湖南省常德市一中2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE27湖南省常德市一中2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）（時(shí)量：120分鐘滿分：150分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodrink?A.Water. B.Tea. C.Coffee.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Coffeeasalwaysorwouldyouliketotrysomeofournewtea,Mrs.William?W:I’dloveto,Ed,butI’vebeentakingpillsrecently.Sowaterisfine.Thanks.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhereisPeternowmostprobably?A.Inthestudy. B.Inthekitchen. C.Inthebathroom.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Peterisnotinhisstudy.Didyouseehim,honey?M:Oh,heaccidentallygotsomestickyfoodonhisheadandnowheistakingashower.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheweatherlikenowprobably?A.Cold. B.Warm. C.Hot.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Youhavekeptthetemperaturetoolowinthisroom.Youmightgetacold.Justmakeitalittlewarmer.M:Inamoment,mom.Inearlymelteddownoutside.Ireallyneedsomecoolairnow.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheclass?A.Inspiring. B.Outdated. C.Practical.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Lee’smarketingclassissoinspiring,don’tyouthink?M:Well,alwaysthesameoldstuff.It’suselesstoapplyhistheoryintopracticeinmodernbusiness.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whathappenedtothewoman’swatch?A.It’sstolen. B.It’sbroken. C.It’slentout.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Iwouldstealitifyoudon’twearit.W:Oh,thewatch.Italwaysstops.Ineedtosendittothefactorytogetitfixedsomeday.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。毎段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makingacomplaint. B.Reportingonherwork. C.Admittingamistake.7.WhatcanweinferaboutFrank?A.Heisthewoman’scolleague.B.Heisnoteasytogetalongwith.C.Heneedstosleepduringlunchbreak.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:Takeaseat,Kate.Whatisit?W:HeyMr.Smith.CouldyoutalktoFranksometime?M:Whatseemstobetheproblem?W:Well,it’sjustthatFranklikestousethespeakertoplaymusicloudduringourlunchbreak.Iknowhewantstomaketheatmosphereinourofficemorecheerful,butitkindofdisturbsmyrest.IreallyneedtosleeptorestoremyenergybeforeIstartworkingagainintheafternoon.M:Isee.Butwhydon’tyoutellhimthatyourself?W:Well,Ijustfeelalittleembarrassed…M:Don’tbe.Frankisveryeasy-going.Justtalktohim.He’llmakethechange.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhenwillthemanflytoHouston?A.NextMonday. B.NextTuesday. C.NextWednesday.9.Whatticketdoesthemanchooseatlast?A.Thefirstclass. B.Thebusinessclass. C.Theeconomyclass.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】【原文】W:EasternAirlines.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hello,I’dliketomakeareservationtoHouston.W:Okay.Whendoyouwanttofly,sir?M:NextMonday,January,14th.W:Waitamoment,please.Wehaveflight401onthatday,butwe’veonlygotfirstclassseatsleft.M:Howmuchdoesitcost?W:1,200dollars,sir.M:Anyalternatives?W:Well,thenextavailableoneisflight502.Itleavesat7:30a.m.onedaylater.Andthebusinessclassticketfortheflightis950dollars.M:Stilltooexpensive.Whatabouttheeconomyclassseatoftheflight?W:750dollars.M:Thatsoundsmorereasonable.Iwantoneticket.Thankyou.W:Okay,sir.