陜西省安康市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

安康市高新中學(xué)高二年級(jí)月考試卷英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdidSaradoyesterday?A.Sheswaminthelake.B.Shedidsomesunbathing.C.Shedivedunderthewater.2.WheredidHarryseeJane’sbrotheryesterday?A.Atthesupermarket.B.Inthepark.C.Onaplane.3Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtodo?ABorrowamusical.B.Goonapicnic.C.Watchavideo.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Doctorandpatient.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirexperience.B.Aninterviewee.C.Amagazine.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atabakery.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atasupermarket.7.Whatshouldthewomanpayfor?A.Acheesepizza.B.Aglassofmilk.C.Achocolatecake.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatisthemangoingtoattend?A.Awedding.B.Abusinessevent.C.Ananniversaryparty.9.Whatdoesthemanagreetoadjust?A.Thecolorofhisjacket.B.Thestyleofhisshirtbuttons.C.Thesleevelengthofhisjacket.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whyisthemanunhappy?A.Hemadeaseriousmistakeatwork.B.HequarreledwithMr.Scott.C.Hemissedahikingtrip.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Mean.B.Careless.C.Impolite.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.CallMr.Scott.B.Makeacomplaint.C.Contacthiscustomer.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.WhydidthemangotoMaria’sschoollastFriday?A.Tointerviewherheadmaster.B.Tovisitthelibrary.C.Toattendaspeech.14.WhenwillMariagoshopping?A.Thisafternoon.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.15.Whatisthemanbusydoing?A.Doingthehousework.B.Preparingforaparty.C.Writingareport.16.WhatwillMariaprobablydonext?A.HavefunwithTina.B.Cleanthelivingroom.C.Invitefriendstotheparty聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whenwasthe44thcontestheld?A.In2016.B.In2017.C.In2018.18.WhatroledoesSafewayplayinthecontest?A.Itteachespumpkingrowers.B.Itjudgesthepumpkins.C.Itprovidestheprizes.19.Whatistherequirementforthemaximumprizein2018?A.Beinglargerthantheothers.B.Beingover2,624pounds.C.Beingtheprettiest.20HowmuchdidStevenDaletasgetin2018’scontest?A.$15,190.B.$19,150.C.$30,000.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEnglishTeacherinRuralSchoolsCometoworkwithusandexperiencetheruralGhanaianwayoflife!Wearelookingforthosewho’dliketohelpoutinschoolstoassistwiththeteachingandunderstandingoftheEnglishlanguage.Volunteerswillbeplacedinprimaryorjuniorhighschoolswhicharelocatedtogether,thereforeaddinganextralevelofflexibility(機(jī)動(dòng)性)tomeeteveryone’sneeds.Typicalday7:30am—Volunteertransportleavesthevolunteerhousetoprojectsites8:00am—Schoolstarts12:30pm-3:00pm—Lunchbreak15:00pm—Schoolcloses15:30pm—ReturntovolunteerhousePleasenotethisisanexampleofaschedule.Schedulesvaryindifferentschools.Free-timeactivitiesSwimmingGoingonsafari(游獵)VisitingmuseumsorslavecastlesShoppinginmallsorgoingtothecinema(showinglatestfilms)WanderingatbeautifulbeachesRequirements●Age:18yearsandabove●LanguageSkills:English(fluently)●Nationality:Norestrictions●TimeCommitment:Monday-Fridayfrom8:00-15:00AccommodationsVolunteerslivetogetherinsharedaccommodationintheAbetifidistrictofGhana.Thehouseisbasedinaquiettownwhereyouarewithinwalkingdistancetolocalshopsandtaxiroutes—whilebeingabletoenjoythebeautifulsurroundingviewsoftherainforestandmountains.