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人教版(2019)選擇性必修一Unit4BodyLanguageLearningAboutLanguageBuildupyourvocabularyLearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1.enhanceyourownvocabularythroughlearningaboutthedifferentformsofthewords;2.understandthedifferenceinmeaningofwordsthatarespeltthesamebasedontheirpartsofspeechorusage;3.graspandpractisewordsincontext;4.getintothehabitoflookingupdictionariesduringlearning.Fillinthetablewithdifferentformsofthewords.Refertoadictionaryifnecessary.NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbdiffervaryrelyinteractapproveembarrassdifferencedifferentdifferentlyvariance/variable/variability/variationvariable/various/variedvariously/variablyreliance/reliabilityreliablereliablyinteractioninteractiveinteractivelyapprovalapproving/approvedapprovinglyembarrassmentembarrassing/embarrassedembarrassinglyWorkoutthemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordsinthesentencesbelow.Inpairs,listmorewordsofthesamekind.1.Irestmyheadonthedesktogetsomerest.

2.Thechilddisplayedgreatinterestinthehugefireworksdisplay.3.Moststudentsfavourtheplan,whiletheirteachersareinfavourofit.4.Jeremywitnessedthewholeincidentandwasexpectedthebethekeywitness

atthetrail.5.Hislackofeyecontactwhentalkingwithpeopleshowsthathelacks

confidence.6.Whenhenoticedaslightfrownonhistwinsister’sface,hefrownedaswell.1.Irestmyheadonthedesktogetsomerest.

2.Thechilddisplayedgreatinterestinthehugefireworksdisplay.3.Moststudentsfavourtheplan,whiletheirteachersareinfavourofit.restv.toplaceorputn.whensomeonestopsdoingthingssotheirbodycanrecoverenergydisplayv.toshown.ashowfavourv.topreferorlike;(in)favour(of)n.beingfor,approvingof4.Jeremywitnessedthewholeincidentandwasexpectedthebethekeywitness

atthetrial.5.Hislackofeyecontactwhentalkingwithpeopleshowsthathelacks

confidence.6.Whenhenoticedaslightfrownonhistwinsister’sface,hefrownedaswell.witnessv.toseesomethingespeciallyacrimeoranimportanteventn.apersonwhotellswhathe/shesawtothepoliceoratatriallackn.absencev.tonothavefrownn.afacialexpressionthatshowssadnessordisapprovalv.tomakeafacialexpressionthatshowssadnessordisapproval1.Thepresidentstudiedthelatestreportinhisstudy.

2.Keeparecordofallthepayments.

Thereisnothingtostopviewersfromrecordingthefilmsonvideotape.3.I’mdoingsomeresearchonthesubject.Shespenttwoyearsresearchingandfilmingherdocumentary.4.Iputmyhandintomypocketandpulledouttheletter.Pleasehandmethatbook.5.Heshowednotabitofinterestintheplan.Thingsofthatnaturedonotinterestme.(studyv.研究

n.書房)(recordn.記錄)(recordv.錄制)(researchn.研究)(researchv.研究)(hand

n.手)(hand

v.遞給,傳遞)(interestn.興趣)(interestv.使感興趣)Workoutthemeaningsofmorewordsofthesamekind.bycontrast bycomparison breakdown interactiondemonstrate approveof clue gestureWhenwethinkaboutnonverbalbehaviour,orbodylanguage,wethinkaboutcommunication.Whenwethinkaboutcommunication,wethinkabout___________.Sowhatisourbodylanguage

___________toothers?Socialscientistshavespentalotoftimelookingattheeffectsofourbodylanguage.Wemakeassessmentsandinferencesfrombodylanguage.Andaccordingtothosejudgementswe___________onepersonanddislikeanother.Sobodylanguageprovidesexternal___________

thatareinfluencedbyinternalthoughtsandfeelings.Scientistshavefoundthatwhendemonstratinginteraction approveofcluesReadthepassageaboutbodylanguage.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.wefeelproudandpowerful,weusuallystraightenuptomakeourselvesbigger.___________,whenwefeelpowerless,wetendtoslump,makingourselvessmaller.Itisobviousthatourmindscaninfluenceourbodies.Butisitalsotruethatourbodiescanaffectourminds?Scientificexperimentsshowthatifwemakepowerful__________

longenough,wemayactuallyfeelmorepowerful.Peoplewhoremembertousepositivebodylanguagearemorelikelytofeelpositive___________,sosomescientistssuggestthatweuseourbodiestotrypowerposingtohelp___________

ourfeelingsofshynessandpowerlessness.Bycontrast gestures bycomparison breakdown bycontrast bycomparison breakdown interactiondemonstrate approveof clue gestureDiscoverusefulstructuresLearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1.learnhowtoidentifytheusesofthe-ingformastheobjectandthepredicative;2.practiseusing-ingformandanalysetheiruses;3.usethe-ingformtodescribethebodylanguageshowninthepictures.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Let’sreviewthetextwehavelearnt.Lead-in

Whatcanwelearnaboutwhatpeoplearethinking?

