考點(diǎn)03根據(jù)首字母提示填空-2022年中考英語學(xué)及題型分類突破練

考點(diǎn)03根據(jù)首字母提示填空一、、綜合填空(共10空，計(jì)10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。Anoldladywentintothebuildingofabankoneday,carryingalargebagofmoney.Sheaskedtospeakwiththepresidentofthebank.“HowcanIhelpyou?”thebankpresidentasked.Shereplied,“Iwouldliketoopenasavingsaccount（存款賬戶）,”andplacedthebagofm 1 onhisdesk.Thepresidentwassurprisedtoseethis,soheaskedher,“Madam,howdidyoumakethismoney?”Theoldladyr2.“Imakebets（賭注）.”Surprised,thepresidentthenasked,“Whatkindofbets?”Theoldwomansaid,“Well,forexample,I’llbetyou5,000,000yuanthatyourtonguewillbeesquareby10o’clocktomorrowmorning.”“What?”thepresidentasked.Hethensmiledandsaid,“You’vegotyourselfabet!”andshookherhandh3.Theoldladysaid,“Okay.MayIbringmylawyerwithmetomorrowa4awitness（見證者）?”“Sure!”thepresidentconfidentlyanswered.Thenextmorning,at10，theoldladyshowedu5withherlawyeratthepresident’soffice.Sheaskedthepresidenttoo6hismouthsotheycouldallsee.Theoldladylookedcloselyathistongueandthenaskedi7shecouldtouchit.“Well,5,000,000yuanisalotofmoney.Iguessit’sOK.”thepresidentsaid.Atthismoment,hesawthatthelawyerwashittinghisheada8thewall.Thepresidentasked,“Whatisthem9withyourlawyer?”Theoldladyanswered,“Ibethim10,000,000yuanthatIwouldt10thetongueofthepresidentofthisbankat10a.m.today.”體裁記敘文話題幽默故事詞數(shù)295主旨大意：本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了一個(gè)機(jī)智的老太太與銀行家及自己的律師打賭的故事。1.money考查名詞。根據(jù)第一段中“…carryingalargebagofmoney”可知指的是那一袋子錢。2.replied考查動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合后面的句子可知應(yīng)該是“回答”。 3.happily考查副詞。happily修飾前面出現(xiàn)的“shookherhand”作狀語。4.as考查介詞。此處as意為“作為”。 5.up考查動(dòng)詞短語。showup意為“出現(xiàn)；露面”。6.open考查動(dòng)詞。只有張開嘴才能看見舌頭，故用open。 7.if考查連詞。if意為“是否”，結(jié)合前面動(dòng)詞asked可知。 8.against考查介詞。hit…against意為“向……撞去”。 9.matter考查固定搭配。What’sthematterwith…?意為“……怎么啦？”。10.touch考查動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合前一段最后一句中的“…shecouldtouchit.”可知。二、短文綜合填空（共5小題，計(jì)5分）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在短文空白處填上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順，語法正確。Althoughtheworldishungry,itiseventhirstier.Whilenearly3/4oftheearthisc1withwater,weareshortofdrinkingwater.Thisisbecauseabout97%ofthewaterontheearthisseawater.Howcanwea2aseriouswatershortage?First,weshouldsavewaterandnotwasteit.Then,weshouldprotectourwaterresourcesandnotpollutethem.Lastly,weshoulddiscoverwaystoreusewater.Scientistshavegotsomeachievementsinthisfield.Butpeople’sneedforwaterisincreasingdaybyday.Wes3don’thaveenoughwater.Whatelsecanwedo?Theseaseemstohavethebestanswer.Thereisp4ofwaterinthesea.Butweneedtotakethesaltawayfromtheseawater.Thisisveryexpensive.Ifscientistscanfindc5waystodoit,wecansolvetheproblemoftheshortageofwater.題材記敘文話題自然與環(huán)境詞數(shù)159【主旨大意】近3/4的地球被水覆蓋著,可我們?nèi)狈︼嬘盟?。我們怎樣才能避免?yán)重缺水呢?首先,我們應(yīng)該節(jié)約用水,不要浪費(fèi)它。然后,我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)我們的水資源,不污染。最后,我們應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)再利用水的方法。1 covered考查固定詞組becoveredwith被……覆蓋。句意：近3/4的地球被水覆蓋著,可我們?nèi)狈︼嬘盟? avoid考查謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)First,weshouldsavewaterandnotwasteit.Then,weshouldprotectourwaterresourcesandnotpollutethem.Lastly,weshoulddiscoverwaystoreusewater.首先,我們應(yīng)該節(jié)約用水,不要浪費(fèi)它。然后,我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)我們的水資源,不污染。最后,我們應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)再利用水的方法。由此可以看出是講我們怎樣才能避免缺水的情況。故填avoid.句意：我們怎樣才能避免嚴(yán)重缺水呢?3 still考查副詞。