BBC英語六分鐘-每天堅持口語Could you be flexitarian

Couldyoubeflexitarian?BBC英語六分鐘練起來（2023.03.27）TranscriptNeil

Hello.Thisis6MinuteEnglishI'mNeil.

Catherine

AndI'mCatherine.

Neil

Catherine,areyou

flexitarian?

Catherine

No,I’mnotreallyreligious,Neil.

Neil

It’snotareligion!It’sadiet.Itmeansmainlyeatingplant-basedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeat.

Catherine

Oh,Isee,sorry–er,well,Idon'teattoomuchmeatsoI'mkindofonthewaytoflexitarianism.Neil

Somepeopledon’teatmeatfor

ethical

reasons.Thatmeansthatforthemit’swrongtoeatmeat,it’swrongthatanimalsshouldbekilledforourfood.Butoneofthereasonsforbeing

flexitarian

andonlyeatingmeatonceinawhileisforthebenefitoftheplanet.Accordingtoarecentreport,being

flexitarian

ishealthierfortheindividualbutcanalsohelptofightclimatechange.Beforewelookinmoredetailatthistopic,aquestion:Doyoulikepeppers,Catherine?

Catherine

Yes,Ido.Isthatcorrect?

Neil

Well,that'snotthequizquestion!Butthisis.Allpeppersareinthesamefoodgroup.Whatgroupisit?Arepeppers:

a)fruit

b)vegetablesor

c)herbs

Anyideas?

CatherineThisonesoundslikeatrickquestion-butIthinkit’sobviouslyvegetables.Yep?

Neil

Well,you’llhavetowaitabittofindout.I'llhavetheanswerlaterintheprogramme.Now,DrMarcoSpringmannisfromtheUniversityofOxfordandwasoneoftheleadauthorsofamajorreportthatlookedattheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate.OntheBBCTodayprogrammehetalkedaboutwhatchangeswouldbeneeded.Doeshementionjustonething?

DrMarcoSpringmannWereallyfoundthat

acombinationofmeasures

wouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant-baseddiets,

ambitious

technologicalimprovementsandchangesinfarmingmanagement,andareductionoffoodlossandwaste.

NeilSodidhementionjustonething,Catherine?

Catherine

No,notatall.Hesaidthattherewouldneedtobea

combinationofmeasures

whichmeans'avarietyofdifferentactions'includingmovingtoaplant-baseddiet,developingtechnology,changingthewaywefarmandwastinglessfood.

Neil

Hedescribedtheneedfor

ambitious

technologicalimprovements.

Ambitious

heremeansthedevelopmentswillhavetobe'impressive,abovetheordinaryandnotsimple'.DrSpringmannwasaskedifwehadtocompletelyremovemeatfromthefoodthatweeattobehealthy.Whatwashisrecommendation?

DrMarcoSpringmann

Well,welooked…we

surveyedtheliterature

onwhatahealthydietisandaccordingtothat,ifyoutreatitas

aluxury,it’sprobablyOKbutyoushouldn’thavemorethanoneservingofredmeat,whichincludesbeefandpork,perweek.Sothemoreplant-basedyougo,thehealthierandtheloweranenvironmentalimpactitprobablywillbe.

BBCTodayprogrammepresenter

Andlambisjustthesame…

DrMarcoSpringmann

Yes.

Neil

Sodoweneedtocutoutmeatentirely?

Catherine

Hesaysthatwhileaplant-baseddietiscertainlyhealthier,youcouldstillhavesomeredmeatbutonlyonceaweek.

Neil

Yes,hesaidthinkofitasa

luxury.A

luxury

foodisonethatwereallyenjoybutdon’teatveryoften–perhapsbecauseit’sveryexpensiveorrare.

Catherine

Ordeliciousbutverybadforus.Weeatitasatreatbutnoteveryday.Springmannsaysweshouldthinkofredmeatinthesameway.Itshouldn’tbearegularpartofourdiet.

