2023年美國(guó)半導(dǎo)體產(chǎn)業(yè)狀況（英）-SIA-2024-28正式版

STATEOFTHEU.S.

SEMICONDUCTOR

INDUSTRY

TABLEOFCONTENTS

2INTRODUCTION

3CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION

9WORKFORCEANDMANUFACTURINGINDUSTRIALBASE

11GOVERNMENTSRACETODEVELOPCHIPINCENTIVES

15GEOPOLITICALTENSIONS&THESEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY

16THEGLOBALSEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY

18SEMICONDUCTORDEMANDDRIVERS

20U.S.INDUSTRYMARKETSHARE

21U.S.TECHNOLOGYCOMPETITIVENESS

24U.S.SEMICONDUCTORINNOVATIONPOLICYLANDSCAPE

INTRODUCTION

SEMICONDUCTORSFORMTHEFOUNDATIONOFTHEDIGITAL

ECONOMY,ENABLINGINNOVATIONSTHATMAKETHEWORLD

SMARTER,GREENER,MOREEFFICIENT,ANDBETTERCONNECTED.

WITHUPTOTENSOFBILLIONSOFTRANSISTORSONASINGLECHIP,

PRODUCINGTHESECOMPLEXDEVICESISAMARVELOFMODERN

TECHNOLOGY,MADEPOSSIBLEBYTHESYNCHRONOUSSYNERGYOF

HIGHLYADVANCEDRESEARCH,DESIGN,ANDMANUFACTURING.

In2023,thesemiconductorindustry’simportance

totheworldcontinuestogrow,aschipsbecomean

evengreaterpresenceintheessentialtechnologies

oftoday—andgiverisetothetransformative

technologiesoftomorrow.Inall,morethan1trillion

semiconductorsweresoldgloballylastyear,atotalso

highthatifyoustackedthemoneontopofanother,

theywouldreachhigherintotheskythanthe

maximumcruisingaltitudeforcommercialaircraft.

Aschipdemandrises,countriesaroundtheworld

havebeenrampingupgovernmentinvestments

toluresemiconductorproductionandinnovation

totheirshores.In2022,theU.S.government

steppeduptomeetthischallenge,enacting

thelandmarkCHIPSandScienceActtoprovide

neededsemiconductorresearchinvestmentsand

manufacturingincentives.andreinforceAmerica’s

economy,nationalsecurity,andsupplychains.

SincetheCHIPSActwasintroduced,companiesfrom

aroundtheworldhaverespondedenthusiastically,

announcingdozensofnewsemiconductorecosystem

projectsintheU.S.totalingwellover$200billionin

privateinvestments.Theseprojectswillcreatetens

ofthousandsofdirectjobsinthesemiconductor

ecosystemandwillsupporthundredsofthousands

ofadditionaljobsthroughouttheU.S.economy.

ImplementationoftheCHIPSActhasbegunin

earnestin2023,andSIAseekstoplayaconstructive

roletoensurethenewlawreturnsmaximumbenefits

forAmerica’seconomy,nationalsecurity,andsupply

chainresilience.

Althoughthefutureholdstremendouspromisefor

thesemiconductorindustry,italsopresentsarange

ofchallenges.U.S.-Chinatensionscontinuetoimpact

theglobalsupplychain,forexample,spurringnew

governmentcontrolsonsalesofchipstoChina,the

world’slargestsemiconductormarket.Andother

significantpolicychallengesremain,includingthe

needtoenactpoliciestoreinforceU.S.leadership

insemiconductordesign,strengthentheU.S.

semiconductorworkforcebyreformingAmerica’s

high-skilledimmigrationandSTEMeducation

systems,andpromotefreetradeandaccessto

globalmarkets.Inaddition,whiletheglobalchip

shortagehaseased,macroeconomicheadwinds

andmarketcyclicalityhavecausedashort-term

downturninsales,whichisprojectedtolinger

throughouttheyear.

Despitethesechallenges,thelong-termoutlookfor

thisfoundationalindustryremainsstrong.That’s

becausemovingforward,theworldwillneedmore

andbettersemiconductorstopowereverythingfrom

appliancesandairlinerstoautonomouscarsand

artificialintelligence.Forsocietytoadvance,sotoo

mustchiptechnology.

