上海大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期10月診斷測試英語試題（含聽力）

2022學(xué)年第一學(xué)期上大附中10月診斷測試高二年級英語試卷(滿分100分，90分鐘完成。)I.Listeningprehension(20分)SectionA(10分)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Heisangry.B.Heisexhausted.C.Heishungry.D.Heisdisappointed.2.A.Gooverhislessons.B.Attendtheparty.C.Eatoutwithfriends.D.Takethefinalexam.3.A.Sheismostlikelytobearrested.B.Shehasforgottentocallthepolice.C.Shemayhavelostherdrivinglicense.D.Sheislyingtothepoliceofficer.4.A.Billbrokehispromise.B.MumwillprobablyrewardBill.C.Billfailedinthetest.D.MumisworriedaboutBill’swork.5.A.Makearecoveryplan.B.Gobacktowork.C.Dropoutofschool.D.Quitherpresentjob.6.A.Shegavehimalifthomeagain.B.Sheofferedhimanextraroom.C.Shetreatedhimwellatherhome.D.Shesparedmuchtimeforhim.7.A.Shedoesn’thavetimetofindanewflat.B.Shehasnotpaidenoughrentinadvance.C.Sheisunlikelytogiveuptheniceflat.D.Shewantstodecoratetheflatduringtheholiday.8.A.Extremesports.B.Travelinsurance.C.Bungeejumping.D.Divingsafety.9.A.ShelikesPhillips’singingverymuch.B.Sheappreciatesotherkindsofmusicals.C.Sheenjoysthechangesofhismusicals.D.SheadmiresothersingersmorethanPhillips.10.A.Americanstudentsaretootalkativeinclass.B.ItishardtolearnalotinanAmericanschool.C.Onecanjoininschoolingindifferentways.D.Activeparticipationisgreatlyencouraged.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Oneshouldwaitforthingstohappenbeforeleaving.B.Oneshouldremainsilentwhenthingsaregettinghard.C.Oneshouldtrytotakecontrolofthedifficultsituation.D.Oneshouldturntootherpeopleforinstanthelp.12.A.Bymotivatinghimselftotakeaction.B.Byseekinghelpfromhisfriends.C.Bythinkingofthemeaningoflife.D.Bytakinggoodcareofhimself.13.A.Lifeisnotalwayspeacefulanditisfullofterribleaccidents.B.Keepapositiveattitudeandfocusonsurvivalwhateverhappens.C.Advancedequipmentistheessentialfactorinsurvivingcrises.D.Bereadytogetimmediateassistancewhenlostinthejungle.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.In1969.B.In2012.C.In1976.D.In2016.15.A.SuggestedcreatingauniversityofscienceandtechnologyinEgypt.B.HelpedmanyEgyptianscientiststobeawardedtheNobelPrize.C.DevelopedcooperationwiththeUniversityofCaliforniaintheU.S.D.ProvidedexcellentEgyptianstudentswithmorefinancialsupport.16.A.ForhisrelationshipwithEgyptianPresident.B.Forhisacademicperformanceintechnology.C.ForhisgoodserviceintheEgyptianArmy.D.ForhisoutstandingcontributionstoEgypt.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Itoffersdifferentopinionsonoldage.B.Itisabouthowtokeephealthyinoldage.C.Itinvestigatesthecausesoftheagingproblem.DItrevealsthesecretsoflivinglonger.18.A.Theoldarethoughttobehealthybutlonely.B.Theoldarereportedtobepoorbuthappy.C.Theoldareregardedasanunattractivegroup.D.Theoldareconsidereddangeroustothesociety.19.A.Theyareeasytofalldownwithseriousillness.B.Theyenjoytravelingandgettingnewexperiences.C.Theyaredifficulttoberecognizedduetothechanges.D.Theyhavenomorementalproblemsthanthemiddleaged.20.A.Raisepeople’sawarenessofcaringfortheold.B.Helppeopletaketheirresponsibilitiesfortheold.C.Changepeople’sattitudetowardstheagedgroup.D.Easepeople’sfearandanxietyaboutgrowingold.II.GrammarandVocabulary(20分)SectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AtwistoffateWhenTamaraRabimetAdrianaScottatalocalMcDonald’srestaurant,theirliveschangedforever.