考點(diǎn) 31 閱讀七選五-段尾設(shè)空題（核心考點(diǎn)精講精練）高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)幫（新高考）原卷版

考點(diǎn)31閱讀七選五-段尾設(shè)空題（核心考點(diǎn)精講精練）1.高考真題考點(diǎn)分布年份卷別體裁詞數(shù)主題語境話題設(shè)題位置選項(xiàng)特征段首段中段尾2024年新高考全國I卷夾敘夾議文313人與自我使用英語詞典的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、心得與樂趣140完整句新高考全國=1\*ROMANII卷說明文297人與自然如何避免“過度旅游”131完整句全國甲卷說明文313人與自我適度飲食131完整句北京卷說明文363人與社會(huì)“刺猬”型思維方式和“狐貍”型思維方式140完整句浙江1月卷說明文330人與社會(huì)在線學(xué)習(xí)利弊140完整句2023年新高考全國I卷說明文321人與自我自我原諒041完整句新高考全國=1\*ROMANII卷說明文310人與社會(huì)開始藝術(shù)之旅的建議131完整句全國乙卷說明文335人與自然室內(nèi)植物的好處032殘缺句＋完整句全國甲卷說明文287人與自我成為更有耐心的人的技巧131殘缺句＋完整句北京卷說明文255人與社會(huì)如何選擇高校的建議131完整句浙江1月卷說明文361人與社會(huì)能使火車旅行更舒適的建議140完整句全國甲卷說明文315一1312022年人與社會(huì)些外出就餐時(shí)要知道的一些重要事情殘缺句＋完整句全國乙卷說明文316人與社會(huì)五種維系異地友誼的方法311殘缺句＋完整句新高考全國I卷說明文332人與社會(huì)如何找到一個(gè)一起鍛煉的伙伴041完整句新高考全國=1\*ROMANII卷說明文312人與社會(huì)介紹寫文章的技巧140完整句浙江卷1月說明文309人與社會(huì)既可以充分利用時(shí)間又可以快樂放松的有效建議221完整句浙江卷6月說明文338人與社會(huì)寫作都是帶有某種目的的131完整句2.命題規(guī)律及備考策略【命題規(guī)律】從近三年高考試題對(duì)段尾句共考查13次。段尾設(shè)空的題多為總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，偶有起承上啟下的作用。即要么是結(jié)論句，要么就是承上啟下句?！緜淇疾呗浴?）總結(jié)概括句1.做題時(shí)一要注意設(shè)空的前一句或前兩三句；2.要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)的詞語如thus,therefore,hence,so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumup等；2）承上啟下(過渡)句1.在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)要考慮與下一段開頭是否有銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段的開頭幾句，看是否能緊密聯(lián)系起來。2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能連貫起來。3.通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。4.與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折、排比、并列、遞進(jìn)等關(guān)系。根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，3.【命題預(yù)測(cè)】從近三年命題的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)來看，預(yù)測(cè)2025年高考閱讀理解七選五試題仍然以結(jié)構(gòu)鮮明的指導(dǎo)類說明文為主，段尾句也是考查重點(diǎn)?！颈貍浠A(chǔ)知識(shí)】七選五閱讀文章體裁以說明文、記敘文為主。語篇模式也較為固定：依次是提出問題、分析問題、最后是提供解決方案；題目的位置也很固定：有首句、句中、末句與獨(dú)立成段四種情形；題型的正確選項(xiàng)大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。若問題在段尾，通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。也可以是承上啟下（過渡）句子。01段尾句考查總結(jié)概括句要注意表示結(jié)尾總結(jié)的詞。表概況歸納關(guān)系有：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup等。【2024全國甲卷】Whatismoderation(適度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.____16____Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.Takeyourtime.It'simportanttoslowdownandthinkaboutfoodassomethingnutritiousratherthanjustsomethingtoeatinbetweenmeetings.____17____Itactuallytakesafewminutesforyourbraintotellyourbodythatithashadenoughfood,soeatslowlyandstopeatingbeforeyoufeelfull.Eatwithotherswheneverpossible.Eatingalone,“speciallyinfrontoftheTVorcomputer,oftenleadstomindlessovereating.Andbecarefulaboutthefoodsyoukeepathand.It'smorechallengingtoeatinmoderationifyouhaveunhealthysnacksattheready,likecookies.____18____AEatproperlythroughouttheday.B.Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C.Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D.Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E.Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G.Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.