北京市水務(wù)工程施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全文明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化創(chuàng)建指引（2022版）

目錄

前言.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................I

總說(shuō)明......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................II

編寫(xiě)委員會(huì).............................................................................................................................................................................................................................IV

編制依據(jù)..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................V

目錄.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................IX

第一篇施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全文明管理基礎(chǔ)篇.........................................................................................................................................................................1

（一）安全標(biāo)志、標(biāo)識(shí)..........................................................................................................................................................................................2

（二）個(gè)體安全防護(hù)用具....................................................................................................................................................................................16

（三）安全防護(hù)設(shè)施............................................................................................................................................................................................23

（四）辦公區(qū)、生活區(qū)管理................................................................................................................................................................................29

（五）綠色施工管理............................................................................................................................................................................................36

（六）消防安全管理............................................................................................................................................................................................46

1.6.1施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)消防布置....................................................................................................................................................................................46

1.6.2消防設(shè)施器材............................................................................................................................................................................................49

1.6.3施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)用火、用氣管理........................................................................................................................................................................52

1.6.4消防安全應(yīng)急管理....................................................................................................................................................................................55

IX

第二篇施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全文明管理專項(xiàng)篇.......................................................................................................................................................................56

（一）施工臨時(shí)用電管理....................................................................................................................................................................................57

2.1.1外電線路及電氣設(shè)備防護(hù)........................................................................................................................................................................57

2.1.2接地與接零保護(hù)系統(tǒng)................................................................................................................................................................................59

2.1.3配電室與自備電源....................................................................................................................................................................................62

2.1.4配電箱、開(kāi)關(guān)箱........................................................................................................................................................................................64

2.1.5配電線路....................................................................................................................................................................................................67

2.1.6施工照明....................................................................................................................................................................................................68

（二）施工腳手架安全管理................................................................................................................................................................................70

2.2.1架體搭設(shè)材料驗(yàn)收與檢查........................................................................................................................................................................70

2.2.2架體基礎(chǔ)要求............................................................................................................................................................................................72

2.2.3架體構(gòu)造要求............................................................................................................................................................................................73

2.2.4架體作業(yè)層防護(hù)專項(xiàng)措施........................................................................................................................................................................79

2.2.5架體搭拆過(guò)程管控....................................................................................................................................................................................81

（三）模板工程....................................................................................................................................................................................................83

2.3.1模板材料選用............................................................................................................................................................................................83

2.3.2模板支撐架安裝........................................................................................................................................................................................85

2.3.3模板存放....................................................................................................................................................................................................88

2.3.4模架安全管理............................................................................................................................................................................................89

（四）起重吊裝安全管理....................................................................................................................................................................................92

X

2.4.1特種設(shè)備和特種作業(yè)人員管理................................................................................................................................................................92

2.4.2塔式起重機(jī)安全管理................................................................................................................................................................................93

2.4.3龍門(mén)吊、橋式起重機(jī)及電動(dòng)葫蘆安全管理..........................................................................................................................................100

2.4.4移動(dòng)式起重機(jī)械安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................104

2.4.5起重吊裝專項(xiàng)安全管理..........................................................................................................................................................................107

（五）施工機(jī)具安全管理..................................................................................................................................................................................112

2.5.1鋼筋加工機(jī)械..........................................................................................................................................................................................112

2.5.2木工加工機(jī)械..........................................................................................................................................................................................114

2.5.3手持電動(dòng)施工機(jī)具..................................................................................................................................................................................116

2.5.4電焊機(jī)......................................................................................................................................................................................................118

（六）深基坑、邊坡工程..................................................................................................................................................................................120

2.6.1地下水控制措施......................................................................................................................................................................................120

2.6.2基坑支護(hù)..................................................................................................................................................................................................121

2.6.3土方開(kāi)挖..................................................................................................................................................................................................123

2.6.4專項(xiàng)安全防護(hù)措施..................................................................................................................................................................................126

2.6.5現(xiàn)場(chǎng)視頻監(jiān)控和施工監(jiān)測(cè)......................................................................................................................................................................127

2.6.6應(yīng)急管理..................................................................................................................................................................................................129

（七）有限空間管理..........................................................................................................................................................................................130

（八）圍堰工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................138

2.8.1圍堰結(jié)構(gòu)選型設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................................................................................................................................138

XI

2.8.2圍堰工程安全管理..................................................................................................................................................................................139

（九）暗挖工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................140

2.9.1地面材料堆放與安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................140

2.9.2豎井口及豎井通道安全管理..................................................................................................................................................................141