In2023,witheffectivegovernmentpoliciesand

continuedhardworkandingenuityinourindustry,

thesemiconductorsectorwillcontinuetogrow,

innovate,andbuildabrighterfuturefortheworld.

2|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION

EnactmentoftheCHIPSandScienceActinAugust2022wasanhistoric

steptowardreinvigoratingsemiconductorproductionandinnovationinthe

U.S.Thisyear,implementationofthenewlawhasbeguninearnest,and

theU.S.DepartmentofCommercehasmadegreatstridesinthisprocess.

TheCHIPSProgramOffice(CPO)releaseditsfirstNoticeofFunding

Opportunity(NOFO)inMarch,providingsemiconductorcompanieswiththe

informationneededtosubmitapplicationstoreceiveCHIPSincentivesto

constructorexpandcommercialfabricationfacilities,includingforleading-

edgesemiconductors,current-generationandmaturenodes,andback-end

manufacturingprocesses.TheCPOreleasedasecondfundingopportunity

forprojectsover$300millioninvolvingthemanufacturingofsemiconductor

manufacturingequipmentandmaterialsinJune.Afundingopportunityfor

supplychainprojectsbelow$300millionisexpectedinthefall.AfinalNOFO

forprojectsinvolvingR&Dfacilitieswillbereleasedinthefall.

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|3

CHIPSINVESTMENTS

TheCommerceDepartmentannouncedthatasofMay2023,ithadreceivedover400statementsofinterest

(SOIs)forCHIPSprojects,reflectingtheexpansiveinterestintheCHIPSincentivesprogramacrossthewhole

supplychain.SincetheintroductionoftheCHIPSActin2020,dozensofprojectsacross20stateshavebeen

announced,resultinginwellover$200billionofinvestment.Theseprojectswillcreatetensofthousands

ofnew,high-qualityjobsintheU.S.semiconductorecosystemalone,aswellashundredsofthousandsof

supportedjobsthroughoutthebroaderU.S.economy.Astheapplicationprocessproceeds,thenumberof

announcedprojectsisexpectedtogrow,supportingthesemiconductorecosystemnationwide.

U.S.SEMICONDUCTORECOSYSTEM

Semiconductors

Equipment

Materials

UniversityR&DPartner

4|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION

THECHIPSACTINACTION

TheCommerceDepartmenthasstartedissuingthekeyguidancedocumentsthatwillshapetheprogram.

CommerceissuedaproposedruleforimplementationoftheCHIPS“guardrails,”whichrestrictcertain

expansionsofsemiconductormanufacturingincountriesofconcernandengagementincertainjoint

researchandtechnologylicensingeffortswithentitiesofconcern.TheCommerceDepartmentalso

releasedanenvironmentalquestionnaire,whereapplicantswillprovidetheCPOwithinformationregarding

theenvironmentalimpactsoftheproposedproject,whichwilldeterminethelevelofnecessaryfederal

environmentalreview.ApplicantswillalsobeexpectedtoprovideCommercewithfinancialmodelsthat

demonstratethecommercialviabilityoftheprojectthroughoutthelifeofthefacility.

ToensurethegoalsoftheCHIPSActarerealized,applicantsarecraftingcomprehensiveworkforce

developmentplanstoensurethesenewandexpandedfacilitieshavethetalentneededtosucceed.State

andlocalpartners,includinguniversitiesandcommunitycolleges,areengagingwithapplicantstosupport

projectsintheirrespectiveregions.

SIAsupportscontinuedefficient,effective,andtransparentimplementationoftheCHIPSincentives

program,andlooksforwardtofurthercollaborationwiththeCommerceDepartmenttoensurethesuccess

oftheCHIPSAct.

THECHIPSACTINACTION

SemiconductorsupplychainmanufacturinginvestmentsannouncedfromMay2020toJune2023

Semiconductors

Equipment

Materials

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|5

CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION

INVESTMENTTAXCREDIT

TheCHIPSActestablisheda25%advanced

manufacturinginvestmenttaxcredit,tobe

implementedbytheU.S.DepartmentofTreasury

andsetforthinsection48DoftheInternalRevenue

Code.CoupledwiththeCHIPSgrants,these

incentiveswilllowerthecostgapbetweeninvesting

intheU.S.andinvestingabroad,whilegenerating

greaterbenefitstotheU.S.economy,national

security,supplychain,andtechnologyleadership.