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhydoesthemanwanttobuyLilyrunningshoes?A.Hewantshertoexercise. B.Lilylovessports. C.Theshoesareonsale.11.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Husbandandwife. C.Colleagues.12.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Goshopping. B.Playfootball. C.WatchTV.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:WhatshouldwegetforLily’sbirthday?M:Howaboutrunningshoes?W:Youknowshe’sneverintosports.M:That’sexactlywhyapairofrunningshoeswouldbeaperfectgift.IoftenseeherclassmatesRoseandMaryruninthemorning.Sheshoulddothesame.W:ButLilyalwaysfeelsbreathlessafterrunning.M:Shefeelsbreathlessbecausesheisoverweight.W:Hey,neversaythatinfrontofourgirl.You’llhurtherfeelings.Anyway,mycolleagueSuetoldmeWandaShoppingCenterhasbeenpromotingmanyproductsrecently.Maybewecouldgotherethisafternoontoseeifwecouldfindanicepresent.M:I’llpass.There’safootballmatchonTVthisafternoon.Iwouldn’tmissitfortheworld.W:Alright.Doasyoulike.I’mnotcountingonyouanyway.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:20a.m. B.10:00a.m. C.10:40a.m.14.WhydidMrs.Whitecallthepolice?A.Therewasatheft.B.ShequarreledwithWang.C.Shesmelledsomethingsuspicious.15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacompany. B.Inahospital. C.Inapolicestation.16.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodointheend?A.Signsomepapers. B.Fetchhimsomewater. C.Gooversomedocuments.【答案】13.A14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】W:Wang,wherehaveyoubeen?Mr.Andersonwillarriveat10:00a.m.We’veonlygot40minutestopreparebeforehisvisit.M:Youcan’timaginewhatIjustwentthroughthismorning!Iwasvisitedbythepolice.W:Whathappened?Iheardtherehavebeensomebreak-insintheareayoulive.M:It’sallbecauseofmyneighborMrs.White.W:Why?Didyouquarrelwithher?M:No.IwascookingChinesemedicineformymomathome,andMrs.Whitesmelleditandthoughtsomeonewasdoingdangerouschemistryexperiment.W:Soshecalledthepolice?M:Yeah,andIhadtoexplaintothepolicewhatChinesemedicinewas.Geez!W:Badluck.Anyway,you’dbettergooverthedocumentsIputonyourdesk.WemustmakesureMr.Andersonwillsignthecontractwithustoday.M:Okay.Canyougetmeaglassofwater?I’mdyingofthirst.W:Sure.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.WhydidthespeakercometoChina?A.Tostudy. B.Todobusiness. C.Tovisitfriends.18.HowlongdidthespeakerstayinChina?A.About2weeks. B.About10weeks. C.About3months.19.Whatdidthespeakerfailtofindonherown?A.Salad. B.Bread. C.Tomatosauce.20.Howdidthewomanunderstandwhatthespeakerwanted?A.Byusinghandgestures.B.Byaskingforherson’shelp.C.Byusingatranslatordevice.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:Lastyear,IwenttoChinaasanexchangestudent.Mrs.Zhang,oneofmyfather’sChinesebusinesspartnersbecamemycaretaker,butshewasverybusy,sobasicallyIhadtotakecareofmyselfwhileIwasnotatschool.Attheseconddayaftermyarrival,Iwenttoasupermarketsearchingforbasicfoodstuffs.OnlythendidIrealizemy12-weekstayinChinawasgoingtobetough—everythingwasinChinese.Imanagedtofindbread,saladandham,however,Ijustcouldn’tlocatethewhereaboutsofthethingIwasdyingof—tomatosauce.What’sworse,hardlycouldanybodyunderstandwhatIwastryingtoask.Iwasalmostontheedgeofcrying.Then,awomanapproachedmeandaskedmeifeverythingwasokaybyusinghandgestures.IaskedherwhereIcouldfindtomatosauce,butshedidn’tknowEnglish,either.Then,shedialedanumberonhercellphoneandpassedittome—Itwasherson.HetalkedtomeinEnglishandaskedmewhatIneeded.Hethentranslatedthatbacktohismotherandshetookmetothesection.Inastrangeplace,ifsomeonetriestodoeventhismuchforyou,itisenoughintakingaleapoffaith.