根據(jù)該句Butpeople’sneedforwaterisincreasingdaybyday.但人們對(duì)水的需求正在增加。說明我們現(xiàn)在仍然沒有足夠的水資源。4 plenty考查固定詞組。根據(jù)該句Theseaseemstohavethebestanswer.（大海似乎有最好的答案。）可知海洋里有豐富的水資源。因此填plenty.5 cheaper考查形容詞的用法。根據(jù)該句Thisisveryexpensive.可知，科學(xué)家們希望能找到更便宜的一些辦法，故填cheaper.句意：如果科學(xué)家能找到更便宜的方法,我們就可以解決缺水的問題。三、、短文綜合填空（本大題共10個(gè)空，每空1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在短文空白處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文內(nèi)容完整，通順，并將所填單詞填寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)的題號(hào)后。Twoweeksago,onahotsummerafternoon,IwasabouttocrossalittlebusyroadwhenInoticedanoldgrandpawithaheavybagonhisbackjustafewmetersfromme.Hewalkedpainfullyanditlookedasifhislegshadnostrengthtoevenc_________(1)him.Afewminuteslater,IrealizedI’dforgottentocrosstheroad.Andhe’dseenmelookingathim.Ilovedmygrandparentsverymuch.ThatwaswhyIdidn’tf___________（2）tosmileattheoldpeoplewheneverIsawthem.NowImetthisgrandpa.Ididn’twanttom______________(3)thechance,either.Hemovedslowlytomeandhandedmeanote.Therewasanaddresswrittenonit.Asitwasalongwayandanybodywouldpassout（昏倒）insuchweather.Ididn’twanthimtowalkalltheway.SoIshowedhimthed____________(4)andsaidhewouldneedataxi.Hearingthis,heshookhisagainandagainandthatmademefeelalittled___________(5).ThenIaskedwherehecamefrom,herepliedw___________(6)thathewasfromthecountrysideabout10kilometersfromhereandcametovisitarelative.Iwasshockedbecauseheneverlookedasifhecouldtakeeventwostepswithoutf______________(7).SowithoutasecondthoughtIcalledataxiforhim.Thegrandpawasn’tr________________(8)fortheride,forhehadnomoney.Ipaidforhisj_________________(9)andaskedthedrivertodrophimathisplacesafety.WhenIturnedtolookatthegrandpawhosaidthankstomewithafewdropsofhappytearsonhisface,manyunforgettablem__________________(10)ofmygrandparentsflashedinmymind,makingmefeellikecrying.體裁記敘文話題人際交往詞數(shù)302【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主人公在過馬路時(shí)，遇到了一位步履蹣跚老人，他讓我想起了自己的祖父母。在注視的同時(shí)，知道老大爺在尋親中迷失了方向，我毫不猶豫的幫助老人乘出租車去目的地，在老人的感激淚水中，我對(duì)祖父父母的記憶猶新。1.carry【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。由走路痛苦可知，他的腿好像沒有力氣，由此推測應(yīng)該是不能支撐他。故考查動(dòng)詞carry。2.forget【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。由前句“我非常愛我的爺爺奶奶”可知，作者對(duì)老人很有感情，所以無論何時(shí)看到老人們時(shí)都不忘記向他們微笑。故填forget。3.miss【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。由上句對(duì)老人的態(tài)度可知，現(xiàn)在我遇見這個(gè)老人，我也不想“錯(cuò)過”這次機(jī)會(huì)。故填miss。4.direction(s)【解析】考查名詞。老人詢問的是路，所以我指給他的是“方向”。故填direction(s)。5.disappointed/down【解析】考查形容詞。我想幫助老人，由“他不停的搖頭，”可推測，老人的反應(yīng)應(yīng)該“使我感覺有點(diǎn)失望”。故填disappointed/down。6.weakly【解析】考查副詞。由上面的敘述知道，老人身體不好，此時(shí)應(yīng)該是“虛弱無力地”回答，修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞。故填weakly。7.falling【解析】固定結(jié)構(gòu)這次他竟然走了兩步?jīng)]有摔倒，我很震驚！8.ready【解析】由后句“他沒有錢?！笨赏茰y，老人是沒有準(zhǔn)備打車的。固定短語bereadyfor。故填ready。9.journey【解析】考查名詞。支付的應(yīng)該是出租車的“行程”費(fèi)用。故用journey。10.memories【解析】考查名詞。在腦海里出現(xiàn)的應(yīng)該是“記憶”，memory可數(shù)，故用復(fù)數(shù)。C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,使其通順。