《課時(shí)把關(guān)練》英語選擇性必修第三冊RJUNIT 4 Part I Reading and Thinking含答案

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE第課時(shí)把關(guān)練PartIReadingandThinking基礎(chǔ)知識練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Holidaysareexpensiveand，forthoseonloww（工資），theyareoftenunobtainable.2.Losingthebasketballmatchlastweekwasab（激烈而不愉快的）disappointmentfortheteam.3.Isaidgoodbyetomyfriendashegota（上，登上）thetrainatBeijingRailwayStation.4.Theyenjoyedanincomeandlifestylethatmanypeoplewoulde（羨慕）.5.Hesawthecornerofamagazinestickingoutfromundertheb（毛毯）.6.Wemustfindwaystoassureourchildrenad（相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的）startinlife.7.Thereformsaremotivatedbyag（真正的）concernforthedisabled.8.Myhearts（下沉）becauseIthoughthewasgoingtoleavemebehind.Ⅱ.用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空dreamof，keepup，setoff，turnback，turndown，stickin，afterall，fullofvigour1.Thelittlegirlhasseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.2.Nowadaysmanyyoungpeoplefromthecountrysidefindinggoodjobsinbigcities.3.DuringSpringFestival，peopleliketofirecrackersandputupspringcoupletsonthedoor.4.Atdusk，IwalkedasfarasthelakeandthenImadeupmymindto.5.Mr.Smithwasthirtyminuteslateforthemeetingbecausehehadbeentrafficjam.6.Facedwithchallenges，you’dbetteragoodstateofmind.7.Idon’tknowwhyyouaresoconcerned—itisn’tyourproblem.8.Youngpeople，andvitality，arelikethesunateightornineinthemorning.Ⅲ.單句語法填空1.Inmyopinion，thereisnoevidenceindicatingthatheisa（qualify）doctor.2.BeforeIenteredthecompetition，Ihadmixedprogramofstrengthand（endure）training.3.Iwasalwaysan（enthusiasm）reader，sometimesreadinguptothreebooksadayasachild.4.NeverwillIforgetmyfirst（assign）attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.5.Ifyoudon’thaveanaim，youwilldriftlikean（abandon）shipatsea.6.Heaskedmetotakefewer（belong）astherewaslittleroomleftinourcar.7.Withfaithand（persevere），Goodallfinallyovercameallthedifficulties.8.Theymadea（resolve）togoclimbingMountTaionSunday.Ⅳ.一句多譯1.我下火車時(shí)碰巧在下雨，因此只好乘出租車。①itwasrainingwhenIgotoffthetrainandIhadtotakeataxi.（it作形式主語）②IthappenedwhenIgotoffthetrainandIhadtotakeataxi.（動(dòng)詞不定式短語）2.沒有你的幫助，我不可能取得這么大的進(jìn)步。①，Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.（without）②Ifyoume，Iwouldnotsuchgreatprogress.（if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句）3.能有機(jī)會(huì)參加這次會(huì)議被認(rèn)為是很大的榮耀。①Peopleagreathonortohaveachancetoattendtheconference.（it作形式賓語）②agreathonortohaveachancetoattendtheconference.（it作形式主語）4.他給我們講的這個(gè)故事多么有趣啊?、賖eistellingus!（what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）②heistellingus!（how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）5.樹上的蘋果太高了，我夠不著。①Theapplesonthetreeare.（too...to...句式）②Theapplesonthetreearethem.（so...that...句式）能力提升練=5\*ROMANV.課文語法填空MynameisPerceBlackborowandIhavebeendreamingof1.expeditiontotheSouthPolewithSirErnestShackleton.Oneday，IreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedi-tioninthenewspaper，butwhenI2.（apply）tojoinit，IwasturneddownbecauseIwastooyoungandwasn’tqualified.Igotaboardtheshipwithout3.（permit）andhidinasmallcupboard，but4.（discover）threedayslater.Shackletonassignedmetobeasteward，andIcookedfortwenty-eightmen.How5.（excite）Iwas.Thejourneywas6.（hard）thanIexpected.WhenwewentnearAntarctica，ourshipbecame7.（stick）intheiceandgotcrushed.Beforeabandoningtheship，wewereonlyallowedtotakesomeofournecessitiesandhadtothrowawaytherest.Wewerecampingontheice，butwithspring8.（come），theicewouldbegintomelt.Wehadbeenstrugglingfordays，buttheconditionsonElephantIslandweregoingfrombadtoworse.ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland，9.was1，320kilometresaway.Therewasnofoodontheislandexceptasealorapenguinwesometimescaught.Iwasinlowspirits.However，withthegenuineconcernofFrankandErnest，Iwasfilledwithhopeandthoughttherewasachancewewouldreturnhome，10.all.VI.閱讀理解AThankstoitsharshenvironment，Antarcticaremainedlargelyuntouchedbyhumansformanymillennia（千年），allowingathrivingecosystemtoevolve.However，sincethe1990s，thelasttruewildernessontheplanetisbecominganincreasinglypopulardestinationforadventure-seekingtourists.Now，anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastateallofthearea’snativebirdpopulation.Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.Researchers，however，believedthattheAntarcticanimalswereimmunetothedangerduetothecontinent’sextremeweather.However，microbiologistMartaCerda-Cuellarwasnotconvinced.SheandsomecolleaguesdecidedtoexaminewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsforevidenceofhumanbacteria.Toensurethewastewasnotpolluted，thescientistshadtocollectitfromthebirdsthemselves.Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.Thisincludedacommonstrain（品種）ofbacteriathatcausesfoodpoisoninginhumans.Theresearcherssaidthebacteriastrainswereresistanttocommonly-usedhumanantibiotics，indicatingtheywerebroughtinbythevisitors，ratherthanmigratorybirds.“Thesestrains，whichareacommoncauseforinfectionsinhumansandlivestock，donotusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals，”saysGonzalezSolis.“However，theemergingofinvasivepathogens（病原體）thatarrivetohighlysensitivepopulationscouldhavesevereconsequencesandcausethelocalcollapseandextinctionofsomepopulations.”Theresearcheralsofearsthepresenceofthesebugscouldforeshadow（預(yù)示）thearrivalofother，moredeadly，pathogensasthenumberoftouristsincreases.Expertsbelievetheonlywaytopreventthemassdestructionofthebirdsistoimposestricterregulationsor，atleast，puttheonesalreadyinplaceintoeffect.Forexample，whiletheAntarcticaTreatyrequiresvisitorstocarrytheirwastebackhometosafeguardthepristine（原始純凈的）environment，theregulationisrarelyenforced.Fortunately，nowadayssomeofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerable（容易受傷的）birdsbeforeit’stoolate.1.WhatproblemisAntarcticafacingaccordingtoParagraphs1&2?A.Theincreasingnumberofbirds. B.Theworseningwilderness.C.Thereplacednativebirdspecies. D.Thespreadofinfectiousillnesses.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastate”mean?A.Reject. B.Protect. C.Destroy. D.Benefit.3.WhatdoweknowaboutthewastesamplesfromAntarcticbirdsthescientistscollected?A.Therewereseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthem.B.Migratorybirdsbroughtthesestrainsofbacteriain.C.Thestrainsusuallycausedeathoutbreaksinwildanimals.D.Theinvasivepathogenswillbecomemoredeadlyonessoon.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofbirdpopulationinAntarctica?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Ambiguous. D.Optimistic.BIwasshockedatthenewsthatDaisy-MayDemetre，9，becamethefirstchilddoubleamputee（截肢）towalkontherunwayatNewYorkFashionWeekinSeptemberonthetopoftheEiffelTower.Daisy-May，ofBirmingham，wasbornwithfibularhemimelia（腓骨半肢畸形）.Theconditionisrare，occurringin1in50，000births.Whenshewas18monthsold，Daisy-May’sparentschosetohavebothoftheyounggirl’slegsamputated—therightabovethekneeandtheleftbelowtheknee—inthehopesofgivingherabetterqualityoflifewithprosthetics（假肢）.Lateron，sheusedprostheticlegstohelpherwalkandmove.“Wehadthechoiceforhertolivelikethatortogofortheoperation，”Alex，Daisy-May’sfather，said.