2022年高考英語試題試卷及答案（全國乙卷）

2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試

英語

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號

涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，

將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷

上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀

下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.

2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?

A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.

3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?

A.It'sbig.B.It'squiet.C.It'snew.

4.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.

5Whereistheman'stable?

A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecomer.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題,

每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩

遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?

A.Eatout.B.Goshopping.C.Dosports.

7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandsecretary.B.Hostessandguest.C.Husbandandwife.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?

A.Theirbusinessisslow.B.Theweatherisfavorable.C.Ifseasytohirepeople.

9.Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?

A.Finishitallatonce.B.Havethesalessectiongofirst.C.Doonedepartmentatatime.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?

A.Howtoappreciateartworks.B.Howtodealwithartists.C.Howtorunamuseum.

11.WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?

A.Hestudiedatacollege.B.Heservedinthearmy.C.Heworkedinagallery.

12.WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?

A.Rembrandfs.B.Botticelli's.C.Rubens'.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.

14.BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?

A.March.B.August.C.October.

15.WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?

A.Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B.Hewasofferedabetterone.C.Hegottiredofit.

16.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?

A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.

聽第10段材料，回答第17k20題。

17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?

A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.

18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?

A.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.Hewonfifthplace.

19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?

A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

A.Hisplantogoforthegold.

B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.

C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

HenryRaeburn（1756-1823）

TheExhibition

ThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbest

lovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,

itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears.

LectureSeries

ScottishNationalPortrait（肖像畫）Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.

TheyareheldintheLectureRoom.Admissiontolecturesisfree.

AnIntroductiontoRaeburnRaeburnsEnglishContemporaries

Sunday26Oct.,15.00Thursday30Oct.,13.10

DUNCANTHOMSONJUDYEGERTON

CharactersandCharacterisationinRaeburnandArtistsTraininginthe

RaeburnkPortraits18thCentury

Thursday6Nov.,13.10Thursday13Nov.,13.10

NICHOLASPHILLIPSONMARTINPOSTLE

ExhibitionTimes

Monday-Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45

Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.

Closed:24-26Decemberand1January.

Admission

￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.

SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,upto

andincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.

1.WhatistherighttimeforattendingRaeburn'sEnglishContemporaries1

A.Sun.26Oct.B.Thurs.30Oct.C.Thurs.6Nov.D.

Thurs.13Nov.

2.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?

A.￡4.B.￡8.C.￡12.D.￡16.

3.Howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts?

A.TheyshouldgoonSundaymornings.B.Theyshouldcomefromartschools.

C.Theymustbeledbyteachers.D.TheymusthaveIDcardswiththem.

【答案】1.B2.B3.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了為紀念蘇格蘭最受歡迎的畫家亨利?雷伯恩爵士進行

的展覽的相關情況。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格右上角Raeburn飛EnglishContemporaries部分uThursday30Oct.（10

月30日星期四）”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去參加Raeburn^EnglishContemporarieso

故選B項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission部分“￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultare

admittedfree.（4英鎊。12歲以下兒童在一位成人陪同下免費入場。）”可知，一對夫婦應付

4+4=8英鎊，兩個12歲以下的兒童在成人陪同下免費，即入場費為8英鎊。故選B項。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段uAspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallin

full-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswith

teachers.（所有全日制教育的學生，高至并包括那些學士學位水平的學生，在有教師的組織團

體中，均可享受每人2英鎊的特別低入場費。）”可知，全日制學生在有教師的組織團體中，

可以獲得折扣，即他們必須由教師帶領。故選C項。

In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruff

andRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachina

one-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.Sofor

themtomovetoElkhead,Colo,toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstring

wasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducation

ofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothy

Woodruff'sgranddaughter.

Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,they

realizedwhattheyhadundertaken.

Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,

andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,Rosamond

andDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,

thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.

InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichof

courseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingof

therailroads,whichentailed（牽涉）drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.The

bookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.

Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism（堅忍）ofthe

peoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,

lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowall

aroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,

mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.^^

4.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?

A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.

C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?

A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.

CTheylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.