●Bedrooms:sharedusuallybetween2-4peoplewithdoorsandwindowscoveredbymosquitonetting●Bathrooms:withindividualWCsandshowerrooms●Kitchen:withbasicsoffridge/freezer,gasstove,kettleandmicrowaves●LivingRoom:alargeonewithsofas,TVandadiningsetProgramSalary●4weeks:€265●12weeks:€795●50weeks:€2,6891.Whatisavolunteer’susualduty?A.DoingresearchonruralGhanaianlife. B.HelpingtobuildprimaryschoolsinGhana.C.TeachingEnglishinlocalGhanaianschools. D.WorkingtogetherwithlocalGhanaianfarmers.2.Whatisrequiredofthevolunteers?A.FluentEnglish. B.Ghanaiannationality.C.An8-hourworkday. D.Anagelimitof19years.3.Howmuchwillavolunteerworkingforsixmonthsgetfromtheprogram?A.€265. B.€795. C.€1,590. D.€2,689.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在加納農(nóng)村學(xué)校擔(dān)任英語(yǔ)教師的志愿者工作，包括志愿者的日常職責(zé)、空閑時(shí)間活動(dòng)、要求、住宿條件以及項(xiàng)目薪酬等信息?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“CometoworkwithusandexperiencetheruralGhanaianwayoflife!Wearelookingforthosewho’dliketohelpoutinschoolstoassistwiththeteachingandunderstandingoftheEnglishlanguage.(快來(lái)和我們一起工作，體驗(yàn)加納農(nóng)村的生活方式!我們正在尋找那些愿意在學(xué)校幫助教學(xué)和理解英語(yǔ)的人)”可知，志愿者的通常職責(zé)是在當(dāng)?shù)丶蛹{學(xué)校教英語(yǔ)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分中“LanguageSkills:English(fluently)(語(yǔ)言技能：英語(yǔ)(流利))”可知，志愿者需要英語(yǔ)流利。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProgramSalary部分中“4weeks:€265(4周：265歐元)”可知，志愿者工作四周(一個(gè)月)可得到265歐元的報(bào)酬。由此可知，一名志愿者工作六個(gè)月后可得到(265×6=)1590歐元的報(bào)酬。故選C項(xiàng)。BHavingretiredfromthejobatthebrewery(啤酒廠),HaroldFryisleadingasimplelifewithhiswifeMaureenwhenanunexpectedmailarrives.ThesenderisaformerwomancolleagueHaroldhasn’theardaboutfortwentyyears.QueenieHennessyisinhospice(臨終關(guān)懷醫(yī)院)andiswritingtosaygoodbye.Haroldimmediatelywritesareplyandwalkseagerlytothenearestmailboxtosendit.However,thereissomethinginsidehimthatmakeshimgiveupthethoughtofpostinganddespiteMaureen’sdisagreement,hestartstowalktothefarawayBerwicktomeetQueenieinperson,lasting87days.IfirstheardaboutthisbookTheUnlikelyPilgrimage(特別之行)ofHaroldFrywhenIwaswatchingtheinterviewofauthorSantaMontefiore.Thisbookwasapartofherreadinglistatherfriend’ssuggestion,soIdecidedtobuyitinthebookstoreduringthissummer.AndundoubtedlyImadetherightchoice!Thebookhasbeendividedintoseveralchaptersanditismoreofacollectionofshortstories.Ineachchapter,Haroldcomesacrossdifferentpeople,fromagaragegirltoamanagerinthecafé,eachtellingastoryandinfluencingHaroldinsomeway.Aschaptersprogress,yougettoseeachangeinHarold.WhenHaroldmakesthislongsinglejourneythroughthecountryside,heeatswildberriesandsometimescampsinfields,butmyfavoritepartsarethatheoftenengages(使參與)himselfinhispast.Helooksbacktohislife,hisfather,wife,son,andQueenie.Ifeltthisisareminderforallofustohaveamomentofourownduringourbusyschedule.Forafirstnovel,Joycehaswrittenanincrediblestory.Fromthetitleofthebooktothecharacters,everythingiswellorganized.Thestoryhastheenergyofanadventureandatthesametime,it’semotionallyinspiring.Idon’tthinktheadaptedfilmisbetterthanthepaperbook.It’soneofthosebookswhereyoufeelthecharactersandtheirlivesnotbydiscussing,butonlybyreadingit.4.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Amovingstory.C.Atravelguide. D.Adiary.5.Howdidtheauthorfirsthearofthebook?A.Fromabookshopowner. B.Fromabook.C.Fromafriend’srecommendation. D.Fromanauthor’sinterview.6.Whichpartofthebookdoestheauthormostappreciate?A.Harold’sworkexperience. B.Harold’sexperiencesinfields.C.Harold’sreflectiononpastlife. D.ThechallengesHaroldfacesalongtheway.7.Howdoestheauthorsuggesttrulyappreciatingthebook?A.Bydiscussingitwithothers. B.Bywatchingafilmadaptation.C.Byreadingtofeelthecharacters’lives. D.Byrelatingittoone’sownlifeexperiences.