四、每空格限填一詞,首字母已給)(14分)"Olyvia,loveissimple.Youdon’thavetodomuchtomakesomeonehappy."ThatwaswhatmymothersaidtomewhenIwasachild.Overayearago,Ihadachance.MygoodfriendKayleetoldmeabouthert_____1toasmalltowncalledGary,andhowitwasalifechangingexperience.Imadeupmymindtogotheremyself.WhenItoldmyparentsaboutthedecision,theydidn’ta_____2atfirst.TheysaidIdidn’tknowmuchabouttheplace.Theywereworriedthatitwasnots_____3formetogothere.Thankfully,afterIexplainedmyplantothemindetail,theysaidyes.WhenourgrouparrivedinGary,InoticedhowdifferentthetownwasfromwhereIlived.Therewerefewstoresorrestaurantsinthetown;mosthadclosed.Soyouwouldbeveryl_______4ifyoucouldfindaplacetobuyfoodordrinks.Houseswerebuiltonsmallhills.Manyofthemhadbrokendoorsorwindows.Myjobwastohelpthelocalpeopletor_______5houses.Theworkdayswerelongandhot,butitwasreallygoodtoseethehousestakingonanewlookdaybyday.Thechildrentherewerealsodifferent.Theyseemedtoenjoyeverymomentinlifethoughtheywerepoor.Thesmallestthingswouldmakethesekidshappy.Icouldn’tfindwordstodescribetheirj_____6whentheyreceivedanicecream,aballorevenakiss.Themunitywaslikeabigfamily.Everyonekneweachotherandwastherewhensomeoneneededhelp.IamsogladthatIhadthisunforgettableexperience.Itrulylearnedthem____7ofwhatmymothersaid.Youdon’tneedtodomuchtomakeadifferencetoothers'lives.體裁記敘文話題生活經(jīng)歷詞數(shù)317【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文，主要向我們闡述作者通過一次特別的志愿者活動(dòng)，在幫助他人之后，明白了母親所說的愛的含義。1.trip【解析】固定搭配triptosp.表示到某地的短途旅行。2.agree【解析】通過后文父母不了解這個(gè)地方以及擔(dān)心她可知一開始父母并沒有同意她的決定。3.safe【解析】因?yàn)椴涣私膺@個(gè)地方，根據(jù)常識(shí)父母會(huì)擔(dān)心女的安全。4.lucky【解析】根據(jù)前文的餐廳不多且很多都關(guān)了可知如能找到則是幸運(yùn)的。5.repair【解析】根據(jù)前文很多房子的門窗都?jí)牧丝芍覀兪侨退麄冃薹孔拥摹?.joy【解析】句意為：我找不到任何語言來描述他們收到冰淇淋時(shí)的喜悅。7.meaning【解析】固定搭配learnthemeaningof表示了解....的含義。五、短文填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處寫出適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，單詞首字母已給出?！居械脑~請注意詞形的變化！】(共12個(gè)空，做對(duì)一個(gè)得1分，共12分)Once,therewasalittlegreyplanet.Peoplelivingonithadn’tlookedafteritwell.(1)Atheyhadexcellentinventionsandspaceshipsbeyondourimagination,theymadetheplanet(2)fofrubbishandpollution.Asaresult,therewerenoplantsor(3)aleft. Oneday,alittleboywaswalkingonthe(4)p.Whenhepassedacave(山洞),henoticedasmall(5)finit.Theflowerwassickandalmostdying.Theboy(6)ditoutcarefullywithitsrootandsomesoil.Thenhetriedtofindsomewheretoplantit,buthefailed.Helookedupintheskyandhefoundthe(7)m.Hethoughttheflowermightgrow(8)wonthemoon.Soheclimbedintoaspaceshipwiththeflowerand(9)ftothemoon.Hegrewthefloweronthemoonandtookcareofiteveryday.Soontheflowersspreadalloverthemoonandthemoonwas(10)cwithredflowers. Whenalltheflowerseout,themoonlooks(11)r,likeawarminglight.Ifwedon’tlook(12)aourearthcarefully,thedaywillewhenflowerswillonlybeabletogrowonthemoon.體裁記敘文話題童話故事詞數(shù)216【主旨大意】本文是一篇童話故事。講述了一顆行星上由于垃圾和污染，所有的植物和動(dòng)物都不能在上面生活了，一天一個(gè)男孩發(fā)現(xiàn)了幾乎要死的花，想種它，失敗了，于是就帶到月球上，結(jié)果月球全部被紅花所覆蓋。告訴我們要保護(hù)環(huán)境，愛護(hù)地球。1.Although【解析】although表示“盡管；雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。2.full【解析】fullof充滿著。3.animals【解析】句意：結(jié)果，那里沒有植物和動(dòng)物剩下。4.planet【解析】由冠詞the,知道是再一次提到這個(gè)名詞planet。5.flower【解析】由后面的句子Theflowerwassickandalmostdying.知道填flower。6.dug【解析】這里指挖花樹，dig的過去式dug。7.moon【解析】由后句的Hethoughttheflowermightgrow…onthemoon.故填moon。8.well/wonderfully【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞。9.flew【解析】flytothemoon飛往月球。fly過去式flew。10.covered【解析】becoveredwith被……所覆蓋。11.red【解析】由上段最后一句…withredflowers.知道是紅花。12.after【解析】lookafter照顧。六、根據(jù)短文意思和所給首字母，寫出一個(gè)完整正確的單詞。TheBambooTrain,or“Norry”inthelocallanguage,isquitefamousinCambodia.Thetrainisinfactabigbamboobedwithfourwheelsandasmallengine.Itcanrunatthe(1)s______ofupto50km/honthetracks.Lotsof(2)v___gotoCambodiatoenjoytheBambooTrainride.Theyhavetopay5dollarsperpersonto(3)g____onthetrain.Thebesttimetotakethetrainisfrom4to6o’clockintheafternoon,(4)b______itiscoolwhenpeopleenjoythecountrysideview.“Itfeelsmorelikearollercoaster,butit’sreallynice,”aGermanytouristTheresaKessemeiersaidaftershe(5)c_____aride.TheBambooTrainhasbeeapopulartouristattraction.