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。APlacesofInterestinWalesConway:OnthenorthWalescoast,Conwayiswhereyou’llfindtheworld’ssmallesthouse,aswellasamuchlarger“house”，ConwayCastle,whichwasbuiltinthe13thcentury.Anglesey:ThisbeautifulislandisjoinedtotherestofnorthWalesbyaroadbridgeandarailwaybridge,andit’sjustashortdrivefromConway.HereyoucanvisitthevillageofLlanfairPwllgwyngyllwhichhasthestrangestnameinEurope.Don’tmissthestation.Thesignrunsthecompletelengthoftheplatform!AlsoonAngleseyisBeaumarisCastle,whichwasstartedinthe13thcenturyandtothisdayremainsunfinished.Sonwdonia:Justacoupleofhours’drivefromBeaumarisistheSnowdoniamountainrange,whichtakesitsnamefromthehighestmountaininWales,MountSnowdon.Fromthere,visitthefamousSwallowFallsatnearbyBetws-y-Coed.Portmeirion:In1925CloughWilliams-EllisboughtanattractivepieceofWelshlandforlessthan￡5,000.Hethensetouttoshowtheworldhowanaturallybeautifulcastlecouldbebuiltwithoutbeingdamagedandspentthenext50yearsbuildingthetownofPortmeirionwithastyleofItaly.Formoreinformation,orderourfull-colourbrochures:ThingstoSeeinWalesAmorecompletelookatthefullrangeoftouristattractionsinthisamazingpartoftheBritishIsles.Wales:Sea,SandandSunWaleshasmilesofbeautifulcoastlineswithlong,sandybeachesplus23islandsandmorehoursofsunshineeachyearthananywhereelseinBritain.Gettheinsidestoryhere.WalesfortheFearlessOver30ideasforadventureactivitiesandsports,bothtraditionalandextreme.Waleshasitall!Call(＋44)775445632toorderbrochures.21.WhatdoweknowaboutAnglesey?A.ItisfarfromConway.B.Itcanbereachedbytrain.C.ItliesinthesouthofWales.D.Ithasthesmallesthouseintheworld.22.WherecanvisitorsgoiftheywanttoseetheItalian-stylebuilding?A.Conway. B.Anglesey. C.Sonwdonia. D.Portmeirion.23.Whatcanvisitorsgetfromthebrochures?A.IntroductionoftheclimateinWales.B.CharacteristicsofbuildingsinWales.C.Informationaboutadventureactivities.D.DetailedinformationaboutpeopleinWales.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了威爾士頗有特色的旅游景點(diǎn)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句Anglesey:ThisbeautifulislandisjoinedtotherestofnorthWalesbyaroadbridgeandarailwaybridge,andit'sjustashortdrivefromConway.Anglesey:這座漂亮的島嶼由一座馬路橋和一座鐵路橋連接到北威爾士的其他地方，從康威開車去也只有很短的距離?？芍嘶疖嚳梢缘诌_(dá)Anglesey，故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句中的Hethensetouttoshowtheworldhowanaturallybeautifulcastlecouldbebuiltwithoutbeingdamagedandspentthenext50yearsbuildingthetownofPortmeirionwithastyleofItaly.然后，他起先向世界展示如何在不受破壞的狀況下建立自然漂亮的城堡，并在接下來的50年里將意大利風(fēng)格的波特梅利翁鎮(zhèn)建成?？芍?，在Portmeirion可觀賞到意大利風(fēng)格的建筑，故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段Over30ideasforadventureactivitiesandsports,bothtraditionalandextreme.超過30個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)和運(yùn)動(dòng)的想法，既有傳統(tǒng)的也有極端的。