（2024·河南·三模）Beingaplastic-freegardenerisanimportantstepforhavinganeco-consciousgarden.Here’showtogardenbyusingalternativestoplasticplantpots.Lotsofpots1.Mostaremadeofplastic,andcomeinavarietyofcolours.Noneoftheseplasticsarereadilyrecyclable.Halfabillionplasticpotsendedupinlandfillorbeingburnedeachyear.Plastic-freeplantpotalternativesThegreatnewsisthat,thechoiceofalternativeplastic-freepotsisfantastic.2.Ceramic(陶瓷)potsThoughexpensive,whenitcomestoplantpots,thereisnotmuchthatcomparestotheappealofhand-madeceramicpots.Ceramicpotsaremadefromthefiringofclay.3.Therefore,ifcollectedsteadilyovertheyears,theybecomethebackboneofanyworkinggarden,offeringareadypotforamonthortwoofgrowingon;apermanenthomeforrepeat-floweringflowerslastingforseasons;oradecorativefeatureforagreenhouse.WoolpotsMadefromrawwashedwoolpots,thesecutelittlepotsareaveryattractivenaturalalternativetoplastic.

4,buttheyalsomakeaperfectpotfordecorativeplantsthatwillsitinastrikingpositionwhiletheyaregrowinglarger—agreattalkingpointforplastic-freegardening.Hemp(麻)potsHemppotsareagreatalternativetotheplasticpotsusedtogrowtomatoandpotatoplants.5.Theycomeinarangeofsizes,fromaroundfivetofortylitres(公升).Hemppotsdevelopfromasustainablesource,arefullybrokendownandcanbereusedforseveralseasons.A．TheyaredurableB．LimittheuseofplasticinthegardenC．WoolpotscanbeusedtostartyoungplantsD．TheyareareplacementforthosewithlimitedgrowingspaceE．ManygardenershaveacollectionofplasticplantpotsovertheyearsF．ManyofthepotsinwhichplantsweresoldatthetimewererecyclableG．Inadditiontofabric,thereisalsowood,cardboard,bamboo,rubber,andevenwool02段尾句考查補(bǔ)充信息句是對(duì)前文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明,這時(shí)要選擇補(bǔ)充性的語句。【2024新課標(biāo)ⅠⅠ卷】OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.___16___Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.___17___A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.D.Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You’llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.（2024·廣東深圳·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Spreadingkindnessnotonlyhelpsothersfeelbetteraboutthemselvesbutalsobooststhegiver’shealthandhappiness,accordingtoastudy.1.Givingseemstolowerourbloodpressure.2.Onestudyaskedagroupofhypertensive(高血壓的)peopletospend$40onthemselves,whileanothergroupofpeoplewithhighbloodpressureweretoldtospendthemoneyonothers.Theyfoundthatspendingmoneyonothershadreducedtheirbloodpressureattheendofthesix-weekstudy3.Arecentstudyfoundthatpeoplewhosaidtheywoulddonatemoneytohelporphanswerelesssensitivetoanelectricshockthanthosewhodeclinedtogive.Accordingtothestudy,regionsofthebrainthatreacttopainfulstimulationappeartobeinstantlyoutofoperationbytheexperienceofgiving.Beingkindseemstoboosthappiness.Anotherstudyassignedpeopletothreegroups:thefirstgrouphadtodoanactofkindnesseachday;thesecondgrouptriedanewactivityeachday;andthethirdgroupdidnothing.Thefirsttwogroupssawasignificantboostinhappiness.4,ifyou’recreativewithyouractsofkindness,thanthosewhoperformedthesameactivityoverandoveragain.“Whendoinganactofkindness,you’remakingtheworldabetterplace,”saidtheRandomActsofKindnessfoundation,whichpromoteskindnessallyear.5.A．