Toimplementtheadvancedmanufacturing

investmenttaxcredit,theInternalRevenueService

(IRS)andtheTreasuryDepartmentissueda

proposedrulemakingsettingforththeparameters

forclaimingthecredit,includingprovisionsto

recapturethecreditifcompaniesmakesignificant

investmentsorexpansionsofmanufacturing

facilitiesinChina.Theregulationsareexpectedto

befinalizedlaterthisyear.

6|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION

STRENGTHENINGTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORWORKFORCE

TheU.S.economyfacesasignificantshortage

ofskilledworkers,whichposeschallengesto

U.S.economicgrowth,technologyleadership,

andtonationalsecurity.Thisshortageimpacts

thesemiconductorindustryandalltechnology

reliantindustries,includingkeytechnologiesof

thefuture–cleanenergy,medicaltechnology,

artificialintelligence,cybersecurity,next-generation

communications,aerospace,automotive,and

advancedmanufacturing.Addressingthisskilled

workforcechallengemustbecomeanational

priority.SemiconductorIndustryAssociation(SIA)

commissionedareportfromOxfordEconomics,a

leading,independenteconomicadvisoryfirm,to

investigatetheskilledworkforcechallengesfacing

theU.S.semiconductorindustryinthecontextof

economy-widechallenges.

ThereportprojectstheU.S.chipindustry’s

workforcewillgrowbynearly115,000jobsby

2030,fromapproximately345,000jobstoday

toapproximately460,000jobsbytheendofthe

decade,representing33%growth.Thereport

estimatesthatroughly67,000riskgoingunfilled

atcurrentdegreecompletionrates,or58%of

projectednewjobs.These67,000unfilledjobsalso

representapproximately80%oftheprojectnew

jobsintechnicalfields(technicians,engineering,

andcomputerscience).Ofthistotalworkforce

shortage,weestimategapsof26,400technicians,

27,300engineers,and13,400computerscientistsby

2030.Amongengineers,9,900areatthebachelor’s

level(35%),12,300areatthemaster’slevel(47%),

and5,100areatthePhDlevel(18%).

Addressingtheshortageoftrainedandeducated

workers–boththroughoutthebroadereconomy

andinthesemiconductorindustryinparticular

–shouldbeanationalpriority.Atstakeisour

continuedeconomicandtechnologyleadership,our

globalcompetitiveness,andournationalsecurity.

Thereportrecommends:

1.Strengtheningsupportforregionalpartnerships

andprogramsaimedatgrowingthepipeline

forskilledtechniciansforsemiconductor

manufacturingandotheradvanced

manufacturingsectors.

2.GrowingthedomesticSTEMpipelinefor

engineersandcomputerscientistsvitaltothe

semiconductorindustryandothersectorsthat

arecriticaltothefutureeconomy.

3.Retainingandattractingmoreinternational

engineeringstudentswithintheU.S.economy.

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|7

CHIPSIMPLEMENTATION

THENATIONALSEMICONDUCTOR

TECHNOLOGYCENTER

AcorecomponentoftheR&Dinvestmentsmade

bytheCHIPSandScienceActistheNational

SemiconductorTechnologyCenter(NSTC).The

NSTCwasauthorizedinthe2021NationalDefense

AuthorizationAct(NDAA)asapublic-private

consortiumestablishedjointlybytheSecretariesof

DefenseandCommercewiththegoalofconducting

advancedsemiconductormanufacturing,design,

andpackagingresearchandprototyping.Additional

clarificationwasgrantedregardingthestructure

andtechnicalgoalsoftheNSTCinApril2023ina

whitepaperreleasedbytheNationalInstituteof

StandardsandTechnology.

