專題14句型轉(zhuǎn)換（四大易錯(cuò)陷阱）-2024年中考英語考試易錯(cuò)題

2024年中考英語滿分沖刺之易錯(cuò)題輕松突破專題14句型轉(zhuǎn)換新題自測新題自測【2023年上海中考二模寶山區(qū)】1.Emilysawherclassmatesoffattherailwaystationlastweekend.(改為否定句)Emily_________________herclassmatesoffattherailwaystationlastweekend.[答案] didn't see [詳解]句意:上周末艾米麗在火車站為她的同學(xué)送行。原句是一般過去時(shí)，且?guī)в袑?shí)義動(dòng)詞,變?yōu)榉穸ň?，需要借助助?dòng)詞didn't,后加動(dòng)詞原形see.故填didn't:see。2.WestemreadersknewlittleaboutJinYong'snovelsmanyyearsago.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_________________didwestemreadersknowaboutJinYong'snovelsmanyyearsago?[答案] How much [詳解]句意:我們這些讀者對(duì)金庸多年前的小說知之甚少。劃線部分是數(shù)量，且是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用howmuch來提問，句首字母需大寫。故填How:much.3.Theschoolwillinvitesomegraduatestohaveacelebrationonits60thbirthday.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Somegraduateswill_________________tohaveacelebrationontheschool's60thbirthday.[答案]beinvited[詳解]句意:學(xué)校將邀請(qǐng)一些畢業(yè)生來慶祝建校60周年。分析句子可知，表示“一些畢業(yè)生將會(huì)被邀請(qǐng)”。結(jié)合will可知，應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):willbe+過去分詞。invite的過去分詞為invited。故填be:invited.“WillyouewithustoShanghaiMuseumtomorrow?"Sallyasked.(改為間接引語)Sallyasked_______I________ewiththemtoShanghaiMuseumthenextday.[答案] if/whether would [詳解]句意:“你明天和我們一起去上海博物館嗎?“薩莉問。分析“Sallyasked.1ewiththemtoShanghaiMuseumthenextday."可知，本句可替換為if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，will改為過去式would。故填if/whether:would.Thepooroldmanpletelyforgotwhenheshouldtakethemedicine.(改為簡單句)Thepooroldmanpletelyforgot_________________takethemedicine.[答案]whento[詳解]句意:這個(gè)可憐的老人完全忘記了什么時(shí)候該吃藥。此處是when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，改為簡單句，可以用“疑問詞(when)+動(dòng)詞不定式”作賓語。故填when:to。6.ThewordsontheblackboardweresosmallthatIcouldn'tseethemclearly.(保持句意基本不變)Thewordsontheblackboardweren't_________________formetoseeclearly.[答案]bigenough[詳解]句意:黑板上的字太小了，我看不清楚。so.that"如此.……以至于”，可以與not...enoughtodo“不足以..…做某事”;small的反義詞為big.故填big:enough。7.gocycling,theheavyrain,decidednotto,Judyandherfriends,becauseof(連詞成句)____________________________________________________________________________________[答案]Judyandherfriendsdecidednottogocyclingbecauseoftheheavyrain[詳解]根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)可知，這是一個(gè)陳述句。Judyandherfriends作主語:decidednotto后加gocycling:becauseof是介詞短語，后加名詞短語theheavyrain。故填Judyandherfriendsdecidednottogocyclingbecauseoftheheavyrain“由于下大雨，朱迪和她的朋友們決定不去騎自行車”。句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換主要涉及以下幾類：（1）將句子改為一般疑問句、否定句和反義疑問句；（2）將主動(dòng)句改為被動(dòng)句；（3）將直接引語改為間接引語；（4）從句和簡單句相互轉(zhuǎn)換；（5）保持句意不變；（6）劃線部分提問；（7）連詞成句。1.題型探究1.題型探究1.肯定句變否定句和否定句

常考的考點(diǎn)：have、do句型2.反義疑問句

?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：帶有否定副詞的句子。3.主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)語態(tài)

?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、以及含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)4.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

常考的考點(diǎn)：這里對(duì)于學(xué)生是難點(diǎn)，主要考考綱的近義短語、?？嫉某踔芯湫?，本次的講解重點(diǎn)。5.