可知，在旅游手冊上可以看到關(guān)于冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)的介紹，故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】應(yīng)用文多是細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。一般定位關(guān)鍵詞適用于解答細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。通過定位關(guān)鍵詞解題，考生在閱讀題干時(shí)，把題干中有標(biāo)記意義的詞或詞組劃記出來，或者選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后用這個(gè)詞回到原文當(dāng)中定位。如小題1題干中的Anglesey，再如小題2題干中的Italian-stylebuilding，可以幫助快速找出答案。BThehitmovieNottingHill(諾丁山)beginswithafamousscene.HughGrantbumpsintoJuliaRobertsandspillsorangejuicealloverher.Afterthecollision,Grantrepeatedlysays,“I’msosorry.I’msosorry.”HisactionsinthissceneareveryBritish.IfRoberts’characterwerefromtheBritain,thanshewouldprobablyapologizerepeatedlyaswell—evenifthecrashwerenotherfault.Butthisdoesn’thappeninthemovie,asRobertsisfromtheUS.AreportinTheTelegraphoncesaidthatthreequartersofBritishpeopleapologizewhentheybumpintosomeoneinthestreet—regardlessofwhethertheyareresponsibleornot.Infact,Britonsuse“sorry”inmanysituations.Forexample,iftheymishearsomeone,theysay“Sorry?”Thepersontheyaretalkingtowillalsoapologizebyreplying,“No,Iamsorry!”Thiscangoonforuptofiveminutesastheycompeteoverwhoisthemostsorry.WhyareBritonssosorry?MarkTyrell,apsychologywriterintheUK,thinksthattheirapologetictendenciesarerootedinBritishclasssystem.“WesaysorrybecausehistoricallythenewmiddleclassinBritainhadtoapologizefornotbeingtheworkingclass,butalsoforreallybeingtheupperclass.”Anothertheoryisthattheyapologizetoavoidconflicts.Forexample,iftheybumpintosomeone,hemightgetangry.Toavoidthis,theyinstantlysay“Sorry!”Truemannersareaboutbeingconsiderate,andtoday’sconstantuseofapologizingshowsthatweareperhapsnotasthoughtfulasweoncewere.Theword“sorry”haslostsomeofitsmeaning.Doyouseemypoint?Sorry,itmightjustbeaBritishthing.24.WhydoestheauthormentionasceneinthemovieNottingHillatthebeginning?A.TogiveanexampleofBritishmodesty.B.Tointroducedifferentwaysofsayingsorry.C.ToshowwhatkindofmenareconsideredgentlemenintheUK.D.TodrawourattentiontowhenandhowBritishpeoplesaysorry.25.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightMarkTyrellagreewith?A.Peopleshouldnotapologizeiftheyarenotresponsible.B.AmericanscarelessaboutmannersthanBritishpeopledo.C.ThatBritishpeopleapologizesomuchislinkedtotheclasssystem.D.Britishpeoplecaretoomuchaboutwhichsocialclasstheyarefrom.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.It’sunnecessaryforBritishpeopletobesopolite.B.TheoveruseofapologizingshowsBritonsaretrulysincere.C.Peopleshouldnotsticktothetraditionaluseoftheword“sorry”.D.Using“sorry”moredoesn’tnecessarilymeanpeoplearemorepolite.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplorethebestwayofsayingsorry.B.ToexplainwhyBritonsoverusetheword“sorry”.C.Toshowhowsayingsorryhaschangedovertime.D.TosuggestmanyBritishpeoplelacktraditionalmanners.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過一些電影情節(jié)和報(bào)道，告知我們英國人在日常生活中常見的運(yùn)用“對不起”，這個(gè)單詞已經(jīng)失去了它的一些意思。【24題詳解】推理推斷題。由第一段“ThehitmovieNottingHill(諾丁山)beginswithafamousscene.HughGrantbumpsintoJuliaRobertsandspillsorangejuicealloverher.Afterthecollision,Grantrepeatedlysays,“I’msosorry.I’msosorry.”(熱門電影《諾丁山》從一個(gè)聞名的場景起先。休·格蘭特撞見朱莉婭·羅伯茨，把橙汁灑了一身。碰撞發(fā)生后，格蘭特反復(fù)說：“我很愧疚。我很愧疚。”)”可知，作者在開頭提到電影《諾丁山》的一個(gè)場景是讓我們留意英國人什么時(shí)候和怎樣說對不起。