2024年牛津譯林英語中考語法一輪復(fù)習(xí)-賓語從句重點(diǎn)知識點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)

2024-2025學(xué)年牛津譯林英語中考語法一輪復(fù)習(xí)-賓語從句重點(diǎn)知識點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí)一.定義在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它是眾多從句中的一員，在復(fù)合句中作主句謂語動詞、介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當(dāng)賓語，如:Iknowtheman.Ilovemymum.而這時也可以用一個句子來充當(dāng)賓語如:Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman.（主語）（謂語）（賓語從句）Peoplethinkthathisbodytemperaturemadethechocolatemelt.（主語）（謂語）（賓語從句）賓語從句三大重點(diǎn)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，that在從句中無詞意，在在口語或非正式文體中常省略如:MyteachersaidIwasagoodboy.老師說我是個好男孩。Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill. 她不知道她病得很重。Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed. 我確定他會成功。whether/if,引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示對從句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不確定，翻譯為是否。如：Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcometonightornot.我不知道他晚上會不會來。Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.我想知道你是否會幫助我。 只能用whether不用if的三種情況一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether:與ornot連用:HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot. 在介詞之后:Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain. IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings 在不定式之前:Wehaven'tdecidedwhethertogothere. Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse. who,whom,whosewhat,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等疑問代詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表疑問。在從句中充當(dāng)主語，表語，定語等，因此不能省略。例：ThisbookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.這本書將告訴你最好的CEO應(yīng)該知道什么。 Choosewhicheverbookyouprefer. 選擇你喜歡的任一本書。 Iwanttoknowwhotoldyouthesecret. 我想知道誰告訴你這個秘密。when,where,why,how等疑問副詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作狀語，因此不能省略。例：Hedidn’ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain. 他沒有告訴我我們什么時候會再見。 Couldyoupleasetellmehowyourepairedthecomputer.你能不能告訴我你怎么修理這臺電腦的。練習(xí)檢測賓語從句的語序賓語從句必須是陳述句語序，肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語+謂語+引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其他，部分引導(dǎo)詞可省略或充當(dāng)主語。例：HeaskedmewhatIdidyesterdayafternoon.他問我昨天晚上我多了什么。Doyouknowwhywinteriscolderthansummer?你知道為什么冬天比夏天冷嗎？注意：引導(dǎo)詞做主語的特殊情況。Couldyoutellmewhat’sthematterwithyou?Iwonderwhichisthewaytotheshop.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序句式 連詞 語序 例句 陳述句 that 不變 Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends. 一般疑問句 if/whether 改為陳述語序 Ican’trememberifIpostedtheletter. 特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞 改為陳述語序 HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteacher. 賓語從句的時態(tài)。賓語從句與主句的時態(tài)要相互呼應(yīng)（口訣：主現(xiàn)從需，主過從過；客觀真理，一般現(xiàn)在）如果主句的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，現(xiàn)在完成時),賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定。例：Idon'tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?Hehastoldmethathe’llleaveforNewYorktomorrow.如果主句的時態(tài)是過去的某種時態(tài)(一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時)賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時，過去完成時)。例如:HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情況:1.從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，用現(xiàn)在時。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay，Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis？2.從句中有具體時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作前，仍然用一般過去時。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.賓語從句練習(xí)-PhiliphasgonetoNewZealand.-Oh.canyoutellme?whendidheleave B.whenheisleavingC.whenheleft D.whenisheleaving Iknowhe'sbeencuriousabouteverything,butthat's____.Bepatient!whatdokidslike B.whatkidslike C.whatarekidslike D.whatkidsarelike -Couldyoutellme________?-Oh,sheistheworld'sfirstrobotcitizen,Sophiawhatthetallgirlis B.whatisthetallgirlC.whothetallgirlis D.whoisthetallgirl-Couldyoutellme________?-It'sabouthowagroupofsuper-heroestrytosavehumans.whenwasthefilmAvengersAssemble3shownwhenthefimAvengersAssemble3wasshownwhatstorythefilmAvengersAssemble3tellsusD.whatstorythefilmAvengersAssemble3toldus-Peter,isthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?-Yes,Iamstillwondering________A.howisChinesepapercutmadeB.howwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimesC.whytheChinesepeopleliketoplaythedragondanceD.whydotheChinesepeopleeatricedumplingsatDragonBoatFestival-Doyouknow________second-handsmoke?-Toprotectourhealthandmemory.A.howweshouldprevent B.whyshouldweprevent C.whyweshouldprevent D.whetherweshouldprevent-Couldyoutellme________?-MorethanayearA.howsoonwillYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbebuiltB.howlonghasYangzhou-TaizhouAirportbeeninserviceC.howsoonYangzhou-TaizhouAirportwillbebuiltD.howlongYangzhou-TaizhouAirporthasbeeninservice-Idon'tcare________.Inthiscamp,there'sonlyonehairstyle--short!Understand?-Yes,madam!A.whatyouareusedtoliking B.whatyouusedtobelike C.whatareyouusedtoliking D.whatdidyouusetobelike Theteacheraskedthestudents________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs B.iftheyareinterestedindinosaurs C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted -HowisyourMayDayholiday,John? -Notbad.Youseemsohappy.Couldyoutellme_________?A.whatplaceyouhavebeento B.ifyouvisityourgrandparents C.whodidyouspendtheholidaywith D.thatyouwatchedafootballmatch -Kitty,doyouknow_________?-Sure,aboutfortyminutes.A.whendidtheirclassmeetingbegin B.wheretheirclassmeetingwasheld C.howoftentheirclassmeetingisheld D.howlongtheirclassmeetingwilllast -Couldyoupleasetellme________?-Withpleasure.Waitamoment,please,A.ifthescarflookedniceonme B.what'sthenewproductlike C.thatGuilinisworthvisiting D.howicanorderarobotonline翻譯