對(duì)劃線部分提問

?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：howlong/soon/far,

howmuch/many的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。6.肯定句改為感嘆句

常考的考點(diǎn)：近年來考的比較少了，how/what的修飾用法。7.

兩句子合并為一句，復(fù)合句變?yōu)楹唵尉?/p>

?？嫉目键c(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)狀語從句，賓語從句的使用。注意改寫句子的細(xì)節(jié)問題。2.解題秘籍2.解題秘籍1.仔細(xì)閱讀整個(gè)句子，看清要求。2．改疑問、否定、反意問句時(shí)看清時(shí)態(tài)，注意動(dòng)詞形式的變化。要注意幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞過去式和原形相同的詞，如：cost,read,set,put,let,fit,cut等。3.改被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子要注意時(shí)態(tài)、be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)以及動(dòng)詞過去分詞的正確拼寫。4.將兩句簡單句合并為一句要考慮連接成分，根據(jù)題干的語法及提供的成分答題。5.保持句意基本不變考察的是同一意思的多種表達(dá)，可從同義、反義詞或詞組和不同句式等方面考慮。6.改賓語從句要注意連接詞和主從句時(shí)態(tài)的一致。1.肯定句改為否定句3.考點(diǎn)講解1.肯定句改為否定句3.考點(diǎn)講解在做此類題時(shí)，通常在系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not(n't)。如果句中沒有這些詞，則根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞的原形、第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式或過去式而分別在其前面加donot(don't),doesnot(doesn't)或didnot(didn't).并將第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式或過去式改為原形。如:Wecanfinishtheworkthisafternoon.>Wecan'tfinishtheworkthisafternoon,Theyputthebasketunderthetreejustnow.→Theydidn'tputthebasketunderthetreejustnow.注意:1.當(dāng)think,believe,suppose等動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語從句時(shí)，通常用否定主句謂語動(dòng)詞來達(dá)到否定從句謂語動(dòng)詞的目的。如:Ithinktheycanetonight.→Idon'tthinktheycanetonight.2.當(dāng)must表示推測，表示“一定:肯定”的含義時(shí)，否定句應(yīng)用can't。如:Hemustbeintheroom.→Hecan'tbeintheroom.2.陳述句改為疑問句2.陳述句改為疑問句陳述句改為疑問句一般有三種情況:一是改為一般疑問句，二是改為反意疑問句。如:1.Thestudentshadlearnedabout1,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.(改為一般疑問句)→Hadthestudentslearnedabout1,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm?2.ThetwinshaveneverbeentotheSummerPalace,havethey?(完成反意疑問句)3.對(duì)劃線部分提問3.對(duì)劃線部分提問對(duì)劃線部分提問，就是用一個(gè)合適的疑問詞去替代句中的某一成分，使之成為一個(gè)特殊疑問句。當(dāng)對(duì)主語或主語的定語提問時(shí)，用陳述句語序。對(duì)定語提問時(shí)，所修飾的名詞應(yīng)放在疑問詞后。1.“疑問詞+一般疑問句語序”1.Tomwillbebackintendays.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)→Whowillbebackintendays?2.Hewritestohisfatheronceamonth.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)→Howoftendoeshewritetohisfather?2.利用從句改寫即運(yùn)用關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞或從屬連詞改寫。如:1.Themanistalkingwithalady.Hegaveusatalklastweek.Theman_______gaveusatalklastweek_________________withalady.[答案]who/that;istalking。定語從句who/thatgaveusatalklastweek修飾先行詞theman。2.Hedidn'twanttomissthefirstbus,sohegotupearly.Hegotupearly_________________hecouldcatchthefirstbus.【答案]sothat。目的狀語從句sothathecouldcatchthefirstbus說明動(dòng)詞gotupearly的目的。3.“Didyousleepwelllastnight?"Davidaskedher.Davidaskedher___________________________welllastnight.[答案]if/whethersheslept。直接引語轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語時(shí)，如果直接引語是一般疑問句時(shí)，連接詞要用if或whether，句子保持陳述句的語序。3.利用sodoI改寫“so十動(dòng)詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示肯定，譯為“某人(物)也如此”?！皀either/nor+動(dòng)詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)表示否定，譯為“某人(物)也不……”。