DIN EN 17460-2022-10 ENG原版完整文件

DINEN17460:2022-10

EN17460:2022(E)

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DINEN17460:2022-10

EN17460:2022(E)

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Contents Page

TOC\o"1-5"\h\z

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Europeanforeword 6

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Introduction 7

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Scope 8

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Normativereferences 8

Termsanddefinitions 9

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Competencesofadhesivebondingpersonnel 14

General 14

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Competencesofcoordinators 15

Competencesoftheadhesivebondingoperators 17

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Designandverificationofadhesivelybondedjointsonrailvehicles 17

General 17

Designprocess 17

Flowchart 17

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Listofrequirements 18

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Preliminarydesignandgeneraldesignparameters 19

Design 19

General 19

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Riskanalysisandsafetyclassification 19

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Adhesivebondingjointlist 20

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Qualificationofanadhesive 20

Validationofthedesign 24

General 24

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Identifyingoftheinfluences/loads 24

Calculation 25

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Provendesign 28

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Componenttest 28

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Combinationofcalculation/componenttest/provendesign 28

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Proofofconformity 28

Workmanship 31

Generalprocessrequirements

Transportandstorageofadhesives,auxiliarymaterialsandadherends

Manufacturingenvironment

Preparationofworkstationsandacclimatizationofmaterials

Occupationalhealthandsafety,environmentalprotection

Checkingforfittingaccuracyconcerningshape,positionanddimension

Checkspriortostartofproduction

Treatmentoftheadherendsurfaces

Dosing,mixingandapplication

Joiningtheadherends

Fixing

Solidification

Packagingandtransportofadhesivelybondedcomponents

Workinstructions

Production-accompanyingwork-samplesasaproofpossibilityofapplicationquality...

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Rework 38

Qualityassurance 38

General 38

Qualityplanning 38

Qualityinspection 39

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Correctiveaction 40

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Imperfectionsinadhesivebonds 40

Maintenanceandrepair 40

General 40

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Documentation 41

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Executionrules 41

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Maintenanceandrepairinstructions 41

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Subcontracting 41

AnnexA(informative)Adhesivebondingpersonnel 42

A.l Personnel 42

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A.l.l Competenciesofadhesivebondingoperators 42

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A.1.2 (Responsible)AdhesiveBondingCoordinator(rABC/ABC) 42

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A.2Organizationalintegrationofadhesivebondingcoordination-furtherdetailsinadditionto4.2 45

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A.3 Monitoringandtestingpersonnel 45

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AnnexB(informative)Explanationofcomprehensive,specificandbasiccompetencies,knowledgeapplication,practicalapplication,andexperiences 46

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Competence-subject 46

Generaldefinitionsofcompetencies,knowledgeapplication,practicalapplication,

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andexperiencesdefinedinTable1ofthisdocument 47

Comprehensive 47

Specific 47

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Basic 48

Detaileddefinitionsofcompetencies,knowledgeapplication,practicalapplication,

andexperienceswithrespecttothesubjectcontentsdefinedinTableB.lofthisannex 48

Comprehensive:detaileddefinitions 48

Specific:detaileddefinitions 55

Basic:detaileddefinitions 61

AnnexC(informative)Listofrequirements 65

AnnexD(normative)Determiningthestresslimit 67

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D.l General 67

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D.2 Characteristicvaluesandthepermissiblestresslimit 67

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D.3 Testinglow-modulus(flexible)adhesives 69

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D.3.1 General 69

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D.3.2Determiningthemodulusofelasticity,thePoisson,sratioandthestress/straincharacteristicusingadhesivetestpieces 69

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D.3.3Testingthequasi-staticadhesivebondstrengthforadhesivebondsformedwithlow-modulusadhesives 69

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D.3.4Testingthecompressionofadhesivebondsusinglow-modulusadhesives 70

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D.3.5Testingtheelongationatbreakafterrelaxationofadhesivebondsusingflexibleadhesive 71

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D.3.6 Testingthecreepbehaviourofadhesivebondsusinglow-modulusadhesives 71

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D.3.7 Testingthefatiguestrengthofadhesivebondsusinglow-modulusadhesives 72

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D.3.8 MeasurementofpHvalueofcuredadhesivesexposuretomoisture 72

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D.4 Testinghigh-modulus(verystiff)adhesives 72