“Ididn’tknowwhattosay___1___‘hi’.Iwasjustsoshockeditwaslikeseeingmyself,”saysAdriana.TheywerebothstudentsatneighbouringuniversitiesinLongIsland,NewYork,andtheyhadgrownuponly30kilometresapart.Theysharedabirthday,theywereexactlythesameheightandbothlovedhiphop.Butthemostimportantthing___2___wassharedbetweenthemwasthesameMexicanmother.Bothgirlsgrewupknowingthattheirmother___3___(give)themupforadoptionwhentheywereborn,buttheyhadnoidea___4___theyhadatwinsister.Then,JustinLattore,afriendofAdriana’s,wenttoTamara’stwentiethbirthdayparty.WhenhewalkedinandsawTamara,hardly___5___hebelievehiseyes.“IwasjustshockedshelookedsomuchlikeAdriana,”saysJustin.Thenitgotcleartheyhadtobesisters.Infact,Tamarahadalreadynoticedthatstrangersonheruniversitycampusoftensmiledandsaidhello,clearly___6___(mistake)herforsomeoneelse.Followingthebirthday,JustinputthetwogirlsintouchandtheyarrangedtheMcDonald’smeetingbyemail.“___7___shecametowardsme,shewaswalkinglikeme,talkinglikeme,”saysTamara.“Wehavethesamemannerisms,thesameinterestsandgotthesamegradesatschool,”addsAdriana.Thegirlevendiscoveredthataschildrentheyhadoftenhadthesamenightmareofareallyloudnoise____8____(follow)byaveryquietone.Theyhadanothersadfactorinmon.____9____oftheiradoptivefathershaddiedafewyearsbeforetheymet.Nowthetwinsarefinishingtheirstudies,andtheymeetoften.“Ifeelshe’smysister,butourrelationshiprightnowismorelikefriends,”saysTamara.She’soptimisticandexcitedthattheirfutureswillbetogether.“Wewillalwayshaveeachother.Wedon’thaveanyotherbrothersandsisterswearesure____10____(grow)oldtogether!”【答案】1.except2.that3.hadgiven4.that5.did6.mistaking7.When8.followed9.Both10.togrow【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。JustinLattore參加TamaraRabi的生日派對時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)她與朋友AdrianaScott長相相似，他認(rèn)為兩者是姐妹，便安排她們在麥當(dāng)勞見面。原來她們是雙胞胎姐妹，卻從小分開；她們身上有很多共同點(diǎn)，以后她們會(huì)相互陪伴著走下去，慢慢變老。【1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：“除了‘嗨’，我不知道該說什么。根據(jù)后面Iwasjustsoshockeditwaslikeseeingmyself.Adriana很震驚，因?yàn)榫拖窨吹搅怂约?，可知此處?yīng)該是驚訝地只能說“hi”了。except“除…之外”，符合語境。故填except?！?題詳解】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞，句意：但他們之間最重要的聯(lián)系是有同一個(gè)墨西哥母親。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，__2__wassharedbetweenthem是定語從句，先行詞是themostimportantthing，被最高級修飾，且從句中缺少主語，故應(yīng)該是that。故填that?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：兩個(gè)女孩在成長過程中都知道，她們一出生，母親就把她們交給了別人收養(yǎng)。grewup這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，母親把她們交給（give）別人撫養(yǎng)發(fā)生在growup之前，也就是說give的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在grewup之前，grewup是過去時(shí)，所以give發(fā)生在過去的過去，故用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadgiven?！?題詳解】考查賓語從句連接詞。句意：但她們不知道自己有一個(gè)雙胞胎妹妹。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，空后是一個(gè)賓語從句，應(yīng)用that連接。故填that?！?題詳解】考查倒裝句。句意：當(dāng)他走進(jìn)來看見Tamara時(shí)，簡直不敢相信自己的眼睛。分析結(jié)構(gòu)知，此處是倒裝句，且為一般過去時(shí)。hardly在句首，主句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)即謂語動(dòng)詞did要放在主語前。故填did?！?題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：她在大學(xué)校園里，陌生人經(jīng)常微笑著給她打招呼，顯然把她錯(cuò)當(dāng)成了別人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，此句在本句中作狀語，且mistake與主語strangers為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填mistaking?！?題詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語連接詞。句意：當(dāng)她向我走來的時(shí)候，她走路姿態(tài)和我一樣，說話方式也和我一樣。根據(jù)句意可知，此為時(shí)間狀語從句，came為不可延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，故填When?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)女孩甚至發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們還是孩子的時(shí)候，經(jīng)常會(huì)做同樣的噩夢，先是聽到非常大的噪音，然后是非常安靜的噪音。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾前面的noise，故填followed?！?題詳解】考查代詞。句意：她們的養(yǎng)父們在她們相遇前幾年都去世了。此處是指雙胞胎姐妹二人，故填Both?！?0題詳解】考查不定式。句意：我們沒有其他的兄弟姐妹——我們一定會(huì)一起變老的!besuretodosth.一定會(huì)做某事，故填togrow?！军c(diǎn)睛】定語從句中只能使用that的情況：1.先行詞為anything，everything，nothing等不定代詞。IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?我能給你做點(diǎn)什么嗎？2.先行詞為all，any，much，many詞。Tomtoldhermotherallthathadhappened.湯姆把事情的全部情況告訴了他的媽媽。3.先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾。ThisisthemostwonderfultimethatIhaveeverhad.(這是我度過的最美好的時(shí)光。)如第2小題為這種情況，先行詞thing被最高級修飾，故填that。4.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞修飾。Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一個(gè)通過考試的人。5.先行詞被theonly，thevery，thesame，thelast修飾。Thiswillbethelastchancethathecanget.這將會(huì)是他得到的唯一機(jī)會(huì)。6.先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物。Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.他們談?wù)撍麄冇浀玫挠嘘P(guān)學(xué)校的事和人。7.當(dāng)主句是以who，which開頭的特殊疑問句或先行詞是who。Whichisthebookthatheboughtfromthelibraryyesterday?哪本是你們昨天從圖書館借來？SectionB(10分)Directions:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.JapanesefirmsencouragedaytimenapsImagineworkingforanemployerwho,awarethatyou’reprobablynotsleepingenoughatnight,allowsyoutodowntoolsandnapaspartofyourregularwork___11___andnotjustfortywinksatyourdesk,butarestorativesnoozeinaquietroom.ThesearesomeofthemeasuresbeingusedbyagrowingnumberofpaniesinJapantocounteranepidemicofsleeplessnessthatcostsitseconomya(n)___12___$138bnayear.Techstartupshavebeenquickestto___13___the“sleepdebt”amongirritableandunproductiveemployees.Lastyear,Nextbeat,anTTserviceprovider,wentasfarassettinguptwo“strategicsleepingrooms”oneformen,theotherforwomenatitsheadquartersinTokyo.Thearomainfusedrooms___14___devicesthatblockoutbackgroundnoise,allowingworkerstostretchoutonsofasfora(n)___15___nap.Mobilephones,tabletsandlaptopsarebanned.“Nappingcandoasmuchtoimprovesomeone’s___16___asabalanceddietandexercise,”EmikoSumikawa,amemberoftheNextbeatboard,toldKyodonewsagency.Nextbeatalsoasksemployeestoleaveworkby9pmandtoavoiddoingexcessiveovertime,whichhasbeen___17___forarisingrateofdeathfromoverwork.Japaneseworkershavemorereasonthanmosttosubmitto（服從）the___18___foradaytimesnooze,whetheratworkorduringlongmutes.Asurveyconductedusingfitnesstrackersin28countriesfoundthatJapanesemenandwomensleep,onaverage,just6hoursand35minutesanight45minuteslessthantheinternationalaveragemakingthemthemostsleepdeprivedofall.Estonians,Canadians,Belgians,Austrians,aswellastheDutchandFrench,allgetaparativelydecentnight’ssleep,accordingtothesurvey.Thegovernmenthasalsoetoappreciatethe___19___ofawellrestedworkforce,withthehealthministryremendingthatallworkingagepeopletakeanapofupto30minutesintheearlyafternoonadvice____20____embracedbysomeofthecountry’spoliticians.【答案】11.H12.D13.A14.F15.K16.B17.J18.I19.C20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。