Neil

Howdidhecometothisopinion?Didtheyjustmakeitupthemselvesbecauseitsoundslikeagoodidea?

Catherine

Notatall,Neil.Hesaidthatthey

surveyedtheliterature.Thismeansthataspartoftheirreporttheystudieddifferentscientificresearchthathadpreviouslybeenpublished.Theiradviceisbasedontheevidenceofthoseresearchpapers.

NeilOK.Nowtheanswertoourquizquestion.Iaskedtowhatfoodgroupdopeppersbelong.Wasit:

a)fruit

b)vegetables

c)herbs

Catherine,yousaid?Catherine

Isaidb)vegetables.

Neil

Ohdear,goodtrybutnotright,thanksforplaying.Theanswerisa)fruit.

Catherine

Fruit?Really?

Neil

Yes.Afruitisthepartofplantthatcontainstheseeds–sopeppers,liketomatoes,pumpkins,avocadosandolivesareactuallyfruit.Welldoneifyougotthatoneright.Now,ourvocabulary.Ourfirstwordis

flexitarian.Thisisthetermforadietthatismainlyplant-basedbutcanincludemeatoccasionally.

Catherine

Ournextwordis

ethical.Thisisinthecontextofchoosingnottoeatmeat.Somepeoplearevegetarianbecausetheydon’tlikemeat,somebecausetheywantahealthierdietandsomefor

ethical

reasons.Thismeansthattheirchoiceisbecausetheyfeelitistherightthingtodo.

NeilThenextphrasewas

acombinationofmeasures.Thismeans'takingdifferentactionstoachievesomething',notjustdoingonething.

Catherine

Wethenhad

ambitious.Ifapersonis

ambitious,

itmeansthatthey'wanttogetoninlifeandbesuccessful',but

ambitious

canalsobeusedtodescribeaplanorachievementwhichis'impressiveandabovetheordinary'.

Neil

Thenextphrasewasto

surveytheliterature.Thismeansto'studyandanalysethedifferentscientificresearchonaparticularsubject'.

Catherine

Andfinallywehad

luxury.Whentalkingaboutfood,

aluxury

issomethingthatweonlyeatoccasionallyasaspecialtreatbecauseit’sexpensiveorunhealthybutdelicious.

Neil

Well,I’moffforaplateofdeliciousvegetables.Pleasejoinusnexttimeandwhynotcheckusoutonyourfavouritesocialmediaplatform,onourappandofcoursethewebsite?Goodbye.

CatherineBye!flexitarian

adietbasedoneatingmostlyplant-basedfoodandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeat

ethical

doingsomethingfor

ethical

reasonsmeansdoingitasamoralchoicebecauseyoubelieveitistherightthingtodo

acombinationofmeasures

anumberofdifferentactions

ambitious

impressiveandoutoftheordinary

surveytheliterature

studypreviouslypublishedscientificresearch

aluxury

afoodthatwereallylikebutweonlyhaveitrarelybecauseit’sexpensive,rareand/orbadforourhealth雙語版TranscriptHello.Thisis6MinuteEnglish,I'mNeil.大家好。這里是六分鐘英語，我是尼爾。AndI'mCatherine.我是凱瑟琳。Catherine,areyouflexitarian?凱瑟琳，你是彈性素食者嗎？No,I'mnotreallyreligious,Neil.不，我真的不信仰宗教，尼爾。It'snotareligion!It'sadiet.Itmeansmainlyeatingplant-basedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeat.那不是一種宗教信仰。它是一種飲食方式。它指的是主要吃植物性食物，只偶爾吃肉。Oh,Isee.Sorry.Er,well,Idon'teattoomuchmeat,soI'mkindofonthewaytoflexitarianism.噢，明白了。抱歉。額，好吧，我吃肉不太多，所以我有點像是彈性素食主義。Somepeopledon'teatmeatforethicalreasons.Thatmeansthatforthemit'swrongtoeatmeat,it'swrongthatanimalsshouldbekilledforourfood.Butoneofthereasonsforbeingflexitarianandonlyeatingmeatonceinawhileisforthebenefitoftheplanet.Accordingtoarecentreport,beingflexitarianishealthierfortheindividualbutcanalsohelptofightclimatechange.Beforewelookinmoredetailatthistopic,aquestion:Doyoulikepeppers,Catherine?一些人出于道德原因不吃肉。那意味著對他們來說吃肉是錯的，殺死動物當做我們食物是錯的。但是保持彈性素食，只偶爾吃肉的一個原因是那對地球有益。根據(jù)最近一份報告，保持彈性素食不僅對個體來說更健康，它同樣能夠幫助應對氣候變化。但是在我們查找更多關(guān)于這個主題的內(nèi)容之前有一個問題:你喜歡辣椒嗎？Yes,Ido.Isthatcorrect?喜歡，我喜歡?；卮鹫_嗎？Well,that'snotthequizquestion!Butthisis.Allpeppersareinthesamefoodgroup.Whatgroupisit?Arepeppersfruit?vegetables?herbs?Anyideas?好吧，那不是測試問題！這個才是。所有辣椒處于同一食物類別。它是什么食物類別？辣椒是水果？