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“MarkTyrell,apsychologywriterintheUK,thinksthattheirapologetictendenciesarerootedinBritishclasssystem.(英國心理學(xué)作家馬克·泰瑞爾認(rèn)為，他們的致歉傾向根源于英國的階級制度)”可知，馬克·泰瑞爾，英國的一個(gè)心理學(xué)作家，認(rèn)為英國人如此致歉，與階級制度有關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理推斷題。由倒數(shù)其次段“Truemannersareaboutbeingconsiderate,andtoday’sconstantuseofapologizingshowsthatweareperhapsnotasthoughtfulasweoncewere.Theword“sorry”haslostsomeofitsmeaning.(真正的禮貌是愛護(hù)，而今日不斷運(yùn)用的致歉表明，我們或許不像以前那樣愛護(hù)了。“對不起”這個(gè)詞已經(jīng)失去了一些意義)”可知，文章倒數(shù)其次段的主要講頻繁說“對不起”已經(jīng)失去了一些意義，它并不像以前那樣愛護(hù)，可得出多說“對不起”并不肯定意味著人們更有禮貌。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理推斷題。第一段用電影片段引出“英國人什么時(shí)候和怎樣說對不起”，其次段講“英國人習(xí)慣說“對不起”，美國人不說”，第三段講“英國人在許多狀況下都會(huì)用“對不起””，第四段講“英國人習(xí)慣說“對不起”的緣由”，第五段講““對不起”這個(gè)詞如今已經(jīng)失去了一些意義”，最終一段總結(jié)全文“說“對不起”是英國人的事情”。由此推知，文章通過一些電影情節(jié)和報(bào)道，意在告知我們英國人在日常生活中常見的運(yùn)用“對不起”。故選B項(xiàng)。CArainforestisanareacoveredbytalltreeswiththetotalhighrainfallspreading（擴(kuò)大）quiteequallythroughtheyearandthetemperaturerarelyfallingbelow16°C.Rainforestshaveagreatinfluenceontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.Withouttheforestcover,theseareaswouldreflect（反射）moreheatintotheatmosphere,warmingtherestoftheworld.Losingtherainforestsmayalsoinfluencewindandrainfallpatterns，potentially（潛在地）causingcertainnaturaldisastersallovertheworld.Inthepasthundredyears,humanshavebegundestroyingrainforestsinsearchofthreemajorresources：landforcrops,woodforpaperandotherproducts,landforraisingfarmanimals.Thisactionaffectstheenvironmentasawhole.Forexample,alotofcarbondioxideintheaircomesfromburningtherainforests.Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.Therearetwomainreasonsforthis.Firstly,whenpeoplecutdowntrees,generallytheycanonlyusethelandforayearortwo.Secondly,cuttinglargesectionsofrainforestsmayprovideagoodsupplyofwoodrightnow,butinthelongrunitactuallyreducestheworld’swoodsupply.Rainforestsareoftencalledtheworld'sdrugstore.Morethan25%ofthemedicinesweusetodaycomefromplantsinrainforests.However,fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheirmedicalvalue.Itisextremelylikelythatourbestchancetocurediseasesliessomewhereintheworld’sshrinking（減少）rainforests.28.Rainforestscanhelptoadjusttheclimatebecausethey______.A.reflectmoreheatintotheatmosphereB.bringabouthighrainfallthroughouttheworldC.rarelycausethetemperaturetodroplowerthan16°CD.absorb（汲取）theheatfromthesun,reducingtheeffectofheatfromthesunontheearth29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Wewilllosemuchmorethanwecangain. B.Humanshavebegundestroyingrainforests.C.Peoplehaveastrongdesireforresources. D.Muchcarbondioxide（二氧化碳）comesfromburningrainforests.30.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.wecangetenoughresourceswithoutrainforestsB.thereisgreatmedicinepotentialinrainforestsC.wewillgrowfewerkindsofcropsinthegainedlandD.thelevelofannualrainfallaffectswindpatterns31.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoSaveRainforests? B.HowtoProtectNature?C.RainforestsandtheEnvironment. D.RainforestsandMedicalDevelopment.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。短文介紹了熱帶雨林在人們生活中的重要作用，我們要愛護(hù)熱帶雨林，不要過度開墾砍伐。