體裁說明文話題科普詞數(shù)127【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了在柬埔寨的一種竹子做的四輪交通工具。具體介紹了它的時(shí)速、價(jià)格和舒適的乘車時(shí)間。1.speed考查名詞用法。根據(jù)后文upto50km/honthetracks可知，此處講述的是這個(gè)竹子火車的速度，故答案為speed。2.visitors考查名詞用法。句意：一些游客去柬埔寨喜歡乘坐這樣的竹子火車。Lotsof后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案為visitors。3.get考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他們每人要付5元就能上車。固定短語geton意為“上車”，故答案為get。4.because考查連詞的用法。根據(jù)前句Thebesttimetotakethetrainisfrom4to6o’clockintheafternoon可知，后句表述的是原因，故用連詞because。5.pleted考查動(dòng)詞用法。根據(jù)前面德國游客的敘述可知，應(yīng)該是在結(jié)束乘車后說的，故答案為pleted。七、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。DonnaReidhadjustfinishedhertrainingasachildren’sdoctor.AfamousresearchhospitalinNewYorkhadofferedherajobwith(1)g________pay.Andherboyfriend,Tony,hadaclinic(小診所)intheirhometownandhopedshecouldworkwithhim.Atthesametime,asmallhospital,BackwoodsHospital,inaverypoorareahadalsoofferedDonnaajob.Nowitwastimeforhertodecide(2)w_______towork.Dad:Donna,thatresearchhospitalinNewYorkhasagoodreputation(聲譽(yù))forchildren’smedicine.Someofthebestchildren’sdoctorsinthecountryworkthereandyoucan(3)1________alotfromthem.Mom:Yes,Iagreeit’sagoodhospitalandthepayisgood,too.But,that’snotthepoint(要點(diǎn)).Dad:(4)T_________what’sthepoint?Mom:It’sinNewYork,toofaraway!Letmetellyou,dearDonna.Tony’sclinicisjustseveralmilesaway.Youdon’tneedtotravel(5)f________ifyouworkthere.TonyisaniceyoungmanandIguessyou’llgetmarriedsoon.Dad:Ha!It’shardenoughtolivewithahusbandorwife.Workingwiththem,(6)t________?That’sachoicefortrouble.Well,Donna,whatdoyouthink?Donna:I’mthinkingabout(7)a________theofferfromBackwoodsHospital.Dad:ButDonna.lookattheirofferYou’llbeoncall(隨時(shí)待命)sixdaysaweek.That’sreallya(8)h________job.Mom:Oh,Donna,thepayisanotherproblem.Donna:MomandDad,Ididn'tbeeadoctorforenjoyingafortablelife(9)o________.Dad:No?Then(10)w_______didyoubeeadoctor?Donna:Iwanttohelppeople.Youknowthat.AndBackwoodsservesthepoor.Backwoods,hereIe!體裁記敘文話題工作與職業(yè)詞數(shù)333【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Donna完成培訓(xùn)以后，有三個(gè)地方都給他提供了工作的機(jī)會(huì)，：一是好的報(bào)酬的醫(yī)院；二是他男朋友邀請她一起工作；三是Backwoods這家小醫(yī)院邀請她。對(duì)這些不同的工作，Donna的父母從薪酬，距離遠(yuǎn)近以及待遇等方面開展討論，最后，Donna考慮去Backwoods醫(yī)院工作，目的就是為了幫助人。1.good【解析】句意：紐約一家著名的研究醫(yī)院給他提供了有________薪酬的工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需形容詞作定語，根據(jù)首字母提示及下文中媽媽的回答“Iagreeit’sagoodhospitalandthepayisgood.可知good“好的”符合語境。故填brought。2.where【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候決定你在________工作了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需要賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，根據(jù)首字母提示及上文提到了“三個(gè)地方”的工作可知where“哪兒”符合語境。故填where。3.learn【解析】句意：這個(gè)國家里很多最好的兒童醫(yī)生就在那里工作并且你能在他們那里________很多。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)首字母提示及語境可知learn“學(xué)習(xí)”符合語境。故填learn。4.Then【解析】句意：________什么是關(guān)鍵呢？分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需副詞，根據(jù)首字母提示及上文中媽媽的話“that’snotthepoint”可知此處表示，那么，什么是關(guān)鍵呢？所以，then“那么”符合語境。同時(shí)注意，句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Then。5.far【解析】句意：如果你在那里工作，你不必走_(dá)_______。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需副詞，根據(jù)首字母提示及上句“Tony’sclinicisjustseveralmilesaway”.可知far“遠(yuǎn)的”符合語境。故填far。6.too【解析】句意：一起工作，________。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需副詞形式，根據(jù)首字母提示及上文“It’shardenoughtolivewithahusbandorwife.”可知和一丈夫或妻子生活就很難了。還要一起工作？