D.4.1 Determiningthemodulusofelasticity,thePoisson,sratioandthestress/strain

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characteristicusingadhesivetestpieces 72

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D.4.2 Testinglapshearstrength 72

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D.4.3 Testingthecreepbehaviourofadhesivebondsusing high-modulusadhesives 73

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D.4.4 Testingthefatiguestrengthofadhesivebondsusinghigh-modulusadhesives 73

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D.4.5 Othertests:measurementofpHvalueofcuredadhesivesexposuretomoisture 73

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AnnexE(informative)Criteriaforchoosinganadhesivebondingsystem 74

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AnnexF(informative)Descriptionofnon-destructiveand destructivetestingmethods 78

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F.l General 78

F.2 Non-destructivetesting 78

F.2.1 Preliminaryremark 78

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F.2.2 Visualinspection 78

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F.2.3 Ultrasonictesting 78

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F.2.4 Thermography 78

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F.2.5 Shearography 79

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F.2.6 Taptest 79

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F.2.7 Waterdroptest 79

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F.2.8 Inktest 79

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F.2.9 Testforadhesionatedgesorflanks 79

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F.2.10 Suctioncuptest 79

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F.2.11 Testusingafeelergauge 79

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F.3 Destructivetesting 79

F.3.1 Preliminaryremark 79

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F.3.2 Fracturepatterns 79

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F.3.3 Lapsheartest(EN1465) 80

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F.3.4 Floatingrollerpeeltest(ISO4578[55]) 80

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F.3.5 Beadpeeltest(ISO21194)[54] 80

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AnnexG(informative)Descriptionofacceleratedageingtests 81

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G.l General 81

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G.2 Ageingfactorsanditseffects 81

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G.3 Selectionofacceleratedageingtest 82

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G.4 Examplesofacceleratedageingtests 82

G.4.1 General 82

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G.4.2 Constantclimaticconditions 82

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G.4.3 Alternatingclimatetest 82

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G.4.4 Saltspraytest 83

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G.4.5 Cataplasmatest 83

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G.4.6 ExposuretolightrespectivelyUVradiation 83

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G.4.7 Exposuretocontaminantsandmedia 83

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G.4.8 Appropriatecombinedtest 83

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G.4.9 Weathering 84

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AnnexH(informative)Examplesofnon-decorativeanddecorativeimperfectionsofadhesivebonds 85

H.l General 85

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H.2 Examplesofnon-decorativeimperfections 85

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H.3 Criteriaanddifferentdecorativeareas 86

AnnexI(informative)Adhesivebondingsymbols 87

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Ll Assembliesinformationondrawings 87

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AnnexJ(informative)Clarificationoffurthervocabularyassociatedwithadhesivebondingtechnology 88

J.l General 88

J.2 Vocabulary 88

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Bibliography 97

Europeanforeword

Thisdocument(EN17460:2022)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC256“Railwayapplications，thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN.

ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJanuary2023,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyJanuary2027.

Attentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisdocumentmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.CENshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.

Anyfeedbackandquestionsonthisdocumentshouldbedirectedtotheusers'nationalstandardsbody.AcompletelistingofthesebodiescanbefoundontheCENwebsite.

AccordingtotheCEN-CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganisationsofthefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,RepublicofNorthMacedonia,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,TurkeyandtheUnitedKingdom.

Introduction

Historically,theproductionofrailwayvehiclesandtheircomponents,forthemainpart,comprisessuchmaterialsassteelsandaluminiumalloys.Theirmethodsofconstructionandassemblyincludesuchprocessesasbolting,riveting,andwelding.

RailwayvehicleswithinthemeaningofthisdocumentaredefinedinEN15380-1[47].

Technologicaldevelopmentshaveledtotheavailabilityofothermaterials,e.g.composites,andsomeofthesetraditionalmethodsofconstructionasbolting,riveting,andweldingandassemblyarenotnecessarilyappropriateorsuitableforsuchmaterials.

Forthisreason,aprocessofadhesivebondingcanbeessentialfortheproductionofcertainrailwayvehiclesandtheircomponents,notonlyinthecaseofcompositesbutforsteelsandaluminiumalloysaswellasglassandothermaterials.