It’sawin-winforallB．GivingseemstolessenourpainC．You’llexperienceevengreaterjoyD．ButconsiderbeingkindtoyourselfE．BeingkindseemstocontributetooursenseofcommunityF．GivingdonationstoothershasbeenshowntohavethateffectG．However,anykindnessyougivetoothersisalsoagifttoyourself03段尾句考查承上啟下(過渡)句段落間的過渡句,首先可以關(guān)注表示邏輯關(guān)系的銜接詞,再結(jié)合詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)等原則進(jìn)行答案的選擇?！?024浙江1月卷】Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.___16___Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?___17___A.Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearen’tdeadlines.B.Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C.Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.（2024·遼寧沈陽·三模）Withsummerfastapproaching,it’stimetobookyourtrips.36Hereissomethingwecandotoavoidthem.Failtodisclosepre-existingmedicalconditions.It’scrucialthatyoutellyourinsuranceprovideraboutanymedicalconditionsyouhave.37Ifyoufailtodisclosetheproblems,youwon’tbecoveredforanyissuesrelatedtotheconditionwhileyou’reonholiday.Ifyou’renotsureifyouneedtomentionamedicalconditionyouhave,it’sworthaskingyourinsuranceprovider.Don’tletyourinsuranceproviderknowifthereareanychangestoyourpre-existingmedicalconditions.Tomakesureyou’renotoutofpocketduringyourholiday,youneedtoinformyourinsuranceproviderofanydevelopmentsinyourmedicalhistory.38Ifanythingchangesinhealth,letyourinsurerknowassoonaspossibletoavoidanycomplications.39Agoodruleofthumbistoorganizeyourtravelinsuranceatthesametimeyoubookyourholiday.Travelinsurancecoversyouforyourholidayaswellastheperiodleadinguptoit.Bybookingyourinsuranceatthesametimeastheholidayitself,you’llbecoveredifanythingchanges,oryouneedtocancelyourtrip.Makesureyouorganizeinsurancewellinadvance.Getyourdetailswrongwhenbookingtravelinsurance.Makesuretocheckyourdetailscarefully.Youwon’tbecoveredifyou’vegivenyourinsurerthewronginformation.Double-checkeverythingyou’veenteredbeforefinalizingyourtravelinsurance.40Makesureyoucomparekeyfeaturesandbenefitsoftravelinsurancepolicies,andnotjusttheprice.Insuranceisvitalforyourtrip,somakesureyoutakethetimetounderstandwhatyou’repayingfor.A．Leavebuyinginsuranceuntilthelastminute.B．Takingoutanannualpolicyforalong-staytrip.C．Thisincludesanymedicalproblemsyouhaveexperienced.D．Ensureyoucheckyourdetailsassoonasyoureceiveyourdocuments.E．Insurersaskformedicalchangesinordertogiveyoutherightlevelofcover.F．Makesureyouhavetravelinsuranceandcardstoavoidanyunexpectedpayments.G．However,thereareseveraltravelinsurancemistakestostopyoufromgettingapayout.04考查半句話類選項(xiàng)1.根據(jù)空格前后的逗號(hào)，可以判斷是半句話類型的題型。2.判斷選項(xiàng)中哪些是半句話，縮小選擇范圍，它可以是從句、非謂語短語、介詞短語等結(jié)構(gòu)。3.根據(jù)空格前后內(nèi)容確定答案。【2023年全國乙卷】Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.____16____,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.