too“也”符合語境。故填too。7.accepting【解析】句意：我在考慮________來自Backwoods醫(yī)院的工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需動(dòng)名詞形式，根據(jù)首字母提示及語境可知accept“接受”符合語境。注意，thinkabout后要用動(dòng)名詞形式。故填accepting。8.hard【解析】句意：那真的是一份________的工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需形容詞作定語，根據(jù)首字母提示及上文“你需要一周六天隨時(shí)待命”可知這是一份和難的工作，hard“艱難的”符合語境。故填hard。9.only【解析】句意：成為一名醫(yī)生我不________享受舒適的生活。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需副詞，根據(jù)首字母提示及下文中“Iwanttohelppeople.”可知Donna想表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)：成為一名醫(yī)生我不僅僅是為了享受生活。only“僅僅”符合語境。故填only。10.why【解析】句意：那么_______你成為一名醫(yī)生？。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處需疑問詞，根據(jù)首字母提示及下文中媽媽的回答“Iwanttohelppeople.”可知why“為什么符合語境。故填why。八、短文填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和首字母提示，把文中所缺詞語補(bǔ)充出來，使短文完整正確（每空限填一詞），并將該單詞的完整形式寫在答題卡相應(yīng)編號(hào)后的橫線上。SaveOurEnvironmentThereinnodoubtthatglobalwarminghasbeeonofthebiggestproblemswefacetoday.Soit’simportantforustoprotectourenvironment.Asmiddleschoolstudents.whatcanwedo?Firstofall,trytotakebicyclesandpublictransportationtoschoolinsteadofcarsb1itwillmakelessCO2(二氧化碳).Itcannotonlybegoodforourhealth,butalsomakeitpossibleforustogetclosert2nature.Then,it’snecessarytop3uprubbishandputitintodustbin(垃圾桶).Plantingmoretreescanalsohelpalot.However,Weshouldneverforgettoturnoffthelightswhenweleavetheclassroom.B4,whynotreusewaterandpapertolivealowcarbonlife?Ithinkit’severyone’sdutytohelpourEarth.Andeventhesimplestactivitiescanmakeareald5toourenvironment.Sodon’tputitoff!Let’sdowhatwecantoprotectourhome.Ibelievewewillmakeourworldmoreandmorebeautiful.體裁議論文話題環(huán)境保護(hù)詞數(shù)188【主旨大意】文章首先列舉了中學(xué)生為環(huán)境保護(hù)可以做哪些力所能及的事情，然后，向社會(huì)發(fā)出倡議：讓我們大家共同努力，保護(hù)我們的家園！1.because后句是前句的原因，故用because。2.togetcloseto為固定搭配，意為“接近”。3.pick根據(jù)后面的putitintodustbin可知此空表示“撿起”。4.Besides前面提到一些建議，此空后面的問句也是一種建議，故此空表示“除……之外（還）”。5.difference保護(hù)地球是我們的責(zé)任，哪怕最微小的一個(gè)行為也會(huì)對(duì)我們的環(huán)境產(chǎn)生不同的變化。九、短文填空(2018·江蘇泰州)Justasafamoussaying(1)g________,“Readingistosuccesswhatwateristofish.”Readingisveryimportantforallhumans.Itcanopenmany(2)d________andcanleadyouintoapathtosuccess.It’squiteclearthateverysuccessfulpersonhasagood(3)h________ofreading.Thisis(4)b________readingisanimportantwaytogettheinformationrequiredtounderstandsomething.Forexample,agooddoctorhastoknowthelatestdevelopmentin(5)m_______byreading.Then,howcanyoudevelopaninterestinreading?Thereisonlyoneway.Letmeexplainthistoyou.Ifyouwanttolearnhowtorideabike,youhavetogetonthebikeasmanytimesaspossible(6)u________youcanrideskillfully(熟練地).Itworksthesamewaywithreading.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourreading,trytoreadas(7)m________asyoucan.Whenyoufinishreadingyourfirstbook,takeanotherbookanddothesame.Ifyouaregoingout,takeamagazine,abook,anarticleorsomething(8)e________toread.Whenyouarereading,trytounderstand(9)w________messagethewriterisgivingtoyou.So,parentsshouldhelptogettheirchildrentoreadasearlyaspossible.Studieshave(10)s________thatreadingtoyourunbornchildisverygood.Inthisway,yourchildwilllikereadinglater.Readingisalwaysawonderfultime.Goodbooksaregoodfriends.體裁議論文話題個(gè)人興趣——愛好詞數(shù)245【主旨大意】本文是議論文。本文第一段介紹了閱讀的重要性、第二段介紹了如何開發(fā)你的閱讀興趣、第三段介紹了家長閱讀對(duì)孩子成長的影響，最后得出結(jié)論：閱讀常常很愉快，好書就是好朋友。1.goes

句意：正如諺語所說。2.doors

句意：它可以開啟許多門，并且可以引導(dǎo)你走向成功的道路。 3.habit句意：很顯然，每個(gè)成功的人都有很好的閱讀習(xí)慣。

4.because