Theconfirmationofthequalityandintegrityofthefinaladhesivelybondedjointsdonotreadilylendthemselvestotraditionalinspectionandtestingtechniquessuchasnon-destructivetesting.

Therefore,itisessentialthatthequalityandcontroloftheadhesivelybondedjointsofassembliesandcomponentsismanagedtothebestpossiblelevelbymeansofanappropriateprocesscontrolprocedure.

WhilsttherearestandardsthatdealwithQualityControlandaretakenintoaccount,thisdocumentaimstogivethecorrectframeworkandincludesadditionaldetailnecessaryforalladhesivebondingandsealingactivitiesperformedonrailwayvehiclesanditscomponentsasaspecialprocess.

NOTEENISO9001[41]issuchanexample.

Againstthisbackground,thisdocumentreferstodefinitionsaswellasorganisational,management,contractualandtechnicalprinciplestobefollowedinproductionofadhesivelybondedjointsinanalogytoweldingtechnology.Thus,comparablefocalpointsarealsothefocushere:

Focalpoint1:Classificationofeachadhesivelybondedjointaccordingtosafetyrequirements(see5?3.2)?

Focalpoint2:Designationofsupervisorypersonnel(AdhesiveBondingCoordinators-ABCs)andexecutionpersonnel(AdhesiveBondingOperators)whocanobjectivelydemonstratethattheyhavethenecessaryandrequiredskills,knowledge,andexperienceinthefieldOfadhesivebonding(seeClause4).

Focalpoint3:Verificationthattheactualloading(stress,strain,andstrainenergy)ofanadhesivelybondedjointduringtheuseofanadhesivelybondedproductisinanycaselessthanthemaximumloadcapacity(see5.4andAnnexD).

Anotherfocusofthisdocumentaretheprinciplesofworkmanshipofadhesivelybondedjoints(seeClause6).

Scope

Thisdocumentdefinestermsandspecifiesrequirementsforadhesivebondingandsealingworkinrailvehiclesandtheircomponentsindependentofthematerialoftheadherendandthesolidificationmechanism,strength,anddeformationpropertiesoftheadhesives.

Thisdocumentisapplicabletoadhesivebondingandsealingadherendsinthe:

—development(pre-production);

—production(in-production];

maintenanceincludingrepair(post-production);

—qualityassuranceofproduction,inspection,maintenanceincludingrepairofrailvehiclesandtheircomponents.

Thisdocumentisnotapplicableto:

screwretentionbytheusageofadhesives,ifascrewassemblywithoutfurthersafeguardofidenticaljointdesignissufficientforthepurpose;

—hybridjoints,iftheexpectedfunctionisgivenexclusivelybyanotherjoiningtechnologye.g.welding,screwing,riveting;

productionofvulcanizates;

productionofplywood;

productionoffibrereinforcedplasticcomposites(FRP-composites);

productionOflaminatedsafetyglass;

pureencapsulatingofelectronicparts;

—applicationofsingle-sidedadhesivedecorativefilms.

Normativereferences

Thefollowingdocumentsarereferredtointhetextinsuchawaythatsomeoralloftheircontentconstitutesrequirementsofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyamendments)applies.

EN1465,Adhesives—Determinationoftensilelap-shearstrengthofbondedassemblies

EN923,Adhesives—Termsanddefinitions

ENISO10365,Adhesives—Designationofmainfailurepatterns

ISO16269-6:2014,Statisticalinterpretationofdata—Part6:Determinationofstatisticaltoleranceintervals

EN14869-2lStructuraladhesives—DeterminationofshearbehaviourOfstructuralbonds—Part2:Thickadherendssheartest(/S。11003-27

ISO12107,Metallicmaterials—Fatiguetesting—Statisticalplanningandanalysisofdata

Termsanddefinitions

Forthepurposesofthisdocument,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninEN923,andthefollowingapply.

NOTEAnadditionalclarificationofvocabularyassociatedwithadhesivebondingtechnologyisgiveninAnnexJ.

ISOandIECmaintainterminologicaldatabasesforuseinstandardizationatthefollowingaddresses:

ISOOnlinebrowsingplatform:availableat

/obp

IECElectropedia:availableat

/

3.1

adhesion

technicaltermfortheinteractionsbetweentheadhesivepolymersandtheadherend/substratesurface

Note1toentry:Adhesionoccursinnm-dimensions.

