Unit8核心知識講練-八年級下冊英語單元核心知識講練（牛津譯林版）

八年級下冊英語單元核心知識講練Unit8Agreenworld核心知識講練【講練01】【原文】Moreandmorefamiliesowncarsandthiscausesseriousairpollution.越來越多的家庭擁有汽車，這造成了嚴重的空氣污染?！究键c①】cause動詞：導致、造成cause名詞：原因，thecauseof……的原因；thereasonfor……的理由eg:Carelessnessisthecauseofthefire./Carelessnesscausesthefire.Isthereanyreasonforyourbeinglateagain?【考點②】污染pollute動詞；被污染的polluted形容詞；污染pollution名詞【練習A】 1PeopleinChinawereinahard________before1949.Theydidn’thaveenoughfoodtoeat.A．munication B．pollution C．instruction D．situation2Therearefewerandfewerfishintheriverbecauseof________.A．a(chǎn)ction B．situation C．direction D．pollution3Thesea_________ifpeoplekeepthrowingwastesintoit.A．ispolluted B．waspolluted C．hasbeenpolluted D．willbepolluted4Ifyouwanttoworkouttheproblemofstress,youneedtofindoutthe________first.A．method B．cause C．thought D．suggestion5—Accordingtoarecentsurvey,manystudentshavepooreyesight.—Inmyopinion,readingonmobilephonestoooftenisthe________ofhavingpooreyesight.A．cost B．result C．cause D．example【練習B】6Newtechnology_______tomakesurethatthecars,taxis,busesandtrainsweuse_______theair.A．isused;nottopollute B．hasused;isnotpollutedC．isused;donotpollute D．hasbeenused;topollute7—Ihearlocalpeoplearetryingtopreventsomebusinessesbuildingfactorieshere.—Yes.Theysaytheplace________ifsomefactories________inthefuture.A．willpollute;willbuild B．willbepolluted;willbebuiltC．ispolluted;arebuilt D．willbepolluted;arebuilt8—Thetemperaturestayshighforsomanydays,itmakesusfeelsick.—Thelack(缺少)ofecofriendlyhabitsamongthepublicisthoughttobeamajor________ofglobalclimate(全球氣候)change.A．result B．cause C．spirit D．situation答案：1D2D3D4B5C6C7D8B【講練02】【原文】It’swiseforpeopletochoosepublictransportorridebicycles.人們選擇公共交通工具或騎自行車是明智的?！究键c①】It’sadjforsbtodosth對某人來說做某事是……的。It’sadjofsbtodosth某人是……的，做了某事?！揪唧w內(nèi)容參照《Unit6語法精講》課件】【考點②】choose選擇，動詞；可數(shù)名詞choicechoose(sb)todo選擇（某人）做某事；choosesbas…選擇某人作為…bechosentobe/bechosenas被選為…h(huán)avenochoicebuttodosth別無選擇只能做某事eg:Theteacherwillchooseonestudentastheteamleader.Tomwaschosentobeourmonitor.Wehadnochoicebuttochangeourplan.【練習A】 1InChinaandsomeothercountries,itisimpolite________loudlywhileyouarehavingameal.A．tospeak B．speak C．speaking D．spoke2It’sreallybrave________ChaiJingtotellsomuchtruthtothepublic.A．for B．of C．to D．in3—Tellmeonethingyou’reproudofinyourjuniorhighschool,Tom.—I________ascaptainoftheschoolfootballteam.A．choose B．chose C．a(chǎn)mchosen D．waschosen4ItwasreallygenerousofMark,CEOofFacebook,(donate)mostofhismoneytocharity.5Amongallkindsofdrinks,teaisoneofpeople’sfirsttwo(choose).Peoplelikeitbecauseitisgoodfortheirhealth.6Emilyhadno(choose)buttowaitforhermothertoopenthedoor.7Chinahas(choose)itsownsystemdifferentfromtheWesternmodel,whichisprovedtobemoresuitable.8他別無選擇，只能把工人分成兩組，布置不同層級的任務。Hetheworkersintotwogroupsandgivethemtasksatdifferentlevels.答案：1A2B3D4todonate5choices6choice7chosen8hadnochoicebuttodivide【講練03】【原文】InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.在瑞士，玻璃、塑料和紙張等物品被分成不同的組，然后回收。