句意：這是因?yàn)殚喿x是獲取理解某些東西所需信息的重要途徑。 5.medicine句意：例如，一位好醫(yī)生必須通過閱讀來了解醫(yī)學(xué)的最新發(fā)展。6.until句意：如果你想學(xué)習(xí)如何騎自行車，你必須盡可能多地騎自行車，直到你可以熟練騎行。7.much句意：如果你想提高你的閱讀能力，盡可能多地閱讀。8.else句意：如果你要外出，拿一本雜志，一本書，一篇文章或其他東西來閱讀。9.what句意：當(dāng)你閱讀時(shí)，試著理解作者給你的信息。10.showed/shown句意：研究表明，讀書給你未出生的孩子聽，對(duì)他很有好處。十、短文填空（共10分，每小題1分）請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示填空，使短文意思完整、連貫。TheGreatPyramidofGizaisoneoftheWondersoftheAncientWorld.Itwasb1morethan4.000yearsagoinEgypt.Itissop2thatmillionsoftouristsfromaroundtheworldetovisititeveryyear.InEgyptthereareover80pyramidsandthe13oneistheGreatPyramid.It14onthewestbankoftheNile.Infact,allthepyramidsalongtheNileareonthewestbank.TheancientEgyptiansparedtherisingofthesuntothebeginningoflifeandthesettingofthesuntotheendoflife.Thatisw5theirdeadbodieswereburied(埋葬）onthewestbankoftheNile.Youcanh_6imaginehowhugetheGreatPyramidis.Ithasover2millionblocks.Someareasheavyasfiveschoolbuses.A7theywereheavy,workerswereabletoputablockintothepyramideverythreeminutes.Theworkers,Egyptianmenandwomenworkedinteams.Theteamshaddifferentt8.Somedugupthestones.Othersmovedthem.Anotherteamcutthestones.Thelastgroupputthestonesintothepyramid.Thereweresomanydifferentteamsbutthepyramidisperfect.Nostoneisinthew9position.ButhowdidtheEgyptiansmovethoseheavystonestothetopw10anymodernmachinery(機(jī)械)?Nooneknowsforsure.ManythingsabouttheGreatPyramidarestillamystery.題材說明文話題歷史與社會(huì)詞數(shù)253【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過對(duì)宏偉壯觀的金字塔描述，提出疑點(diǎn)究竟古埃及人是如何在沒有現(xiàn)代器械的幫助下完成這么大的工程，并指出很多關(guān)于胡夫金字塔的東西都仍然成謎。1.built根據(jù)句意可知指的是金字塔建于4000多年前的埃及，又由結(jié)構(gòu)可知應(yīng)填被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故根據(jù)首字母可知填built。2.popular由首字母及句子的后半段每年成天上百萬游客來參觀它可知，它很受歡迎，故填popular。3.largest由所填詞前的定冠詞及句子的前半句句意埃及有超過80座金字塔可知，最大的是胡夫金字塔，故填largest。4.lies由首字母及句意可知胡夫金字塔位于尼羅河西岸，又主語為第三人稱單數(shù)可知填lies.5.why由上下文可知，古埃及人將太陽西下比作人的生命的結(jié)束，這也是為什么他們將私人葬在尼羅河的西岸，又由所給首字母可知填why。6.hardly由句意你無法想象胡夫金字塔有多大及首字母可知，此處填否定副詞hardly。7.Although由句意：盡管它們很重，工人們還是能夠每三分鐘將一塊石頭搬入金字塔及首字母提示可知，此處應(yīng)填連詞although.8.tasks根據(jù)上下文的描述可知，工人們有不同的分工任務(wù)，又由首字母及修飾詞different可知，此處應(yīng)填tasks。

9.wrong由句意：沒有一塊石頭放錯(cuò)了位置及首字母提示可知，此處填wrong。10.without由句意：埃及人是如何在沒有任何現(xiàn)代機(jī)械的情況下將這些重的石頭搬到塔頂呢及首字母提示可知填without。十一、綜合填空（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。Howdoweknowthetime?Aclock,awatchoracellphonecanhelpus.However,manyyearsagotherewerenoclocksandknowingthetimewasnotsoeasy.Overthecenturies,peoplehavedevelopeddifferentw1oftellingthetime.About5,500yearsago,theEgyptiansi2thesunclock.Thiswasatallstonestructure.Itsshadow(影子)showedthemovementofthes3.Theywereabletodetermine（測定）midday.About3,500yearsago,theEgyptiansmadeasundial.Itwassmallerthanthesunclockandcouldmeasure(測量)thetimeforhalfaday.Onc4daysoratnightitwasimpossibletotellthetimewithasunclockorasundial.Waterclockswerethef5clocksnottousethesun.Theideaissimple.Waterflows（流動(dòng)）fromonecontainer（容器）toanother.Whenthewaterreachesacertainl6,itmovesalever(控制桿)andthisshowsthehours.TheEgyptiansusedwaterclocksabout3,400yearsago.TheseclockswerepopularintheMiddleEastandChinabuttheyf7tokeepaccurate（精確的）time.Inthe13thcentury,themechanicalclockwasinvented.Thiswasmoreaccurate,b8wasexpensivetomake.Overthenextfewcenturiesitwasdeveloped.Forexample,springs(發(fā)條)wereaddedaround1500.Thisi9accuracyandallowedclockstobesmaller.In1927,thefirstquartzclockwasdeveloped.Clocksbecamecheapertobuildandown.Peoplebegandependingonthemmoreandmoretorunbusinesses,marketsandsoon.Morerecently,in1956,camethedigitalclock.Andnowadayssatellites（人造衛(wèi)星）sendourcellphonesthetimetotheexactsecond.Therehasbeenalotofprogressintimekeepingbutsomethingsneverc10.Manofusstillhavetroublegettingoutofbedontimeandnotmissingappointments.