高中英語(yǔ)必修7時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

2.25準(zhǔn)備筆、本學(xué)案九上課本、

Whatare“AdverbialClauses”?

在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等的從句叫做“狀語(yǔ)從句”。分類如下：狀語(yǔ)從句1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句3.原因狀語(yǔ)從句4.條件狀語(yǔ)從句5.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句6.目的狀語(yǔ)從句7.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句8.方式狀語(yǔ)從句9.比較狀語(yǔ)從句1)

常用連詞如下：as,when,while,till/until,not…until,before,since,after等。1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1．when引導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。2．while引導(dǎo)的從句：表示“當(dāng)……過(guò)程中”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)主句和從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)期發(fā)生。由于while從句表示一個(gè)持續(xù)的行為，所以從句中要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，并且持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。3．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候；一邊……一邊……；隨著……”，其從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)往往是同一人或物。4．before引導(dǎo)的從句：一般表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前。5．a(chǎn)fter引導(dǎo)的從句：表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。6．since引導(dǎo)的從句：表示“自從……以來(lái)”，從句中的動(dòng)詞一般表示動(dòng)作的起點(diǎn)，用過(guò)去時(shí)。主句中的動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)的情況，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。7．until引導(dǎo)的從句：表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻。8．a(chǎn)ssoonas引導(dǎo)的從句表示“一……就”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作緊密相連。P541.before2.Afterbetiredout3.while4.while5.whenwhile,when,as辨析

While：引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句只指一段時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。從句動(dòng)詞常是延續(xù)性的When：既可以指一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可以是一段時(shí)間，可表示主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或先后發(fā)生。從句動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是非延續(xù)性的。As：強(qiáng)調(diào)主句﹑從句動(dòng)作相并發(fā)生,譯為”一邊…一邊…”或“隨著”1）as,when引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.我剎車后，有一個(gè)人向我走來(lái)。2）當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.干完活后，你可以休息一下。3）從句表示“隨時(shí)間推移”連詞能用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotwarmer.日子一天天過(guò)去，天氣越變?cè)脚?。?）While意為“在……期間”，從句的謂語(yǔ)必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Theplanehadleftwhenwegottotheairport.（2）表示帶有規(guī)律性的“每當(dāng)”，或者主從句動(dòng)作有先后時(shí)，都只能用when.Whenwintercomes,itbecomescold.（3）表示“隨著”時(shí)間的推移，主從句的內(nèi)容是兩種變化的情況，只能用as.Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.1._______hereturned,hiswifewascooking.2._______hewasreading,hiswifewascooking.3.Wetalkedhappily_____wewalkedalong.4.__timegoesby,it'sgettingcolder.WhenWhileasAswhen,while,as的互換如果從句動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，并且從句動(dòng)作為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，when，while，as可以互換使用。1.When/While/Asweweredancing,astrangercamein.dance為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞2.ImetMrLias/when/whileIwaswalkingalongthestreet.

另外,when/while還作并列連詞,連接并列分句,while表示“而,可是”如:Ilikereading______mywifeenjoyswatchingTV.when表示"突然性"“就在這時(shí)”

在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示某件事正在發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生，另一動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。1.beabouttodo…when…2.bedoing…when…3.beonthepointofdoing…when…4.haddone…when…while.________________________(我們正要開(kāi)始就在這時(shí)start)itbegantorain.2.____________________________momcamein.3.Ihadjustgothome____________________(就開(kāi)始下雨）1.Wewereabouttostartwhen我正在玩電腦游戲就在這時(shí)媽媽進(jìn)來(lái)了。Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenwhenitbegantoraintill一般用于肯定句中，until既可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句。

Iwillbeheretill/untilhecomesback.Iwon’tknowwhereheisuntilIgetaletterfromhim.

until/till區(qū)別“延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞（肯定式）+until”表示“直到…為止”1.我一直睡到鬧鐘響為止._________________________.“非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（否定式）+until”表示“直到┅才”2.直到他完成工作才上床睡______________________________________________IsleptuntiltheclockalarmedHedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhiswork.since表示“自從…以來(lái)”，后接點(diǎn)時(shí)間，也可接一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子構(gòu)成時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.自從他來(lái)到我們學(xué)校，他學(xué)習(xí)就非常努力。P551.4.Itisthefirsttimethatsb.havedoneItwasthefirsttimethatsb.haddone

注意:notuntil在句首時(shí)要倒裝Notuntilhesawithimself___________（他才相信）Notuntil__sunglasses___hewasastar.didhebelieveit.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel____Iheardthesteps.A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.afterHewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.whileIt’s/willbe+一段時(shí)間before+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示過(guò)了多久才It’s/will（not）be+一段時(shí)間before+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示沒(méi)過(guò)多久就it’sbeen+一段時(shí)間since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)間+haspassed+since.…,表示“自從.….多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間過(guò)去了”。FiveyearshaspassedsinceheleftChina.自從他離開(kāi)中國(guó)，五年過(guò)去了。before/since用法Itwillbealongtime/4daysbeforewemeetagain.ItwillnotbealongtimebeforetheChinabecomeadevelopedcountry.It