____17____.A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’stongueareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding（2024·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）OnabeautifulSaturdaymorning,Iwentforaruninthepark.Igottoaboutamileandahalf,throughrosegardensandaroundtrees.1.ThenextthingIrememberwastwoworriedfaceslookingdownatme.Theywerecallinganambulance,whileablackLabradorwaslickingmyface!Ifeltpaininmyback.Later,Ilearntthedogchasingasquirrelranstraightintome.Iwasthrownintotheairandlandedonmyback.Myusualrunhadturnedintoatriptoanearbyhospital.Luckily,asidefromminorinjuries,IwasOK.2:whatifithadbeenacar?Howcanweeverseethesethingscoming?Thetruthisthatsometimes,lifereallyisoutofourcontrol.Thenwhatdowedowhenitdoes?First,doagratitudestocktake(盤點(diǎn)):myfriendDenise,wouldlookaftermysonJett;gratitudethatitwasadog,notacar,andIlivedtotellthetale.Thenext,whoandwhatmeasuresup?Theseuncontrollablemomentsinlifearealsothetimeswhenyoufindthegreatestclarity.3.Theonesthatmaketheeffort:showup;comeround;bethere.4seeitasanopportunitytostepbackandreassess.Isyourtimeandlovefocusedonthethingsthattrulymatter?Arethereconversationsleftunsaid?Whatdoyouwanttododifferently?Ifitallendedtomorrow,wouldyourlifehavebeenwelllived?Ihopeso.5!A．ButitcrossedmymindB．UnlessmisfortunefallsuponyouC．ThenI‘mnotentirelysurewhathappenedD．YouseethepeoplewhoarereallythereforyouE．WhenthebreathisliterallyknockedoutofyouF．Ididn’texpectaLabradorwouldtransformmylifeG．Ifnot,it’stimetostartlivingandwatchingoutfordogs（最新模擬試題演練）Passage1（2024·吉林長春·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Manypeopledesirestronger,moreauthenticfriendshipsasanadult.6.Howdoyouskiptheawkwardchit-chatphaseandhitthefast-forwardbuttononapotentialfriendship?I’velearnedafewthings.GiveyourselfpermissiontoborepeopleWeallknowthesafetopicstobroachwhenyoufirstmeetsomeone.Butthistendencytoplayitsafecandelayknowingwhetheryouarecompatiblewithapotentialfriend.7.“Whatdoyouthinkisthebesttelevisionfinaleofalltime?”Thisisagreatconversationstarteraslongasitinterestsyou.Andiftheotherpersonslowlybacksaway,thenyou’vejustsavedyourselfhoursofchatting.8Oftenourfriendshipsfeelsuperficialbecausetheyarebuiltonafoundationofgossip.Thisisbecauseit’shumannaturetofocusonathirdpersonwhenweareanxious.Wesharespicyupdatesaboutformerclassmateswithourhighschoolfriends,orgrabadrinkwithcolleaguesandcomplainabouttheboss.Butafriendshipbuiltongossipcanleavebothpeoplefeelingexhaustedanddepressedaftertheyhangout.Ifafriendstartstogiveyouupdatesonotherpeopleyouknow,itcanbehelpfultosay,“Iwanttohearaboutwhat’sgoingonwithyou.”O(jiān)ryoucanaskyourself,“WhatwouldIshareaboutmyselfifIwerewithmybestfriendrightnow?”9Becuriousaboutwhopeopleare,andwhotheywanttobe10.Theyarealsoabletosharetheirstruggleswithoutfearofjudgment.Agreatwaytodeepenafriendshipistoasksomeone,“Whathasbeenchallengingforyouthelastyear?”O(jiān)r“What’sabeliefyouhavethathaschangedoverthecourseofyourlife?”Thesearequestionswerarelyaskeachother,buttheyrevealsomuchaboutwhoweare,andwhowe’retryingtobe.A．FocusonthegossipB．CutbackonthegossipC．ThenjumptotheheartofthingsD．Ratherthanstickingwithsuperficialchatter,gostraighttowhatexcitesyouE．Truefriendsstrivetoknoweachother’sthinkingaboutdifficultsubjectsF．ButtheprocessofbuildingtheserelationshipscanproveslowandfrustratingG．