2011年管理類聯(lián)考綜合真題及答案解析

MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-1~15345分。下列每題給出的A、B、C、D、已知船在靜水中的速度為28km/h，河水的流速為2km/h，則此船在相距78km的兩地間往返一 （A）5.9 （B）5.6 （C）5.4 （D）4.4 （E）4a,bca3

3b55c4)20abc

. （A）15（B）22（C）23人（D）30（E）37（A）8

3

（C）4

310000200610%。2006年該市的R&D經(jīng)費(fèi)支出占當(dāng)年GDP （C）2.5%

（A）14000 （B）11600 （C）9000 （D）6200 211MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-

（B）

（D）

1 339 Px2y22Pxy20p

，

（E）設(shè)a,bc12的三個(gè)不同的質(zhì)數(shù)（素?cái)?shù)）abbcca8abc 100元，5002000500 2400m400m后，由于改進(jìn)了施工工藝，每天2m50天完成了施工任務(wù)，原計(jì)劃施工工期是（A）200 （B）240 （C）250 （D）300 （E）350x2y29xy4

x x3y3x

（C）

（D）

（E）16—25330分。要求判斷媒體給出的條件（1）MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-件（2）能否充分支持題干所陳述的結(jié)論，A、B、C、D、E五個(gè)選項(xiàng)為判斷結(jié)果，請(qǐng)選擇一項(xiàng)符合實(shí)數(shù)a,bclna，lnb，lncx10x13。133224ABCa,bc.ABC（1）(a-b)(c2a2b2)（2）c22（1）a0,b-（2）a-1,ba,bcda2b21c2d21acbdMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-axby1與cxdy1ac,b9112.5（1）n，都有a1a2an（2）a126—55260A、B、C、D、E1MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-31MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-2010年某省物價(jià)總水平僅上漲2.420090.6個(gè)百分點(diǎn)?？墒牵胀癖娪X得物價(jià)漲幅較高，一些統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)也表明，民眾的感覺有據(jù)可依。2010年某月的統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)告顯示，該月禽蛋類食品價(jià)格漲幅達(dá)12.3%，某些反季節(jié)蔬菜漲幅甚至超過20%。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展，人們的購(gòu)物方式有了新的選擇。很多年輕人喜歡在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上選擇自己滿意的商品，通過快遞送上門，購(gòu)物足不出戶，非常便捷。劉教授據(jù)此認(rèn)為，那些實(shí)體商場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力會(huì)受到互聯(lián)經(jīng)理對(duì)2010年全年的贏利情況作了如下預(yù)測(cè)：MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-如MP3、CD、DVD等。但是對(duì)于電子圖書的接受并沒有達(dá)到專家所預(yù)期的程度，現(xiàn)在仍有很大一部分讀37.3D來電影的主流。3D立體電影中的銀幕角色雖然由計(jì)算機(jī)生成，但是那些包括動(dòng)作和表情的電腦角色MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-3D3D90%以上。老余是一位以專門為一艘遠(yuǎn)洋帆船載著5位中國(guó)人和幾位外國(guó)人由中國(guó)開往歐洲。途中，除5位中國(guó)人外，全患上了敗血癥。同乘一艘船，同樣是風(fēng)餐露宿，漂洋過海，為什么中國(guó)人和外國(guó)人如此不同呢？原來這5位中國(guó)人都有喝茶的習(xí)慣，而外國(guó)人卻沒有。于是得出結(jié)論：喝茶時(shí)這5位中國(guó)人未得敗血癥的原因。MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-a、b、ca、b吸引造成的，于是猜想還有一顆未知行星造成天王星的軌道特征c。按照聯(lián)合國(guó)開發(fā)計(jì)劃署2007年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，挪威是世界上居民生活質(zhì)量最高的國(guó)家，歐美和日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家也名列前茅。如果統(tǒng)計(jì)1990年以來生活質(zhì)量改善最快的國(guó)家，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家則落后了，至少在聯(lián)合國(guó)開發(fā)計(jì)劃署統(tǒng)計(jì)的116個(gè)國(guó)家中，17年來，非洲東南部國(guó)家莫桑比克的生活質(zhì)量提高最快，2007年其生活質(zhì)量指數(shù)比1990年提高了50%，很多非洲國(guó)家取得了和莫桑比克類似的成就。作為世界上最受矚目的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，中國(guó)的生活質(zhì)量指數(shù)在過去17年中冶提高了27%。MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-反映在臉上，從1990年春季開始，該教授領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組對(duì)1826對(duì)70歲以上的雙胞胎進(jìn)行了體能40MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib- 49-50 （B）僅Ⅱ（C）僅Ⅰ和 （D）僅Ⅱ和Ⅲ（E）Ⅰ、Ⅱ和MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-6500球大約有20%的物種滅絕?，F(xiàn)在，大熊貓、西伯利亞虎、北美玳瑁、巴西紅木等許多珍稀物種面臨著滅MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-20081000.219891.4MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-26556305735600人都明白的基本道理。但是問題的關(guān)鍵在于如何判斷股票價(jià)值的高低。只有正確的判斷股價(jià)的高低，上述的基本道理才有意義，否則就毫無實(shí)用價(jià)值。股價(jià)的高低是一個(gè)相對(duì)的概念，只有通過比較才能顯股票的高低時(shí)，不注重股票的歷史表現(xiàn)，而是注重股票今后的走勢(shì)，這是一種危險(xiǎn)的行為，因?yàn)楣善钡臍v史表現(xiàn)是一種客觀事實(shí)，客觀事實(shí)具有無可爭(zhēng)辯的確定性；股票的今后走勢(shì)只是一種主觀預(yù)測(cè)，主觀預(yù)測(cè)。假如宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)、市場(chǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)和個(gè)人股表現(xiàn)均好，它的上漲概率就大；假如宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)、市場(chǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)和個(gè)股表現(xiàn)均不好，它的上漲概率就??；假如宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)、市場(chǎng)態(tài)勢(shì)和個(gè)股表現(xiàn)不相一致，它的上漲概率就需率，第三也還是要掌握股價(jià)漲跌的概率。掌握了股價(jià)漲跌的概率，你就能賺錢；否則，你就會(huì)賠錢。論說文：根據(jù)以下材料，寫一篇700字左右的論說文，自擬題目MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-a3