在日本，越來越多的公司采取措施，鼓勵(lì)白天小睡，以應(yīng)對失眠問題。Nextbeat在東京總部設(shè)立了兩間“戰(zhàn)略臥室”，要求員工在晚上9點(diǎn)前下班，避免過度加班。調(diào)查表明，日本人民睡眠質(zhì)量較國際水平差，政府也在采取措施?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：如果你的雇主意識到你晚上可能睡得不夠，讓你放下工作，打個(gè)盹作為日常工作的一部分。workduty，表示“工作職責(zé)”。根據(jù)句意知，此處指的是將打盹作為你工作職責(zé)的一部分，故選H?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：據(jù)估計(jì)，日本每年因失眠造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失高達(dá)1380億美元。分析可知，前面有冠詞，后有名詞$138billion，故此處應(yīng)為形容詞。estimated“估計(jì)的”，根據(jù)句意可知，故選D。【13題詳解】考查名詞。句意：科技初創(chuàng)企業(yè)最快地解決了易怒、效率低下員工的“睡眠債”問題。address“設(shè)法解決”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，此處為be+adj.+todo的結(jié)構(gòu)，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文可知，Nextbeat已經(jīng)采取措施解決睡眠的問題，故此處填address。故選A。【14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：充滿芳香的房間配備了隔絕背景噪音的設(shè)備，。feature“以…為特色，配備”。根據(jù)句意可知，房間配備了放噪音的設(shè)備，故填feature。故選F?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：讓工人們可以躺在沙發(fā)上不受打擾地小睡一會(huì)兒。分析可知，此處應(yīng)該形容詞修飾nap，配置防噪音設(shè)備，是為了能讓工人們不受打擾地好好休息，故填undisturbed。故選K?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在提高效率方面，午睡和均衡飲食、鍛煉身體一樣重要。根據(jù)上文缺少睡眠導(dǎo)致unproductive“效果不佳的”，可知此處說的是提高他們的工作效率，故填efficiency。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：Nextbeat還要求員工在晚上9點(diǎn)前下班，并避免過度加班，加班導(dǎo)致的死亡率不斷上升。beblamedfor，歸咎于。根據(jù)句意可知，此處說的是死亡率上升主要?dú)w咎于過度加班。故填blamed。故選J?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：日本員工比大多數(shù)人更有理由在白天打盹，無論是在工作還是在漫長的通勤途中。urge“沖動(dòng)”，此處是指員工們屈服于打盹的沖動(dòng)，即更有理由去打盹，故填urge。故選I?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：政府也開始意識到良好休息的勞動(dòng)力的好處。下文中衛(wèi)生部建議員工們在下午時(shí)休息，可知政府認(rèn)識到了有良好休息的勞動(dòng)力的好處。appreciatethebenefitsof，認(rèn)識到…的好處，故填benefits。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這一建議得到了該國一些政界人士的欣然接受。readily“欣然地”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，此處應(yīng)該使用副詞修飾過去分詞embraced，；根據(jù)句意可知，有一些人“欣然地”接受了這個(gè)建議，故填readily。故選E。III.Readingprehension(45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Yourbosstellsyouthatyoudidabadjob.Yourcoworkercriticizesyouinfrontofyourwholeteam.Ouch!It'snoteasytotakecriticism,nomatterwhoitesfrom.But,itiseasyto___21___theblowwhenyouoffercriticismtosomeoneinEnglish.Merelybyalteringyourwordingandyourattitude,youcanhelpsomeonegrowinsteadofmakingthemfeel___22___.Phraseslike"You’rewrong!”and“Yourpresentationwasterrible!"havenoplaceineffective___23___.Infact,it'sbesttoleavetheword"you"out,ifatallpossible.___24___attacksmakepeoplefeeldefective,andthentheywon'treallylistentoanythingyouhavetosay.Beforestartingwiththecriticism,warmthepersonupwith___25___.Ifyouarediscussingtheirwork,findseveralthingsyoutrulylikeaboutwhattheyhavedone.Forexample,"Ienjoyedyourpresentationtoday.Youpresentedalotofgoodandhelpfulinformationinit,andIcantellyouputalotofeffortintoit.Iappreciateyourhardwork."Thiswilllowertheir___26___andmakethemfeelappreciated.However,ashort___27___plimentfollowedby"but"suchas“Itwasahelpfultalk,butyoureallyneedtoimproveyourpresentationskills"won'tdomuchtohelptheprocess.Afteryou’vesharedyourpliments,allowthemtimetobe___28___.Asamatteroffact,___29___followingyourplimentwitha“,but”willdestroyallyou'vetriedtoacplishbymakingyour___30___seemfalseandinsincere.Rememberthatthegoalofconstructivecriticismisn’ttomakethepersonfeelterrible:it'stohelpthemgrow.Insteadofdirectly___31___thepersontrytogetthemessagethroughtothemintheformoflightheartedadvice.Phraseslike."Nexttimeyoumightwantto…”or“Ifindithelpfulto"can___32___theblamewhilestillleavinganimpact:"Nexttimeyoumightwanttogivealittlemoreattentiontotheaudience.IfindithelpfultolookpeopleintheeyeswhileIamspeaking"Peoplecan'tchangeovernight,especiallyiftheydon’tgetdetailed___33___.Asyoumighthaveknown,___34___saying“youneedtoworkonyourpresentationskills“won’thelpasoul!Bedetailedinyouradvice!Showmoderationwhenyoucriticizeanyoneandkeepinyourmindthatovercriticismcaneasily___35___people.Remember,youwantthemtokeeptryingandimproving.Don'tleavethemfeelingdefeated'21.A.suffer B.accept C.soft D.ignore22.A.defeated B.encouraged C.motivated D.disturbed23.A.discussion B.argument C.explanation D.criticism24.A.Immediate B.Personal C.Accurate D.Continuous25.A.interactions B.impressions C.personalities D.pliments26.A.defense B.spirit C.moral D.position27.A.decisive B.serious C.vague D.concrete28.A.corrected B.challenged C.debated D.absorbed29.A.carefully B.reluctantly C.immediately D.occasionally30.A.praise B.attitude C.assistance D.achievement31.A.helping B.accusing C.praising D.dismissing32.A.makeup B.focuson C.leadto D.takeaway33.A.mand B.ment C.instruction D.information34.A.sincerely B.simply C.politely D.unwillingly35.A.overload B.promote C.inspire D.simulate【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，批評的目的不是讓人有挫敗感，而是幫助別人成長，本文就介紹了如何以正確的方式批評別人。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當(dāng)你用英語批評某人時(shí)，很容易減輕這種打擊。A.suffer遭受；B.accept接受；C.soft軟化、減輕；D.ignore忽視?？涨罢f不管批評來自誰，都不容易接受，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞But表明當(dāng)你用英語批評某人時(shí)，很容易減輕這種打擊，故C項(xiàng)正確。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：僅僅改變你的措辭和態(tài)度，你就能幫助別人成長，而不是讓他們感到挫敗。A.defeated擊敗；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.motivated刺激；D.disturbed打擾。根據(jù)常識可知，受到批評時(shí)會(huì)有一種挫敗感，故A項(xiàng)正確。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：像“你錯(cuò)了！”和“你的演講很糟糕！”這樣的批評并沒有效。A.discussion討論；B.argument爭論；C.explanation解釋；D.criticism批評。空前的“你錯(cuò)了！”和“你的演講很糟糕！”都是批評的話，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人身攻擊會(huì)讓人覺得有缺陷，然后他們就不會(huì)真正聽你說什么。A.Immediate立即的；B.Personal個(gè)人的；C.Accurate精確的；D.Continuous連續(xù)的。在批評中使用“你”會(huì)讓人感覺是人身攻擊，故B項(xiàng)正確。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在開始批評之前，先稱贊對方。A.interactions互動(dòng)；B.impressions印象；C.personalities個(gè)性；D.pliments稱贊、恭維。空后說如果你在討論他們的工作，找出一些你真正喜歡他們所做的事情，例如，“我喜歡你今天的報(bào)告，你在里面提供了很多有用的信息，你為此付出了很多努力，我感謝你的辛勤工作，”因此此處是說始批評之前，要先稱贊一下對方，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這會(huì)降低他們的防御（心理），讓他們感到感激。A.defense防御；B.spirit精神；C.moral道德；D.position位置。根據(jù)空后的“makethemfeelappreciated.”可知，批評前先稱贊對方會(huì)降低他們的防御（心理），讓他們感到感激，故A項(xiàng)正確。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在“但是”后面加上一句簡短含糊的稱贊，比如“這是一個(gè)很有幫助的演講，但是你真的需要提高你的演講技巧”對這個(gè)過程沒有多大幫助。A.decisive決定性的；B.serious嚴(yán)重的；C.vague模糊的、含糊的；D.concrete具體的。根據(jù)空后的舉例可知，在“但是”后面加上一句簡短含糊的稱贊并沒有多大幫助，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你在分享了你的贊美之后，給他們時(shí)間去吸收。A.corrected改正；B.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；C.debated辯論；D.absorbed吸收?？