Whatiscrucialwhenyouusebodylanguage?objectpredicative-ingformasobjectandpredicativePayattentiontothe-ingformofthewordsLookattheexamplesbelow,payingattentiontotheitalicisedparts.Findotherexamplesfromthereadingtext.

Sheenjoyslearningaboutbodylanguageindifferentcultures.(object)

Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinaway…(predicative)

However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.

Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.

Agoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.

Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.objectobjectpredicativepredicativePresentationThe-ingform1.概述:動(dòng)詞的-ing形式具有動(dòng)詞的特征,同時(shí)又具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征,因此它可以在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。2.形式:-ing形式由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ing構(gòu)成?!飫?dòng)詞-ing形式的否定形式是在其前加not時(shí)態(tài)形式一般式主動(dòng):doing被動(dòng):beingdone完成式主動(dòng):havingdone被動(dòng):havingbeendone3.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ):(1)-ing形式作某些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞如下:mind(介意) suggest(建議) enjoy(喜歡)admit(承認(rèn)) appreciate(感激,欣賞) avoid(避免)delay(推遲) dislike(不喜歡) escape(逃脫)finish(完成) forgive(寬?。?imagine(想象)keep(保持) miss(錯(cuò)過(guò)) resist(抵抗) risk(冒險(xiǎn)) deny(拒絕,否認(rèn)) consider(考慮)e.g.:Isuggest

doingitinadifferentway.Weenjoy

attendingMissLi’sclass.(2)-ing形式作介詞賓語(yǔ),經(jīng)常用在一些動(dòng)介詞搭配的短語(yǔ)后面。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)介詞搭配+-ing形式有:can’t

help(忍不?。?/p>

beproudof(以……自豪)beresponsiblefor(對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé))

insiston(堅(jiān)持)keepon(繼續(xù))

thinkof(考慮,想到)dreamof(夢(mèng)想)

hearof(聽(tīng)說(shuō))

prevent...from(防止,阻止)

keep...from(防止,阻止)

stop...from(防止,阻止)

beengagedin(從事于)dependon(依靠,依賴)

thank...for(因……而道謝)excuse...for(因……而道歉)

aimat(目的在于)...(3)動(dòng)詞need,require,want作“需要”以及deserve作“值得”之意時(shí),后面接-ing形式或動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式。need/want/require/deservedoing=need/want/require/deserve

to

be

done

e.g.:

The

bike

needs

repairing/to

be

repaired.Theselittlechildrenrequirelookingaftercarefully/tobelookedaftercarefully.Yourshoesneedcleaning/tobecleaned.Theroomwantscleaning/tobecleaned.(4)用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的句型:It

is

no

use/gooddoing

做某事沒(méi)有用/沒(méi)好處sendsbdoingsth

使得某人做某事spendsometime(in)doingsth

花時(shí)間做某事havefun/haveagoodtime/haveabadtimedoingsth

做某事很(不)愉快have(no)difficulty(in)doingsth

做某事有(沒(méi)有)困難catchsbdoingsth

碰上/捉住某人做某事thereinnopointdoingsth

做某事沒(méi)有意義thereisnodenyingthat...

毋庸置疑……“There

is

nodoing...”

表示“不允許、禁止某種行為的發(fā)生或存在”e.g.:

Ihavenodifficulty(in)communicatingwithforeigners.(5)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)VS動(dòng)詞的

todo形式作賓語(yǔ)①

在表示抽象的一般的多次性行為時(shí)多用-ing形式;在表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作,特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí),多用todo。e.g.:

Smokingisforbiddenhere.(泛指吸煙)e.g.:

It’snotgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.(指你吸煙)②

有些動(dòng)詞既能接不定式todo,又能接-ing形式,表達(dá)的意義不一樣。如:remember

doing

sth

記得做了某事 remember

to

do

sth

記住要去做某事forget

doing

sth

忘記做了某事

forget

to

do

sth

忘記要去做某事

regret

doing

sth

后悔做了某事

regret

to

do

sth

遺憾要去做某事

e.g.:Irememberpostingtheletter.I’llremembertoposttheletter.Iregretmissingthereport.IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradvice.4.動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作表語(yǔ):(1)作用:①用來(lái)泛指某種動(dòng)作或行為,以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份。e.g.:Mygreathappinessisservingpeople.②表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容,表示與主語(yǔ)一樣的事情或情況。e.g.:Herhobbyispainting.③

用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物(主語(yǔ))的特征,相當(dāng)于形容詞。修飾物時(shí)用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞。e.g.Theresultofthestudent’stestisdisappointing.(2)-ing形式作表語(yǔ)VS-ed形式作表語(yǔ)。-ing形式用來(lái)描述事物的特征,表示“令人……的”;-ed形式用來(lái)描述人的感受,表示“感到……的”。e.g.:Travelingisinterestingbuttiring.Thepupilswillgetconfusediftheyaremadetolearntoomuch.exciting令人激動(dòng)的excited興奮的interesting