2.9.3隧道內(nèi)安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................................142

2.9.4場(chǎng)內(nèi)運(yùn)輸工具專項(xiàng)要求..........................................................................................................................................................................143

2.9.5現(xiàn)場(chǎng)視頻監(jiān)控和施工監(jiān)測(cè)......................................................................................................................................................................144

2.9.6暗挖工程應(yīng)急管理..................................................................................................................................................................................145

（十）盾構(gòu)工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................146

2.10.1地面材料堆放與安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................146

2.10.2盾構(gòu)施工管理..........................................................................................................................................................................................147

2.10.3隧道內(nèi)安全管理......................................................................................................................................................................................149

2.10.4場(chǎng)內(nèi)運(yùn)輸工具專項(xiàng)要求..........................................................................................................................................................................152

2.10.5現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)控和施工監(jiān)測(cè)..............................................................................................................................................................................153

（十一）防洪度汛..................................................................................................................................................................................................155

2.11.1汛期前應(yīng)急能力建設(shè)..............................................................................................................................................................................155

2.11.2應(yīng)汛安全措施..........................................................................................................................................................................................157

（十二）水上水下作業(yè)..........................................................................................................................................................................................158

（十三）爆破作業(yè)..................................................................................................................................................................................................162

（十四）金屬結(jié)構(gòu)和機(jī)電安裝..............................................................................................................................................................................165

XII

（十五）農(nóng)村治污工程..........................................................................................................................................................................................168

第三篇智慧工地創(chuàng)建提升篇.....................................................................................................................................................................................171

（一）體驗(yàn)式安全教育......................................................................................................................................................................................172

（二）智能設(shè)備..................................................................................................................................................................................................174

（三）物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用......................................................................................................................................................................................176

第四篇施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全隱患辨識(shí)篇.............................................................................................................................................................................182

（一）臨時(shí)工程..................................................................................................................................................................................................183

4.1.1營(yíng)地及施工設(shè)施建設(shè)..............................................................................................................................................................................183

4.1.2臨時(shí)設(shè)施..................................................................................................................................................................................................184

（二）施工用電..................................................................................................................................................................................................185

4.2.1外電線路及電氣設(shè)備防護(hù)......................................................................................................................................................................185

4.2.2接地與接零保護(hù)系統(tǒng)..............................................................................................................................................................................186

4.2.3配電箱、開(kāi)關(guān)箱......................................................................................................................................................................................189

4.2.4施工照明..................................................................................................................................................................................................190

（三）腳手架......................................................................................................................................................................................................191

4.3.1立桿基礎(chǔ)承載力......................................................................................................................................................................................191

4.3.2連墻件......................................................................................................................................................................................................192

（四）起重吊裝與運(yùn)輸......................................................................................................................................................................................193

4.4.1安全、保險(xiǎn)裝置......................................................................................................................................................................................193

（五）高邊坡、土方開(kāi)挖..................................................................................................................................................................................195

XIII

4.5.1支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)、土方開(kāi)挖..............................................................................................................................................................................195

4.5.2溝槽開(kāi)挖及堆載......................................................................................................................................................................................196

（六）隧洞施工、地下工程..............................................................................................................................................................................197

4.6.1初期支護(hù)..................................................................................................................................................................................................197

4.6.2暗挖通風(fēng)..................................................................................................................................................................................................198

（七）安全防護(hù)..................................................................................................................................................................................................199

4.7.1交叉作業(yè)防護(hù)..........................................................................................................................................................................................199

4.7.2個(gè)人防護(hù)用品..........................................................................................................................................................................................200

第五篇施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全生產(chǎn)事故警示篇.....................................................................................................................................................................201

（一）中毒和窒息事故......................................................................................................................................................................................202

5.1.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................202

5.1.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................202

（二）坍塌事故..................................................................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.2腳手架及模板垮塌事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.3基坑、溝槽開(kāi)挖坍塌事故案例..............................................................................................................................................................204

5.2.4隧洞坍塌事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................205

（三）高處墜落事故..........................................................................................................................................................................................207

5.3.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................207

5.3.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................207

XIV

（四）物體打擊事故..........................................................................................................................................................................................209

5.4.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................209

5.4.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................209

（五）起重傷害事故..........................................................................................................................................................................................211

5.5.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................211

5.5.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................211

（六）觸電事故..................................................................................................................................................................................................212

5.6.1名詞解釋..................................................................................................................................................................................................212

5.6.2事故案例..................................................................................................................................................................................................212

XV

第一篇施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安全文明管理基礎(chǔ)篇