3.2

cohesion

internalstrengthofamaterial,e.g.anadhesive

Note1toentry:Cohesionforceskeepforexamplethemoleculesofanadhesivetogetherandarebasedonattractivephysicalforcesbetweenthepolymerchains,entanglementofthepolymerchains,andchemicalbondsinsideandbetweentheadhesivepolymerchains.

3.3

adhesive

non-metallicmaterialwhichbondstwoadherends/substratestogetherviaadhesionandcohesion

3.4

adherend

substrate

objectorsemi-finishedproduct(e.g.,sheetmetal,wires,metalextruded,mouldedplastic,fabrics,glass,coatedsubstrate,etc.)onwhichanadhesiveisapplied

Note1toentry:Inadhesivebondingprocesses,thetermadherendisoftenusedasasynonymforsubstrate.

3.5

adhesionpromotor

liquidusedinsurfacetreatmenttoimprovetheadhesionoftheadhesivetotheadherend

Note1toentry:Adhesionpromotorsoftenarenamedasprimers,accelerators,oractivators(seealsoJ.2.2).

3.6

adhesivebonding

processofjoiningtogethertheadherendsbyanadhesiveorsealant

Note1toentry:Theadherends/substratescanbemadeofthesameaswellasofdifferentmaterialsandcanhavedifferentsurfacecharacteristics.

3.7

adhesivebondingarea

areawhichisusedtojoinoneormoreadherends/substratesusinganadhesive

Note1toentry:Theadhesivebondingareaisusuallytheproductoftheoverlaplengthandoverlapwidthoftheadherends/substrates.

3.8

AdhesiveBondingCoordinator

ABC

qualifiedpersonwithprovenexpertiseinadhesivebondingtechnologyresponsibleforthesupervisionoftheadhesivebondingprocessesandforalllinkedactivities

Note1toentry:TheresponsibilitiesoftheAdhesiveBondingCoordinators[ABCs]areshowninTable1.

3.9

responsibleAdhesiveBondingCoordinator/deputy

rABC/d

qualifiedpersonwithlevelofcompetenceaccordingtoTable1inadhesivebondingtechnologytosupervisethefullscopeorapartofthefullscopeasthehighestinstanceregardingbondingtechnologyincludingannouncementsofdeputiesaccordingtoscopeandclass

3.10

adhesivebonder

personnelwithprovencorrespondingknowledgeapplyingorexecutingtheadhesivebondingprocesstomanufacture,maintain,orrepaircomponents

3.11

adhesivebondingpersonnel

personnelinvolvedinthedesign,planning,manufacturing,andmaintenance/repairrelatedtotheadhesivebondingprocess

3.12

adhesivebondingprocedure

allassociatedprocessesconcernedwithadhesivebondingsuchasconditioningofsubstratesandadhesive,surfacetreatment,processingtheadhesive,applicationoftheadhesive,joiningtheadherends/substratesandsolidification(curing/hardening)

3.13

adhesivelybondedjoint

connectionoftwoormoresubstrates(adherends)fromthesamematerialordifferentmaterialswiththeuseofanadhesive

Note1toentry:Anadhesivelybondedjointcanbedefinedasrigidcoupling,flexiblecoupling,orjointsealing.Allthreetypesofjunctionarebasedonthesameprinciplesofoperation.

3.14

structuraladhesivelybondedjoint

adhesivelybondedjointinwhichtheadhesivebondmakesasignificantcontributiontoguaranteetheload-transferringbetweentheadherends

3.15

component

onepartofanadhesive

Note1toentry: Inadhesivebondingtechnology,thepartsofanadhesivesystem(resinandhardener)arecalled

components(componentAandcomponentB).

3.16

ageing

changesinadhesivelybondedjointsandtheirpropertiesovertime

Note1toentry:Ageingcanbesimulatedbystorageoflaboratorytestsamplesunderspecialclimaticconditionsinordertomimic,overashortperiodoftime,theeffectstowhichadhesives/adhesivelybondedjointsareexposedduringtheirwholereallifetime.

Note2toentry:Adhesivescanageduetotheeffectofmoisture,chemicals,oxygen,heat,light,mechanicalstress,etc.