AlthoughthefullscopeandstructureoftheNSTC

willbedeterminedlaterin2023,theCommerce

whitepapersetsforththeoveralldirectionof

theNSTC.TheNSTCconsortiumwillberunbya

new,independent,non-profitentitywhichwillbe

governedbyaBoardofTrusteeswhowillselect

andempoweraCEO.TheBoardofTrusteeswillbe

determinedbyanindependentselectioncommittee.

TheNSTCwillalsoconveneatechnicaladvisory

boardfromindustry,academia,andgovernmentto

determinethetechnologyagenda.Therewillbea

uniquelyidentifiedheadquarterswhichwillserveas

aprominentgatheringplacefortheoveralleffort

andwillservefunctionsofexecutiveleadership,

governmentrelations,andfinancialandlegal

operationsalongsideageographicallydistributed

networkofresearchandengineeringcapabilitiesat

connectedtechnicalcenters.

OPERATINGSTRUCTURE

MemberAdvisorsNSTCConsortium

General

Technical

Workforce

NSTCNonprofitOperatorBoard

ofTrustees&CEO

Headquarters

Administration

Research

WorkforcePrograms

VentureFund

MemberServices

USGRelations

Convenings

CHIPSR&DOffice

Funding,oversight,

support

TechnicalCenters

Examples:Prototyping

facility,affiliateduniversity

labs,specializedequipment

access,etc.

Affiliated

facility

Affiliated

facility

Affiliated

facility

Advanced

packagingfacility

(incoordination

withNAPMP)

Source:CHIPSResearchand

DevelopmentOffice,AVision

andStrategyfortheNational

SemiconductorTechnologyCenter.

April25,2023

Thesetechnicalcenterswillcollectivelyprovide

accesstoabaselineofprototypingandscaling

capabilities.Keyareasoffocuswillinclude:

leadingedge,trailingedge,andlegacyCMOS

manufacturing;highqualityprocessingof

novelmaterials;powerelectronicsmaterials

andmanufacturing;RF,analog,andmixed

signalmanufacturing;photonicsmaterialsand

manufacturing;micro-electromechanicalsystems;

bioelectronics;anddesigntooldevelopment.The

NSTCwillalsoseektoofferacloud-baseddesign

enablementgatewaytoserveasafocalpointfor

fablessR&Dneeds.Furtherdecisionsregardingthe

structure,geographicdistribution,andtechnical

focuswillbedeterminedthroughout2023and2024

asNSTCleadershipisidentifiedandempowered.

8|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

WORKFORCEAND

MANUFACTURING

INDUSTRIALBASE

Havingacompetitivedomesticworkforceandmanufacturingcapabilitiesarecritical

toAmerica’sleadinsemiconductors.Inaddition,astrongdomesticsemiconductor

industryisessentialtotheU.S.economy.Thesemiconductorindustryhasa

considerableeconomicfootprintintheU.S.Roughly345,000peopleworkinthe

industry,designing,manufacturing,testing,andconductingR&Donsemiconductors

throughout49states.Over300downstreameconomicsectorsaccountingforover26

millionU.S.workersareconsumersofandarethereforeenabledbysemiconductors

fortheirsectors.

ThepositiveimpactofthesemiconductorindustryontheAmericanworkforce.

TheU.S.semiconductorindustryisessentialto

theU.S.economy,providinginputstonearlyevery

industryintheU.S.stimulatingjobs,andpaying

incometoworkers.Intotal,theU.S.semiconductor

industrysupportedover2.3millionU.S.jobsin2022.

Theindustrydirectlyemploysmorethan345,000

domesticworkersinR&D,design,andmanufacturing

activities,amongothers.Inaddition,foreachU.S.

workerdirectlyemployedbythesemiconductor

industry,anadditional5.7jobsaresupportedinthe

widerU.S.economy,eitherinthesupplychainsof

thesemiconductorindustryorthroughthewage

spendingofthoseemployedbythefirmsthemselves

oftheirsupplychains.

Machinerymfg.

30,000

EDA

9,000

Devicemfg.

206,000

Design

100,000

345,000

totaljobs

050,000100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000

Employment

Source:CES,QCEW,OxfordEconomics

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|9

TheU.S.semiconductorindustryaccountsforoveraquarterofamillion

directU.S.jobsandnearly2millionadditionalindirectandinducedU.S.jobs.