蔬菜？草本？有什么想法嗎？Thisonesoundslikeatrickquestion,butIthinkit'sobviouslyvegetables.Yep?這個問題聽起來像是一個刁鉆的問題，但是我覺得很顯然是蔬菜。對嗎？Well,you'llhavetowaitabittofindout.I'llhavetheanswerlaterintheprogramme.Now,DrMarcoSpringmannisfromtheUniversityofOxfordandwasoneoftheleadauthorsofamajorreportthatlookedattheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate.OntheBBCTodayprogrammehetalkedaboutwhatchangeswouldbeneeded.Doeshementionjustonething?好的，你得等一會才能找到答案。稍后我將在節(jié)目中揭曉答案。馬克羅·斯普林曼來自牛津大學，并且是一份重要報告的主要作者之一，該報道研究全球糧食體系以及其如何對氣候造成影響。在《今日BBC》節(jié)目中，他談到需要做出什么改變。他只提到了一件事嗎？Wereallyfoundthatacombinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimits,andthoseincludechangestowardshealthier,moreplant-baseddiets,ambitioustechnologicalimprovementsandchangesinfarmingmanagement,andareductionoffoodlossandwaste.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)真的需要在環(huán)境限度內(nèi)采取一系列措施，而那些就包含有朝著更健康，更植物性飲食方向的改變，技術(shù)顯著改進，以及改變耕作管理方式以及減少食物損失和浪費。Sodidhementionjustonething,Catherine?所以他只提到了一件事嗎，凱瑟琳？No,notatall.Hesaidthattherewouldneedtobeacombinationofmeasureswhichmeans'avarietyofdifferentactions',includingmovingtoaplant-baseddiet,developingtechnology,changingthewaywefarmandwastinglessfood.不，根本不是。他說需要有一系列的措施，那指的是“一系列不同的行動”，包括轉(zhuǎn)為植物性飲食方式，發(fā)展技術(shù)，改變我們耕作的方式以及減少食物浪費。Hedescribedtheneedforambitioustechnologicalimprovements.Ambitiousheremeansthedevelopmentswillhavetobe'impressive,abovetheordinaryandnotsimple'.DrSpringmannwasaskedifwehadtocompletelyremovemeatfromthefoodthatweeattobehealthy.Whatwashisrecommendation?他描述稱需要技術(shù)顯著改進。“Ambitious”在這里指的是發(fā)展將必須是“令人印象深刻的，超乎尋常，并且不是簡簡單單的”。斯普林曼博士被問到為了保持健康，我們是否必須完全將肉類從我們所吃食物中剔除。他的建議是什么？Well,welooked...wesurveyedtheliteratureonwhatahealthydietisandaccordingtothat,ifyoutreatitasaluxury,it'sprobablyOK.Butyoushouldn'thavemorethanoneservingofredmeat,whichincludesbeefandpork,perweek.Sothemoreplant-basedyougo,thehealthierandtheloweranenvironmentalimpactitprobablywillbe.好吧，我們查找……調(diào)查關(guān)于什么是健康飲食的文獻資料，而且根據(jù)文獻資料，如果你把它當做奢飾品對待，它或許還可以。但是每周食用紅肉不應該超過一次，紅肉包括牛肉和豬肉。所以你植物性食物吃得越多，你就會越健康，對環(huán)境可能會造成的影響越低。Andlambisjustthesame?羊肉也是一樣的嗎？Yes.是的。Sodoweneedtocutoutmeatentirely?所以我們需要完全不吃肉嗎？Hesaysthatwhileaplant-baseddietiscertainlyhealthier,youcouldstillhavesomeredmeatbutonlyonceaweek.他說盡管植物性飲食方式確實更健康，你仍能夠吃一些紅肉，但是一周僅一次。Yes,hesaidthinkofitasaluxury.Aluxuryfoodisonethatwereallyenjoybutdon'teatveryoften.Perhapsbecauseit'sveryexpensiveorrare.是的，他說把它當成一件奢飾品。奢侈的食物是我們真的很享受，但是并不經(jīng)常吃的東西?；蛟S因為它很貴或者很罕見。Ordeliciousbutverybadforus.Weeatitasatreatbutnoteveryday.Springmannsaysweshouldthinkofredmeatinthesameway.Itshouldn'tbearegularpartofourdiet.或者是很美味但對我們非常有害。我們把它當做一頓美餐吃，但是并不是每天都吃。斯普林曼說我們應該以同樣的方式看待紅肉。它不應該是我們飲食中的常見部分。Howdidhecometothisopinion?Didtheyjustmakeitupthemselvesbecauseitsoundslikeagoodidea?他是怎么得出這個觀點的？他們因為這聽起來像是一個好主意就自己編造出來的嗎？Notatall,Neil.Hesaidthattheysurveyedtheliterature.Thismeansthataspartoftheirreporttheystudieddifferentscientificresearchthathadpreviouslybeenpublished.Theiradviceisbasedontheevidenceofthoseresearchpapers.根本不是，尼爾。他說他們調(diào)查了文獻資料。這指的是作為報告的一部分，他們研究了之前發(fā)表過的不同的科研成果。他們的建議是基于這些科研論文所提供的證據(jù)。OK.Nowtheanswertoourquizquestion.Iaskedtowhatfoodgroupdopeppersbelong.Wasit:a)fruitb)vegetablesc)herbs?Catherine,yousaid?好的?，F(xiàn)在揭曉我們測試問題的答案。我問辣椒屬于哪個食物種類？是a)水果b)蔬菜c)草本？凱瑟琳，你說是？Isaidb)vegetables.我說是b)蔬菜。Ohdear,goodtrybutnotright,thanksforplaying.Theanswerisa)fruit.噢，親愛的，很好的嘗試但是不對，感謝參與。答案是a)水果。Fruit?Really?水果？真的嗎？Yes.Afruitisthepartofplantthatcontainstheseeds.Sopeppers,liketomatoes,pumpkins,avocadosandolivesareactuallyfruit.Welldoneifyougotthatoneright.Now,ourvocabulary.Ourfirstwordisflexitarian.Thisisthetermforadietthatismainlyplant-basedbutcanincludemeatoccasionally.是的。水果是含有種子的那部分植物。所以辣椒，還有像是西紅柿，南瓜，牛油果，橄欖事實上都是水果。如果你答對了那你很棒啊?，F(xiàn)在是我們的詞匯了。我們第一個單詞是“彈性素食”。這是一個術(shù)語，用來形容主要吃植物性食物，偶爾包含一些肉類的飲食方式。Ournextwordisethical.Thisisinthecontextofchoos