【考點】separate…into…把……分成……（把多個個體分開）；被動beseparatedinto…某物被分成……separate…from…將……和……分開divided…into…把……分成……（把整體分成若干部分）；被動bedividedinto…某物被分成……eg:Thetwinswereseparatedbythewar.Theydidn’twanttobeseparatedfromeachother.Mumdividedthecakeintosomepieces.【練習A】 1Wehaveto_______Philip_______Johnbecausetheyweretalkingallthetime.A．translate;intoB．divide;intoC．share;withD．separate;from2Thesmallislandisseparated________usonthemap,butitisapartofChina.A．on B．from C．in D．to3TimandJimarefighting.Let’sgoand_______them.A．divide B．mix C．separate D．disturb4Thecakewas________intofourpieces,soeachofthefourchildrencouldhaveonepiece.A．dividedB．separatedC．takenD．dropped【練習B】5Mrs.Chenoften________ourclass________differentgroupsandaskseachgrouptotellstoriesinEnglish.A．divides;into B．connects;with C．pares;with D．separate;into6地理老師告訴我們在泰國一年分為三個季節(jié)。OurgeographyteachertoldusthatayearinThailand.答案：1D2B3C4A5A6isdividedintothreeseasons【講練04】【原文】Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.一些衣服在慈善商店出售，一些送給窮人，另一些則被送到回收工廠?！究键c】charityshops；internationalcharitiesbegiventothepoor送給窮人；thepoor窮人，“the+形容詞”表示一類人，看作復數(shù)besentto送到some…others/theother+名詞復數(shù)，此處的others指的是不特定范圍的“其他（名詞）”；others還可以單獨使用，表示“其他人”some…theothers/theother+名詞復數(shù)，此處的theothers指的是特定范圍的“其他（名詞）”one…theother+名詞單數(shù)，“一個……另一個……”，共有兩個eg:Somestudentslikerunning,andothers/otherstudentsliketennis.（此處others并不是指除somestudents以外的其他所有）Somestudentsareinthedancing,andtheothers/theotherstudentsaresinging.（此處theothers指的是除somestudents以外的其他所有）Onesideofthebookshelfislowerthantheotherside.【練習A】 1UNICEFisoneofthebestwellknown(慈善機構(gòu))thathelppoorchildrenintheworld.2Theconcertwillraisemoneyforlocal(慈善機構(gòu)).3Youngchildrenshouldlearntocarefor_______attheearlyage.A．other B．theothers C．others D．a(chǎn)nother4—WhichofthetwoTshirtswouldyouliketochoose?—Both.ThenIcangiveonetomybrotherandleave_________tomyself.A．a(chǎn)nother B．theother C．other D．others5TimesSquareisagreatplacetovisit.AndBroadwayis_______placewecan’tmisswhenvisitingNewYork.A．other B．theother C．a(chǎn)nother D．others6Somechildrenlovesports,________likewatchingothersdosport.A．a(chǎn)nother B．theother C．other D．others【練習B】7Ofthethreeforeigners,oneisfromChicago,and________twoarefromLondon.A．other B．theothers C．theother D．others8TherearemanywaystoprotectyoufromCOVID19.Oneistowearthemaskwell.________istokeepthesafedistancefromthecrowd.A．Other B．Theother C．Another D．Others9—Thecinemahasreopenednow.Shallwegotoseeafilmtomorrow?—Oh,I’mnotfreetomorrow.Wecanmakeit________time.A．others B．other C．theother D．a(chǎn)nother10這場音樂會將為當?shù)氐拇壬茩C構(gòu)籌集資金，幫助人們度過漫長而寒冷的冬天。Thisconcertwill____________________topullpeoplethroughthelongcoldwinter.11雖然在慈善演出中籌集了大量的資金，但是生活費用上漲了很多，所以我們需要做很多工作來幫助窮人。Althoughagreatdealofmoney___________________,thecostofliving_______________sowewillneedtodomuchworktohelpthepoorpeople.答案：1charities2charities3C4B5C6D7C8C9D10raisemoneyforthelocalcharities11wasraisedatthecharityshow,hasrisenalot【講練05】【原文】Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.例如，我們不允許砍伐樹木?！