牛津譯林版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)第八單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

8AUnit8知識(shí)點(diǎn)Who

will

mop

up

the

water

if

I

go

home

without

you?

mopn.拖把Iusedamoptosopupthespilledwater.我用拖把把潑出的水擦干。mopv.用拖把擦干凈mop

up“把....拖干凈”。它的賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞，則代詞必須放在up前。The

floor

is

wet,

Mop

it

up,

Bill.

地板濕了。比爾，把它拖干凈。3）up

adv

完全地

mop

up

/

eat

up

/clean

up

/use

up

翻譯：他正在擦地板。Earthquakekillsthousandsofpeople.thousandsof成千上萬(wàn)的，數(shù)以千計(jì)的。表示概數(shù)。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有hundredsof,millionsof。表示不確定的泛指數(shù)時(shí)，則不僅要要用復(fù)數(shù)，而且要后接介詞of，然后才能接名詞。Thesunwasshining.Thousandsofpeoplewerelyingonthebeach.陽(yáng)光燦爛，數(shù)以千計(jì)的人躺在海灘上。Hiscoatisworthhundredsofdollars.他的大衣值好幾百美元。當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí)，習(xí)慣上用單數(shù)，而且也不后接介詞of。Hewaspreparedtopaytwomillion.他愿意支付200萬(wàn)。注意：但是，當(dāng)這些詞后面的名詞有了the,these,those等特指限定詞修飾時(shí)，或其后的接的是us,them這樣的人稱代詞時(shí)，則此時(shí)必須用介詞of。Aboutthreehundredofthemhaveleftthere.他們當(dāng)中約有300人離開(kāi)了那兒。例題：ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuilding________cheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousandsof3.At

first，I

felt

a

slight

shake.

1）shaken.“搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)”；Herefusedmyrequestwithashakeofhishead.他頭一搖拒絕了我的要求。2）v.“搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)；發(fā)抖”Can

I

shake

hands

with

you?

我可以與你握個(gè)手嗎？翻譯：我們第一次遇見(jiàn)某人時(shí)，通常握手。4.Outside,

people

were

running

in

all

directions

while

pieces

of

glass

and

bricks

were

falling

down.1）in

all

directions意為“四面八方”。You

father

walked

in

the

direction

of

the

post

office．你父親朝郵局的方向走去了。2）directionn.方向；指導(dǎo)；用法說(shuō)明；趨勢(shì)；目標(biāo)；管理Followthedirectionsthatyourdoctorgivesyou.根據(jù)醫(yī)生給你的說(shuō)明。3）directv.adj.直接的；筆直的；坦白的v.對(duì)準(zhǔn)；指揮；指示；命令Keepproductawayfromdirectsunlightandstoreinadrycoolplace.置放在不受陽(yáng)光直射,干燥通風(fēng)的地方。詞匯：Thethiefranintothissupermarket,sothepolicewentinthesamed_______tocatchhim.5.I

felt

nervous

and

my

heart

was

beating

fast.

1）beatv.打，擊，敲；沖擊He

beat

his

brother

for

lying.

他因?yàn)樗男值苷f(shuō)謊而揍他。

2）beatv.打敗，勝過(guò)Ifwedon'tprepareforthespeechcontest,theywillbeatus.如果這場(chǎng)演講比賽我們不做好準(zhǔn)備的話,他們就會(huì)打敗我們。beat,win區(qū)別：win和beat都可用作及物動(dòng)詞．作“贏，戰(zhàn)勝”講時(shí)，其區(qū)別主要在于賓語(yǔ)的不同。win的賓語(yǔ)通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、獎(jiǎng)品、金錢等名詞，即race，match，game，competition，war，prize之類的詞-beat的賓語(yǔ)則通常是比賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的對(duì)手，即人或球隊(duì)的名詞或代詞。They

won

the

match

this

time.這次比賽他們贏了。

We

played

very

well,

and

we

beaten

them.

我們發(fā)揮得很好，打敗了他們。例題：ItwillbeimpossibleZhangYining.A.winB.towinC.beatD.tobeat6.A

moment

of

fear

went

through

my

mind,

but

I

told

myself

to

calm

down

since

l

was

still

alive.1）mindn.意為“頭腦；想法”；作動(dòng)詞，意為“介意，反對(duì)”，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。

We

changed

our

minds

at

last.

最后我們改變了主意。

Do

you

mind

my

sitting

here?

你介意我坐在這嗎？

calm

down意為“鎮(zhèn)定，平靜下來(lái)”，賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞，則必須放在中間。We

must

calm

him

down

now.

