標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀

《GB/T 44338-2024 橘小實蠅檢疫處理技術(shù)要求》這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文件，主要規(guī)定了在防止橘小實蠅（Bactrocera dorsalis）擴散和入侵過程中，對受其影響或潛在受影響的植物及其產(chǎn)品進行檢疫處理的具體方法和技術(shù)要求。橘小實蠅是一種重要的水果害蟲，能夠嚴重損害柑橘類及其他多種水果和蔬菜作物。為了保護農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)安全及國際貿(mào)易順利進行，制定該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)顯得尤為重要。以下是該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要內(nèi)容的概述：

  1. 范圍：明確了本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于進出境植物及其產(chǎn)品中橘小實蠅的檢疫處理，包括但不限于水果、蔬菜及其繁殖材料。同時也適用于國內(nèi)疫情發(fā)生區(qū)域的產(chǎn)品調(diào)運前處理。

  2. 規(guī)范性引用文件：列出了執(zhí)行本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時需要參考的其他相關(guān)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確保處理方法和技術(shù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化與一致性。

  3. 術(shù)語和定義：對橘小實蠅、檢疫處理、冷處理、熱處理、輻照處理等相關(guān)專業(yè)術(shù)語進行了明確界定，便于讀者理解標(biāo)準(zhǔn)內(nèi)容。

  4. 檢疫處理方法：

    • 冷處理：詳細說明了使用低溫控制橘小實蠅的方法，包括處理溫度、持續(xù)時間以及監(jiān)測和驗證處理效果的程序。
    • 熱處理：規(guī)定了通過高溫殺滅橘小實蠅的具體條件，如處理溫度、時間及監(jiān)控要求。
    • 輻照處理：闡述了利用輻射技術(shù)滅活橘小實蠅的技術(shù)參數(shù)，包括輻照劑量、穿透力要求等。
    • 化學(xué)熏蒸：雖然可能包含，但需注意環(huán)境保護和人體健康安全，規(guī)定了允許使用的熏蒸劑種類、濃度、時間和安全操作規(guī)程。

  5. 處理設(shè)施與設(shè)備要求：描述了實施上述處理方法所需的設(shè)施和設(shè)備標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確保處理過程的有效性和安全性。

  6. 處理效果評估：提供了評估檢疫處理是否達到預(yù)期效果的方法和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，包括實驗室檢測方法和現(xiàn)場快速篩查技術(shù)。

  7. 記錄與標(biāo)識：強調(diào)了處理過程中及處理后應(yīng)建立詳細記錄，并對符合要求的產(chǎn)品進行適當(dāng)標(biāo)識，以便追溯和監(jiān)管。

  8. 監(jiān)督管理：規(guī)定了相關(guān)部門對檢疫處理過程及結(jié)果的監(jiān)督和管理措施，確保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的執(zhí)行力度和合規(guī)性。

該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)旨在為橘小實蠅的防控提供科學(xué)依據(jù)和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，保障農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易安全，防止有害生物隨貨物傳播，保護農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)環(huán)境。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請直接參考下方經(jīng)官方授權(quán)發(fā)布的權(quán)威標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔。

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文檔簡介

ICS

65.020.20

CCS

B16

中華人民共和國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T44338—2024

橘小實蠅檢疫處理技術(shù)要求

Technicalrequirementsforphytosanitarytreatmentof

Bactroceradorsalis(Hendel)

2024-08-23發(fā)布2025-03-01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會

GB/T44338—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術(shù)語和定義

···························································································

1

4

熏蒸處理

······························································································

2

4.1

基本要求

·························································································

2

4.2

技術(shù)參數(shù)

·························································································

3

4.3

操作程序

·························································································

3

4.4

結(jié)果判定

·························································································

3

5

冷處理

································································································

3

5.1

基本要求

·························································································

3

5.2

技術(shù)參數(shù)

·························································································

3

5.3

操作程序

·························································································

3

5.4

結(jié)果判定

·························································································

3

6

輻照處理

······························································································

4

6.1

基本要求

·························································································

4

6.2

技術(shù)參數(shù)

·························································································

4

6.3

操作程序

·························································································

4

6.4

結(jié)果判定

·························································································

4

7

蒸熱處理

······························································································

4

7.1

基本要求

·························································································

4

7.2

技術(shù)參數(shù)

·························································································

4

7.3

操作程序

·························································································

4

7.4

結(jié)果判定

·························································································

5

附錄A（資料性）橘小實蠅檢疫處理技術(shù)指標(biāo)

·······················································

6

參考文獻

································································································

10

表A.1橘小實蠅溴甲烷熏蒸處理技術(shù)指標(biāo)

·····························································

6

表A.2橘小實蠅磷化氫熏蒸處理技術(shù)指標(biāo)

·····························································

6

表A.3橘小實蠅冷處理技術(shù)指標(biāo)

·······································································

7

表A.4橘小實蠅輻照處理技術(shù)指標(biāo)

·····································································

8

表A.5橘小實蠅蒸熱處理技術(shù)指標(biāo)

·····································································

8

Ⅰ

GB/T44338—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由全國植物檢疫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會（SAC/TC271）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國檢驗檢疫科學(xué)研究院、廣州海關(guān)技術(shù)中心、中華人民共和國成都海關(guān)、全國

農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心、上海海關(guān)學(xué)院、中國海關(guān)科學(xué)技術(shù)研究中心、中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)。

本文件主要起草人：劉濤、李麗、曹文澤、李柏樹、趙菊鵬、王勇濤、馬晨、焦彬彬、詹國平、

鄭春生、張俊爭。

Ⅲ

GB/T44338—2024

橘小實蠅檢疫處理技術(shù)要求

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了對橘小實蠅[Bactroceradorsalis（Hendel）]實施檢疫處理的技術(shù)要求。

本文件適用于對攜帶橘小實蠅的水果、蔬菜的熏蒸處理、冷處理、輻照處理和蒸熱處理。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

GB/T15446輻射加工劑量學(xué)術(shù)語

GB16334γ輻照裝置食品加工實用劑量學(xué)導(dǎo)則

GB18871電離輻射防護與輻射源安全基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T21659植物檢疫措施準(zhǔn)則輻照處理

GB/T31752溴甲烷檢疫熏蒸庫技術(shù)規(guī)范

GB/T36854集裝箱熏蒸操作規(guī)程

GBZ2.1工作場所有害因素職業(yè)接觸限值第1部分：化學(xué)有害因素

SN/T3282檢疫熏蒸處理基本要求

SN/T3291熱處理通用要求

SN/T3401進出境植物檢疫熏蒸處理后熏蒸劑殘留濃度檢測規(guī)程

SN/T4331進境水果檢疫輻照處理基本技術(shù)要求

SN/T4862水果中實蠅類害蟲冷處理技術(shù)指南

SN/T5398進出境水果冷處理操作規(guī)程

ISPM5植物檢疫術(shù)語表（Glossaryofphytosanitaryterms）

ISPM18使用輻照作為植物檢疫措施的要求（Guidelinesfort

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