20yearssincewefirst

eachother.sawhasbeen—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.—____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.IfHewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths____hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞相反翻譯，瞬間性動(dòng)詞正常翻譯Itisthreeyears___Ismokedacigar.我不抽煙三年了。Itisthreeyears____Ileftthere.我離開(kāi)那里已經(jīng)三年了。2)

一些表示時(shí)間的名詞詞組也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：themoment/theminute/thesecond（一…就）nexttime（下次）,every/eachtime；bythetime(到…時(shí)候)Themomenthecomes,Iwilltellhim.BythetimeIgraduatefromthisschool,Iwillhavebeenhereforthreeyears.Besuretocallmenexttimeyoucomehere.EverytimeIcaughtacold,Ihadpaininmyhead.3)副詞也可引導(dǎo)；表示“一……就……”。assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly等AssoonasIreachhome,Iwilltellhimthenews.Ileftimmediately/directly/instantlytheclockstruck5.strike撞擊；罷工；劃火柴；侵襲；P56assoonas意為“一…….就…”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生，另一動(dòng)作很快也發(fā)生”。主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；AssoonasIfinishmyhomework.Iwillgoandplaywithyou.我一完成家庭作業(yè)，就去和你玩。assoonassbcan“盡快”。I”llreturnthebiketoyouassoonasIcan.我會(huì)盡快把自行車還給你。whenever/everytimewhenever“在任何時(shí)候，每當(dāng)”.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Pleasecallmefirstwheneveryouleave.無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)，請(qǐng)先打個(gè)電話給我。4)一些固定搭配也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句hardly/scarcely…when

nosooner…than都表示一…就，用以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。注意：當(dāng)hardly,scarcely及nosooner位于句首時(shí),要倒裝。她剛走這事就發(fā)生了。NosoonerhadshegonethanithappenedIhadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.whileB.afterC.IncaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?whenB.untilC.beforeD.sinceExercises3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;thanItisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife____we'veactuallyhadthatlesson.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.whenAgoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners'curiosity____hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until1．_________hecomestomorrow,Ishallaskwherehehasbeen.2．_________hewasspeaking,everybodylistenedcarefully.3．Isawherjust_________shewasgettingoffthetrain.4．Haveagoodlookatthatman_________youpasshim.5．Itwasalreadyeighto'clock_________wegotthere.6.Iwasabouttogoout_________avisitorcame.7．We'llgotothecountryatthebeginningofJune,______thesummerharvestwillstart.8.HelearnedtospeakGerman_________hewasinBerlin.9.Henryisinchargeoftheoffice________Mr.Smithisaway.10.Ilistentotherecorder_________Ihavetime.11.HehadlearnedChinese_________hecametoChina.12._________theworkwasdone,wesatdowntosumupexperience.13.Ihaven'tseenhim_________hemovedtotheothersideofthetown.14.Iwaited________hecameback.15.Itwasnot________hetookoffhiseyeglassesthatIrecognizedhim.16.Shelikeseverythingtobeinplace________shestartstowork.17.Thethievesranaway_________theycaughtsightofthepolice.18.Theydecidedtogobackhome_________theirmoneyranout.19.Weplayedoutsidetillsunset,_________itbegantorain。20.__________Igettotheairport,Iwillphoneyoutopickmeup.21.Theywereabouttoleave___itbegantorain.22.Healwaysstayinbed______lunchtime.23.Ilikeplayingtennis_________myyoungersisterpreferswatchingballgames.24._________Iunderstandyourviewpoint,Idon’tagreewithyou.25._______shegrewolder,shebecamemoreresponsible.1.When2.While/When3.as4.when/as5.when6.when7.when8.while9.while10.whenever11.before12.After13.since14.till/until15.until16.before17.assoonas18.before19.when20.Assoonas21.when22.until23.while24.While25.As1.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless2.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas4.________youbegin,Ithinkyoumustcontinue.A.WhenB.WheneverC.OnceD.Evenif5.Irememberedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once6.Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when7.________Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until8._____JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.WhileD.Till9.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果園)______theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as1.

___

IgettoPairs,I’llcallyouupattheairport.

A.Since

B.While

C.Once

D.Although2.IhadbeentoBeijinglong___

youvisitedit.

A.before

B.till

C.after

D.when3.

Itwasn'tlong__hejoinedthejob

A.that

B.before

C.until

D.and6.IwaswatchingTV____suddenlythelightswentout.

A.when

B.while

C.as

D.for7.

___

hadthebellrung

___

thestudentstooktheirseats.A.Hardly；when

B.Nosooner；when

C.Hardly；than

D.Nosooner；then8.

___

thebabyfellasleep

theroom.A.After；didthemotherleave

B.Notuntil；didthemotherleaveC.Notuntil；themotherleft

D.Soonafter；themotherhadleft9.Iwaswalkingalongtheriver

___

Iheardacryforhelp.

A.while

B.sinc