【28題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Rainforestshaveagreatinfluenceontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimate.（熱帶雨林對世界環(huán)境有很大的影響，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢约橙√柕臒崃坎⒄{(diào)整氣候。）”以及文章其次段“Withouttheforestcover,theseareaswouldreflect（反射）moreheatintotheatmosphere,warmingtherestoftheworld.（假如沒有森林覆蓋，這些地區(qū)將把更多的熱量反射到大氣中，使世界其他地區(qū)變暖。）”可知雨林可以汲取太陽的熱量，削減太陽熱量對地球的影響，有助于調(diào)整氣候。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.（人們明顯須要我們從砍伐樹木中獲得的資源，但我們所遭遇的苦痛將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過我們所獲得的利益。）”可知，砍伐樹木雖然能獲得利益，但是我們失去的卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于我們獲得的利益。通過上下文的語境可以推斷出，第三段劃線的“this”指的是我們失去的會(huì)比得到的多得多。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Morethan25％ofthemedicinesweusetodaycomefromplantsinrainforests.However,fewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheirmedicalvalue.Itisextremelylikelythatourbestchancetocurediseasesliessomewhereintheworld’sshrinkingrainforests.(我們現(xiàn)在運(yùn)用的藥物有25%以上來自熱帶雨林的植物。然而，只有不到1%的雨林植物被檢測出其藥用價(jià)值。我們治愈疾病的最佳機(jī)會(huì)極有可能出現(xiàn)在世界上正在縮小的雨林中。)”可以推斷出，熱帶雨林有很大的藥用潛力，故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀整篇內(nèi)容可知，短文介紹了熱帶雨林在人們生活中的重要作用。它們能汲取太陽光調(diào)整地球上的溫度，降低人類患病幾率，其中有一些藥用的植物藥材還可以用來為人類治病，因此，我們要愛護(hù)熱帶雨林，不要濫墾濫伐。所以本文的主題是熱帶雨林和環(huán)境，故短文的最佳標(biāo)題是“熱帶雨林和環(huán)境”。故選C項(xiàng)。DASwissairplanepoweredonlybyenergyfromthesunleftfromAbuDhabiearlyonMarch9.Itscreatorshopetheplanewillmakethefirstaround-the-worldjourneywithoutanyfuel.TheplaneiscalledSolarImpulse2.Ithasoneseatandismadefromcarbonfiber.TheplaneweighsonlyasmuchasacarbutitswingsarewiderthanaBoeing747.Theplane’swingsstretch72metersacross.Thosewingsinclude17,000solarunits,orcells,whichcapturethesun’senergy.Theenergyallowstheplanetoflydayandnight.TwoSwissscientistsbuilttheplane.BertrandPiccardisalsoanexplorerwhomadethefirstnon-stopflightaroundtheworldinaballoon.AndreBorschbergisanengineerandtrainedfighterpilot.Thescientistssaytheyarenottryingtoaltertheairplaneindustry.Instead,theywanttoshowthatnewenergysourcesandtechnologiescanachievewhatsomesayisimpossible.“Wewanttoshowwecanflydayandnightinanaircraftwithoutadropoffuel.”Mr.Piccardsaid.Somepartsofthetripwillrequirethepilotstobeinthetinyplaneforfivetosixdaysandnightsinarow.Soitisgoodthatthepilot’sseatisalsoatoilet.Theplane’sroutebeginsintheUnitedArabEmirates.ThepilotsalsoplanstopsinOman,India,andChina.TheywillcrossthePacificOcean,stopintheUnitedStates,andcontinueoversouthernEuropeorNorthAfrica.TheyplantoarrivebackintheUnitedArabEmiratesinlateJulyorearlyAugust.InternetviewerscangototheSolarImpulsewebsitetoseetheplane’slocationandlistentobroadcastsfromthepilots.32.Whydoestheplanehavewiderwings?A.Itcanflyfasterandlandsafely.B.Itcangetthesun’senergyeasily.C.ItmaylooklikeaBoeing747.D.Itwillmaketheplaneappearlarger.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alter”inPara2probablymean?A.Improve. B.Change.C.Rebuild. D.Destroy.34.Whatdoweknowaboutthetripmadeintheplane?A.Itwilltakefivetosixdaysandnights.B.Itisanon-stopflightaroundtheworld.C.ItisbroadcastliveontheInternet.D.Itdoesn’tincludeNorthAmerica.35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Asolar-poweredplanewilltraveltheglobe.B.Agoodwaytosaveenergyhasbeenfound.C.Anewly-builtplaneconsumesnoenergy.D.Solarenergywaitstobefullyexplored.