2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省惠州市惠東縣高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題含答案

2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省惠州市惠東縣高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題試卷共8頁，卷面滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，用簽字筆直接將答案寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOverthepastyear,severalfilmsandTVdramashaveputtheirshootinglocationsintothepublicspotlight.DaliinYunnanProvinceWiththeTVdramaMeetYourselfearlierlastyear,DaliinYunnanProvinceemergedasahighlysought-aftertourismdestination.DuringtheSpringFestivalholiday,YunnanProvincereceivedthesecondmosttouristsinthenationwithatourismprofitof38.4billionyuan,rankingtop.Amongthis,Dalireceived4.24milliontourists,markingaremarkable219percentincreasecomparedtothepreviousyear.JiangmeninGuangdongProvinceThankstothesuccessofthehitshowTheKnockout,JiangmeninGuangdongProvincebecameanoutstandingtourismdestinationlastyearDatarevealsaremarkable217percentmonth-on-monthincreaseinsearchesrelatedtotourisminthecityinFebruary.Currently,travelbookingswitnessasubstantial144percentmonth-on-monthrise.TaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxiProvinceFullRiverRedhassetTaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxionfirewithexcitement.FromJan.21to31,thecountywitnessedover400,000tourists,asignificantrisecomparedtotheabout180,000visitorsduringthepreviousSpringFestivalholiday.Notably,one-thirdofthesetouristswerefromoutsideShanxiProvince.NingboMuseuminZhejiangProvinceWiththebroadcastoftheTVdramaThree-BodyProblem,NingboMuseumhasgainedsignificantattention.ThenumberoftouristsduringtheSpringFestivallastyearwasabout23,000,butthisyearwasa120%increase.Evenafterthefestival,therewere2,000to3,000visitorsdailyconsistently.1.WhatwastheimpactofMeetYourself?A.Itcontributedtothetourismprofits. B.IthelpedDaliearn38.4billionyuan.C.ItmadeYunnanatourismdestination. D.ItrankedDaliatoptourismdestination.2.Whichplacehasapromisingreservationatpresent?A.Dali. B.TaiyuanAncientCounty.C.Jiangmen. D.NingboMuseum.3.HowmanypeoplevisitedNingboMuseumduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear?A.Nearly23,000. B.Below400,000. C.About50,000. D.2,000to3,000.BInBududa,alushyetlandslide-pronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36-year-old,holdingaredbucket.Fromfarmingstock,Maryfirstwenttoworkwithherfatherattheageof10.Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.Shemarriedintocoffeetoo,withherhusbandgivingher100treesasaweddingpresent.ButMary’ssinceplantedmorethan300herselfandjoinedawomen’scooperative.“Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbecomeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(發(fā)酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomen-led,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.Ithasn’tbeenaneasyjourneyfortheBududafarmers,who’vefacedannuallandslidesforthepast15years.In2018,Mary’smother’shousewasdestroyedandshelostsomeofhercoffeeplantations.Shedreamsoflivinginasolidlybuilthousewithwaternearby,soshedoesn’thavetotrek(跋涉)alongwaytofetchit－butthesewilltaketimetosavefor.“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.4.WhatroledoescoffeeplayinMary’shometown?A.Asignificantsourceofincome. B.Abondofloveandmarriage.C.Asymbolofwealthandstatus. D.Abarriertofrequentlandslides.5.Howdoesthewomen’scooperativebenefitfemalecoffeefarmers?A.Byprovidingthemwithhighqualitytrees. B.Byaccessingthemtobettersaleschannels.C.Byliberatingthemfromtheirhusbands. D.Byenablingthemtocontroltheirbusiness.6.WhyistheprocessingofcoffeebeansmentionedinParagraph3?A.TodisplayMary’stechnicalproficiency.B.ToprovethehighqualityofUgandancoffee.C.TohighlightMary’sdedicationanddiligence.D.Toemphasizethedifficultiesofplantingcoffee.7.WhatdoesMarymeaninthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Sheplanstoexpandhercoffeeplantingbusiness. B.Shedesirestoachieveeconomicindependence.C.Shethinkstheroadtohappinessisstilldistant. D.Shebelievesherhardworkwillfinallypayoff.CFordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostvaluableandconsequentlymostcloselyguardedpartofthebody.Lockedsafelybehindtheblood-brainbarrier,itwasbroadlyfreeoftheharmofvirusesandthebattlesstartedbytheimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)).Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptomsnottypicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussystem,butthebrainplaysalargepartinthem.Forexample,thedevelopmentofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofnervecellsthatcontrolbodytemperatureandappetite.Evidenceismountingthatcancersusenervestogrowandspread.Theinterconnectionbetweenthebrainandbodyhaspromisingimplicationsforourabilitytobothunderstandandtreatillnesses.Ifsomebraindisordersstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapstreatmentsforthemcouldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Italsoworksintheoppositedirection.Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.8.Whatdotheresearchersfocusonaboutthebrain?A.Itsprotectingsystem. B.Itsexposuretodiseases.C.Itscontrollingfunction. D.Itsconnectiontothebody.9.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisideainparagraph2?A.Byexplainingatheory. B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bypresentingcauseandeffect.10.Whichbestdescribestreatmentsthatdonotcrosstheblood-brainbarrier?A.Cheaper. B.Morespecific.C.Safer. D.Moredirect.11.Whatdoesthestudysuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Brainhealthdependsonimmunechanges.BBrainstimulationleadstonegativeemotions.C.Thebraincanhelpenhancepsychologicalhealth.D.Thebrainmaybekeytotreatingphysicaldiseases.DBirdersgetnervouswhentheyseelandscapescoveredinwindturbines(渦輪機).Whenthewindgetsgoing,theirblades(葉片)canturnaroundatwellover200kmperhour.Itiseasytoimaginecarelessbirdsgettingcutintopiecesandwindturbinesdoindeedkillatleastsomebirds.ButanewanalysisofAmericandatasuggeststhenumbersarenegligible,andhavelittleimpactonbirdpopulations.ErikKatovich,aneconomistattheUniversityofGeneva,madeuseoftheChristmasBirdCount,acitizen-scienceprojectrunbytheNationalAudubonSociety.VolunteerscountbirdstheyspotoverChristmas,andthesocietygathersthenumbers.Heassumed,reasonably,thatifwindturbinesharmedbirdpopulations,thenumbersseenintheChristmasBirdCountwoulddropinplaceswherenewturbineshadbeenbuilt.Combiningbirdpopulationandspeciesmapswiththelocationsandconstructiondatesofallwindturbines,hefoundbuildingturbineshadnonoticeableeffectonbirdpopulations.Insteadoflimitinghisanalysistowindpoweralone,healsoexaminedoil-and-gasextraction(開采),whichhasboomedinAmericaoverthepastcoupleofdecades.Comparingbirdpopulationstothelocationsofnewgaswellsrevealedanaverage15%dropinbirdnumberswhennewwellsweredrilled,probablyduetoacombinationofnoise,airpollutionandthedisturbanceofriversandpondsthatmanybirdsrelyupon.Whendrillinghappenedinmigrationcenters,feedinggroundsorbreedinglocations,birdnumbersinsteaddroppedby25%.Windpower,inotherwords,notonlyproducesfarlessplanet-heatingcarbondioxideandmethanethandofossilfuels.Itappearstobesignificantlylessdamagingtowildlife,too.Yetthatisnottheimpressionyouwouldgetfromreadingthenews.DrKatovichfound173storiesinmajorAmericannewsmediareportingthesupposednegativeeffectsthatwindturbineshadonbirdsin2020,comparedwithonly46storiesdiscussingtheeffectsofoil-and-gaswells.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“negligible”inparagraph1mean?A.Insignificant. B.Inaccurate. C.Inconsistent. D.Indefinite.13.WhatisDrKatovich'sconclusionbasedon?A.Previousstudies. B.Relevantdata.C.Reasonableprediction. D.Experimentresults.14.Whatmessagedoesparagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?A.Oil-and-gasextractionhasexpandedinAmerica.B.Birdsareheavilydependentonriversandponds.C.Manyfactorsleadtothedeclineofbirdpopulations.D.Welldrillingposesaseriousthreattobirds'survival.15.WhichofthefollowingmayDrKatovichagreewith?A.Windturbinescouldsharetheskywithwildlife.B.Moreevidenceisneededtoconfirmthefinding.C.Windpowerwillbesubstitutedforfossilfuels.D.Windturbinesdeservewidermediacoverage.