a 3b50b3

3) 4 5c4 c MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-aOCBCABa則OA

(1)(1)2(a)2(a

aRa

R。V

4R)3

3R3 2006 200711 C2C1P C3

54 1098 32 20072004.09入學(xué)、2005.09入學(xué)、2006.09入學(xué)、2007.09入學(xué)。2600+2800+3000+3200=11600名。MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-S

OCF1

2111

圓弧

(

1-8(1)2

Pxyk0P的坐標(biāo)可設(shè)為(a,b00

k2k2xy20k2Pxy20b0而該切線與OP垂直，得a

a1，bMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-abcabbccac4122、3、5、7、

abbcac2(ac)8ac(ababc753100元，5002000xyz1百 5百 20百 xyz則x5y20z

4y19z90y90

2400400x50x3002400MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-

xx3y3x

x(xy)(x2y2xy)(x

x(xy)(x2y2xy x2y2xy1

94

1【解析】：條件（1）eaebec成等比數(shù)列，則(eb)2eaec2baca,bc2lnblnalnc條件（22lnblnalnca,bc

b2ab

x70%x90%yxyxy70%x90y80%x 人

xxayaxyMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-選E

13x13則S

216(x (x(xx10)(x252x2 (x5)(x5)

x5(x5)3(xx

(36

只有x518時(shí)。這組解有意義，解得x13,充分 【解析】：條件（1）(ab)(c2a2b20ab或c2a2b2，ABC是等腰三角形或直角三角形，不充分；條件（2）c a 聯(lián)合條件（1），（2）有 或 c MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-a

a

a

abc

或bc

，即bc

，則

1AB APO1Pa2a2a2b1

AO2AO2

ac

a2c2b2d2

1

ac

ac

ac與bdac

a2c2b2d

a

bd a2

b2d

，則ac

acbd

1條件（2）acbdacb

可以成(a

2,c

2,b

2,d

2,acbd11021條件（2），（四）23MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-tn14