Askyourselfwhat’sworthsharingaboutyourselfandknowingaboutothersPassage2（2024·河南·二模）Weallknowsomeonewhoseemsunabletocontroltheirspendingormakegoodfinancialdecisions.Whenthatpersonissomeoneyoucareabout,it’sunderstandabletowanttohelpthembettermanagetheirmoney.11Ifyoufeelalittleoutofyourdepth,let’stakealookatsomewaystohelpoutalovedonewhoisn’tgreatwiththeirmoney,withoutmakinganyoneuncomfortable.Listenwithoutjudgment.12Ratherthancomingatsomeonewithcriticismorlecturing,tryhavinganopenconversationtobetterunderstandtheirunderlyingfeelingsandperceptionsaboutmoneysoyoucandeterminethebestwaystohelp.Helpthemsetfinancialgoals.Askhowtheywouldliketheirfinancialsituationtobedifferentinanidealworld.13Writethesedownanddeterminewhatinitialstepstheycantaketostartworkingtowardsthesegoals.Offertoperiodicallyreviewprogresswithoutjudgment.Rememberthatyou’renottheirfinancialadvisor,butanaccountabilitybuddy.14Providetoolsthathelpbuildfinancialliteracyattheirownpace.Thereareplentyoftrustyappsthatcangiveyourfinancesaboost.Otherresourcescouldincludebooks,articles,budgetingapps,onlinecourses,orevenofferingtomeetwithafinancialadvisortogethertodiscussdevelopingbettermoneymanagementhabits.Themostconstructivethingyoucandoishelpthepersonbuilddisciplineandskillsslowlythroughsympatheticsupport.Atthesametime，protectyourownpeacebysettingfinancialboundariesforyourself.Avoidcriticismorcontrol,andfocusonboostingconfidencealongtheirjourneytowardsgoodmoneymanagement.15A．Giveencouragement.B．Shareeducationalresources.C．Whyshouldtheytakestepstosetfinancialgoals?D．Whatspecificgoalsandtimeframescanyousettogether?E．However，simplytellingthemtomanagetheirmoneycarefullyisineffective.F．Whenitcomestoanythingmoney-related,toughloveisrarelythewaytogo.G．Withthesehelp，almostanyonecanbecomebetteratmanagingmoneyovertime.Passage3（2024·河南鄭州·三模）Severalyearsago,Iexperienceddailysevereheadachesthatmademewanttobangmyheadagainstabrickwall.Iwasdesperatetofindacure.16Inmyhopelessness,myfathersuggestedacupuncture(針灸),atreatmenthehadexperiencedinHongKong.Ithadsuccessfullyrelievedhislowerbackpainwhenothertreatmentsandmedicineshadfailed.WithlimitedexposuretotraditionalChinesemedicine,Idecidedtogiveacupunctureatry.Withnoparticularexpectations,Ifoundmyselfintheofficeofamiddle-agedwoman,surroundedbyChineseherbalmedicines.Afterexplainingmyissue,sheplaced3fingersonmywristtofeelmyheartbeat.17Soon,shetookouttheneedles,whichmademesomewhatuneasyassuchobjectstypicallymakemeuncomfortable.18Todealwithmyheadaches,thetreatmentbeganonthebackofmyhand,farfrommyhead.Asthedoctorgentlyhandledtheneedles,Igotthefeelingthatsomethingwasflowingthroughoutmyentirebody.Thedoctorthencontinuedtotapandmovemoreneedlesacrossmybody.Theelectricitywasturnedon,andthedoctorlefttheroom.19Aroundthe5-minutemark,thedoctorreturnedandadjustedtheelectricitylevel.Amomentlater,beforeIknewit,sheturnedofftheelectricityandremovedtheneedles,markinganendtothe20-minuteprocess.Shethengavemesomeherbalmedicinetotakefor5days.Ireturnedtothedoctorforatotalof10sessions,andeachtimethesameroutinewasrepeatedandthesameherbalmedicinewasgiven.Thetruebenefitsoftheacupuncturetreatmentbecameclear:Iremainedfreeofheadachesfor2years.20Ifyou’veexperiencedsimilarconditions,Ihighlyrecommendtryingit.A．Atlast,myeffortspaidoff.B．Inowstronglyadvocateacupuncture.C．Iwasthenguidedtoaroomandtoldtoliedown.D．Despitetryingdifferentsolutions,nothingworked.E．