這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)指前一句所說的情況同樣也適合另一個(gè)人或物。轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)應(yīng)注意四點(diǎn):1.)動(dòng)詞指助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞;2.)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上與前句呼應(yīng);3.)動(dòng)詞在數(shù)上要與本句主語保持一致;4.)表示否定時(shí)，neither/nor本身具有否定意義，動(dòng)詞要用肯定形式。1.Jimwantstogoboatingandhisparentswanttogoboating,too.Jimwantstogoboating,and____________________hisparents.【答案]sodo。主語是復(fù)數(shù)hisparents,時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞do。2.Ilikeplayingtennis.Helikesplayingtennis,too.Ilikeplayingtennis,____________________he.[答案]sodoes。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞用does。4.利用連詞改寫運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞(組)both...and,neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso,aswellas等，可將并列句或兩個(gè)句子合并為一個(gè)簡單句，注意neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循就近原則。Lucycan'tsingtheEnglishsongYesterdayOnceMore.AndLilycan'tsingit,either.________Lucy_________LilycansingtheEnglishsongYesterdayOnceMore.[答案]Neither;nor。neither...nor表示“(兩者)都不”。Alicehasseenthefilmtwice.Sandyhasseenittwice,too._________Alice_________Sandyhaveseenthefilmtwice.【答案]Both;and。both...and表示“(兩者)都”。3.Thisstoresellsmen'sshoes,anditalsosellsmen'sclothes.Thisstoresells__________________men'sshoes__________________men'sclothes.[答案]notonly;butalso。notonly...butalso示“不僅……而且”之意。5.利用介詞短語改寫1.Wehavefriendsinthewholeworld.Ourfriendsare__________________theworld.【答案]allover。固定詞組allover表示“遍及”之意。2.It'salongtimesincewemetlast.Wehaven'tseeneachother___________________[答案]forlong。forlong意為“很長一段時(shí)間”。3.Hewalkstoschooleveryday.Hegoestoschool_____________________everyday.[答案]onfoot。固定詞組onfoot意為“步行”。4.Tomhadnotimeforbreakfast.Hewenttoschoolinahurry.Tom________toschool________breakfast.[答案]went;without。介詞without有“沒有，不(帶)”之意。6.利用不定式改寫1.TheforeignerswanttoknowhowtheycanlearnChineseKongfuwell.Theforeignerswanttoknow__________________learnChineseKongfuwell[答案]howto。不定式與特殊疑問詞what,when,where,how,which,whether連用構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等。Shewassoweakthatshecouldn'ttakecareofherbaby.Shewas_______weak_______takecareofherbaby.【答案]too;to。原句意思是:她身體太弱，不能照顧孩子。too.….to…句型表示“太……以致于(不能)…”之意。4.Hewassohappythathecouldn'tsayawordwhenhewastoldthenews.Hewas________happy_______sayawordwhenhewastoldthenews.[答案]too;to。too...to..表示“太……而不能……”之意。5.Theiceonthelakewassothinthatpeoplecouldn'tskateonit.Theiceonthelakewasnot________enough_________people______________________it.【答案]thick;for;toskateon。形容詞或副詞+enough+todosth,意為“足夠……以致于能夠……”，用來替換“so...that+結(jié)果狀語從句”。7.利用時(shí)態(tài)改寫中考同義句改寫中涉及的時(shí)態(tài)間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換主要是針對(duì)一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)間的轉(zhuǎn)換而言的，應(yīng)特別注意非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法。如:Thefilmbegan20minutesago.Thefilmhasbeen__________________20minutes.[答案]onfor。短暫動(dòng)詞begin，在此意為“(電影)開始(放映、上演)”，不能與延續(xù)時(shí)間狀語連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，將begin改成beup。