體裁說明文話題發(fā)明與技術(shù)詞數(shù)352【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。短文介紹了計(jì)時(shí)工具的發(fā)展歷史：從原始計(jì)時(shí)到機(jī)械計(jì)時(shí)再到數(shù)碼計(jì)時(shí)。1.ways【解析】前文提到”Aclock,awatchoracellphone”,可知這里是在說計(jì)量時(shí)間的“方法、手段”，又因?yàn)榍坝行稳菰~different修飾，可知不止一種，所以要填復(fù)數(shù)ways。2.invented【解析】根據(jù)前文peoplehavedeveloped可知，本文是寫古人發(fā)明的計(jì)時(shí)方法，所以這里填invent“發(fā)明”；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“about5500yearsago”可知要使用一般過去時(shí)，所以填invented。3.sun【解析】根據(jù)文章可知埃及人發(fā)明的thesunclock是計(jì)時(shí)工具，那它的影子記錄的肯定是太陽的運(yùn)動(dòng)，這里填sun。4.cloudy【解析】根據(jù)文章可知，埃及人發(fā)明的sundial和thesunclock都是通過記錄太陽的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡來計(jì)時(shí)的，所以在沒有太陽的陰天和晚上就用不了了，所以應(yīng)該填cloudy。5.first【解析】前面兩段說的計(jì)時(shí)工具都是基于太陽的運(yùn)動(dòng)，缺點(diǎn)是沒有太陽的日子和時(shí)間里就用不了。所以根據(jù)文章發(fā)展，這里寫到了waterclocks是第一種不用太陽而用水來計(jì)時(shí)的，所以應(yīng)該是“首次”，填first。6.level【解析】根據(jù)前文，waterclock的工作原理是水從一個(gè)容器流到另一個(gè)容器，所以隨著時(shí)間推移，水位應(yīng)該是不斷上升的，所以填level，表示當(dāng)水到達(dá)一個(gè)特定的水位時(shí)。7.failed【解析】根據(jù)這幾段的行文邏輯，每次介紹一個(gè)計(jì)時(shí)工具都是先說優(yōu)點(diǎn)再說缺點(diǎn)，waterclock的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是沒有太陽也能用，所以在中東和中國很受歡迎。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知后面該寫缺點(diǎn)了，根據(jù)下一段“機(jī)械鐘更加準(zhǔn)確”可知水鐘的缺點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是不太準(zhǔn)確。所以應(yīng)該是考failtodo不能做什么。又因?yàn)槿亩际且话氵^去時(shí)，所以填failed。8.but【解析】機(jī)械鐘的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是更加準(zhǔn)確，空格后面的分句說的是造價(jià)高，所以是寫缺點(diǎn)，前后出現(xiàn)了語義轉(zhuǎn)折，所以應(yīng)該填but。9.improved【解析】根據(jù)前文“接下來的幾個(gè)世紀(jì)，它被改良了”，所以應(yīng)該是“提升”了精確性，所以填improved。10.change【解析】根據(jù)前一句“在計(jì)時(shí)上已經(jīng)有了很多的進(jìn)步，但是”可知后面應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)語義轉(zhuǎn)折，一些東西變了那另一些東西肯定是從來沒“改變”，而且通過nowadays可知最后一段的時(shí)間已轉(zhuǎn)到了現(xiàn)在，所以應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，填change。十二、閱讀理解填詞（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）先閱讀短文，再在其后空白處寫出各單詞的正確形式，單詞的第一字母已給出。Whenyou’revery,veryafraidofsomething,thatfearcanaffect(影響)youandhowyouliveyourlife.WhenIwasyounger,Isawmycousinf1ontoandants’nest.Theantsattacked(攻擊)him,andhewasc2interriblebites(咬).AfterthatIbecameveryscaredofants.Iwouldn’teatoutside,andIdidn’tevenliketoplayoutside.Ic3mybedforantseverynight.ButwhenIt4thirteen,IdecidedIcouldn’tletmyfeargettome.Ihadtolearntocontrolmyfearofants.FirstIreadalotaboutdifferentants.Ididn’tfocusonbites,butinsteadIreadabouthowhelpfulantsaretothep5.Antsarereallycool!They’rehardworking,social,andorganized.Theyhelpbringa6andnutrients(營養(yǎng))totheearth.Theyhelpplantsgrow,cleanupdecaying(糜爛的)m7,andhelpcontrolotherinsects.NextIbegantow8antsfromasafedistance.IstartedtolookatafamilyofantsinrealtimeontheInternetinordertolearnhowtheylive.Littlebylittle,Ifeltmorec9aboutants.FinallyIwentoutsideonedayandletanantmoveontomyhandandt10itgently.Itwasokay!NowthatIknowaboutallthegoodthingsantsdo,I’mnotsoafraidofthemanymore.題材記敘文話題動(dòng)物詞數(shù)258【主旨大意】本文是記敘文?！拔摇毙r(shí)候曾經(jīng)看見表弟掉到蟻穴上，被螞蟻叮咬的滿身是包，從此對(duì)螞蟻差生恐懼。后來，“我”閱讀了許多關(guān)于螞蟻的資料，了解到螞蟻對(duì)地球的幫助。所以“我”不再害怕螞蟻了。1.fall【解析】由下文“螞蟻攻擊他”可知，“我”的表弟掉在了蟻巢上。fallonto意為“掉在……上”且seesb.dosth.“看見某人做某事”，指看見動(dòng)作的全過程。故填fall。2.covered【解析】由上文“他掉到了蟻巢上，螞蟻攻擊他”可知，他滿身是可怕的咬傷。becoveredin意為“被……填滿”，是固定短語。3.checked【解析】由上文“我害怕螞蟻”可知，我每晚檢查床鋪上是否有螞蟻。check“檢查”且此處使用一般過去時(shí)，故填checked。4.turned【解析】由下文“我必須控制我對(duì)螞蟻的恐懼”可知，當(dāng)“我”13歲的時(shí)候，“我”決定“我”不能夠讓恐懼干擾“我”。“turn