345,000

directjobsintheU.S.

semiconductorindustry

ONE

U.S.semiconductor

jobsupports

...that’snearly

2,000,000

ADDITIONAL

5.7

jobsinotherpartsin

theU.S.economy...

Americanjobs

10|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

GOVERNMENTSRACETODEVELOPCHIPINCENTIVES

Supplychainresilienceremainsthetoppriorityfortheglobalsemiconductorindustry.

Globalgovernmentscontinuetotakeproactivestepstobuilddomesticchipecosystems

andincreasemarketcompetitiveness.GovernmentsinAsia,Europe,andtheAmericas

arecontinuingtoadvancetheirownversionsoftheCHIPSandScienceAct,creating

ambitiouspackagesofsubsidiesandtaxincentivesforsemiconductorR&Dand

manufacturing.Coordinatingwithgovernmentefforts,companieshaverespondedwith

large-scaleinvestmentsinresearchandworkforcedevelopment.

TheEuropeanUnion:InApril2023,theEuropean

Commissionpassedthe“EUChipsAct,”aplanto

doublethecontinent’sshareinglobalchipproduction

by2030throughmobilizing$47billioninpublicand

privateinvestment.Theplanwasexpandedfrom

itsoriginaltargetofadvancedchipmanufacturing

technologytoincludetheentirevaluechain,

includingolderchipsandR&Dfacilities.

China:Semiconductorsplayacriticalroleinthe

Chinesegovernment’sagendatodevelopits

domesticintegratedcircuit(IC)industry.Aspart

ofitsefforts,theChinesegovernmentplacednew

incometaxexemptionsforadvancedtechnology

processnodes,establishedimportdutyexemptions

forICmanufacturers,andresumedoperationsofthe

“BigFund,”China’s$50billion-plusstateinvestment

fundforchips.ChinaalsoestablishedanewNational

Science&TechnologyCommissionledbythePartyto

coordinateitseffortsintheindustry.

Japan:InDecember2022,theJapanesegovernment

announced$500millionininitialfundingforRapidus,

followedbyanadditionalr$2.3billionallocation

inApril2023Rapidusisastate-organizedjoint

chipventurewitheightdomesticpartnersthat

aimstoachievecommercialproductionof2nm

chipsby2027.InFebruary2023,theJapanese

governmentapproveda$2.8billionsupplementto

theannualbudgettosubsidizeprivateinvestments

inchipmakingequipment,rawmaterials,powerchips,

andmicrocontrollers.

SouthKorea:InMarch2023,theKoreangovernment

passedthe“K-ChipsAct,”providing15%taxcredits

forlargecorporationsand25%forsmallandmedium

enterprisesinkeynationalstrategicindustries,

includingsemiconductors.InApril2023,theMinistry

ofTrade,Industry,andEnterpriseannounced

plansfortheIndustrialTransformationSuper

Project,whichwillallocate70%ofitsR&Dbudget–

approximately$4.7billion–tocoreindustrialsectors

likesemiconductors.

Taiwan:InJanuary2023,theTaiwanesegovernment

passedamendmentstotheStatuteforIndustrial

Innovation,dubbedthe“TaiwanChipsAct.”The

legislationwilloffer25%taxreductionsforR&Dand

5%fornewequipmentpurchases.

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|11

GOVERNMENTSRACETODEVELOPCHIPINCENTIVES

India:InSeptember2022,theIndiangovernment

revampedtheir$10billionProductionLinked

Incentive(PLI)schemetoprovideupto50%co-

fundingforprojectcostsofbuildingsemiconductor

fabsanddisplayfabs.

SoutheastAsia:ThegovernmentsofMalaysia,the

Philippines,Singapore,Vietnam,andThailandhave

introducedincentivepackagestoattractforeign

semiconductorcompanyinvestments.

Overthepastyear,SIAstaffhavemadeseveral

internationaltripstolearnmoreaboutthese

programsanddiscussdeepeninginvestmentties.