“Wedidn’tknowatthetimethatDaisy-Maywouldbeasgoodassheisnow.Insteadofbeingdiscouragedbyprostheticlegs，sheisinspiringeveryonebyshowingthemwhosheis.”Sheis，inmanyways，justlikeanyfifth-grader.Inschool，sheprefersEnglishovermath，andlovesgymnastics.Sheisagymnastaswellasamodel.Butit’shermovesontherunwaythatshedthemostconfidence.She’sbeenmodellingfor18monthsandhasalreadydominatedLondonFashionWeek，havingworkedforseveralhighstreetbrandsintheUK.ShewasevennamedChildofCourageinthePrideofBirminghamAwardsforinspiringotherchildrentodreambiginthefaceofimmensechallenges.IntheopinionofDaisy-May’sfather，modellingdoesn’tdefineDaisy-May.Rather，it’sasmallpartofwhosheis.ShejustdoesDaisy.Itisthewayshegoesaboutlifewithasmileonherface.Whetherit’sdancing，singing—sheisaveryspeciallittlegirl.5.WhatcausedDaisy-Maytomissherbothlegswhilestillababy?A.Ararebirthillness. B.Anexpectedaccident.C.AParisFashionShow. D.Anunsuccessfuloperation.6.WhatcanweconcludefromParagraph3?A.Daisy-Maywasunwillingtogoforanoperation.B.Daisy-Maywasdisappointedbyhermissinglegs.C.Daisy-May’sfatherthinksDaisy-Mayisamazing.D.Daisy-May’sfatherconsidersDaisy-Mayismodest.7.WhichactionmadeDaisy-Mayshowhermostconfidence?A.SpeakingEnglishfluently. B.Workingoutmathproblems.C.Doinggraceful（優(yōu)雅的）gymnastics. D.Walkingontherunwayasamodel.8.Inherfather’sopinion，whatmakesDaisy-Maytoday?A.Singinganddancinginaspecialway.B.Takingonlifewithasmileonherface.C.Pursuingherdreamofbecomingaglobalinspiration.D.Beingdeterminedtobeaworld-famousmodel.VII.完形填空Thelossofsightcanbedevastating（毀滅性的），particularlyfordogs.Whiletherearemanytoolstohelp1disabledpeople，mostofourfurryfriendswithlimitedsightaren’taslucky.Thiswasespeciallyaproblemfora14-year-oldblinddognamedTerfel，whohadtostayinhisdogbedmostofthetimetokeep2，whichwasnota（n）3lifeforhimtobehealthy.4，everythinghaschangedinhislifesincehemetanunlikelyfriend!Oneday，Judy，Terfel’sowner，5ahomelesscatshenamedPudditat.Hewasa6catandnotverynicetoJudy’sothercats.Buthedidmakeonefriendathisnewhome—Terfel.Andtheirrelationshipwastruly7!Thisfriendshipwentfar8justafewlate-eveningsnuggles（依偎）inthesharedbed.Pudditattookonanother9entirelyinTerfel’slife—heofferedhis10asaseeingeyecat!What’smore，Pudditatdidn’t11himselftohelpingTerfelavoidbumpingintothings.Healso12hisfriendoutdoors.It’s13tothinkwhattheirlivesmighthavebeenlikewithoutoneanother!WithoutPudditat，Terfelwouldhaveundoubtedly14indoors.AndPudditatwouldhavelikelylivedalifeoflonelinesswithnointerestinhiscatcompanions.15，thatwasn’tthecase!1.A.mentally B.permanently C.seriously D.visually2.A.alive B.warm C.safe D.strong3.A.desiring B.entire C.simple D.peaceful4.A.Besides B.Furthermore C.However D.Therefore5.A.gaveaway B.putaway C.adapted D.adopted6.A.lonely B.fierce C.friendly D.brave7.A.complex B.strange C.unique D.common8.A.beyond B.into C.against D.over9.A.aspect B.appearance C.form D.role10.A.foods B.greetings C.skills D.services11.A.contribute B.limit C.devote D.oppose12.A.guided B.followed C.allowed D.trained13.A.formal B.normal C.hard D.natural14.A.stayedup B.wastedaway C.sloweddown D.movedon15.A.Similarly B.Hopefully C.Surprisingly D.Thankfully課時(shí)把關(guān)練PartIReadingandThinking參考答案Ⅰ.1.wages2.bitter3.aboard4.envy5.blanket6.decent7.genuine8.sankⅡ.1.turneddown?2.dreamof?3.setoff?4.turnback5.stuckin?6.keepup?7.afterall?8.fullofvigourⅢ.1.qualified句意：在我看來，沒有證據(jù)表明他是個(gè)合格的醫(yī)生。所填詞修飾名詞，所以用形容詞形式。2.endurance句意：我在參賽之前做了一些混合性的包括力量和耐力的訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)前面的strength可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞，所以填endurance。3.enthusiastic句意：我一直是個(gè)熱心的讀者，小時(shí)候有時(shí)一天讀三本書。由語境可知，此處要填形容詞形式。4.assignment句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我在一家暢銷英文報(bào)紙的辦公室的第一項(xiàng)工作任務(wù)。所填詞作賓語，所以用名詞形式。5.abandoned句意：如果沒有目標(biāo)，你就會(huì)像大海上的棄船一樣隨波逐流。