+數(shù)字”一般表示一個(gè)特定的時(shí)間或者年齡。此處是一般過去時(shí)。故填turned。5.planet【解析】由下文“他們給地球帶來營養(yǎng)、幫助植物生長、清除腐爛物、控制其他昆蟲”等可知，螞蟻對(duì)地球（這個(gè)行星）是非常有幫助的。planet“行星”。6.air【解析】由下文“他們幫助植物生長”可知，他們幫助給地球帶來空氣和營養(yǎng)。Air“空氣”，是不可數(shù)名詞。7.matter【解析】句意：他們幫助植物生長，清除腐爛的物質(zhì)，幫助控制其他的昆蟲。matter“物質(zhì)”，是不可數(shù)名詞。8.watch【解析】由下文“為了了解螞蟻如何生活，我開始適時(shí)地在網(wǎng)上看螞蟻家族”可知，我開始密切注意螞蟻。watch意為“觀看，密切注意”。且根據(jù)begintodosth.“開始做某事”可知，此處填watch的原形。9.fortable【解析】由上文“‘我’害怕螞蟻”以及“后來‘我’開始關(guān)注螞蟻”可知，慢慢地，我對(duì)螞蟻的感覺舒服了。fortable“舒服的，舒適的”。10.touched【解析】由上文“‘我’讓螞蟻在手上移動(dòng)”可知，我輕輕地觸摸它。touch意為“觸摸”。且此處是一般過去時(shí)。故填touched。十三、根據(jù)短文意思和首字母提示，寫出一個(gè)完整正確的單詞。EveryyearinearlyOctober,AlbuquerqueInternationalBalloonFestivalis(1)h______inAlbuquerque,thebiggestcityinNewMexico.Becauseofthegreatnumberofballoons,itistheworld’s(2)l______ballooningevent.Formorethan30years,guestsfromallovertheworldetoAlbuquerqueinOctobertocelebrateballooning.In2018，over900,000people(3)a______thisevent.Therewereover500balloonsintheeventwithover1,000pilots.When(4)h______ofcolorfulballoonsflewuphigh,theskyofAlbuquerquebecameamovingcartoon.Itwasfullofcolorsandspecialcharacters.Itwasatimewhen(5)d______cametrueandromancefilledthesky.Grownupsandchildrenwereamazedandjoyfulduringtheballoonfestival.體裁：記敘文話題：10.節(jié)假日活動(dòng)（30）節(jié)日與假日話題：29.社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)詞數(shù)：127【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了阿爾布開克國際氣球節(jié)的慶?；顒?dòng)?！窘馕觥?.held考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：每年十月初，阿爾伯克基國際氣球節(jié)在阿爾伯克基舉行。由于氣球節(jié)是被舉行，故要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，單詞hold“舉行，舉辦”，故答案為held。2.largest考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)前半句“由于氣球數(shù)量眾多”可推測，它是世界上最大的熱氣球比賽項(xiàng)目，故此處答案為largest“最大的”。3.attended考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)over900,000people可知后面需要?jiǎng)釉~作謂語，又In2018時(shí)間狀語為一般過去時(shí)，故答案為attended。4.hundreds考查數(shù)詞。固定短語hundredsof“數(shù)以百計(jì)的”根據(jù)后句中colorfulballoonsflewuphigh“五顏六色的氣球飛得很高”可知，是數(shù)以百計(jì)的氣球，故答案為hundreds。5.dreams考查名詞。根據(jù)后半句“浪漫彌漫在天空”可知，此時(shí)應(yīng)該是一個(gè)夢想成真的時(shí)刻，此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故答案為dreams。十四、請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞Chinesewritingisoneoftheworld’sgreatestwritingsystems.Itismorew___1____inusethanalphabetic(字母的)writingsystems.Morethanhalfoftheworld’sbooksarewritteninChinese,includinghistoricalwritingandnovels,alongwithwritingongovernmentandlaw.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicturebasedl___2____.Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheu____3___ofanimalsbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarved(刻)byancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymboscanstillbeseenint__4____hanzi.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshadbeeawelldevelopedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeoplewered___5_____geographically,leadingtodifferentdialects(方言)andcharacters.This,however,c___6___underEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty.EmperorQinshihuangunited(統(tǒng)一)thesevenmajorstatesintoonecountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Thatwritingsystemwasofgreati___7_____inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillc___8__inwriting.WrittenChinesehasalsobeeanimportantmethodtoc___9___China’spresentwithitspast.Peopleinmoderntimesc