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇書評(píng)。文章主要介紹了作者對(duì)TheUnlikelyPilgrimageofHaroldFry這本書的介紹和評(píng)價(jià)?！?題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“IfirstheardaboutthisbookTheUnlikelyPilgrimage(特別之行)ofHaroldFrywhenIwaswatchingtheinterviewofauthorSantaMontefiore.(我第一次聽說(shuō)TheUnlikelyPilgrimage這本書是在看作家桑塔·蒙蒂菲奧里的采訪時(shí)。)”及第四段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要圍繞作者對(duì)TheUnlikelyPilgrimageofHaroldFry這本書的介紹和評(píng)價(jià)展開，是一篇書評(píng)。故選A。【5題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“IfirstheardaboutthisbookTheUnlikelyPilgrimage(特別之行)ofHaroldFrywhenIwaswatchingtheinterviewofauthorSantaMontefiore.(我第一次聽說(shuō)TheUnlikelyPilgrimage這本書是在看作家桑塔·蒙蒂菲奧里的采訪時(shí)。)”可知，作者是通過(guò)觀看一位作家的訪談才第一次聽說(shuō)這本書的。故選D?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句“WhenHaroldmakesthislongsinglejourneythroughthecountryside,heeatswildberriesandsometimescampsinfields,butmyfavoritepartsarethatheoftenengageshimselfinhispast.Helooksbacktohislife,hisfather,wife,son,andQueenie.(當(dāng)Harold獨(dú)自一人長(zhǎng)途跋涉穿過(guò)鄉(xiāng)村時(shí)，他吃野莓，有時(shí)在田野里露營(yíng)，但我最喜歡的是他經(jīng)常沉浸在他的過(guò)去中。他回顧了他的一生，他的父親、妻子、兒子和Queenie。)”可知，作者最欣賞的部分是Harold對(duì)過(guò)去生活的回憶。故選C?！?題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“It’soneofthosebookswhereyoufeelthecharactersandtheirlivesnotbydiscussing,butonlybyreadingit.(在這本書中，你不是通過(guò)討論，而是通過(guò)閱讀來(lái)感受人物和他們的生活。)”可知，作者建議大家通過(guò)閱讀來(lái)感受書中人物及其生活，從而真正欣賞這部作品。故選C。CBeforeMcElroymovedintooneEngAGEcommunity,shehadneverimaginedherlifewouldbelikethis.Althoughinthegoldenyearsofretirement(退休),sheteachesarts,recentlyshehasopenedupanartexhibition,andisplanningaflighttoParistofindinspirationforhernextcreativeproject.Herlifestyleinmanywayshasbeenmadepossiblebythenon-profitorganizationEngAGE,whichhasrevitalized(使重?zé)ɑ盍?theagingprocessbyprovidingdiversefreeon-siteprogramsinitsseniorcommunities,includingnovelwriting,performingplays,storytellingforradio,andartshows.Ithelpsseniorsremainactive,givingthemthecontroltoagethewaytheywanttoage.TheideaforEngAGEdevelopedwhenfounderTimCarpenterwasworkinginthehealthcareandagingindustry,tryingtochangeabrokensystem.Yethedidnotseethechangehedesired.WhenhemetdeveloperJohnHuskey,whowasbuildinggood-lookingseniorcommunities,thetwopartneredup.“Westartedthrowingspaghettiagainstthewall,andsomeofitstuck.Andwecontinuetodoitthatwayandtryalmosteverything,”saidCarpenter.Ninety-fivepercentofthepopulationEngAGEservesislow-income.Seniorsaresurroundedbyqualityprograms,learningopportunities,andstate-of-the-artfacilities.InCarpenter’sview,retirementislikecollege,anewstagewhenyouaretryingtofigureoutwhattodonext.Itcanbeastartingpoint,withthesparetimetotrysomethingdifferentorrevisitanoldpassion.Thoseseniorscanbuildontheirknowledgeofasubjectorstartfromzero.Itisonlythebeginningofsomething,nottheend.McElroyconcluded,“Itisaplacewheremembersareprovidedwithendlessopportunities.Mysononceasked,‘Howlongdoyouplanonlivinghere?’andIjoked,‘They’regoingtohavetocarrymeoutofhere.’”8.WhatcanseniorsdoinEngAGEcommunities?A.Receivequalitymedicaltreatments. B.Learnthebasicsofnovelwriting.C.Enjoyanactivelifewithyoungsters. D.Reunitewiththeirformercolleagues.