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“被遺棄的”，所以用abandoned。6.belongings句意：他讓我少拿點(diǎn)兒財(cái)物，因?yàn)樵谖覀兊能嚴(yán)飵缀鯖]有空間了。所填詞作賓語，所以用名詞形式。根據(jù)fewer可知，該詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。7.perseverance句意：憑著信心和毅力，古德爾終于戰(zhàn)勝了一切困難。所填詞作介詞的賓語，所以用名詞形式。8.resolution句意：他們決定周日去爬泰山。makearesolution意為“決定，下決心”。Ⅳ.1.①Itsohappenedthat?it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句。②toberaining?動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)。happentobedoingsth.碰巧在做某事。2.①Withoutyourhelp?without是介詞，意為“沒有”。②hadn’thelped，havemade?if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，所以用過去完成時(shí)。3.①considerit?it是形式賓語，代替后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。②Itisconsidered?it是形式主語，代替后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。4.①Whataninterestingstory感嘆句的中心詞是名詞時(shí)，要用“what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”形式。②Howinterestingastory?感嘆句的中心詞是形容詞時(shí)，要用“how+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”形式。5.①toohightoreach?too...to...意為“太……而不能……”。②sohighthatIcan’treach?so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。=5\*ROMANV.【語篇解讀】本文主要記敘了作者在去南極探險(xiǎn)的路上遇險(xiǎn)并頑強(qiáng)活下去的經(jīng)歷。1.anexpedition是讀音以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，此處是泛指，所以填an。2.applied講述過去發(fā)生的事情要用一般過去時(shí)。3.permissionwithout是介詞，后接名詞作賓語。4.wasdiscovered?I和discover之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因?yàn)槿荚谥v述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5.excited此處表示作者的心理感受，所以用excited。6.harder根據(jù)than可知，此處要用比較級。7.stuckbecomestuckin...被困在……8.coming此處是“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，spring和come之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。9.which先行詞是事物，關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，所以用which。10.afterafterall是固定短語，意為“畢竟，終歸”。VI.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述由于南極洲的寒冷，人類幾千年來沒有踏足。然而，自20世紀(jì)90年代以來，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成為探險(xiǎn)游客的熱門目的地。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)游客們可能留下有害細(xì)菌，影響鳥類的生存?？茖W(xué)家對此做了研究，建議限制人類旅游的數(shù)量。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Now，anewstudydeclaresthatthevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteriawhichcoulddevastateallofthearea’snativebirdpopulation.”以及第二段第一句“Humanscaninfectanimalswithillnessessuchastheflu.”可知，南極洲面臨傳染病傳播的問題。2.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中thevisitorsmaybeleavingbehindharmfulbacteria（參觀者可能留下了有害的細(xì)菌）和劃線詞后面的allofthearea’snativebirdpopulation（所有當(dāng)?shù)伉B類的數(shù)量）及常識推知，細(xì)菌會(huì)“摧毀”鳥類種群。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theresultsoftheirstudyrevealedthepresenceofseveraltypesofhumanbacteriainthebirdwaste.”可知，科學(xué)家收集的南極鳥類的糞便樣本中有幾種人類細(xì)菌。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Fortunately，nowadayssomeofficialsaretakingstepstosavethevulnerablebirdsbeforeit’stoolate.”可知，現(xiàn)在一些官員正在采取措施挽救脆弱的鳥類，由此可知，作者對南極洲鳥類種群的前景持樂觀態(tài)度?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是黛西·梅患了先天性罕見疾病，導(dǎo)致她失去了雙腿，但她成為第一個(gè)在紐約時(shí)裝周埃菲爾鐵塔頂端走秀的雙腿截肢兒童，這一消息讓人震驚。帶著微笑面對生活讓黛西有了今天的快樂。5.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，黛西·梅患了先天性罕見疾病，導(dǎo)致她失去了雙腿。6.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Wedidn’tknowatthetimethatDaisy-Maywouldbeasgoodassheisnow.”和sheisinspiringeveryonebyshowingthemwhosheis可知，黛西·梅的父親認(rèn)為她很了不起。7.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句可知，作為模特走在T臺上讓黛西·梅展示了她最自信的一面。8.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，特別是“ShejustdoesDaisy.Itisthewayshegoesaboutlifewithasmileonherface.”可知，在她父親看來，