6.WhichpartofWickenden'swritingishair-raising?

A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.

C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiary

entry.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇書評。本文簡要介紹了DorothyWickenden的書籍并對其進行了評價。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,

N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRocky

Mountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.（1916年，來自紐約奧本市的兩個富裕家庭的女

孩----DorothyWoodruff和RosamondUnderwood-----來到落基山脈的一個定居點，在一間

只有一個房間的學校教書。）”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脈是為了去學校里教書。

故選A項。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,had

littleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.（他

們和一個當?shù)丶彝ィ锷患乙黄鸢徇M去，和他們一樣，幾乎沒有隱私，很少洗澡，早上

醒來時被子上覆蓋著一層雪。）"以及"Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.（在春

天，雪被泥替代覆蓋在冰上。）”可知，女孩們的生活條件非常艱苦，她們飽受磨難。故選

D項。

【6題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段uAhair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,

whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowsloi*ms.（令人毛骨悚然的一段

與鐵路建設有關，這涉及到在令人眩目的暴風雪中鉆穿落基山脈。）”可知，Wickenden的作

品中涉及落基山脈的鐵路建設這一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故選C項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturnto

Auburn.（這本書以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奧本結(jié)束。）”以及最后一段"Wickendenisavery

goodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautiful

writing/Wickenden是個很好的講故事的人。大地的遼闊和人們的堅忍使她創(chuàng)作出了一些美

麗的作品。）”可知，本文簡要介紹了Wickenden的書籍內(nèi)容，并對其進行了評價，所以文

本是一篇書評。故選B項。

C

Canasmallgroupofdrones（無人機）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthe

sametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureof

applyingtoday's"eyesinthesky9'technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrail

tracksandinfrastructure（基礎設施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddo

preciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchas

thecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,

themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecut

andoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnel

safety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearon

maintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherail

infrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews'

efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesfor

railways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.To

performthesetasks,dronesfbrraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworkingon

anewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,and

programmedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravelling

aheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalany

problem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

8.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones'abilitytoworkathigh

altitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones,reliableperformancein

remoteareas.

9.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

10.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

AToprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsfbrthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.

11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

DHowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。應用今天的“空中之眼'’的技術，無人機能在保證鐵路安全可靠

的同時又能幫助鐵路運營商每年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tension

electricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervital

aspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.（無

人機已經(jīng)被用于檢查高壓電線。他們完全可以做同樣的事情來檢查鐵路線路和鐵路基礎設施

的其他重要方面，如鐵路軌道和換乘點的正確位置）”可知使用無人機檢查電力線路使無人

機應用于鐵路線路成為可能。故選A。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20

billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspect

andrepairtherailinfrastructure.（據(jù)統(tǒng)計，僅歐洲鐵路公司每年在鐵路維護上的花費就約為200

億歐元，其中包括經(jīng)常在夜間派遣維修人員檢查和維修鐵路基礎設施）”可知花在

maintenance上的費用是用于"inspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure（檢查和維修鐵路基礎

設施"，由此可知"Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionof

railwaypersonnelsafetyw是指大幅節(jié)省檢修成本和更好地保護鐵路人員安全，劃線詞和C

項：Inspectionandrepair（檢修）含義相近。故選C。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段4,Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildrones

ofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorun

autonomously（工程師們現(xiàn)在正在研究一個新概念:未來的鐵路無人機。它們將在列車前方的

軌道上運行，并被設定為自動運行）”可知鐵路無人機有望讓火車自動運行。故選B。

[11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段"Canasmallgroupofdrones（無人機）guaranteethe

safetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuros

eachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's14eyesinthesky“technologytomaking

surethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基礎設施）worldwidearesafe

fortrainsona24/7basis.（一小群無人機能否在保證鐵路安全可靠的同時，幫助鐵路運營商每

年節(jié)省數(shù)十億歐元?這很可能是應用今天的“空中之眼”技術的未來，以確保全球數(shù)百萬公

里的鐵路軌道和基礎設施全天候安全運行。）”以及后文第二段講到了使用無人機檢查電力

線路使無人機應用于鐵路線路成為可能;第三段講到了使用無人機大幅節(jié)省維護成本和更好

地保護鐵路人員安全；第四段講到了通過使用最新的技術，無人機還可以開始為鐵路提供更

高的價值，可知文章主要講述了無人機將如何改變鐵路的未來，所以D項“無人機將如何

改變鐵路的未來?！狈衔恼轮行乃枷?，適合作為本文的最佳標題。故選D。

D

TheGovernment'ssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyasMinistersfirst

predicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhasshown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gof

sugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（肥胖）.Itisbelievedthat

today'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimestherecommendedlevelofsugar,putting

thematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake￡520mayearfortheTreasury.However,dataof

thefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.Atpresentitisexpectedto

generate￡240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,whichwillgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutby

manufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnowcontain45millionfewer

kilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers'effortstoavoidthecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.

SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeenforcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugary

drinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandare

refusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmost

alcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresper

year.

Today*sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugar

taxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（設施）andhealthiereatingin

schools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance,

andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

12.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren'shealth.D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

13.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheir

products.

C.Theycutdownontheirproduction.D.Theyreducedtheirproducts9sugar

content.

14.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.B.Milk-baseddrinks.C.Fruitjuices.D.Classic

Coke.

15.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.B.Itisasuccessstory.

C.Itbenefitsmanufacturers.D.Itupsetscustomers.

【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國政府對軟飲料征收的糖稅來解決兒童以及

青少年的健康問題，同時該收入用于學校體育。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoft

drinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedlohelpreducechildhood

obesity.（該稅于2016年4月首次宣布，適用于每100毫升含糖超過5g的軟飲料，旨在幫

助減少兒童肥胖。）“可知，征收糖稅的目的是幫助兒童減少肥胖。故選C項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehad

theirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycanavoidpayingthetax.（止匕前，制造商已經(jīng)降低

了商店中銷售的超過一半的軟飲料的含糖量，以避免納稅。）”可知，一些飲料公司通過降低

了產(chǎn)品的含糖量來避稅。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,have

acceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,

milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompanies

manufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.（然而，一些高糖品牌，如經(jīng)典可口可樂,已經(jīng)接

受了糖稅，并拒絕改變，因為擔心會惹惱消費者。果汁、以牛奶為原料的飲料和大多數(shù)酒精

飲料是免稅的，每年生產(chǎn)不到100萬升的小公司也是免稅的。）“可知，糖稅主要來自經(jīng)典可

口可樂這些高糖品牌。故選D項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Today、figures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,show

thepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesand

healthiereatinginschools.（根據(jù)一位政府官員的說法，今天的數(shù)據(jù)顯示了糖稅的積極影響，

它為學校的體育設施和健康飲食籌集了數(shù)百萬英鎊）'‘可推斷，糖稅政策的實施是一個成功

的政策。故選B項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩

項為多余選項。

Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain（保

持）long-distancefriendships.

,Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（聯(lián)系）and

sharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.

16.

?Moreisn'talwaysmerrier

Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantsto

becontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.17.Therearealtemativestoconstant

writtencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.

?Practiseempathy（共情）

18.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoalltheadditionaltimedemands

placedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothe

factthatyourfriendmayfeelabandoned.

?19

Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Although

technologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossible,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecial

days.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends9birthdaysandotherimportantdateswill

makesurenothingslipsbyyou.

?Don'trelyontechnologyalone

20、butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconscious

efforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestorenewfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-face

timetogetherwheneverpossible.