3.17

application

placeadhesiveonanadherendduringtheadhesivebondingprocedure

3.18

curing

chemicalsolidificationoftheadhesive

chemicalreactionsleadingtoadhesivesolidification(thermoplastic,elastomeric,orthermosetpolymers)

Note1toentry:Thisreferstochemicallycuringadhesives.

3.19

curingtime

periodoftimerequiredtosolidifyachemicallycuringadhesiveuntilfinalstrength

3.20

technicaldatasheet

technicalinformationsheetaboutanadhesivewrittenbytheadhesivemanufacturer

Note1toentry:Itgivesinformationabouttheadhesiveandhowtoprocessandapplytheadhesive(alsocalled:TDS).

3.21

safetydatasheet

informationsheetaboutproduct-relatedimportantsafetyinstructions

Note1toentry:AlsocalledMaterialSafetyDataSheet(MSDS).

3.22

destructivetesting

analyses,tests,orsurveyscarriedoutonatestsampleorsystemforgettingqualitative/quantitativespecificproperties

Note1toentry:Thetestsamplecannotbeusedafterwards.

3.23

non-destructivetesting

NDT

analyses,tests,andmeasurementsperformedusingmethodswhichdonotundulyalterthematerialanddonotdamageordestroythesampleinthetestsystem,aimedattheinvestigationandidentificationofdefectsofthestructureitself

Note1toentry:Eachtestsamplecanbeusedafterwardswithoutcompromisingthefunctioningoftheproduct.

3.24

handlingtime

timewhichisreachedwhenthesolidificationoftheadhesiveintheadhesivelybondedjointhasprogressedtosuchanextentthat-withoutimpairingthequalityoftherespectiveadhesivelybondedjointinanyway-thenextworkstepincludingtheresultingloadingcanbeinitiated,therailvehicleorrailvehiclepartcanbedeliveredoritscommissioningcantakeplace

3.25

hotspot

FEM

smallregionorareawithahighvalueofaquantity(e.g.,stress,strain,energy)

3.26

influence

non-mechanicalparametersthatareappliedtoamaterialandchangeitsproperties

Note1toentry:Thenatureofthenon-mechanicalparametersinfluencesthematerialbehaviour(loading)andtheloadcapacitytobeselected.Furtherinfluencescanhaveanimpactoftheadhesiveselection.

3.27

joining

assemblingofsubstrates/adherends(3.1)tobecomeawhole

Note1toentry:Adhesivebondingisjustonejoiningmethod.Othersarewelding,screwing,andriveting.

3.28

load

mechanicalparametersthatareappliedtoamaterialandleadtostressesandstrains(deformations)inthematerial

Note1toentry:ThetypeofmechanicalparametersinfluencesthematerialBehaviour(Ioading)andtheloadcapacity(see3.29)tobeselected.

3.29

loadcapacity

limitoftheadhesivelybondedjointtowithstandstress,strainandstrainenergy

3.30

loadcase

combinationsofloadsandinfluencesappliedtoanadhesivelybondedjointatthesametime

Note1toentry:Usuallythereareseveralloadcaseswhichdescribedifferentstatesinvehicleoperationaswellasinthemanufacturing/repairprocess.Manufacturing/repairloadcasesarealwaystobeevaluatedincombinationwiththesolidificationstateoftheadhesiveandarethebasisforthedeterminationofhandlingstrengthorcommissioningtimes.

3.31

non-mechanicalload

differenttypesofexternalinfluences,whichcanactonanadhesivelybondedjoint,e.g.heat,moisture,andchemicaleffects(water,solvents,etc.)

3.32

mechanicalproperty

propertyrelatedtothebehaviourofanadhesiveoradhesivelybondedjointwhensubjectedtoexternalphysicalforces(tensileforces,shearforces,abrasiveforces,compressiveforces,torque,lapshearforces,etc.)

3.33

potlife

periodoftimeinwhichareactive2Cadhesiveshallbeappliedafterputtingtogetherandmixingitscomponentsuntilthemaximumpermissibleviscosityforstillsufficientwettingisreached(themaximumprocessingtime)

Note1toentry:Thistimedependsonthespeedandtherateofthechemicalreactionsresponsibleforthepolymerformation(curingrate)andalsoontheexternalboundaryconditions(e.g.temperature,quantityofmixtureprepared).Inordertocreatehigh-qualityadhesivelybondedjointsthepotlifeisstrictlyobserved.Chemicallycuringadhesiveswhichhaveexceededtheirpotlifecannotbeappliedanylongerontheadherend'ssurfaceandaredisposed.