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenwearefacedwithacrisis,orifwehaveanimportantdecisiontomake,manyofusfallintothetrapofover-thinking.Wemaykeepthinkingaboutsomethingconstantlyandtoolong.____16____Howcanwestopourselvesfromover-thinking?Doingsomethingtodistractyourselfisagoodidea.Youcanfindworkingwithyourhandsisespeciallygood.____17____Yourbrainsimplydoesn’thavetheresourcestosplititselfintoathirdactivity,forexampleover-thinking.____18____Studieshaveshownthatwhensomeoneviewssomethinginexcitementandanxiety,thebrainisforcedtobecomestuckinthepresentbecauseallofyoursensesarecompletelyengaged.Youdonothavetimetofocusonsomethingdifferent,whichcancauseover-thinking.Constantwishing,hopingandprayingdonotgiveyouanyrelief.Theyjustkeepyoustuckinoneplace.Buttakingthesmalleststepoffthecrisisreallymatters.Itwillsetthingsinmotion,makingyoulikeasnowball.____19____Thetrapsarethingsthatcauseyournaturalabilitytoreactwithoutyourealizingthatthereisaconnectionbetweenthetwo.Thus,avoidingrelevanttrapsisalsoagoodidea.____20____Forexample,ifoneofyourcolleaguesissonegativethatshealwaysdragsyoudown,stophangingoutwithherbyhavinglunchaloneatanearbyrestaurant.A.Thismindsettendstoruinourday.B.Putsimplyoutofsight,outofmind.C.Justasasayinggoes,oncebitten,twiceshy.D.Youarereallygettingyourbrainworkingforyou.E.Otheractivitiesaretheonesthatarouseyourcuriosity.F.Itengagesyourmovementskillsandthinkingprocess.G.Thus,youwillgraduallymoveyourselfoutofthefeeling.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Tobias,a35-year-oldBelgianmusician,hasbecomepopularonsocialmediaforhisexcellentgraspoftheShanghaidialect.Hehasbeensharinghiseverydayexperiences,whichhe___21___inShanghaidialect,onvideo-sharingandlifestyle___22___DouyinandXiaohongshu,winningthousandsoffollowersandmillionsof___23___Inthevideos,hespeaks___24___Shanghaidialect,whichmanynon-localsbelieveisasdifficulttolearnand___25___asaforeignlanguage.Hetalksaboutwalkingonthecity’sstreets,enjoyingthefoodandmusic,and___26___hisdailylifeinthecity.Tobiasstartedshootingand___27___theseshortvideosforhisownpracticepurposes.Hedidn’texpectsomanypeoplewouldbewatchingthem,followinghimandsendinghim___28___andencouragement.Tobiasdidnotburyhisnoseintextbooksor___29___intensivestudytolearnShanghainese.Hesaidhislearning_____30_____involvedgettingimmersed(沉浸)inalanguageenvironment,havingapositiveattitude,andspeaking_____31_____“withoutbeingafraidtomakemistakes”.HewasnotthinkingtoomuchwhenhestartedlearningtheShanghaidialect—itwasjustfor_____32_____.Tobiassaidhedidnotexpecthewould_____33_____thepromotionoftheShanghaidialect,butitwouldbean_____34_____andpleasureifhispostsencouragedhisfollowerstolearnandpassonthedialect.“Ibelieveadialectistheheartofalocal_____35_____”saidthemusician.21.A.acts B.delivers C.competes D.votes22.A.approaches B.habits C.platforms D.communities23.A.likes B.dollars C.medals D.chances24.A.ancient B.sweet C.modern D.fluent25.A.understand B.write C.create D.practise26.A.advancing B.searching C.recording D.observing27.A.testing B.reviewing C.selling D.posting28.A.notes B.comments C.reports D.replies29.A.interrupt B.assess C.conduct D.appreciate30.A.materials B.methods C.objectives D.resources31.A.secretly B.slowly C.happily D.bravely32.A.fun B.work C.fame D.show33.A.stickto B.contributeto C.focuson D.relyon34.A.advantage B.opportunity C.honor D.option35.A.authority B.history C.custom D.culture第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AgroupofchildreninZimbabwe,acountryinsoutheastAfrica,arecloselyfollowingaseriesofmartialarts(武術(shù))movementsperformedinaslowandfocusedmanneraccompaniedbydepbreathing,withtheireyesfixedontheirChinesetaichimaster.___36___(actual),thegroupoftaichienthusiastsareenjoyingthepowerofconcentrationundertheguidanceoftheirinstructor,45-yeat-oldZhuWei,___37___isthecaptainoftheChinesemedicalteaminZimbabwe.