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“throwingspaghettiagainstthewall”mean?A.Changingtheagingprocess. B.Tastingsomeoverseasfood.C.Decoratingthecommunities. D.Testingoutvariousmethods.10.WhichstatementmightCarpenteragreewith?A.Seventyisthenewtwenty. B.Agoodstartishalfthebattle.C.Neverteacholddogsnewtricks. D.Passionservesasadrivingforce.11.Whichmightbethebesttineforthetext?A.Carpenter’sAmbitiousPrograms B.EngAGE:APlaceofPossibilitiesC.McEtroy:I’mNotan“Old”Artist D.CommunityIstheSourceofStrength【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了EngAGE組織如何通過(guò)提供各種項(xiàng)目使老年人的生活更加充實(shí)和活躍。【8題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Herlifestyleinmanywayshasbeenmadepossiblebythenon-profitorganizationEngAGE,whichhasrevitalizedtheagingprocessbyprovidingdiversefreeon-siteprogramsinitsseniorcommunities,includingnovelwriting,performingplays,storytellingforradio,andartshows.(她的生活方式在很大程度上得益于非營(yíng)利組織EngAGE的支持，該組織通過(guò)在其老年社區(qū)提供多樣化的免費(fèi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)項(xiàng)目來(lái)重新激發(fā)老年人的生活活力，這些項(xiàng)目包括小說(shuō)寫作、戲劇表演、廣播故事講述和藝術(shù)展覽等)”可知，老年人可以在EngAGE社區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)小說(shuō)寫作的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中““Westartedthrowingspaghettiagainstthewall,andsomeofitstuck.Andwecontinuetodoitthatwayandtryalmosteverything,”saidCarpenter.(“把意大利面扔到墻上一樣，有些東西粘住了。我們繼續(xù)這樣做，幾乎嘗試了一切，”卡彭特說(shuō))”可知，劃線部分“throwingspaghettiagainstthewall”是一個(gè)比喻，“把意大利面扔到墻上”如果能粘住，就表示煮好了，這里的意思是說(shuō)他們嘗試了很多不同的方法，看哪些能夠成功地吸引和服務(wù)于老年人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“InCarpenter’sview,retirementislikecollege,anewstagewhenyouaretryingtofigureoutwhattodonext.Itcanbeastartingpoint,withthesparetimetotrysomethingdifferentorrevisitanoldpassion.Thoseseniorscanbuildontheirknowledgeofasubjectorstartfromzero.Itisonlythebeginningofsomething,nottheend.(在Carpenter看來(lái)，退休就像大學(xué)，是一個(gè)新階段，在這個(gè)階段人們?cè)噲D弄清楚接下來(lái)要做什么。它可以是一個(gè)起點(diǎn)，讓人們有空閑時(shí)間去嘗試不同的事物或重拾舊日的激情。這些老年人可以基于他們對(duì)某一主題的知識(shí)進(jìn)行深入探索，或者從零開始。這只是某件事情的開始，而不是結(jié)束)”可知，Carpenter認(rèn)為退休是一個(gè)新的開始，人們可以嘗試新事物或重新拾起舊愛好，年齡并不是限制，與A項(xiàng)“七十歲是新的二十歲”觀點(diǎn)一致，七十歲開始的世界和二十歲開始的世界是一樣的。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了非營(yíng)利組織EngAGE如何通過(guò)提供各種項(xiàng)目使老年人的生活更加充實(shí)和活躍，讓他們能夠按照自己想要的方式變老，讓一切變得可能。由此可知，B項(xiàng)“EngAGE：一個(gè)充滿可能性的地方”適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。DAnewstudyhasfoundthatincludingclimateimpactlabels(標(biāo)簽)onafastfoodmenuinfluencedparticipants’foodchoicesinfavorofmoreclimate-friendlyitems.StudyleadauthorJuliaWolfson,associateprofessorintheDepartmentofInternationalHealthattheBloombergSchool,andherco-authorswantedtotesthowlabelingclimatechangeimpactsoffastfoodmenuitemsmightleadpeopletochooselessredmeat.Eatingtoomuchredmeathasbeenlinkedtomanyhealthproblems.Eatinglessredmeatwouldalsohelplowergreenhousegasemissions(排放).Morethan5,000participantswereshownasamplemenuandaskedtochooseasingleitemfordinner.Onegroupofparticipantsreceivedamenuwithnon-redmeatitemssuchaschickensandwicheslabeled“l(fā)owclimateimpact”.Anothergroupreceivedamenuwithredmeatitems—burgerslabeled“highclimateimpact”.Athirdcontrolgroupreceivedmenuswithoutclimatelabels.Boththehighandlowclimateimpactlabelsmarkedlyreducedredmeatchoicescomparedtothecontrolgroup.Menuswithahighclimateimpactlabelonburgersincreasednon-beefchoicesby23percentcomparedto.thecontrolgroup.Menusthatincludedlowclimateimpactlabelsincreasednon-beefchoices,suchasachickensandwichorasalad,byabout10percentmoreparticipantsthanthoseinthecontrolgroup.