheirhandsinicewater.Inbothcases，thestressedparticipantsrememberedtherewardedmaterialmoreaccuratelyandthepunishedmateriallessaccuratelythanthosewhohadn'tgonethroughthestress.Thisphenomenonislikelynotsurprisingtoanyonewhohastriedtoresisteatingcookiesorsmokingacigarettewhileunderstress—atthosemoments，onlythepleasureassociatedwithsuchactivitiescomestomind.Butthefindingsfurthersuggestthatstressmaybringaboutadoubleeffect.Notonlyarerewardingexperiencesrememberedbetter，butnegativeconsequencesarealsolesseasilyrecalled.Theresearchalsofoundthatstressappearstoaffectdecision-makingdifferentlyinmenandwomen.Whilebothmenandwomentendtofocusonrewardsandlessonconsequencesunderstress，theirresponsestoriskturnouttobedifferent.Menwhohadbeenstressedbythecold-watertasktendedtotakemorerisksintheexperimentwhilewomenrespondedintheoppositeway.Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisk-takingcanpayoffbig，menmaytendtodobetter；whencautionweighsmore，however，womenwillwin.Thistendencytoslowdownandbecomemorecautiouswhendecisionsareriskymightalsohelpexplainwhywomenarelesslikelytobecomeaddictedthanmen：theymaymoreoftenavoidmakingtheriskychoicesthateventuallyhardenintoaddiction.68．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatpeopleunderpressuretendto________.A．keeprewardsbetterintheirmemoryB．recallconsequencesmoreeffortlesslyC．makeriskydecisionsmorefrequentlyD．learnasubjectmoreeffectively69．Accordingtotheresearch，stressaffectspeoplemostprobablyintheir________.A．waysofmakingchoicesB．preferenceforpleasureC．toleranceofpunishmentsD．responsestosuggestions70．Theresearchhasprovedthatinastressfulsituation,________.A．womenfinditeasiertofallin