使人感興趣的interested

感興趣的disappointing

令人失望的disappointed

感到失望的encouraging

令人鼓舞的encouraged

感到鼓舞的puzzling

令人費(fèi)解的puzzled

感到費(fèi)解的satisfying

令人滿意的satisfied

感到滿意的amuse teach breakdown callon bow getthrough assess1.Bill’sjobis________signlanguage.2.Thethemeofhispresentationis_____________barriersbetweengroups.3.By_______,wemean“bendingourheadorbodyforwardasasignofrespectorshame”.4._____________threekilometresofheavytraffictookmealmost25minutes.5.Weintendedtovisitthethemeparkbutendedup

_________ProfessorZhang.teachingbreakingdownbowingGettingthroughcallingonCompletethesentencesusingthe-ingformofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.Twoareextra.Thenstatetheirfunctions.predicativepredicativeobjectsubjectadverbialPracticeReadthepassage.Underlineandcorrectthemistakes.Bodylanguageisasimportantaswordsincommunicatewithotherpeople.Thecrucialfactorisrecognisethefactthatbodylanguagediffersinvariouscultures,butitisalsoimportantto“doinRomeastheRomansdo”.Forexample,showthegesturefor“OK”inmanyculturescanmeaning“money”inJapanor“zero”inFrance.Bycontrast,makesuchagestureinBrazilorGermanycanbeingoffensive.Ofcourse,somebodylanguageissharingbyallcultures.Forinstance,wavedone’shandwhileseeyourfriendoffisliketosay“Good-bye”,andsmileoftengetspeoplethroughdifficultsituations.communicatingrecognisingshowingmeanmakingbesharedwavingseeingsayingsmilingWorkbookWorkbookCompletetheconversationbytranslatingtheChinesewordsintoEnglish.Usethe-ingformifpossible.Rose(R)isaskingschoolcounsellorCasey(C)aboutbodylanguage.R:HowwillIknowifsomeoneisn’tinterestedinwhatI’msaying?C:Althoughbodylanguageisnotthesameforeveryone,thereareafewgeneralsignsyoucanlookfor,suchaslackofeyecontact,beingdistracted,____________________(看天花板)orotherthingslikeacellphone,theirbodyandfeetturningawayfromyou,or__________________________(突然改變主意).Youcouldalsosimplyaskifthetopicisn’tinterestingorchangethesubjectby____________________(問(wèn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題).Forexample,“Anyway,that’senoughaboutmytrip;whatdidyouendupdoingthisweekend?”lookingattheceilingsuddenlychangingtheirmindaskingaquestionR:Whatdoesitmeanifsomeonelooksatmeallthetime?C:Thatmaymeanthepersonlikesyouorisinterestedin________________________(逐步認(rèn)識(shí)你).Thattypeoflookusuallymeans__________________________(請(qǐng)你接著說(shuō)下去).R:Whatdoesitmeanifapersonstretchestheirneck?C:Itcouldjustmeanthattheirneckneeds________(伸展).Ontheotherhand,itcouldalsobeasignof______________________(感到不舒服)withthecurrentsituation.Aperson___________________(經(jīng)歷焦躁)canalsoactsimilarly.R:Whatsortofbodylanguagecanshowthatsomeoneislying?C:Thismayvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplewouldavoid__________________(凝視你的雙眼).Otherswouldalsoshifttheirbodies,adjusttheirclothing,orplaywiththeirhair.graduallygettingtoknowyouwaitingforyoutogoontalkingstretchingfeelinguncomfortableexperiencinganxietystaringatyoureyesCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.Canyouaddmoreexamplestoexplainhowyoureadbodylanguage?lie challenge considerindividualdifferences maintainconsiderthewholepicture evaluateapatient’sconditionReadingbodylanguageisnotaneasytask.Itcanbe__________becauseinterpretingthesignsthatanothershowsrequires____________________________.Inthissense,itcanbecomparedtoadoctor___________________________.______________________________isalsokeytoreadingpeople’sbodylanguageaccurately.Forexample,when______,somepeopleavoideyecontact.Bycontrast,othersmay________eyecontactevenlongerthanusual.challengingconsideringthewholepictureevaluatingapatient’sconditionConsideringindividualdifferenceslyingmaintainTalkaboutthebodylanguageyoucanreadfromthefollowingpictures.Useatleastone-ingformforeachpicture.ProductionThemanenjoyslookingathimselfinthemirror.Thewomanshowsherimpatiencebylookingatherwatch.Theboyisfearful,tryingtorunawayfromanangrydog.Makeupatleasttwosentencesusingthe-ingformineachfunction.-ingformasthesubject-ingformastheobject-ingformasthepredicativeSwimmingismyfavouriteactivity.Watchingfilmscanbeveryentertaining.Nearlyeveryoneenjoyseatingicecreamnowandthen.Mikeprefersridingbikesoverwalking.Ouremphasisinthisclassislearningbody

language.Jim’shobbyiscollectingstamps.WorkbookMakeupatleasttwosentencesusingthe-ingformineachfunction.-ingformastheattribute-ingformastheadverbial-ingformastheobjectcomplementAlittlechildlearningtowalkoften

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