A.Rememberimportantdates

B.Compensatebywritingletters

C.Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

G.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhowasleftbehind

【答案】16D17.B18.G19.A20.F

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了五種維系異地友誼的方法。

【16題詳解】

上文uWithbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.（平日繁忙，很難抽

出時間打電話。）講的是雙方都很忙碌，很難有時間給對方打電話，D項“盡量找個雙方都

有空的時間去打電話，并堅持下去”給出了解決沒時間打電話這個問題的方法，符合題意。

故選D項。

【17題詳解】

上文“Makesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriendabouthowfrequentlyeachofyou

wantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.”（確保你已經(jīng)與你的朋友溝通

過，了解你們彼此希望聯(lián)系的次數(shù)，以及哪種溝通方式最適合你們兩人。）提到異地朋友之

間要商量溝通方式，B項”可以通過寫信補償”提出了其中一種溝通方式：寫信，下文

“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesor

havingagroupchat."（除了不斷的文字交流，還有其他方式，比如發(fā)語音或者組建群聊。）

補充了發(fā)語音等其他溝通方式，其中“constantwrittencommunication”呼應了B項的

u

writingletterso故選B項。

【18題詳解】

下文“Thefriendwhoisremaining”（留下來的朋友）和“Theoneinthenewenvironment”

（在新環(huán)境中的那個）提到朋友的兩個不同處境，G項“你可能是朋友中離開的那一方，也

可能是被留下的那一方”指出了異地友誼中分為離開的一方和留下的一方，其中“thefriend

wholeft”和utheonewhowasleftbehind分別對應下文“Theoneinthenewenvironment”

和“Thefriendwhoisremaining",所以G項符合題意。故選G項。

【19題詳解】

分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設空處的內(nèi)容是維系異地友誼的第四個方法，是第五段的小標題。下文

uAnniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.（周年紀念

日和生日對于異地友誼而言是非常重要的。）講的是諸如周年紀念日和生日等重要的日子對

于維系異地友誼是非常重要的，由此推知，這段對應的維系異地友誼的方法是A項“記得

重要的日子”，所以A項符合題意。故選A項。

【20題詳解】

設空處所在句子的后半句"butlong-distancefriendships——evencloseones——mayrequiremore

consciousefforttosustain."（但是異地友誼甚至是關系親密的友誼可能需要更加自

覺地去維系。）講的是我們要更加自覺地維系異地友誼，其中“but”說明后半句與設空處形

成轉(zhuǎn)折，而F項“朋友之間很容易通過社交媒體產(chǎn)生一種聯(lián)結(jié)感”講的是可以通過社交媒體

這種方式很容易與朋友產(chǎn)生聯(lián)結(jié)，與后半句"requiremoreconsciousefforttosustain”形成轉(zhuǎn)

折，而且其中的"socialmedia”呼應了該段的小標題uDon9trelyontechnologyalonev（不

要僅僅依賴技術）中的“technology”。故選F項。

語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入

空白處的最佳選項。

Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there's

somethinghighlyexcitingabout21someoneelse'sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobe

seen.

However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably22athiding.They

oftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies23.

Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas24asevidencethatchildrenare

hopelessly"egocentric"（自我中心的）creatures.Butour25researchresultsinchild

developmentalpsychology26thatidea.

Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2-4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each

27satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor28.Wethenaskedthechild

ifshecould29orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn't.Thesame

30happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:31childrensaidthatthey

couldn't32toher.

Anumberof33ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.

Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects34thequestionsandknew35whatwas

askedofthem.Their36tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue37that“Icanseeyou

onlyifyoucanseeme,too."Theysimply38mutual（相互的）recognitionandregard.Our

39suggestwhenachild“hides“byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultof

egocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod_40_whenothersuseit.

21.A.followingB.takingC.escapingD.

directing

22.A.cleverB.badC.scaredD.quick

23.A.exposedB.examinedC.untouchedD.

imbalanced

24.A.supportedB.guaranteedC.imaginedD.

interpreted

25.A.disappointingB.mixedC.suiprisingD.desired

26.A.explainedB.confirmedC.contradictedD.tested

27.A.parentB.childC.researcherD.doctor

28.A.feetB.noseC.handsD.ears

29.A.seeB.helpC.reachD.fool

30.A.eventB.thingC.actionD.accident

31.A.YetB.NowC.SoonD.Once

32.A.speakB.listenC.turnD.wave

33.A.instructionsB.descriptionsC.experimentsD.

assumptions

34.A.comprehendedB.predictedC.exploredD.ignored

35.A.partlyB.honestlyC.vaguelyD.exactly

36.A.responses