我們現(xiàn)在必須讓他平靜下來(lái)。

3）alive是live的形容詞形式。但它只能作表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不可以作定語(yǔ)，與dead相對(duì)。

比較級(jí)

more

alive

最高級(jí)

most

alive

stay

alive仍活著;

活著He

found

himself

still

alive

after

the

accident.

It's

lucky.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他自己在事故后還活著。真是幸運(yùn)。注意：alive,live,living，lively區(qū)別A．a(chǎn)live意為“活著”，側(cè)重說(shuō)明生與死之間的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)，后置定語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)。雖有死的可能，但還活著。Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.他想讓魚活著。B．living意為“活著”強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)明“尚在人間”，“健在”，可用來(lái)指人或物，作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。Myfirstteacherisstillliving.我的啟蒙老師仍健在。Englishisalivinglanguage.英語(yǔ)是活的語(yǔ)言。注意:living前加上the,表示類別，指“活著的人們”。living還可用于短語(yǔ)，例如:makealiving謀生。makea/one'slivingby+ing通過(guò)干……謀生C．live“活著的”，通常指物，不指人，常用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)放名詞的前面。還指“實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的”。alivewire有電的電線alivefish一條活魚。D．lively則意為“活潑的”，“活躍”，“充滿生氣的”，可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)，既可指人，又可指物。Jennyisalivelygirl.詹妮是個(gè)活潑的女孩。Everythingislivelyhere.這兒一切都生機(jī)勃勃。例題：用alive,living,live或lively的適當(dāng)形式填空①---Areyourparentsstill______?---Yes,ofcourse.②Iwasshockedbya_______mouse.③Thesunaffectsall_______things.7.ThenI

heard

shouts

from

excited

people

.

1）shout

n.

呼喊；呼叫

Againandagaintheaudiencebrokeoutintoshoutsofapplause.聽(tīng)眾中爆發(fā)出一陣陣高聲的贊許聲。2）v.

shout

at對(duì)....大喊

shout

loudly大聲的喊3）excited修飾人，exciting修飾物

8.Timmywasasleepwhentheearthquakestarted.1）asleep,sleepy,sleep區(qū)別A．sleepn.&vi.睡覺(jué),睡眠h(yuǎn)aveagoodsleep.好好睡一覺(jué)LastnightIsleepverywell.我昨天晚上睡得很好。B．sleeping是sleep的現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞。作前置定語(yǔ)。thesleepingcar臥車車廂asleepingbag睡袋sleepingpills安眠藥C．a(chǎn)sleepadj.睡著的,作表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),指狀態(tài)。Hewastootiredandfellasleepatonce.他太累了，立刻就睡著了。D．sleepyadj.作表語(yǔ),意為“瞌睡的、困倦的”;作前置定語(yǔ),意為“寂靜的”。Sheisalwayssleepy.她總是想睡覺(jué)。Hegoestobedverylateeveryday,soheoftenfeelssleepy.他每天睡得很遲，因此經(jīng)常感到困乏。E．oversleep睡過(guò)頭fallasleep入睡soundasleep.酣睡fastasleep睡得很熟2）when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則。WhenhecomesI'lltellhimaboutit.他來(lái)的時(shí)候我將告訴他。例題1：Thegirlfeltso____thatshefell_______atthetable.A.sleepy;asleepB.sleepy;sleepyC.asleep;sleepyD.asleep;asleep例題2：---Linda,Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredthephone.---I’msorry.I________footballwithmyfriendsthen.A.playB.playedC.amplayingD.wasplaying9.People

were

trying

to

clear

the

snow

from

the

streets.1）clearadj.“清晰的，透明的”，clearly是它的副詞形式；Likethesky,Ifeelmyheartisbecomingclear.像這片天空一樣,我感到我的心靈也澄清了。2）v.“清除，打掃”。We

should

clear

up

the

park.

It's

too

dirty.

我們應(yīng)把公園清掃干凈。太臟了。clearup(v.+adv.)A．把…收拾整齊,打掃干凈Shallweclearupbeforewegoout?我們是不是在出去前把東西收拾好?Pleaseclearupthelitterbeforeyouleavetheoffice.請(qǐng)你離開(kāi)辦公室前把這堆廢紙雜物清理掉。B．治療,治愈cure;becomecuredclearupThisskindiseasewillclearupinadayortwo.這種皮膚病一兩天之內(nèi)就會(huì)好的。C．處理,完成finishclearsthI'dliketoclearuptherestoftheworkwhichwaswaitingformeaftermyholiday.我喜歡把假期后要做的活一塊干完。D．(天空)放晴brightenclearupAlthoughitisstillraining,i