hasbeen提示時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，“for+時(shí)間段”表示“持續(xù)(一段時(shí)間)”，常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子里。摘自中考英語網(wǎng)2.Sam’sgrandfatherdied10yearsago.Sam'sgrandfatherhasbeen__________________10years.[答案】deadfor。短暫動(dòng)詞die，意為“死亡”，不能與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，將短暫動(dòng)詞die改為bedead。3.MygrandpajoinedthePartythirtyyearsago.Mygrandpa__________________thePartyforthirtyyears.【答案]hasbeenin。短暫動(dòng)詞join，意為“加入(組織，政黨)”，不能與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，將join改成bein或beamemberin...。"4.Igotuphalfanhourago.I__________________upforhalfanhour.[答案]havebeen。短暫動(dòng)詞getup，意為“起床”，不能與延續(xù)時(shí)間狀語連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，將getup改成beup。8.利用語態(tài)改寫通過改變主語，主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)之間可進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，特別要注意時(shí)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。如:1.PeoplegrowriceinthesouthofChina.Rice__________________inthesouthofChina.[答案]isgrown。rice作主語，助動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的單數(shù)形式is。Everyoneshouldgivebackhislibrarybooksontime.Librarybooksshould_____________________________time.[答案]begivenback。被動(dòng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should，因此助動(dòng)詞用be。Itiswidelyacceptedthatmorepeopleuseputersintheworldtoday.puters_______widely________intheworldtoday.[答案]are;used。puters是復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，助動(dòng)詞用are，且句子用被動(dòng)。4.Wemustkeepthenoiselevelunder50dbs(分貝).Thenoiselevelmust__________________under50dbs.[答案]bekept。被動(dòng)句中含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must，因此助動(dòng)詞用be。5.Dotheygrowriceinautumn?__________rice_________inautumn?【答案]Is,grown。不可數(shù)名詞rice作主語,助動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is，一般疑問句的助動(dòng)詞置于句首。9.利用反義詞改寫用反義詞或詞組加上否定詞表達(dá)與原句相同的意思，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)反義詞、詞組的積累和換位思維的能力。如:1.TheboylentastorybooktoTomjustnow.Tom__________astorybook_______theboyjustnow.[答案]borrowed;from。borrow...from意為“從……借來”;而lend...to意為“向……借出”，兩個(gè)詞組正好為一組反義詞組，當(dāng)句子的主語變化時(shí)，兩個(gè)詞組可以進(jìn)行互換。Thefactoryisnotfarfromhere.Itonlytakesyoutenminutesbybike.Thefactoryis________here.It'sonlytenminutes’___________[答案]near;bikeride。notfar的意思是“不遠(yuǎn)，近”，可用形容詞near與之轉(zhuǎn)換。10.利用同義詞改寫用同義詞或同義詞組對(duì)原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換，注意替換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如:Theycouldseeicebergshereandthere.Theycouldseeicebergs_________[答案]everywhere。everywhere與hereandthere都有“到處”之意。2.MrsGreenalwaystakesgoodcareofthechildrenintheschool.MrsGreenalways___________________thechildrenwellintheschool.[答案]looksafter。takegoodcareof與lookafter...well都有“好好照顧”之意。3.LinTaoisgoodatphysics.LinTao_____________________inphysics.[答案]doeswell。begoodat與dowellin都有“在……(方面)做得好，擅長于……”之意。動(dòng)詞過去式的不規(guī)則變化Thisnewpairofsportsshoescosthimabouttwohundredyuan.（改為一般疑問句）（2021徐匯二模）_______thisnewpairofsportsshoes_______himabouttwohundredyuan?