Note2toentry:InsomeTechnicalDatasheetsinsteadoftheterm"potlife"theterm"worklife"isused.

3.34

qualificationofanadhesive

processforprovingthattheadhesivemeetstherequirementsplacedonit

3.35

safetyclass

performancerequirementsoftheadhesivelybondedjointdefinedonthebasisofthepotentialofdamageeffectthatthefailureofthejointcancause

3.36

specialprocess

processwheretheconformityoftheresultingoutputcannotbevalidatedeasily,i.e.usuallynon-Jestructivelywithonehundredpercentcertainty,oreconomically

3.37

stresscracking

crackdevelopmentinplasticsasaconsequenceofthesimultaneousactionofchemicals(e.g.,solvents)andmechanicalstress

Noteltoentry:Theresidualstressofamaterialoftensufficesforstresscrackstodevelop.

3.38

surfacetreatment

treatmentofthesurfacesofpartstobejoinedinordertooptimisewettabilityandadhesionandtoachievereproducibleadhesivelybondedjointswithastabilitythatmeetstherequirements

3.39

testsample

speciallypreparedspecimenwhichisthesubjectofdestructiveornon-destructivetesting

3.40

thermoplasticpolymer

classofplasticwhichcanbedeformedinanydesiredwaywithinaspecifictemperaturerange,withoutundergoingachemicalchange

Note1toentry:Thesedeformationpropertiesareduetothefactthatthepolymersarenotchemicallycrosslinked.

3.41

thermoset

typeofplasticwithpolymerchainschemicallycrosslinkedinanarrow-meshwhichcannotbedeformedinanydesiredway,withoutundergoingachemicalchange

3.42

user-companyadhesiveuser

companythatusesadhesivesandadhesivebondingtechnologyfortheirproduction,maintenanceandrepair

3.43

wettability

abilityofaliquid(forexampleanadhesive)tospreaditselfonasolidsurfacesothattheadhesiveisdistributedoveraslargeanareaaspossibleontheadhesivebondingsurfaceandcomessoclosetothesurfacethattheinteractioncantakeplace

Note1toentry:Eventhoughtheadhesionisalsodependentonotherfactors,thewettingofthesurfaceisanabsolutelynecessaryconditioninordertoobtainadhesionbetweenadherendandadhesive,butnottheonlyone.

Competencesofadhesivebondingpersonnel

General

Theadhesiveuser-companyshallhaveattheirdisposaladhesivebondingpersonnelwithappropriatecompetencesforAdhesiveBondingOperatorsandAdhesiveBondingCoordinators(rABC∕d).Personnelperformingadhesivebondingworkshallhavethenecessarycompetencies,knowledgeandexperiencesforplanning,designing,supervising,testingandworkmanshipinadhesivebondingtechnology.SeealsoAnnexAforfurtherdetails.

Theworkperformedbythesubcontractorshallalsobeexecutedfollowingtherequirementsofthisdocument.

Incaseofsubcontracting,anexternalrABC/doftheorderingcompanyshallnotworkforthesubcontractingparty.

Therearethreelevelsofcompetencies1,2and3,seeTable1.

Table1—Levelsofcompetencies,knowledgeandexperiencesforadhesivebondingpersonnel

Level

Scopeofcompetencies,knowledgeandexperiences

1

Comprehensivetechnologicalcompetences,knowledgeandexperiencesinadhesivebondingtechnologyarefulfilledbythestate-of-the-artskillsandadvancedskills(minimumone-yearsuitableexperienceinadhesivebondingtechnology)

ExamplesininformativeAnnexB

2

Specifictechnologicalcompetences,knowledgeandexperiencesinadhesivebondingtechnologyarefulfilledbythestate-of-the-artskillsandadvancedskills(minimumone-yearsuitableexperienceinadhesivebondingtechnology)

ExamplesininformativeAnnexB

3

Basictechnologicalcompetences,knowledgeandexperiencesinadhesivebondingtechnologyarefulfilledbythestate-of-the-artskills.

TrainingandqualificationofthislevelcanbeapprovedbyrABC∕d.Inth