【答案】32.B33.B34.C35.A【解析】【分析】本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了科學(xué)家們將新能源科技運(yùn)用到飛機(jī)上制造太陽能飛機(jī)的試驗(yàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終兩句Thosewingsinclude17,000solarunits,orcells,whichcapturethesun’senergy.Theenergyallowstheplanetoflydayandnight.可知，飛機(jī)有更寬的機(jī)翼是因?yàn)樗梢院芎啙嵉孬@得太陽能。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段中Instead,theywanttoshowthatnewenergysourcesandtechnologiescanachievewhatsomesayisimpossible.（相反，他們想要證明，新能源和新技術(shù)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)一些人所說的不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。）可知“科學(xué)家們并沒有試圖變更航空業(yè)?！彼酝浦?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“變更”。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段InternetviewerscangototheSolarImpulsewebsitetoseetheplane’slocationandlistentobroadcastsfromthepilots.（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)觀眾可以訪問太陽能動(dòng)力公司的網(wǎng)站，查看飛機(jī)的位置，并收聽飛行員的廣播。）可知，關(guān)于這次飛行，將在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上直播。故選C。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中ASwissairplanepoweredonlybyenergyfromthesunleftfromAbuDhabiearlyonMarch9.Itscreatorshopetheplanewillmakethefirstaround-the-worldjourneywithoutanyfuel.TheplaneiscalledSolarImpulse2.（3月9日，一架僅靠太陽能供電的瑞士飛機(jī)從阿布扎比起飛。它的創(chuàng)建者希望這架飛機(jī)能進(jìn)行第一次無燃料環(huán)球飛行。這架飛機(jī)被稱為太陽動(dòng)力2號。）可知，本文講解并描述的是一架太陽能飛機(jī)將環(huán)游世界。故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyonewantstobehappyeveryday,butsometimeswecomeacrosssomeproblemswhichmakeusfeelbad.Thereareafewwaysthatwecanusetohelpourselvestobehappiereveryday.Measureyourprogressnotyourdistancetothegoal.Whenlookingatyourgoals,remembertolookathowfaryouhavecometowardsachievingthem.____36____,youwillalwayshaveanegativefeeling.Whenyoumeasureyourselfagainstwhereyoustarted,youwillberecognizingyourachievements,andthosedeservetobecelebrated.____37____Expressingyourappreciationforwhatyouhaveisanimportanthappinessstrategy.It’sonethatisworthdoingonadailybasis.Ifyou’rehavingtroublethinkingofthings,youmaybethinkingtoosmall.Youneedtowidenyourview.Youcanthinkaboutnature:thetrees,thesunandthesoundofarunningstream.Youcanalsothinkaboutpeople:familyandfriendswithwhomyouaregratefultohavearelationship.____38____Helpotherpeople.Therearemanybenefitsthatcomefromhelpingothers,whetherhelpingsomeoneyouknoworvolunteeringforacommunity.____39____Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhovolunteerlivelonger.Volunteeringisalsoagreattoolinthefightagainstdepressionbecauseit’seasiertotemporarilyforgetyourproblemswhenyouturnyourattentiontotheneedsofothers.Besides,it’sanextremelypleasingactivity.____40____andyouwillhaveahappierlife!A.Makegratitudelists.B.You’veprobablyheardthisbefore.C.Weallhavemuchtobegratefulfor.D.Usethesetipsinallareasofyourlife.E.WhenyoumeasureyourselfagainstyourgoalsF.Besuretomakeitadailypracticetocelebrateyourachievements.G.Volunteeringprovestobegoodforyourhealthandyourhappiness.【答案】36.E37.A38.C39.G40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。