思考：這道題原句中的動(dòng)詞是cost，它的過去式和過去分詞形式都是cost。由于原句主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，而cost并沒有加上s，故可以判斷原句中的cost應(yīng)該是過去式形式。因此，這道題的答案應(yīng)該是：Did…cost。大家可以思考一下，還有哪些動(dòng)詞的過去式、過去分詞形式和動(dòng)詞原型形式是一樣的？原句中有neverIhaveneverthoughtofstayinginafloatinghotel.（改為一般疑問句）（2021楊浦二模）_________you_________thoughtofstayinginafloatinghotel?思考：這道題的原句中有否定詞never，這個(gè)詞在句子改為一般疑問句時(shí)，要將其改為ever。所以這道題的答案是have…ever。原句中有表示否定含義的詞，添加反義疑問句時(shí)要用肯定形式Hehashardlytouchedtheballinthegame，__________?（反義疑問句）（2021靜安二模）思考：這道題原句有表示否定含義的hardly（幾乎不），因此對(duì)應(yīng)的反義疑問句要用肯定形式。這道題的答案是has…h(huán)e。大家可以思考一下，還有哪些表示否定含義的詞？注意判斷’s是is還是hasHe’stakeneverythingwithhim,__________?（反義疑問句）（2021靜安一模）思考：這道題原句有’s，根據(jù)其后用的是過去分詞taken，且句子是主動(dòng)句，可以判斷出這個(gè)’s是has的縮略形式，因此這道題的答案是hasn’the。對(duì)這一類知識(shí)點(diǎn)還不夠熟悉的同學(xué)，可以進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)視頻資源第6講，更加系統(tǒng)地掌握解題思路和方法。【2023年上海中考真題】1.Framesizesarevariedtomakethestripmoreinteresting.(改為反意疑問句)Framesizesarevariedtomakethestripmoreinteresting,?【答案】aren'tthey【詳解】句意：框架的大小是不同的，以使條帶更有趣，不是嗎?根據(jù)反義疑問句的原則“前肯后否，前否后肯”，再結(jié)合前半句，可知填空處要用否定，同時(shí)framesizes要用代詞they代替。故填aren't;they。2.He’sheardaboutthestoryaboutChinesewomen’svolleyballteam.(改為一般疑問句)heaboutthestoryaboutChinesewomen'svolleyballteam?【答案】Hasheard【詳解】句意：他聽說了一個(gè)關(guān)于中國女子排球隊(duì)的故事。原句’s是has的縮寫，代表現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，變疑問句直接用has,后跟動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞heard。故填Has;heard。3.Thedetectivesucceededinfindingthecriminalwithinaweek.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)didthedetectivesucceedinwithinaweek?【答案】Whatdoing【詳解】句意：偵探在一周內(nèi)就成功地找到了那個(gè)罪犯。題目要求對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問，劃線部分為“findingthecriminal”,對(duì)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行提問應(yīng)用“dowhat”,且位于介詞in,所以do要變成doing。故填What;doing。4.“Canabuildingchangeitsshape?”Haveyoueverwondered?(改為賓語從句)Haveyoueverwonderedabuildingchangeitsshape?【答案】whether/ifcan【詳解】句意:你有想過一個(gè)建筑能改變它的形狀嗎?此處直接引語“Canabuildingchangeitsshape?”是一般疑問句，變?yōu)橘e語從句，用whether/if引導(dǎo)，主句的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不需要改變,故填whether/if;can。5.Theheadmasterwasconsideringwhereheshouldspeakontheschoolopenday.(改為簡單句)Theheadmasterwasconsideringspeakontheschoolopenday.【答案】whereto【詳解】句意：校長正在考慮在學(xué)校開學(xué)當(dāng)天應(yīng)該在哪里發(fā)言。原句是賓語從句，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞+不定式”的簡單句結(jié)構(gòu)，原句引導(dǎo)詞是where，改寫后的疑問詞也用where，且轉(zhuǎn)換句空格后是動(dòng)詞原形。故填where;to。Jackheldtheviewthatthesalesofelectriccarswillbebiggernextyear.(保持句意基本不變)In,thesalesofelectriccarswillbebiggernextyear.【答案】hisopinion【詳解】句意:杰克認(rèn)為,明年電動(dòng)汽車的銷量將會(huì)更大。somebodyholdtheview可以和inone’sopinion互換。故填his;opinion。7.scientists,toknowabout,recorded,theanimals’heightsandweights,theirhealth(連詞成句)【答案】Scientistsrecordedtheanimals’heightsandweightstoknowabouttheirhealth【詳解】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)“.”可知,句子為陳述句。scientists作主語,recorded為謂語,theanimals’heightsandweights為賓語,toknowabouttheirhealth作狀語。句子為一般過去時(shí),且scientists位于句首首字母應(yīng)大寫。