蘸笳f在你稱贊對方之后，緊接著用“但是”會(huì)使你的贊美顯得虛假和不真誠，因此在贊美之后，要給他們時(shí)間去吸收一下，故D項(xiàng)正確。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，在你稱贊對方之后，馬上就用“但是”會(huì)使你的贊美顯得虛假和不真誠，從而破壞你所做的一切努力。A.carefully認(rèn)真地；B.reluctantly不情愿地；C.immediately立即、馬上；D.occasionally偶爾。根據(jù)空后的“followingyourplimentwitha“,but”willdestroyallyou'vetriedloacplishbymakingyour___10___seemfalseandinsincere.”可知，在你稱贊對方之后，馬上就用“但是”會(huì)使你的贊美顯得虛假和不真誠，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.praise贊揚(yáng)、稱贊；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.assistance援助；D.achievement成就。上文說在開始批評之前要先稱贊對方，此處是說在你稱贊對方之后，馬上就用“但是”會(huì)使你的稱贊顯得虛假和不真誠，故A項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：與其直接指責(zé)對方，不如試著以輕松的建議的形式把信息傳達(dá)給他們。A.helping幫助；B.accusing譴責(zé)、指責(zé)；C.praising表揚(yáng)；D.dismissing開除?？涨罢f建設(shè)性批評的目的不是讓人感覺糟糕，而是幫助他們成長，因此與其直接指責(zé)對方，不如試著以輕松的建議的形式把信息傳達(dá)給他們，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：像這樣的短語“下次你可能想……”或者“我覺得這很有幫助”可以在消除責(zé)難的同時(shí)仍然留下影響。A.makeup組成；B.focuson集中于；C.leadto導(dǎo)致；D.takeaway帶走?！跋麓文憧赡芟搿被蛘摺拔矣X得這很有幫助”這樣的短語語氣更緩和一些，聽起來不像是指責(zé)對方，也就是可以在消除責(zé)難，故D項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們不可能一夜之間改變，特別是在他們在沒有得到細(xì)的指導(dǎo)的情況下。A.mand命令；B.ment評論；C.instruction指示、指導(dǎo)；D.information信息。根據(jù)常識可知，人們在沒有得到詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)的情況下很難改變，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如你所知，僅僅說“你需要提高你的演講技巧”并不能真正幫到一個(gè)人！A.sincerely由衷地；B.simply僅僅、簡單地；C.politely禮貌地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。上文說人們在沒有得到詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)的情況下很難改變，所以只是說“你需要提高你的演講技巧”并不能真正幫到一個(gè)人，故B項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你批評別人的時(shí)候要適度，要記住過度的批評很容易讓人超負(fù)荷（不堪重負(fù)）。A.overload使負(fù)擔(dān)過重、超負(fù)荷；B.promote提升；C.inspire鼓舞；D.simulate冒充。根據(jù)空前的“Showmoderationwhenyoucriticizeanyone”可知，批評別人的時(shí)候要適度，過度的批評很容易讓人超負(fù)荷，故A項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】本篇第14空C項(xiàng)politely的干擾性較強(qiáng)，對上文的理解是關(guān)鍵，有些同學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)為“應(yīng)該禮貌地進(jìn)行批評”而誤選此項(xiàng)，但根據(jù)空前的“Peoplecan'tchangeovernight,especiallyiftheydon’tgetdetailed___13___.”可知，人們不可能一夜之間改變，特別是在他們在沒有得到詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo)的情況下，所以此處是說只是說“你需要提高你的演講技巧”并不能真正幫到一個(gè)人，故B項(xiàng)simply正確。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ALessonGoesViralAttheendof2014,Tulsa,Oklahoma,sixthgradeteacherMelissaBourreceivedafriendrequestonFacebookfromoneofherstudents.Shedidn’taccepttherequest,butaquickbrowsethroughthegirl’sfriendslistrevealedthenamesofdozensofkidsfromherclassroom.Manyofthestudents’Facebookpageswerepletelypublic,meaningevenstrangerscouldsearchthroughthekids’personalphotosandmessages.“Isawmiddlefingers,studentsdressedinappropriately,andextremelyoffensivelanguage,”Melissasays.“Itwasdisturbing.”Whenshebroughtupherdiscoveryinclass,thestudentsthoughtiswasnothing.Soshecreatedapostofherown.WithabrightgreenSharpie,shewroteonapieceofpaperinallcaps,“DearFacebook:My12yearoldstudentsthinkitis‘nobigdeal’thattheyarepostingpicturesofthemselves...Pleasehelpme...[showthem]howquicklytheirimagescangetaround.”SheputapictureoftheletteronherFacebookpageandaskedpeopletoshareit.Inhours,itwasshared108,000timesacrossdozensofstatesandfourcountries.Shedeleteditaftereighthours,butitcontinuedtospread.