初高中英語(yǔ)銜接之定語(yǔ)從句課件

初高中銜接之定語(yǔ)從句授課教師：Translatethesentences.這個(gè)聰明的男孩是我弟弟。Thecleverboyismybrother.———定語(yǔ)我昨天買(mǎi)的那本書(shū)很有趣。ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisinteresting.關(guān)系詞先行詞——————————————定語(yǔ)從句先行詞：被修飾的名詞或代詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞定語(yǔ)從句：用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或者代詞的一個(gè)完整的句子。作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，譯為“....的”關(guān)系詞的作用：1.連接主句和從句2.代替先行詞3.在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)成分Attributiveclause:限制性定語(yǔ)從句

restrictive非限制性定語(yǔ)從句non-restrictive是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關(guān)系十分密切，寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。和主句關(guān)系不很密切，只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句，寫(xiě)時(shí)往往逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。Iwastheonlyperson

whowasinvited.inmyofficeJenny,withwhomIplayedtabletennisyesterday,livesinmynextroom.Theman

whocamehereyesterday

hascomeagain.ThatisMr.Wang,whosedaughterteachesEnglishatamiddleschool.注意：引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞不可用that，指人時(shí)用who(主語(yǔ)),whom(賓語(yǔ))，指物時(shí)須用which.1定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞指人指物who(主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ))，whom(賓語(yǔ))，that(主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)),whose(定語(yǔ))that(主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)),which(主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ))whose(定語(yǔ))where(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))when(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))why(原因狀語(yǔ))who指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)可以省略Thenumberofpeople_________werekilledinthedisasterwasover100.Theman_____________wearetalkingaboutisanexpert.who/thatwho/whom/thatwhom指人，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，可以省略，也可以用who/that替換指人，作主語(yǔ)指人，作賓語(yǔ)Thegirl_____________thesoldierrescuedyesterdayisJohn'ssister.whom/who/thatTherearemanypeoplewith______youcanshareyourfeelings.whom指人，作賓語(yǔ)指人，作賓語(yǔ)指人時(shí)，直接跟在介詞后作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只用whom,不用who和that，不能省略which指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)可以省略Thepicture___________isabouttheaccidentisterrible.Thegoldmedal____________shewonhasbeengiventoherschool.which/thatwhich/thatThisisthehousein______LuXunoncelived.which指物，作主語(yǔ)指物，作賓語(yǔ)指物，作賓語(yǔ)指物時(shí)，直接跟在介詞后作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只用which，不用that，不能省略Thisisthenovel_________interestsme.that指人或物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)可以省略which/thatThemagazine__________Iboughtyesterdayislost.Thenumberofpeople________cometovisitthiscityreaches1million.which/thatwho/that指物，作主語(yǔ)指物，作賓語(yǔ)指人，作主語(yǔ)whose指人和物，表示所屬關(guān)系，在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，意為“...的”Anystudent______familyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.whose指人，作定語(yǔ)Helivesinaroom_______windowfacesnorth.whose指物，作定語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞when，where，why的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因(一般為reason)的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。有時(shí)可用＂介詞＋which＂結(jié)構(gòu)替換。1.Iwillneverforgetthetime______weworkedonthefarm.我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們?cè)谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)的那段時(shí)光。when指時(shí)間，作狀語(yǔ)2.Thisisthehouse______________helivedlastyear.

這是他去年住的房子。where(=inwhich)指地點(diǎn)，作狀語(yǔ)3.Thereason_______hedidn’tattendthemeetingwasthathewasill.why指原因，作狀語(yǔ)如何判斷用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)時(shí)用關(guān)系代詞，不缺時(shí)用關(guān)系副詞1.Iwillneverforgettheday______myfatherreturnedfromAmerica.2.Iwillneverforgettheday___________Ispentwithyou.3.Pleasegivemethereason_______youmadesuchgreatprogress.4.Doyoustillrememberthepark________youvisitedlastyear.5.Thefactory____________myfatherworksisverybig.wherewhich/thatwhywhich/thatwhen常見(jiàn)的幾種關(guān)系代詞只能用that，不能用which的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞為all,each,everything,something,nothing,anything,much,every,no,any,some,many,little,alittle,few,afew,none,either,neither等不定代詞，或被其修飾時(shí)Thereisnotmuch______oughttobedonerightnow.Ididnothing______mighthurtyou.Ihaddoneallthework______hetoldmetodo.thatthatthat2.當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)，或被其修飾時(shí)Thefirst______comestomymindistheWestLake.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.thatthat關(guān)系代詞只能用that，不能用which3.當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修飾時(shí)Thesearticlesaretheveryones______shouldberead.Chattingistheonlything_____interestsher.thatthatShetookphotographsofthethingsandpeople______shewasinterestedin.4.當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)that關(guān)系代詞不能用that的情況1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)2.在介詞后不能用that.Thisisthebook,

whichhegavemeyesterday.這就是他昨天給我的那本書(shū)。Thisisthebankin

whichtherobberyhappened.這是那家發(fā)生搶劫案的銀行。小結(jié)：1.在逗號(hào)后；2.在介詞后Exercisesthat1.Thebook____________wasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.2.Thisisthemostbeautifulmountain____Ihaveseen.3.Ihaveafriend__________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.4.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.5.Herearesomepeople

___

Iwantyoutomeet.6.Finally,thethiefhandedineverything_______hehadstolen.7.Weallliketheteachers_______classesareinterestingandcreative.8.Iwillneverforgetthepac