故答案為Scientistsrecordedtheanimals’heightsandweightstoknowabouttheirhealth，“科學(xué)家們記錄了這些動(dòng)物的身高和體重，以了解它們的健康狀況。”【2022年上海中考真題】1.Thenewrobotshelppassengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport.(改為一般疑問句)thenewrobotspassengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport?【答案】Dohelp【詳解】句意：這些新機(jī)器人在機(jī)場幫助乘客搬運(yùn)行李。原句是含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞help的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，變疑問句需借助于助動(dòng)詞do,后跟動(dòng)詞原形help。故填Do;help。2.Itisabout20kilometresfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_____________________isitfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark?【答案】Howfar【詳解】句意：從我們學(xué)校到國家森林公園的距離大約是20公里。題目要求對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問，劃線部分為“20kilometres”,對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問應(yīng)用“howfar”,且位于句首how首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填How;far。3.Theresearchgroupdiscoveredanewkindofinsectlastweek.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Anewkindofinsectbytheresearchgrouplastweek.【答案】wasdiscovered【詳解】句意：該研究小組上周發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的昆蟲。原句是一般過去時(shí)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語中心詞是“kind”,be動(dòng)詞用was。故填was;discovered。4.Thechildrenarediscussingwhattheyaregoingtodothisweekend.(改為簡單句)Thechildrenarediscussingdothisweekend.【答案】whatto【詳解】句意：孩子們正在討論他們這個(gè)周末要做什么。原句是賓語從句，此處可以用“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu),what是疑問詞,故填what;to。5.Afterhearingthenews,Tomwassoexcitedthathecouldn'tfallasleep.(保持句意基本不變)Afterhearingthenews.Tomwasexcitedfallasleep.【答案】tooto【詳解】句意：聽到這個(gè)消息后，湯姆激動(dòng)得無法入睡。so…that“如此……以致于”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，可以和too...to“太……以致于不能”互換。故填too;to。6.“WhenwillwegototheVRexperiencecenter?”Iaskedthetourguide.(改為間接引語)IaskedthetourguidewegototheVRexperiencecentre.【答案】whenwould【詳解】句意：“我們什么時(shí)候去VR體驗(yàn)中心?”我問導(dǎo)游。改為間接引語，可用when引導(dǎo)賓語從句,從句使用陳述語序,遵循“主過從必過”原則。根據(jù)“WhenwillwegototheVRexperiencecenter?”可知,去VR體驗(yàn)中心發(fā)生在將來,結(jié)合“asked”可知,主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),從句應(yīng)為過去將來時(shí),即would+動(dòng)詞原形。故填when;would。7.thetask,promisedto,finish,assoonaspossible,theengineer(連詞成句)【答案】Theengineerpromisedtofinishthetaskassoonaspossible【詳解】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)“.”可知,句子為陳述句。theengineer作主語,promisedtofinish為謂語,thetask為賓語,assoonaspossible作狀語。句子為一般過去時(shí),且the位于句首首字母應(yīng)大寫。故答案為Theengineerpromisedtofinishthetaskassoonaspossible“工程師答應(yīng)盡快完成任務(wù)”?！?021年上海中考真題】1.Mydeskmateborrowedsomebooksfromthelibraryatnoon.(改為否定句)Mydeskmate________somebooksfromthelibraryatnoon.【答案】didn’tborrow【詳解】句意：我的同桌中午從圖書館借了一些書。由“borrowed”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)的否定句結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語+didn't+動(dòng)詞原形。故填didn't;borrow。2.Thegovernmenthasspent10millionyuanimprovingthewaterquality.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)__________________________hasthegovernmentspentimprovingthewaterquality?【答案】Howmuch【詳解】句意:政府已花費(fèi)10