“Theseresultssuggestthatmenulabeling,particularlylabelswarningthatanitemhashighclimateimpact,canbeaneffectivestrategyforencouragingmoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)foodchoicesinafastfoodsetting,”saysWolfson.Whileencouragingonthewhole,theresultssuggestthatpositive“l(fā)owclimateimpact”labelsarelesseffectiveinencouragingsustainablefoodchoicescomparedto“highclimateimpact”labels.Atthesametime,climatelabelsmayhavetheunwantedsideeffectofmakingachoiceseemhealthierthanitactuallyis.“Anundeservedhealthhalo(光環(huán))giventounhealthymenuitemscouldencouragepeopletoovereatthem,”Wolfsonsays.“Sowehavetolookforlabelingstrategiesthatcreate‘win-wins’forencouragingbothmoresustainableandhealthychoices.”12.What’stheaimofthenewstudy?A.Toencouragesustainablefoodchoicesinfastfoodrestaurants.B.Todiscovertheimpactofclimatelabelsonfastfoodchoices.C.Tofindouttheconnectionbetweenredmeatandhealthproblems.D.Todecidethebestmethodforlabelingfoodproductsingeneral.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessofthestudy. B.Theresultsofthestudy.C.Theimportanceofthestudy. D.Theinfluenceofthestudy.14.Whatpotentialeffectcouldclimatelabelscause?A.Theymaycauseconfusionamongconsumers.B.Theycouldmakeafooditemseemhealthierthanitis.C.Theymightresultinpeopleconsumingmoreredmeat.D.Theymayleadtoanincreaseinvegetarianchoices.15.WhatisWolfson’sattitudetowardsclimateimpactlabelsonfood?A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.Objective. D.Cautious.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了氣候影響標(biāo)簽在快餐菜單上的使用對(duì)消費(fèi)者食品選擇的影響?！?2題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Anewstudyhasfoundthatincludingclimateimpactlabels(標(biāo)簽)onafastfoodmenuinfluencedparticipants’foodchoicesinfavorofmoreclimate-friendlyitems.(一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在快餐菜單上添加氣候影響標(biāo)簽會(huì)影響參與者的食物選擇，使他們更傾向于選擇對(duì)氣候更加友好的食品)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究的目的是探討氣候標(biāo)簽對(duì)快餐選擇的影響。故選B?！?3題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Morethan5,000participantswereshownasamplemenuandaskedtochooseasingleitemfordinner.Onegroupofparticipantsreceivedamenuwithnon-redmeatitemssuchaschickensandwicheslabeled“l(fā)owclimateimpact”.Anothergroupreceivedamenuwithredmeatitems—burgerslabeled“highclimateimpact”.Athirdcontrolgroupreceivedmenuswithoutclimatelabels.(超過(guò)5000名參與者被展示了一份樣本菜單，并被要求選擇一個(gè)晚餐項(xiàng)目。其中一組參與者收到了一份非紅肉項(xiàng)目(如雞肉三明治)標(biāo)有“低氣候影響”標(biāo)簽的菜單。另一組參與者收到了一份紅肉項(xiàng)目——漢堡標(biāo)有“高氣候影響”標(biāo)簽的菜單。第三組作為對(duì)照組，收到了沒(méi)有氣候影響標(biāo)簽的菜單)”可知，本段主要講述了研究的過(guò)程。故選A?！?4題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Atthesametime,climatelabelsmayhavetheunwantedsideeffectofmakingachoiceseemhealthierthanitactuallyis.(同時(shí)，氣候標(biāo)簽可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)不希望的副作用，即讓某些選擇看起來(lái)比實(shí)際更健康)”可知，氣候標(biāo)簽可能會(huì)使某些食品看起來(lái)比實(shí)際更健康。故選B?！?5題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中““Theseresultssuggestthatmenulabeling,particularlylabelswarningthatanitemhashighclimateimpact,canbeaneffectivestrategyforencouragingmoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)foodchoicesinafastfoodsetting,”saysWolfson.