究键c】allowdoing允許做某事；allowsbtodo允許某人做某事sbbeallowedtodo被允許做某事；此處中文中“被”經(jīng)常不顯示，中譯英時需注意主語eg：Thelawdoesn’tallowcuttingdownforest.Schoolsallowstudentstodressastheylikeatthefashionshow.Studentsaren’tallowedtousemobilephonesatschool.學生在校不（被）允許使用?！揪毩旳】 1實驗室里任何人都不允許制造噪音。Nobodyinthelaboratory.2我們不允許在教室里吃飯。Wedon’tintheclassroom.3Factoriesarenomoreallowed(pollute)theairwithheavysmoke.4Becauseofthepollution,thelocalgovernmentdidn’tallow(set)upanewfactory.5Theboy’sfatherdidn’tallowhim(play)outsideafter6p.m.6Teenagersshouldnotbeallowed(have)parttimejobs.7Passengersarenotallowed(eat)ordrinkwhentheytaketheunderground.【練習B】8.如果你不戴口罩，就不允許上公交車。Ifyoudon’twearamask,youthebus.9.IfMaryfinishesthejobintime,she(allow)tohavetwoweeksoff.答案：1isallowedtomakenoise2alloweating3topollute4toset5toplay6tohave7toeatwillnotbeallowedtogeton9willbeallowed【講練06】【原文】Otherwise,wewillbepunished.否則，我們將受到懲罰?！究键c①】willbepunished是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)“willbedone”eg:IwillbepunishedbymyfatherifIdon’tgetanAinMath.【具體內(nèi)容參照《Unit6語法精講》課件】【考點②】otherwise否則，后加逗號，再接句子eg:Otherwise,theymaynothelpyouagain.【考點③】punish動詞：懲罰，易混淆publish（出版）；名詞：punishmentbepunishedby被……懲罰punishsbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而處罰某人eg:Hewaspunishedbyhismotherforfailingthephysicsexamoncemore.【練習A】 1Driversmustbe(懲罰)iftheydriveafterdrinking.2Theticketsyouarelookingforwardto(sell)outsoonifyoudon’torderthemnow.3Moretrees(cut)downifmorepaperisneededinthefuture.4Thepublishinghousesaysthisbook(translate)intoItaliannextyear.【練習B】5Not(懲罰)childrenfortheirmistakesinbothstudyandbehaviorcan’timprovethem.6湯姆竭盡全力避免懲罰，但是失敗了。Tomdidallhecouldbutfailed.答案：1punished2willbesold3willbecut4willbetranslated5punishing6toavoidallthepunishment【講練07】【原文】Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.我們依靠其豐富的資源生存，因此明智地保護它很重要?！究键c①】dependonsb/sth依靠、依賴eg:Wecannotalwaysdependonourparents,weneedtolearntotakecareofourselves.on的?？级陶Z有：puton穿上、上演；carryondoing/withsth繼續(xù)；goon繼續(xù)；geton上車【考點②】resource資源，可數(shù)名詞；naturalresource自然資源；eg:Weneedtoprotectnaturalresourcesandusetheminaproperway.【練習A】 1自然是我們最大的財富，我們依靠她的資源生存。Natureisour,weitsresourcestolive.2人們可以通過循環(huán)利用來節(jié)約資源。Peoplecan.3Don’t________yourparentstoomuch.Youshouldlearntolookafteryourself.A．dependon B．carryon C．tryon D．puton【練習B】4他們從小就被教導要依靠自己。They____________________________fromanearlyage.5在閱讀時，我們不必依靠字典。Wedon’t_____________________.Usually,thelinesaboveandbelowwilltellyouthemeaningofanewword.答案：1greatesttreasure,dependon2saveresoursesbyrecycling3A4aretaughttodependonthemselves5havetodependonthedictionarywhilereading【講練08】【原文】Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrunout.這些新型能源成本很低，而且永遠不會用完。【考點】sthrunout某物耗盡、用完；無被動runoutofsth用光、耗盡某物；有被動eg：Wehaven’trunoutofbutter.However,honeyhasrunout.out相關(guān)詞組：putout撲滅；handout分發(fā)；giveout分發(fā)；eout出來、出版；workout算出、解決；findout發(fā)現(xiàn)、查明；sellout賣光；sendout發(fā)出、派遣；carryout執(zhí)行；turnout證明【練習A】 1Theenergyfromthesunandwindisverycheapanditwillnever________.A．eout B．runout C．putout D．carryout2—Wouldyoupleasehelpme________theseleaflets(傳單)forthespeech?