“Taichiincreasesfocusandmakesstudents,fromschoolchildrentocollegestudents,concentrate___38___studies.”hesays.Taichiisamind-bodyexerciserootedinmultipleChinesetraditions,includingmartialarts,___39___(tradition)Chinesemedicineandphilosophy.Itemphasizesamind-bodyconnection___40___(use)gentlemovements,meditation(冥想)anddeepbreathing.Martialarts___41___(recognize)asafitnesspractice,with___42___widerangeofhealthbenefits.Zhusaystaichiprovidesmentalhealthbenefitslikeimprovedfocus,aswellas___43___(decrease)stress,anxietyanddepression.Inaddition,itcanimproveachild’s___44___(confident)andphysicalstrength.Organizerofthechildren’seventsAbrahamMatukasayskeepingyoungstersbusyandentertainedwithactivitiesliketaichi___45___(help)meetchallengesofdrugandotherteenagercrimesinlow-incometownships.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，近日參加了學(xué)校的創(chuàng)意手工作品展，外籍筆友David對你的作品很感興趣。請用英語給他寫封郵件，介紹你的作品及感受。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearDavid,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Mytwo-year-olddaughterwaslovinglysquished(擠)betweenastackofgroceriesinoneofmytwoshoppingcarts(購物車).Shoppingonceamonthwasawell-plannedprocess.MylistwasorganizedsothatIwouldn’tmissevenoneitem.Agentlemanstoodbehindmewiththreeitemsinhishands.Helookedupathiswatchthenatmeandsmiled.I’dalreadyletapersonaheadofmewithasingleitem.Whilemydaughterwasbehavingwell.IknewI’dpushedherlongerthanherendurancepromisedtolast.Still,Ifeltfortheman:Heobviouslyhadtobesomewhere,andhe’dbebehindmeagoodlongtime.“Whydon’tyougoaheadofme?”Isaidshiftingthecartbackwards.“Youonlyhaveacoupleofitems.”“Thankyou,”herepliedappreciatively,steppingaheadofme.Mydaughtergavehimabroadsmile.“Hehwo,”shesaidinhersweetestvoice.“Hello,”hereplied,takenoffguardbyherfriendliness.Hisfacelitwithpleasure.Asthebeltmovedforward,Istartedunloadingmycart.Iwasonlyhalfwayfinishedunloadingthefirstcartwhenarealizationhitme.Myhusbandhadborrowedmybankcardthenightbeforeandhehadn’treturnedit.Myheartdropped.Thegentlemaninfrontofmehadpaidandwaspickinguphisgroceries.“I’veforgottenmybankcard.CouldIpaywithmyphone?”Iaskedthecashierhopefully.“I’msorryWeonlyacceptcreditcardorcash.”Thecashierlookedattheamountofgroceriesimpatiently.I’msureshewaspredictingshe’dhavetoputitemsbackontheshelves.“Itwilltakemetwohourstorunhomeandback.Canyoujustputmystuffonthesideplease?”Iwasdiscouraged.Allmycarefulplanninghadn’thelped.ThehourandahalfofshoppingleftmetiredoutandIwasn’tsurehowmydaughterwouldhandleanothertwohoursinthecar.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答Justthen,thegentlemaninfrontofmesmiledatme._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thenextmorning,Iknockedatthegentleman’sdoortoreturnthemoney.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省惠州市惠東縣高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題答案版試卷共8頁，卷面滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，用簽字筆直接將答案寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOverthepastyear,severalfilmsandTVdramashaveputtheirshootinglocationsintothepublicspotlight.DaliinYunnanProvinceWiththeTVdramaMeetYourselfearlierlastyear,DaliinYunnanProvinceemergedasahighlysought-aftertourismdestination.DuringtheSpringFestivalholiday,YunnanProvincereceivedthesecondmosttouristsinthenationwithatourismprofitof38.4billionyuan,rankingtop.Amongthis,Dalireceived4.24milliontourists,markingaremarkable219percentincreasecomparedtothepreviousyear.JiangmeninGuangdongProvinceThankstothesuccessofthehitshowTheKnockout,JiangmeninGuangdongProvincebecameanoutstandingtourismdestinationlastyearDatarevealsaremarkable217percentmonth-on-monthincreaseinsearchesrelatedtotourisminthecityinFebruary.Currently,travelbookingswitnessasubstantial144percentmonth-on-monthrise.TaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxiProvinceFullRiverRedhassetTaiyuanAncientCountyinShanxionfirewithexcitement.FromJan.21to31,thecountywitnessedover400,000tourists,asignificantrisecomparedtotheabout180,000visitorsduringthepreviousSpringFestivalholiday.Notably,one-thirdofthesetouristswerefromoutsideShanxiProvince.NingboMuseuminZhejiangProvinceWiththebroadcastoftheTVdramaThree-BodyProblem,NingboMuseumhasgainedsignificantattention.ThenumberoftouristsduringtheSpringFestivallastyearwasabout23,000,butthisyearwasa120%increase.Evenafterthefestival,therewere2,000to3,000visitorsdailyconsistently.1.WhatwastheimpactofMeetYourself?A.Itcontributedtothetourismprofits. B.IthelpedDaliearn38.4billionyuan.C.ItmadeYunnanatourismdestination. D.ItrankedDaliatoptourismdestination.2.Whichplacehasapromisingreservationatpresent?A.Dali. B.TaiyuanAncientCounty.C.Jiangmen. D.NingboMuseum.3.HowmanypeoplevisitedNingboMuseumduringtheSpringFestivalthisyear?A.Nearly23,000. B.Below400,000. C.About50,000. D.2,000to3,000.