“Iwantedtoshowthemthatit’sontheInternetforever,”shesays.Assheexplainedtheresultsofherexperimentinclass,thestudents’“eyesgotbiggerandbigger,”shesays.“Itscaredafewofthemintodeletingtheirpagespletely,”shesays.Othershaveremovedinappropriatepostsandusedprivacysettingstomanagetheirpages.Herintentionwasn’ttoscarethemoffsocialmediabuttopushthemtobemindfulofwhattheypost.Melissasays,“Itellthem,‘justbecauseeveryoneelseissharingdoesn’tmeanyouhaveto.’”36.WhatdidMelissaBourfindaboutherstudents’Fackbookpages?A.Theywerenotaccessibletostrangers.B.Theycontainedimpropermessages.C.Theyappealedalottothepublic.D.Theyrevealednothingaboutthestudents.37.WhydidMelissaputapictureoftheletteronherFackbookpage?A.Toprovethepotentialthreatcausedbysharingsomethingonline.B.TohelpstudentslearnhowtopostsomethingonFacebook.C.ToturntothepublicfortipsonproperuseofFackbook.D.Toscareherstudentsoffallsocialmedia.38.AfterMelissatoldherstudentsabouttheresultsofherexperiment,they_______.A.ignoredherwarningspletelyB.begantosharesomethingmeaningfulC.tooknonoticeofwhatotherspostedD.realizedthedangerofsocialmedia39.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howateacherbecamepopularwithheruniquepost.B.Howthestudentskeptthemselvesawayfromsocialmedia.C.Howateacherraisedstudents’awarenessofInternetsecurity.D.Howthestudentsfoughtagainsttheiraddictiontoonlinegames.【答案】36.B37.A38.D39.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。MelissaBour發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的學(xué)生在Facebook上傳不得體的照片與話語，自己做實(shí)驗(yàn)以向提高學(xué)生們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全意識。學(xué)生們意識到社交媒體的危險(xiǎn)，開始管理自己的主頁?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容Isawmiddlefingers,studentsdressedinappropriately,andextremelyoffensivelanguage,可知她看到學(xué)生們豎中指，穿著不得體，語言極其無禮。故她看到他們的主頁上有很不恰當(dāng)?shù)男畔?，故選B。【37題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Iwantedtoshowthemthatit’sontheInternetforever，可知她想讓他們知道，那些信息會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上傳播，讓他們知道分享信息的潛在威脅。故選A?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Itscaredafewofthemintodeletingtheirpagespletely,”shesays.Othershaveremovedinappropriatepostsandusedprivacysettingstomanagetheirpages.她說:“這嚇到了一些人，他們不得不完全刪除自己的頁面?！边€有一些人刪除了不合適的帖子，并使用隱私設(shè)置來管理自己的頁面。可知，學(xué)生們已經(jīng)意識到社交媒體的危險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要講了MelissaBour自己做實(shí)驗(yàn)來證明在社交媒體上分享信息的危險(xiǎn)，以此來提高學(xué)生們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全意識。故選C。(B)Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.IndianHeroesandGreatChieftainsThebookmainlypresentsuswiththeAmericanIndianleadersofthepast.ItfeaturesmanyprofilesandbiographiesincludingSittingBull,RedCloud,LittleCrowandLozenQuanahetc.writtenbyauthorCharlesEastman,andI’msureyouwillbeinterestedinit.Name:SittingBullBirth:1831Death:12151890HewasagreatheroandisrespectedbymanyAmericanIndians.Ina1997documentary(紀(jì)錄片)—TheGreatTribes,hewasknownasaholyman,aposerofsongsandanartist.Underhim,theSiouxandCheyenneNationsunified.HewasadvisedtogoonaEuropeantourin1887,butheturneditdowntodefendthesetwonationsfrombeingseparatedagain.HeledhispeopleduringyearsofresistancetoUnitedStatesgovernmentpoliciesandwaskilledbyIndianagencypoliceontheStandingRockIndianReservation.Name:CrazyHorseBirth:1842Death:951877CrazyHorsewasalegendarywarrior(勇士)andagentleleaderaswellasabravemanwhostoodforthehighestidealoftheSioux,celebratedforhisbattleskillsaswellashiseffortstopreserveNativeAmericantraditionsandwayoflife.ResistingeffortstoforcetheSiouxontoreservations,hefoughtalongsideSittingBullandothersintheAmericanIndianWars.CharlesEastmandescribedhiminhisbookIndianHeroesas“amanofdeedsandnotofwords”.Name:RedCloudBirth:1822Death:12101909HewasagainstthemovementofthewhitesettlersintotheBlackHills.In1868,herefusedtosignatreaty(條約),whichstatedthattheBlackHillsdidn’tbelongtopeople.Thetreatyalsostatedthattheseareascouldn’tbeenteredwithoutthegovernment’spermission.AccordingtoEastman’sbookIndianHeroes,hewassaidtohavefoughtagainstthetreaty,forcingthegovernmenttogiveinandpulloutofthearea.Name:LozenQuanahBirth:late1840sDeath:1890KnownastheyoungestsisterofRedCloud,shedevotedherselftothepeople.ShewasdescribedinPeterAleshire’sWarriorWomanasaheroinegoodatridinghorsesandusingabowandarrowtodriveattackersaway.Thisskillwasconsideredtobe“oneofthemosthonoredskillsamongtheIndians”.40.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutCrazyHorse?A.Hewasfriendlytohissoldier. B.Heshowedgreatcourage.C.Hewasagreattalker. D.Hewasrespected.41.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat__________.A.SittingBulldislikedtravelingB.IndianHeroeswasabookonIndianhistoryC.inthe1880sIndiansoldiersweremainlyarmedwithbowsandarrowsD.inthe1850sIndianwomenwerenotallowedtoridehorses42.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto__________.A.showIndians’livestoreadersB.describegreatIndianheroesandheroinesC.showthehistoryoftheIndiansD.mentonahistorybook【答案】40.C41.C42.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了幾個(gè)印第安英雄的事跡?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二欄中的“CharlesEastmandescribedhiminhisbookIndianHeroesas“amanofdeedsandnotofwords”可知，查爾斯·伊士曼在他的《印第安英雄》一書中將CrazyHorse描述為一個(gè)實(shí)干家，而不是一個(gè)空談家，因此說他是空談家的說法是錯(cuò)誤的，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一欄中的“Birth:late1840s”，“Death:1890”及“ShewasdescribedinPeterAleshire’sWarriorWomanasaheroinegoodatridinghorsesandusingabowandarrowtodriveattackersaway.Thisskillwasconsideredtobe“oneofthemosthonoredskillsamongtheIndians”.”可知，LozenQuanah出生在19世紀(jì)40年代，死于1890年，在彼得·阿萊希爾的《女勇士》中，她被描述為一位善于騎馬、用弓箭驅(qū)趕襲擊者的女英雄，這項(xiàng)技能被認(rèn)為是“印第安人中最受尊敬的技能之一”，由此可知，19世紀(jì)80年代，印第安士兵的主要裝備是弓箭，故C項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)標(biāo)題“IndianHeroesandGreatChieftains”可知，本文的目的是向我們介紹幾個(gè)印第安英雄的事跡，故B項(xiàng)正確。(C)Aseverymobilephoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatisanuisance,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaplyorthewholehandsettradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,however,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Batteriesareitspriciestponent,representingaround30%ofanaverageofmidsizevehicle.Adeterioratingbatteryposesapotentialsafetyhazard,anddestroysitssecondhandvalueaswell.Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producersarenow,though,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,withthelaunchof“millionmile”batteries.“It’sagreatcatchphrase;themillionmilebattery,”saysGeorgeCrabtree,directoroftheJointCentreforEnergyStorageResearch.“Butthefactthatyoucandrive