tn2

to19

to2

1

vn2

1

to

條件（1），t

20

1 條件（2），t

3965,或t

495511

11

【解析】：條件（1）Snn，即2

a(a12)nn(令f(n) 2(

d)ng(n)n nf(ng(n拋物線開口方向向下，則d0，不充分；條件（2）a2a1a1da1d0，不充分；d0MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-解析：E把原因歸結(jié)為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)游戲泛濫，與家庭和學(xué)校的教育方法無關(guān)，故能對(duì)專家的觀點(diǎn)“家庭和學(xué)校不適當(dāng)?shù)慕逃椒▽?dǎo)致了“男孩危機(jī)”現(xiàn)象”構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重質(zhì)疑。解析：題干表明撫仙湖蟲是昆蟲的遠(yuǎn)祖，而撫仙湖蟲是食泥的生物。A項(xiàng)“昆蟲的遠(yuǎn)祖也有不是食泥的生物”顯然不支持以上的論證?！窘馕觥浚篍E項(xiàng)表明美麗感人的故事更多體現(xiàn)在戀愛解析：彩電部門經(jīng)理”如果冰箱部門今年贏利，那么彩電部門就不會(huì)贏利”；與手機(jī)部門經(jīng)理的話解析：B項(xiàng)成立，即只有選手的故意行為，才能成為判罰的根據(jù)，那么，陳華不是故意的行為，當(dāng)然不A項(xiàng)成立，就表明題干混淆了集合概念（公達(dá)律師事務(wù)所就是一個(gè)集合概念）和非集合概MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-PM,MS；ASAP”，C項(xiàng)的推理形式為PM,MS；AM,AS”。1.120118分，而他的分?jǐn)?shù)又比周梅的高，可知，解析：李教授認(rèn)為，無糖飲料盡管卡路里含量低，單不意味著他不會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重增加。D項(xiàng)正好說明了這III答案：C解析：C項(xiàng)并沒有解釋為什么古代患有近視的人少，而只是說明在古代近視的危害不大，故無答案：E解析：在題干中，知識(shí)是等同于邏輯的?！跋胂罅椭R(shí)是天敵”需依賴“想象力和邏輯水火【解析】：B項(xiàng)“只有該總裁的繼任者喜歡被批評(píng)的的感覺，他才會(huì)批評(píng)繼任者”，加上前提“當(dāng)前總MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-C會(huì)滅絕且西伯利亞虎會(huì)滅絕，所以C2、“只注重股票今后的走勢(shì)，這是一種危險(xiǎn)的行為?！辈槐厝煌瞥觥拔ㄒ坏耐緩骄褪强此臍v史表現(xiàn)”，因?yàn)?，投資者完全可以二者兼顧。、“么可以只憑主觀預(yù)測(cè)而不顧客觀事實(shí)呢？”的結(jié)論。論述者“忽略發(fā)展”，歷史的表現(xiàn)未必能夠代表、“我們只能2MBA在考前發(fā)的寫作補(bǔ)充講義中就講到了這個(gè)。MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-新和重大突破，他讓我們的國(guó)家跟上了世界發(fā)展的腳步，同時(shí)在各行各業(yè)培養(yǎng)出許多“冒尖”人才，這是制度創(chuàng)新在培養(yǎng)人才的卓越典范。如何培養(yǎng)“冒尖”管理人才，我們肩負(fù)著中華復(fù)興的重任，每一個(gè)人都MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-Section UseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyandfreedomofspeech.Butthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcyber-crimethathas 1acrosstheWeb.Canprivacybepreserved2bringing andsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly3 Lastmonth,HowardSchmidt,thenation'scyber-czar,offeredthefederalgovernmenta tomaketheWebasaferplace—a"voluntarytrustedidentity"systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech ofaphysicalkey,aandaphotoIDcard,allrolled6one.Thesystemmightuseasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential7toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Userscould whichsystemtojoin,onlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver'slicense10bythegovernment.GoogleandMicrosoftareamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese"singlesign-on"systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto11justoncebutusemanydifferentservices. ,theapproachwouldcreatea"walledgarden"incyberspace,withsafe"neighborhoods"andbright"streetlights"toestablishasenseofa Mr.Schmidtdescribeditasa"voluntaryecosystem"inwhich"individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactionswith14,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure15whichthetransactionStill,theadministration'splanhas16privacyrightsactivists.Someapplaudtheapproach;othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould17beacompulsoryInternet"driver'sTheplanhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe"voluntaryecosystem"envisionedbyMr.SchmidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet19.TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublic1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C]MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-[A] [B] [C][A] [B] [C]

[A]by [B]into [C]from [D]over[A] [B] [C][A] [B] [C]

[A]recall [B]suggest [C]select [D]realize[A] [B] [C] [A]carry [B]linger [C]set [D]log[D][A]In [B]In [C]In[A] [B] [C][A] [B] [C]

[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C][A] [B] [C][A] [B] [C]