Myinitialexperiencewithacupuncturewasquitesurprising.F．Thoughitmayseemscary,theacupuncturecuredmybackpain.G．Lyingstill,Icouldsensetheelectricityflowingthroughoutmybody.Passage4（2024·江西·二模）Weoftenseethatsomeofourfriendsalwaysappearrelaxed.21Thisisbecausetheyarebetterorganizedthanus.Ifwewanttoleadawell-organizedlife,somehabitshavetobecultivatedpurposefully.AplaceforeverythingandeverythinginitsplaceWhenwearelazyorinahurry,wekeepourthingsinthewrongplace.22Toleadanorganizedlife,weshouldmakesuretoputthingsbackintheirproperplace.AvoidmultitaskingWhenwearetryingtodomorethanonethingatatime,wecannotconcentrateonourworkproperly,resultinginpoorperformance.23Forexample,whiledoingourhomework,ifwekeepourmobilephonewithinourreachandkeeponreplyingtofriends’messages,ourqualityofworkwillsuffer.PlanaheadPlanningaheadisanimportantcharacteristicofanorganizedpersonality.Butweshouldberealisticinourplans.24

Practically,planningourdaily,weeklyandevenmonthlygoalsandtryingourbesttoachievethemwillmakelifemoreorganizedandtasksmoremanageableforus.ValueyourtimeAnotherkeytoleadingawell-organizedlifeistomanageyourtimeinthemostfruitfulway.Givingintotemptationusuallyresultsinwastedhourswhichweregretlateron.ThefamouscolumnistHarveyMacKaysaid,”Timeisfree,butit’spriceless.25“A．Thenwehavetowastelotsofprecioustimeandenergysearchingforthem.B．Theyarenotnervousduringexaminationsandseemtoenjoylifebetterthanus.C．Onceyou’velostit,youcannevergetitback.D．Thefewerthingswehave,theeasieritwillbetomanagethem.E．Theyfollowsomeruleswhichleadtoamoresuccessfullife.F．Therearetimeswhenwefindabigpartofwhatweaimedtodoisleftundone.G．Weshouldbeclearaboutwhathastobedoneandwhatisjustwastingtime.Passage5（2024·河南·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）WeoftenhearverybadstatisticsaboutthedestructionoftheAmazon.26OneAmazonianIndiantribe(部落)everyyearhasdisappearedsince1900.Unlesssomethingisdonetopreventit,theAmazonwillbetotallydestroyedinfiftyyears’time.27Althoughitisbeingdestroyedbybigfarmersandlogging(伐木)companies,thebiggestcauseofitsdestructionisthecuttingdownoftreesbythousandsofsmall-scalefarmers.28Theycutdowntreesoftherainforesttogrowcropstomakemoney.ThesoiloftheAmazonisperfectforplantsaslongastherearetrees.ItisthetreesthatrecyclethenutrientsthatmaketheAmazonsuitableforgrowingfood.Whenthefarmerscutdownthetrees,thesoilcanonlysupportcropsforoneortwoyears.29Loggingisthesecondbiggestcauseofthedestructionoftherainforest.Alotofthetreesaretakenforfirewood,charcoal,orformakingfurniture.Notonlyarethesetreesdestroyed,butthetreesaroundthemarealsodestroyedtomakewayfortheroadsandtracksneededtotakethewoodaway.Largeareasofforesthavealsobeencutdowntofreelandforcattlefarming.30Andtheranchers(牧場(chǎng)主)moveon.Moretreeswillbesuretodisappearbecauseoftheircattle.MostoftherainforestlieswithinBrazil.Fortunately,itisbeginningtobringmorelawstoprotectitsrainforest.A．Againthelandcannotsupportthemforlong.B．Sotheyhavetomoveon,andcutdownmoretrees.C．Theprobleminvolvesorganizationsandgovernments.D．Thetreesareoftenconsideredimportanttobigfarmers.E．Povertyforcespeopletoleavethecitiesandlookforland.F．Anareaofrainforest,thesizeofBelgium,iscutdownannually.G．