—Noproblem.A．putout B．handout C．runout D．eout3—TheoilontheEarthwill________oneday.—Ithinkso.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.A．findout B．takeout C．runout D．giveout【練習B】4—Dear,pleasegetsomefruitbeforeit________.—OK.I’llgotothesupermarketrightaway.A．runsout B．isrunout C．isrunningout D．willberunout5成千上萬的物資每天被捐往災區(qū)，以防止物資耗盡。Thousandsofgoodshedisasterareatopreventgoodseveryday.答案：1B2B3C4A5aredonatedto,fromrunningout【講練9】【原文】Rememberthateveryonecandosomethingtomakeadifference!記住，每個人都可以有所作為！Followthesesmallsteps,andyoucanmakeabigdifferencetotheEarth!遵循這些小步驟，你就能對地球產(chǎn)生巨大的影響！【考點①】makeadifference有影響、起作用makea(big)differencetosb/sth對……有（很大）影響、起（很大）作用makeno/littledifferenceto對…沒有/幾乎沒有影響；makemuchdifferenceto對…有很大影響eg:Ouractionscanmakeadifference,nomatterhowsmalltheymayseem.Theraindidn’tmakemuchdifferencetothematch.【考點②】followthesesmallsteps遵循這些步驟takethefollowingsteps采取下列一些措施takesteps/action(s)todosth.采取措施做某事【練習A】 1Whatwedidwill________theenvironment.A．makeadifferenceB．takeadifferenceC．makeadifferencetoD．takeadifferenceto2—Infact,everyonecandosomethingto________toourenvironment.—Yes,Idon’tthinkweshouldthrowawaythewaste________.A．makedifference;carefully B．makedifferences;carefulC．makeadifference;carelessly D．makeafewdifferences;careless3—Idon’tthinkIcanmakeit!—eon.Athousandmilejourneybeginswiththefirst________.A．step B．break C．finger D．skill4Weshouldtakethree________toprotecttheenvironmenthere.A．a(chǎn)dvice B．knowledge C．steps D．chances5老師的話對我的學習產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。Whattheteachersaidtomystudy.【練習B】6你認為王老師的話會對最后的決定產(chǎn)生影響嗎？DoyouthinkMrsWang’swordswould?7父母的主意能對孩子的決定產(chǎn)生影響，但是主要取決于他們自己的想法。Parents’ideascan__________________,butit____________________theirownmind.答案：1C2C3A4C5makes/madeabigdifference6makeadifferencetothefinaldecision7makeadifferencetochildren’schoice,mostlydependon【講練10】【原文】Coal,oilandnaturalgasisnotonlyusefulforfamilies,buthaveawideruseforfactories.煤炭、石油和天然氣不僅對家庭有用，對工廠也有更廣泛的用途?！究键c①】beusefulfor對…有用；haveawideuse有廣泛用途eg:—IsAIusefulforourwork?—Yes,ithasawideuseforus.【考點②】notonly…but(also)…不僅……而且……；若作主語，符合“就近原則”eg:NotonlymyparentsbutalsomyfriendJoyceoftentakespartinvolunteerworkincharities.【練習A】 1NotonlyIbutalsomyfriend(be)interestedinfootballandMessiisourfavouritestar.2Notonlymymotherbutalsomy