[A] [B] [C] [D]Section ReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)TextRuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs'sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary,2000;ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUniversity.Fortherestofthedecadesheapparentlymanagedbothroleswithoutattractingmuchcriticism.Butbytheendof2009Ms.SimmonswasunderfireforhavingsatonGoldman'scompensationcommittee:howcouldshehaveletthoseenormousbonuspayoutspassunremarked?ByFebruarythenextyearMs.Simmonshadlefttheboard.Thepositionwasjusttakinguptoomuchtime,shesaid.Outsidedirectorsaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirm'sboard.Havingmadetheirwealthandtheirreputationselsewhere,theypresumablyhaveenoughindependencetodisagreewiththechiefMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-executive'sproposals.Ifthesky,andthesharepriceisfalling,outsidedirectorsshouldbeabletogiveadvicebasedonhavingweatheredtheirowncrises.TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasethatcoveredmorethan10,000firmsandmorethan64,000differentdirectorsbetween1989and2004.Thentheysimplycheckedwhichdirectorsstayedfromonestatementtothenext.Themostlikelyreasonfordepartingaboardwasage,sotheresearchersconcentratedonthose"surprise"disappearancesbydirectorsundertheageof70.Theyfoundthatafterasurprisedeparture,theprobabilitythatthecompanywillsubsequentlyhavetorestateearningsincreasedbynearly20%.Thelikelihoodofbeingnamedinafederalclass-actionlawsuitalsoincreases,andthestockislikelytoperformworse.Theeffecttendedtobelargerforlargerfirms.Althoughacorrelationbetweenthemleavingandsubsequentbadperformanceatthefirmissuggestive,itdoesnotmeanthatsuchdirectorsarealwaysjumpingoffasinkingship.Oftenthey"tradeup,"leavingriskier,smallerfirmsforlargerandmorestablefirms.Buttheresearchersbelievethatoutsidedirectorshaveaneasiertimeofavoidingablowtotheirreputationsiftheyleaveafirmbeforebadnewsbreaks,evenifareviewofhistoryshowsthattheywereontheboardatthetimeanywrongdoingoccurred.Firmswhowanttokeeptheiroutsidedirectorsthroughtoughtimesmayhavetocreateincentives.OtherwiseoutsidedirectorswillfollowtheexampleofMs.Simmons,onceagainverypopularonAccordingtoParagraph1,Ms.Simmonswascriticized gainingexcessivefailingtofulfillherrefusingtomakeleavingtheboardintoughWelearnfromParagraph2thatoutsidedirectorsaresupposedto generousunbiasedsharepriceindependentAccordingtotheresearchersfromOhioUniversityafteranoutsidedirector'ssurprisedeparture,thefirmis becomemorereportincreaseddolesswellinthestockperformworseinItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatoutside maystayfortheattractiveoffersfromthehaveoftenhadrecordsofwrongdoingsintheareaccustomedtostress-freeworkinthewilldeclineincentivesfromtheMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheroleofoutsidedirectors TextWhateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspaper?Ayearagotheendseemednear.Therecessionthreatenedtoremovetheadvertisingandreadersthathadnotalreadyfledtotheinternet.NewspapersliketheSanFranciscoChroniclewerechroniclingtheirowndoom.America'sFederalTradecommissionlaunchedaroundoftalksabouthowtosavenewspapers.Shouldtheybecomecharitablecorporations?Shouldthestatesubsidizethem?Itwillholdanothermeetingsoon.Butthediscussionsnowseemoutofdate.Inmuchoftheworldthereislittlesignofcrisis.GermanandBrazilianpapershaveshruggedofftherecession.EvenAmericannewspapers,whichinhabitthemosttroubledcorneroftheglobalindustry,havenotonlysurvivedbutoftenreturnedtoprofit.Notthe20%profitmarginsthatwereroutineafewyearsago,butprofitallthesame.Ithasnotbeenmuchfun.Manypapersstayedafloatbypushingjournalistsoverboard.TheAmericanSocietyofNewsEditorsreckonsthat13,500newsroomjobshavegonesince2007.Readersarepayingmoreforslimmerproducts.Somepapersevenhadthenervetorefusedeliverytodistantsuburbs.Yetthesedesperatemeasureshaveprovedtherightonesand,sadlyformanyjournalists,theycanbepushedfurther.Newspapersarebecomingmorebalancedbusinesses,withahealthiermixofrevenuesfromreadersandadvertisers.Americanpapershavelongbeenhighlyunusualintheirrelianceonads.Fully87%oftheirrevenuescamefromadvertisingin2008,accordingtotheOrganizationforEconomicCooperation&Development(OECD).InJapantheproportionis35%.Notsurprisingly,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestable.Thewhirlwindthatsweptthroughnewsroomsharmedeverybody,butmuchofthedamagehasbeenconcentratedinareaswherenewspapersareleastdistinctive.Carandfilmreviewershavegone.Sohavescienceandgeneralbusinessreporters.Foreignbureaushavebeensavagelycutoff.Newspapersarelesscompleteasaresult.Butcompletenessisnolongeravirtueinthenewspaperbusiness.Bysaying"Newspaperslike…theirowndoom"(Para.1),theauthorindicatesthat