InAugust2022,SIAledadelegationofmember

companyexecutivestoparticipateinaconference

inMexicoCitytopromotethegrowthofbilateral

supplychains.InJanuary2023,SIAtraveled

toSoutheastAsia,visitingSingapore,Vietnam,

Thailand,thePhilippines,andMalysia.SIAhas

visitedIndiaseveraltimesoverthepastyearto

encourageIndia’sexpandingroleintheglobal

semiconductorvaluechainandsupporttheU.S.-

IndiainitiativeonCriticalandEmergingTechnology

(iCET).SIAteammembershavealsomade

productivetripstoEuropeandTaiwan.

Thescaleofglobalincentivespackagesrepresents

thestrategicsignificanceofsemiconductorsin

nationalandeconomicsecuritynarratives.Healthy

competitioncaninnovatetheindustryanddiversify

thesupplychaintobecomemoreresilientto

exteriorshocksandreducemarketvulnerabilities.

Governmentsaroundtheworld,however,should

beexchanginginformationontheirprograms

tostrengthentheirchipindustriestopromote

efficienciesandavoidredundancies.

12|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

GOVERNMENTSRACETODEVELOPCHIPINCENTIVES

NORTHAMERICANSEMICONDUCTORCORRIDOR

TheNorthAmericanSemiconductorCorridor

(NASC)ispartofamajorefforttorebalanceand

rebuildsemiconductorsupplychainsinthewestern

hemisphere.Coretothisisthe$52billionCHIPSAct,

whichhasalreadyspurredmorethan$200billion

innewinvestmentcommitments.TheUnitedStates,

however,cannotdothisonourown,andweneedto

workcloselywithpartnersandalliestostrengthen

globalsemiconductorsupply-chainresiliency.The

NASCwaslaunchedatthelastNorthAmerica

Leaders’SummitonJanuary10,2023.Oneofthe

keydriversbehindthelaunchofNorthAmerican

SemiconductorCorridorwastheCOVID-19induced

globalsemiconductorshortage,whilenoweasing,

hitanumberofindustrieshard.Bybuildingupthe

semiconductorindustrywithinNorthAmerica,the

regioncanimprovetheresilienceofitstechnology

supplychainsbyhavingagreatershareofthevalue-

chainlocatedwithintheregion.

Eachcountrybringsadvantagesandstrengthstothe

partnership.ThehopeoftheNASCistocoordinate

effortsacrosstheregion,especiallyintheareaof

workforcetraininganddevelopment,establishing

linkagesforresearchcenters,coordinatinggovernmentincentivesforthesemiconductor

industry,andpromotingenvironmentalprotections

intheareaofcriticalmineralsnecessaryforthe

manufactureofsemiconductors.

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|13

GOVERNMENTSRACETODEVELOPCHIPINCENTIVES

GLOBALSEMICONDUCTORMARKETSAND

INTERNATIONALPARTNERSHIPS

TheImportanceofGlobalMarketsand

InternationalCooperation

Thesemiconductorindustryisoneofthemost

globallyintegratedindustries,spanningdozensof

nationswiththousandsofsuppliers.SIAandits

membersarecommittedtorebuildingAmerican

supplychains,furtherpromotingmoreaccessto

globalmarkets,andfacilitatingincreasedglobaltrade

throughdeeperinternationalcollaborationwithall

keypartnersandnations.SIAiscurrentlyleading

effortstopromoteglobalindustrycooperation

andexpandglobalmarketsthroughtheWorld

SemiconductorCouncil(WSC)andtheWorldTrade

Organization(WTO).

WorldSemiconductorCouncil(WSC)

Establishedin1996,theWorldSemiconductor

Council(WSC)isaforumthatcomprisesthe

semiconductorindustriesofChina,ChineseTaipei,

theEU,Japan,Korea,andtheU.S.,todiscuss

sharedindustryandgovernmentinitiativesand

policiestoensureourindustryremainshealthy.