(“這些結(jié)果表明，菜單標(biāo)簽，特別是警告某個(gè)項(xiàng)目具有高氣候影響的標(biāo)簽，可以成為在快餐環(huán)境中鼓勵(lì)更可持續(xù)食物選擇的有效策略，”Wolfson說(shuō))”最后一段““Anundeservedhealthhalo(光環(huán))giventounhealthymenuitemscouldencouragepeopletoovereatthem,”Wolfsonsays.“Sowehavetolookforlabelingstrategiesthatcreate‘win-wins’forencouragingbothmoresustainableandhealthychoices.”(“不恰當(dāng)?shù)慕】倒猸h(huán)加諸于不健康的菜單項(xiàng)目可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)人們過(guò)量食用它們，”Wolfson說(shuō)?！耙虼?，我們必須尋找既能促進(jìn)更可持續(xù)又能促進(jìn)健康選擇的標(biāo)簽策略?！?”可知，Wolfson既看到了其積極的一面，也指出了潛在的負(fù)面影響，對(duì)食品氣候影響標(biāo)簽的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LanguageLearnerHabitstoAvoidSuccessfullanguagelearnersdothekindofthingstheunsuccessfulonesdon’tandavoidtheonesthatunsuccessfulonesdo!Thisarticleisaboutlanguagelearninghabitsthatsuccessfullearnersavoid.Alwaysbeingdistracted.Beingdistractedbynoises,peoplewalkingpastoryourownthoughtswilltakeyouawayfrombeingpresent.Presenceisoffundamentalimportanceinlearning.______16______Studycan’tmakeupforalackofpresence—nothingcan.Onlytalkingthetalk.Thereislittlepointinmakingplansortalkingaboutwhatyouaregoingtodoifyoudonotfollowthrough.______17______Youneedtowalkthetalk.Ifyouareonlytalkingthetalk,maybeithastodowithoneoftheotherhabitsmentionedbelow!______18______Wecanallgetlazyifwearedoingthingsthatarenotinspiringus.Whogetslazywhentheyarecourtingapartner?Whogetslazywiththingstheylovedoing?Lazinessisasignthatsomethinghastochange.Forcingyourselftopersistwillonlylastforsolong,beforeitgiveswaytomorelaziness.Givingup.“Themostcertainwaytosucceed,”ThomasEdisononcesaid,“isalwaystotryjustonemoretime.”_______19_______Andoften,itcomesafterfirstfailingtimeandtimeagain.Ifyouaredoinganyofthese,mysuggestionistolookmorecarefullyandseeifyoucanmoveawayfromthesepractices._______20_______A.Givingintolaziness.B.Learningtogetridoflaziness.C.Inasense,wedolearnbytrialanderror.D.Onceyoudo,youwillbeheadinginabetterdirection.E.Success,howeveryoudefineit,nevercomesfromnottrying.F.Actioniswhatwillproduceresults,notjustwordsorthoughts.G.Withoutthatyoucannotnoticethethingsthatcanhelpyoutoimprove.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者要避免的幾個(gè)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，比如總是分心、只是說(shuō)說(shuō)而已以及輕易放棄等?！?6題】根據(jù)段落主題句“Alwaysbeingdistracted.(總是分心)”可知，該段的主要內(nèi)容與“分心”有關(guān)。空處上一句“Presenceisoffundamentalimportanceinlearning.(專注對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)至關(guān)重要)”介紹“不分心”對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，空處下一句“Studycan’tmakeupforalackofpresence—nothingcan.(學(xué)習(xí)不能彌補(bǔ)注意力的分散——沒(méi)有什么可以)”也在強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有什么可以彌補(bǔ)注意力的分散。因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)該同樣介紹注意力的重要性。分析選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知，G項(xiàng)“心不在焉的話，你就不會(huì)注意到那些能幫助你進(jìn)步的事情。”符合語(yǔ)境；G項(xiàng)中的that指代上文中的Presence。故選G。【17題】根據(jù)上文“Onlytalkingthetalk.Thereislittlepointinmakingplansortalkingaboutwhatyouaregoingtodoifyoudonotfollowthrough.(只說(shuō)不做。如果你不堅(jiān)持到底，制定計(jì)劃或談?wù)撃阋鍪裁淳蜎](méi)有什么意義了)”以及后文“Youneedtowalkthetalk.Ifyouareonlytalkingthetalk,maybeithastodowithoneoftheotherhabitsmentionedbelow!(你需要言行一致。如果你只是說(shuō)說(shuō)而已，也許這與下面提到的其他習(xí)慣之一有關(guān)！)”本段主要介紹“只說(shuō)不做”這一不好的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣?？涨皟?nèi)容指出只有計(jì)劃沒(méi)有行動(dòng)是沒(méi)意義的，空后強(qiáng)調(diào)了行動(dòng)的重要性。