標準解讀

《GB/T 44611-2024 栽培介質有害生物檢測規(guī)程》是一項國家標準，旨在規(guī)范栽培介質中可能存在的有害生物的檢測方法與流程。該標準適用于農業(yè)、園藝等領域內使用的各種栽培介質（如土壤、泥炭、椰糠等）中有害生物（包括但不限于昆蟲、螨類、線蟲、真菌、細菌和病毒）的檢測。

標準首先明確了適用范圍及術語定義，確保使用者能夠準確理解其內容并正確應用。接著，詳細描述了樣品采集的方法，強調了采集過程中需要注意的關鍵點，比如避免交叉污染、保持樣品完整性等原則，以保證后續(xù)檢測結果的有效性和準確性。

在樣品處理部分，《GB/T 44611-2024》提供了多種處理技術的選擇指南，根據不同的目標生物類型推薦相應的預處理步驟，如篩選、漂浮分離或化學提取等，以便于更有效地分離出待檢生物體。

對于具體的檢測方法，《GB/T 44611-2024》列舉了幾種常見且有效的技術手段，包括顯微鏡觀察法、分子生物學鑒定法（如PCR）、免疫學測試（ELISA）以及培養(yǎng)基直接接種法等，并對每種方法的操作細節(jié)進行了說明。此外，還特別指出了某些特定情況下應采取的特殊措施，比如針對難以培養(yǎng)或生長緩慢的微生物時可采用的替代方案。


如需獲取更多詳盡信息，請直接參考下方經官方授權發(fā)布的權威標準文檔。

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文檔簡介

ICS

65.020.20

CCS

B16

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T44611—2024

栽培介質有害生物檢測規(guī)程

Codeofpracticeforthedetectionofpestsinthegrowingmedium

2024-09-29發(fā)布2025-04-01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國家標準化管理委員會

GB/T44611—2024

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術語和定義

···························································································

1

4

栽培介質基本信息

····················································································

1

5

檢測程序

······························································································

1

6

檢測對象及檢測依據

·················································································

2

6.1

檢測對象

·························································································

2

6.2

檢測依據

·························································································

2

7

現(xiàn)場檢驗

······························································································

3

8

實驗室檢測

···························································································

3

8.1

昆蟲及軟體動物檢測

·············································································

3

8.2

線蟲檢測

·························································································

3

8.3

植物病原菌物檢測

···············································································

3

8.4

植物病原細菌檢測

···············································································

3

8.5

雜草檢測

·························································································

4

9

檢測結果報告

·························································································

4

10

綜合判定

····························································································

4

11

檢測記錄及樣品保存

················································································

4

11.1

檢測記錄內容

···················································································

4

11.2

樣品及記錄保存

················································································

4

附錄A（資料性）

栽培介質中主要檢疫性有害生物名單

·············································

6

A.1

線蟲

·····························································································

6

A.2

菌物

·····························································································

6

A.3

細菌

·····························································································

7

附錄B（規(guī)范性）

線蟲分離方法

······································································

8

B.1

漂浮分離法

······················································································

8

B.2

改良漏斗法

······················································································

8

附錄C（規(guī)范性）

菌物檢測方法

······································································

9

C.1

洗滌檢驗法

······················································································

9

C.2

稀釋分離法

······················································································

9

C.3

選擇性培養(yǎng)基分離法

············································································

9

參考文獻

································································································

10

Ⅰ

GB/T44611—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由全國植物檢疫標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC271）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國檢驗檢疫科學研究院、寧波海關技術中心、蘇州晶睿生物科技有限公司、

滿洲里海關、寧夏回族自治區(qū)農業(yè)技術推廣總站、福州海關技術中心、山東大學。

本文件主要起草人：田茜、顧建鋒、段維軍、吳堯、劉瑋琦、李秋實、徐晗、杜偉、于文濤、

張偉。

Ⅲ

GB/T44611—2024

栽培介質有害生物檢測規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件給出了栽培介質的基本信息，確立了栽培介質有害生物檢測程序，規(guī)定了檢測對象的確定及

檢測依據的選擇、現(xiàn)場檢驗、實驗室檢測、出具檢測結果報告以及綜合判定的過程，描述了記錄及保存

的證實方法。

本文件適用于進出境及國內生產流通的栽培介質中有害生物的檢測鑒定。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日

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