每個(gè)人都想歡樂每一天，但有時(shí)我們會(huì)遇到一些問題，讓我們感覺不好。文章主要介紹了一些可以幫助我們自己每天都更歡樂的方法?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Whenlookingatyourgoals,remembertolookathowfaryouhavecometowardsachievingthem.(當(dāng)你看你的目標(biāo)時(shí)，記得看你離實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)有多遠(yuǎn))”以及后文“youwillalwayshaveanegativefeeling.Whenyoumeasureyourselfagainstwhereyoustarted,youwillberecognizingyourachievements,andthosedeservetobecelebrated.(你會(huì)始終有一種消極的感覺。當(dāng)你用起點(diǎn)來衡量自己時(shí)，你會(huì)意識到自己的成就，那些成就值得慶祝)”可知，本句是在說明用目標(biāo)衡量自己的不同方式，E選項(xiàng)中measureyourselfagainst對應(yīng)后文中measureyourselfagainst。故E選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你用你的目標(biāo)來衡量自己時(shí)”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)后文“Expressingyourappreciationforwhatyouhaveisanimportanthappinessstrategy.It’sonethatisworthdoingonadailybasis.Ifyou’rehavingtroublethinkingofthings,youmaybethinkingtoosmall.(對你所擁有的表達(dá)你的感謝是一個(gè)重要的歡樂策略。這是一個(gè)值得每天去做的事情。假如你在思索問題上有困難，那可能是因?yàn)槟阆氲奶倭?”可知，后文提到對你所擁有的表達(dá)你的感謝，即學(xué)會(huì)感恩，A選項(xiàng)中g(shù)ratitude對應(yīng)后文中appreciation。故A選項(xiàng)“列感恩清單”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Youcanalsothinkaboutpeople:familyandfriendswithwhomyouaregratefultohavearelationship.(你也可以想想那些讓你感謝的人：家人和摯友)”可知，上文提到了想想讓你感謝的家人和摯友，C選項(xiàng)中begratefulfor對應(yīng)上文中g(shù)ratefulto。故C選項(xiàng)“我們都有許多值得感謝的”符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Therearemanybenefitsthatcomefromhelpingothers,whetherhelpingsomeoneyouknoworvolunteeringforacommunity.(幫助別人有許多好處，無論是幫助你相識的人還是志愿為一個(gè)社區(qū)服務(wù))”以及后文“Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhovolunteerlivelonger.(探討表明，參與志愿活動(dòng)的人壽命更長)”可知，上文提到了幫助別人有好處，后文則說參與志愿活動(dòng)的人壽命更長，可知志愿活動(dòng)對人的健康有好處，G選項(xiàng)中Volunteering對應(yīng)上文中volunteering。故G選項(xiàng)“志愿活動(dòng)被證明對你的健康和華蜜有好處”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)后文“andyouwillhaveahappierlife!(你會(huì)有一個(gè)更歡樂的生活！)”可知，此處為文章最終一段，應(yīng)再次呼應(yīng)文章主題，強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用這些建議，就會(huì)有更歡樂的生活。故D選項(xiàng)“在生活的各個(gè)方面運(yùn)用這些建議”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIbecameCEOofahospital,Ifearedonethinggreatly—publicspeaking.I’vealways____41____publicspeakingbecauseIneverthoughtIdiditverywell.Butinthishighposition,presentationsareabigpartofmy____42____.Justrecently,Iwasthe____43____fortheribbon-cuttingceremonyofournewbuilding.IalsospoketotheRotaryClubandwasonthe____44____forourannualgalawhereI____45____introductionsandawardspresentations.SoonafterItookthejobmywifeandIwentto____46____withamarriedcouplewhobothheldhigh____47____likemeintheircompanies.Asweate,IstartedcomplainingabouthowIhadtodosomuch____48____,andBob,thehusband,saidsomethingthatreally____49____me.Hesaidthat,asaCEO,themost______50______aspectofthejobwaspublicspeaking!Thedaysofhavingtoprovemy______51______inotherareaswereover;IhadobviouslydonethattogetwhereIwas.CommunicationskillswereallI______52______now.Andhewas______53______.IrealizedIneededtomakethetimetoproperlyprepareandpracticeforeachspeakingsituation.SoI’ve______54______that.Inowscheduletimeintomyworkdaycalendartowriteandpracticemy______55______.IspendalongtimeperfectingthepresentationbeforeIeverstandinfront