Thetruekeyfactorscausingdamagetotherainforestisnotasyouimagine.Passage6（2024·四川德陽·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）HowtomakeavisionboardWeallhavehopesanddreams,andeachpersontriestoachievethemintheirownway.Somemaystartjournaling,whileothershavedifferentmethods.Thiscouldincludecreatingavisionboard.Hereiswhatyouneedtoknowaboutvisionboardsandhowtomakeyourown.Avisionboardisacollectionofimagesandquotesthatsymbolizesomeone’sdreams,aspirationsandideals.Thiscouldincludealandscapeofthecityyouwanttoliveinorthemodelofanewcaryoureallywanttobuy.31Avisionboardcansuittoaspecificgoal,suchasgettingadreamjob,ortheycanoverviewaseriesofthingsyou’reaimingfor,includinghavinggoodfinancesandahealthyrelationship.Visionboardscanbemadeinmanyways.Thereisnorightorwrongchoicetostartvisualizingyourgoals.32ItcouldbetheEuropeansummertripyou’vealwaysdreamedoforitmaybetakingcontrolofyourlife’ssituation.Youmayalsochoosetosetatimelineforyourselftofurthervisualizeyourambitions.33Visionboardscanbedonedigitallyorphysically.Foradigitalvisionboard,youcancreateitonPowerPoint,GoogleSlidesorwebsites.Onablanktemplate(模版),begintoaddphotos,quotesandwordsthatwillinspireyoutoreachyourgoal.Forexample,ifyouwanttotravelmore,findimagesofthelocations.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourself-confidence,includeencouragingquotes.Thesameadvicegoesifyou’remakingaphysicalvisionboard.Forthis,youwanttogetaposter,pictureframeoranykindofbase.Similartotheother,youwanttosetagoalandgathermaterials.Inthiscase,you’llneedtoprintoutimagesandquotesfirst.Youmayalsochoosetowritewordsofaffirmationorincludeyourownphotos.34Nomatterwhatformatyouuse,besuretoputyourvisionboardsomewhereyoucanseeit,suchasonyourdeskorasyourphonebackground.35Itisimportanttorememberwhilevisionboardsarefun,donotholdyourselftoanunrealisticstandardofsuccess.Whenyoudohavetriumphs,theymaynotlookexactlyhowyouplannedthem.A．Thebestplacetostart,however,istosetyourambitions.B．Thenmakeyourpicturebygluingortapingthematerialsonthebase.C．Visionboardsareonlyforachievingshort-termgoals,notlong-termambitions.D．Onceyounarrowdownwhatyouwanttoachieve,it’stimetopickyourformat.E．Creatingavisionboardrequiresexpensivematerialsandprofessionalassistance.F．Thesephotosandwordsaremeanttoinspireandmotivateyoutoachievethesegoals.G．Themoreyouseeyourvisualizedgoals,themorelikelyyoumaybetoworktowardthem.Passage7（2024·廣東梅州·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）OneofPulitzerPrize-winningjournalistsCharlesDuhiggpublishedanewbook,inwhichheconcludedcommoncharacteristicsof“supercommunicators”—peoplewhoareconsistentlyabletocreateauthenticconnectionswithothersjustbylisteningandtalking.6HereisasetofskillsrecommendedbyDuhiggthatcanhelpyou.7Ifyouarehavingapracticalconversation,bereadytogivegoodadvice.Ifyouareengaginginemotionaldiscussionsseekingempathy,youmayshowyoursupportbybeingagoodlistener.Ifyou’reinasocialdialoguereflectinghowweseeothersandhowotherpeopleseeus,bemindfulofthedifferentperspectiveseachpersonbringstothetableandseekcommonground.Provewe’relistening.Thereareplentyofwaystoappearlikeyou’relistening,likemakingeyecontactornoddingintently.Butprovingtosomeonethatyou’relisteningisthequickestroadtomakingsomeonefeelheard.8Next,repeatbackinyourownwor