F項(xiàng)“行動(dòng)才會(huì)產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，而不僅僅是靠言語(yǔ)或想法”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?8題】空處為段落主旨句，應(yīng)與其他段落的主旨句在形式上保持一致，同時(shí)在內(nèi)容上應(yīng)概括介紹一種不好的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。根據(jù)下文“Wecanallgetlazyifwearedoingthingsthatarenotinspiringus.Whogetslazywhentheyarecourtingapartner?Whogetslazywiththingstheylovedoing?Lazinessisasignthatsomethinghastochange.Forcingyourselftopersistwillonlylastforsolong,beforeitgiveswaytomorelaziness.(如果我們做的事情不能激勵(lì)我們，我們都會(huì)變得懶惰。誰(shuí)在追求伴侶的時(shí)候會(huì)變得懶惰呢?誰(shuí)會(huì)對(duì)自己喜歡做的事情偷懶呢?懶惰是需要改變的信號(hào)。強(qiáng)迫自己堅(jiān)持只會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，在它讓位于更多的懶惰之前)”可知，本段主要介紹“懶惰”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。因此A項(xiàng)“屈服于懶惰”概括了本段主旨。故選A。【19題】根據(jù)上文“Givingup.“Themostcertainwaytosucceed,”ThomasEdisononcesaid,“isalwaystotryjustonemoretime.”(放棄。托馬斯·愛迪生曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)：“成功最可靠的方法就是再試一次?！?”空前內(nèi)容提到ThomasEdison的有關(guān)成功的名言。E項(xiàng)“不嘗試就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成功——不論你如何定義它?！笨梢猿薪由衔?；succeed和Success是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。同時(shí)，E項(xiàng)中的(it)nevercomes與下文的itcomes是對(duì)比的邏輯關(guān)系。故選E?！?0題】空處上一句“Ifyouaredoinganyofthese,mysuggestionistolookmorecarefullyandseeifyoucanmoveawayfromthesepractices.(如果你正在做這些，我的建議是更仔細(xì)地看看你是否可以擺脫這些做法)”鼓勵(lì)人們要擺脫上文中提到的不良習(xí)慣，D項(xiàng)“一旦你這樣做了，你就會(huì)向著更好的方向前進(jìn)。”承接上文內(nèi)容(do指代上文的tolookmorecarefullyandseeifyoucanmoveawayfromthesepractices)。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onecoldmorninginearly2022,LaurenPassellwasonherwaytowork.She’dbeentraininghardforanupcomingmarathon,andwaslimping(跛行)slightlyfromapaininherhip.WhenPassell___21___ontheicysidewalk,shebrokeherhip.Asshetriedtogetherbearings,astrangerappearedfromthecrowdand____22____besideher.Thewoman___23___herselfasSharonEvans.AsEvanshelpedPassellup,allPassellcouldthinkaboutwasthatsheneededtogettowork.Butshewasinterrible___24___,andcouldbarelystand.Seeingthis,EvanstoldPassellto___25___whileshecalledataxi.Oncethetaxiarrived,Evansgotinwithher.Passelltriedtotellherthatitwasn’t___26___.ButEvanswasdetermined.Finally,Passellwas___27___relievedtohaveEvans’company.Whenthetaxipulleduptothehospital,Evanstook___28___again.“Shesaid,‘Youknowwhat,I’mgoingtogetthewheelchairforyouandI’ll___29___youin.’AndIsaid,‘Pleasedon’tdothat.You’vedonesomuch.’Butinmy___30___,Isaid,‘IhopeshecomeswithmebecauseIcan’tevensitup.’”Evansdidn’tjustgointothe___31___withPassell.Shealsohelpedherfillouttheintakepaperwork,andeventookPasselltothebathroom.Eachtime,Passelltriedto___32___Evanstoleave,togettowork.Andeachtime,Evansrefused.It___33___thatPassell’sconditionwasserious.Thedoctortoldhersheneededtohaveanimmediateoperation.Ifnot,shecouldhavediedduetocomplicationsfrombloodclots(血凝塊).Passellnotonly___34___,butranahalfmarathonthenextyear.Shesaysshe___35___this,andsomuchmore,toEvans.21.A.slipped B.drove C.paused D.ran22.A.sat B.slept C.knelt D.lay23.A.regarded B.introduced C.considered D.served24.A.shock B.peace C.safety D.pain25.A.followsuit B.crywolf C.getreal D.stayput26.A.important B.possible C.necessary D.typical27.A.secretly B.naturally C.gradually D.immediately28.A.action B.charge C.breath D.effect29.A.wheel B.chair C.dog D.floor30.A.opinion B.head C.case D.way31.A.toilet B.clinic C.taxi D.company32.A.encourage B.allow C.persuade D.expect33.A.happened B.remained C.reminded D.proved34.A.woke B.moved C.recovered D.changed35.A.owes B.remembers C.donates D.appreciates【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.B31.B32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Passell在結(jié)冰的人行道上滑倒了，并摔斷了髖骨。