【答案】1.A2.C3.CBInBududa,alushyetlandslide-pronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36-year-old,holdingaredbucket.Fromfarmingstock,Maryfirstwenttoworkwithherfatherattheageof10.Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.Shemarriedintocoffeetoo,withherhusbandgivingher100treesasaweddingpresent.ButMary’ssinceplantedmorethan300herselfandjoinedawomen’scooperative.“Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbecomeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(發(fā)酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomen-led,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.Ithasn’tbeenaneasyjourneyfortheBududafarmers,who’vefacedannuallandslidesforthepast15years.In2018,Mary’smother’shousewasdestroyedandshelostsomeofhercoffeeplantations.Shedreamsoflivinginasolidlybuilthousewithwaternearby,soshedoesn’thavetotrek(跋涉)alongwaytofetchit－butthesewilltaketimetosavefor.“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.4.WhatroledoescoffeeplayinMary’shometown?A.Asignificantsourceofincome. B.Abondofloveandmarriage.C.Asymbolofwealthandstatus. D.Abarriertofrequentlandslides.5.Howdoesthewomen’scooperativebenefitfemalecoffeefarmers?A.Byprovidingthemwithhighqualitytrees. B.Byaccessingthemtobettersaleschannels.C.Byliberatingthemfromtheirhusbands. D.Byenablingthemtocontroltheirbusiness.6.WhyistheprocessingofcoffeebeansmentionedinParagraph3?A.TodisplayMary’stechnicalproficiency.B.ToprovethehighqualityofUgandancoffee.C.TohighlightMary’sdedicationanddiligence.D.Toemphasizethedifficultiesofplantingcoffee.7.WhatdoesMarymeaninthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Sheplanstoexpandhercoffeeplantingbusiness. B.Shedesirestoachieveeconomicindependence.C.Shethinkstheroadtohappinessisstilldistant. D.Shebelievesherhardworkwillfinallypayoff.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.DCFordecades,scientiststhoughtofthebrainasthemostvaluableandconsequentlymostcloselyguardedpartofthebody.Lockedsafelybehindtheblood-brainbarrier,itwasbroadlyfreeoftheharmofvirusesandthebattlesstartedbytheimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)).Then,about20yearsago,someresearchersbegantowonder:isthebrainreallysoseparatedfromthebody?Theanswer,accordingtoagrowingbodyofevidence,isno.Thelistofbrainconditionsthathavebeenassociatedwithchangeselsewhereinthebodyislongandgrowing.ChangesinthemakeupofthemicroorganismsinthedigestivesystemhavebeenlinkedtodisorderssuchasParkinson’sdisease.Thereisalsoatheorythatinfectionduringpregnancycouldleadtobraindiseasesinbabies.Theeffectistwo-way.Thereisalengtheninglistofsymptomsnottypicallyviewedasdisordersofthenervoussystem,butthebrainplaysalargepartinthem.Forexample,thedevelopmentofafeverisinfluencedbyapopulationofnervecellsthatcontrolbodytemperatureandappetite.Evidenceismountingthatcancersusenervestogrowandspread.Theinterconnectionbetweenthebrainandbodyhaspromisingimplicationsforourabilitytobothunderstandandtreatillnesses.Ifsomebraindisordersstartoutsidethebrain,thenperhapstreatmentsforthemcouldalsoreachinfromoutside.Treatmentsthattakeeffectthroughthedigestivesystem,theheartorotherorgans,wouldbemucheasierandlessriskythanthosethatmustcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Italsoworksintheoppositedirection.Studyshowsmicehavehealthierheartsafterreceivingstimulationtoabrainareainvolvedinpositiveemotionandmotivation.Activationofthebrainrewardcentre—calledtheventraltegmentalarea(VTA)—seemstocauseimmunechangesthatcontributetoit.Workingouthowthishappenscouldhelptodestroycancers,enhanceresponsestovaccinesandevenre-evaluatephysicaldiseasesthat,forcenturies,havenotbeenconsideredasbeingpsychologicallydriven.8.Whatdotheresearchersfocusonaboutthebrain?A.Itsprotectingsystem. B.