Fewindustrieshavesuchabody,andfromday

one,theWSChasbeenashiningexampleofour

industry’scommitmenttointernationalcooperation

andpoliciesthatfosterfairnessandopenness

inthesemiconductorindustry.Forexample,the

WSChassuccessfullypromotedatariff-freeglobal

environmentforthetradeofsemiconductor

products,includingaddingMulti-Componentand

Multi-ChipandMulti-ComponentPackages(MCOs

andMCPs)totheWTO’sInformationTechnology

Agreement.Mostrecently,thecooperationamong

WSCmemberswascriticaltokeepingsemiconductor

operationsupandrunningduringCOVIDforced

closures.Thistypeofstrongrelationshipsandtrust

builtthroughtheWSCisessentialinensuringour

globalindustrycontinuetoprosper.

InformationTechnologyAgreement

SIA,togetherwithmorethan40otherglobal

associationsfromaroundtheworld,continues

tocallfortheWTOtoexpandtheInformation

TechnologyAgreement(ITA)again.TheITAwas

originallylaunchedbytheWTOin1997toeliminate

tariffsonabroadswathoftechproductsfromcell

phonestocomputers.WhileITA-2(theprevious

roundofproductexpansion)capturedanimpressive

$1.3trillionintechtradein2015,notasingle

additionalproducthasbeenaddedtotheagreement

intheensuingeightyears,eventhoughthetech

sectorisburstingwithinnovationanddemandfor

digitaltechnologiesisgrowingexponentially.The

globalindustrymustworktogethertopressfor

anotherproductexpansiontotheWTO’sITA.This

ismoreimportantthanever,astariffelimination

willmakeaffordableandinnovativeproductsmore

accessibleintheglobalmarket,includingthosethat

areessentialtodealwithclimatechange,facilitate

remoteworkandlearning,andsaveandextendlives.

14|SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRYASSOCIATION

GEOPOLITICALTENSIONS

&THESEMICONDUCTOR

INDUSTRY

U.S.andChinaarekeyplayersinthesemiconductorglobalsupplychainthatdrive

industryinnovationandmarketexpansion.Chinaisthesinglelargestmarketfor

semiconductorsaccountingfor36%ofsalesforU.S.companies.Risingtensions

inU.S.-Chinarelationsposebothshort-termandlong-termriskstosupply

chainresilience,marketaccess,andultimatelythecompetitivenessoftheU.S.

semiconductorindustrialbase.

Bothcountrieshaveannouncedunprecedented

investmentsandpoliciestogrowtheirdomestic

semiconductorecosystemsandensureeconomic

andnationalsecurity.Semiconductorshaveplayeda

centralroleinbilateraltensions,andgiventherecent

economicandgeopoliticalchallenges,havebecome

thesubjectofvariousrestrictivepoliciesthathave

impededtheabilityofU.S.companiestocompeteon

alevelplayingfieldintheChinamarket.

Attheendoftheday,astrongsemiconductor

industryisgroundedinavirtuousinnovationcycle

thatreliesonaccesstoglobalmarketsthatcan

supportthescaleofR&Dinvestments.Without

accesstotheseglobalmarkets,U.S.companies

losethescalenecessarytofinancebothcapital

expansionsandresearchanddevelopmentherein

theUnitedStates.Atthesametime,theindustry

understandstheneedforanarrowlytailoredand

multilateralapproachtotraderestrictionsthatcan

addressthediscretenationalsecurityconcernsand

supplychainvulnerabilities,whileatthesametime

ensuringcommercialcompetitivenessoftheU.S.

semiconductorindustry.

2023STATEOFTHEU.S.SEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY|15

THEGLOBALSEMICONDUCTORINDUSTRY

Overthepastthreedecades,thesemiconductorindustryhasexperiencedrapid

growthanddeliveredenormouseconomicimpact.Chipperformanceandcost

improvementsmadepossibletheevolutionfrommainframestoPCsinthe1990s,

theWebandonlineservicesinthe2000s,andthesmartphonerevolutioninthe

2010s.Thesechip-enabledinnovationshavecreatedincredibleeconomicbenefits.For

example,from1995to2015anestimated$3trillioninglobalGDPhasbeendirectly

attributedtosemiconductorinnovation,alongwithanadditional$11trillioninindirect

impact.Semiconductorshavebecomeessentialtoourmodernworld,whichiswhy

long-termmarketdemandforsemiconductorsremainsstrong.

The2022marketgrewthroughthefirsthalfoftheyearbutduetoweaker

thanexpecte