陌生人Evans伸出了援手，及時(shí)叫來(lái)了出租車，并陪她到醫(yī)院做了手術(shù)的故事。【21題】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Passell在結(jié)冰的人行道上滑倒時(shí)，她摔斷了髖骨。A.slipped滑倒；B.drove駕駛；C.paused暫停；D.ran跑。根據(jù)下文中的“shebrokeherhip”以及第二段中的“helpedPassellup”和“couldbarelystand”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，Passell應(yīng)是在結(jié)冰的人行道上滑倒了，摔斷了髖骨。故選A?！?2題】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她試圖弄清楚方向時(shí)，人群中出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)陌生人，跪在她身邊。A.sat坐；B.slept睡覺(jué)；C.knelt跪下；D.lay躺。根據(jù)上文中的“shebrokeherhip”和生活常識(shí)可知，Passell此時(shí)已經(jīng)摔倒在地上，摔斷了髖骨，所以這名陌生人應(yīng)是跪在Passell身邊跟她說(shuō)話。故選C?！?3題】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位女士介紹自己是SharonEvans。A.regarded注視；B.introduced介紹；C.considered考慮；D.served服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文中的“astranger”和生活常識(shí)可知，二人素不相識(shí)，所以此處是指這位女士介紹說(shuō)自己名叫SharonEvans。故選B。【24題】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是她疼得厲害，幾乎站不起來(lái)。A.shock震驚；B.peace和平；C.safety安全；D.pain疼痛。根據(jù)第一段中的“shebrokeherhip”和下文中的“couldbarelystand”可知，由于髖骨斷了，Passell應(yīng)是非常痛苦。故選D。【25題】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：見此情景，Evans告訴Passell待在原地，她去叫出租車。A.followsuit跟著做；B.crywolf虛張聲勢(shì)；C.getreal認(rèn)真對(duì)待；D.stayput留在原地。根據(jù)前文“andcouldbarelystand.”可知，Evans看到Passell非常痛苦，幾乎站不起來(lái)時(shí)，Evans應(yīng)是讓Passell待在原地，等她叫輛出租車。故選D?！?6題】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Passell試圖告訴她沒(méi)有必要。A.important重要的；B.possible可能的；C.necessary必要的；D.typical典型的。根據(jù)前文“

astrangerappearedfromthecrowd”可知，Evans和Passell素不相識(shí)，所以Passell應(yīng)是不想麻煩Evans，并告訴Evans不必陪自己去醫(yī)院。故選C。【27題】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：終于，有Evans作伴，Passell暗自松了口氣。A.secretly暗自地；B.naturally自然地；C.gradually逐漸地；D.immediately立即。根據(jù)后文“relievedtohaveEvans’company”可知，有了Evans的陪伴，Passell應(yīng)是感到安心，最終暗自松了口氣。故選A?！?8題】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)出租車停在醫(yī)院前時(shí)，Evans又開始負(fù)責(zé)了。A.action行動(dòng)；B.charge費(fèi)用（或充電），主管；C.breath呼吸；D.effect效果。根據(jù)下文中的“Shesaid,‘Youknowwhat,I’mgoingtogetthewheelchairforyouandI’llwheelyouin.’”和“Shealsohelpedherfillouttheintakepaperwork,andeventookPasselltothebathroom.”可知，Passell受傷行動(dòng)不便，Evans幫忙處理一切。takecharge意為“負(fù)責(zé)”，故選B?！?9題】考查動(dòng)詞（名詞動(dòng)用）詞義辨析。句意：這樣吧，我去給你拿輪椅然后推著你進(jìn)去。A.wheel輪子，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；B.chair椅子；C.dog狗；D.floor地板。根據(jù)上文中的“I’mgoingtogetthewheelchairforyou”可知，Evans想去給Passell拿輪椅，然后推著Passell進(jìn)去。故選A?！?0題】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我的腦海里，我說(shuō)，“我希望她和我一起去，因?yàn)槲疑踔敛荒茏饋?lái)?！盇.opinion觀點(diǎn)；B.head頭；C.case情況；D.way方式。根據(jù)下文中的“IhopeshecomeswithmebecauseIcan’tevensitup.”可知，此處是指Passell腦海里的想法：她希望Evans和自己一起去，因?yàn)樽约翰荒茏饋?lái)。故選B?！?1題】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Evans不是和Passell一起去的診所。A.toilet廁所；B.clinic診所；C.taxi出租車；D.company公司。根據(jù)下文“Shealsohelpedherfillouttheintakepaperwork,andeventookPasselltothebathroom.”可知，Evans不僅和Passell一起去了門診部，還幫Passell填了入院文件，甚至還帶Passell去了洗手間。故選B。【32題】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每一次，Passell都試圖說(shuō)服Evans離開，去工作。A.encourage鼓勵(lì)；B.allow允許；C.persuade說(shuō)服；D.expect期望。根據(jù)下文中的“t