neglectedthesignoffailedtogetstatewerenotcharitablewereinadesperateSomenewspapersrefuseddeliverytodistantsuburbsprobably readersthreatenedtopaynewspaperswantedtoreducejournalistsreportedlittleaboutthesesubscriberscomplainedaboutslimmerComparedwiththeirAmericancounterparts,Japanesenewspapersaremuchmorestablebecause havemoresourcesofMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-havemorebalancedarelessdependentonarelessaffectedbyWhatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphaboutthecurrentnewspaperDistinctivenessisanessentialfeatureofCompletenessistoblameforthefailureofForeignbureausplayacrucialroleinthenewspaperReadershavelosttheirinterestincarandfilmThemostappropriatetitleforthistextwould AmericanNewspapers:StrugglingforAmericanNewspapers:GonewiththeAmericanNewspapers:AThrivingAmericanNewspapers:AHopelessTextWetendtothinkofthedecadesimmediatelyfollowingWorldWarIIasatimeofprosperityandgrowth,withsoldiersreturninghomebythemillions,goingofftocollegeontheG.I.Billandliningupatthemarriagebureaus.Butwhenitcametotheirhouses,itwasatimeofcommonsenseandabeliefthatlesscouldtrulybemore.DuringtheDepressionandthewar,Americanshadlearnedtolivewithless,andthatrestraint,incombinationwiththepostwarconfidenceinthefuture,madesmall,efficienthousingpositivelystylish.Economicconditionwasonlyastimulusforthetrendtowardefficientliving.Thephrase"lessismore"wasactuallyfirstpopularizedbyaGerman,thearchitectLudwigMiesvanderRohe,wholikeotherpeopleassociatedwiththeBauhaus,aschoolofdesign,emigratedtotheUnitedStatesbeforeWorldWarIIandtookuppostsatAmericanarchitectureschools.ThesedesignerscametoexertenormousinfluenceonthecourseofAmericanarchitecture,butnonemoresothanMies.Mies'signaturephrasemeansthatlessdecoration,properlyorganized,hasmoreimpactthanalot.Elegance,hebelieved,didnotderivefromabundance.Likeothermodernarchitects,heemployedmetal,glassandlaminatedwood—materialsthatwetakeforgrantedtodaybutthatinthe1940ssymbolizedthefuture.Mies'sophisticatedpresentationmaskedthefactthatthespaceshedesignedweresmallandefficient,ratherthanbigandoftenempty.TheapartmentsintheeleganttowersMiesbuiltonChicago'sLakeShoreDrive,forexample,weresmaller—two-bedroomunitsunder1,000squarefeet—thanthoseintheirolderneighborsalongthecity'sGoldCoast.Buttheywerepopularbecauseoftheirairyglasswalls,theviewstheyaffordedandtheeleganceofthebuildings'detailsandproportions,thearchitecturalequivalentoftheabstractartsopopularatthetime.Thetrendtoward"less"wasnotentirelyforeign.Inthe1930sFrankLloydWrightstartedbuildingmoremodestandefficienthouses—usuallyaround1,200squarefeet—thanthespreadingtwo-storyoneshehaddesignedinthe1890sandtheearly20thcentury.The"CaseStudyHouses"commissionedfromtalentedmodernarchitectsbyCaliforniaArts&magazinebetween1945and1962wereyetanotherhomegrowninfluenceonthe"lessismore"trend.MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-effectcamefromthelandscape,newmaterialsandforthrightdetailing.InhisCaseStudyHouse,RalphRapsonmayhavemispredictedjusthowthemechanicalrevolutionwouldimpacteverydaylife—fewAmericanfamiliesacquiredhelicopters,thoughmosteventuallygotclothesdryers—buthisbeliefthatself-sufficiencywasbothdesirableandinevitablewaswidelyThepostwarAmericanhousingstylelargelyreflectedthe prosperityandefficiencyandrestraintandprideandWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3aboutItwasfoundedbyLudwigMiesvanderItsdesigningconceptwasaffectedbyWorldWarII.[C]MostAmericanarchitectsusedtobeassociatedwithit.[D]IthadagreatinfluenceuponAmericanMiesheldthateleganceofarchitectural wasrelatedtolargewasidentifiedwithwasnotreliantonabundantwasnotassociatedwithWhatistrueabouttheapartmentsMiesbuiltonChicago'sLakeShoreTheyignoreddetailsandTheywerebuiltwithmaterialspopularatthatTheyweremorespaciousthanneighboringTheysharedsomecharacteristicsofabstractWhatcanwelearnaboutthedesignofthe"CaseStudyMechanicaldeviceswerewidelyNaturalscenesweretakenintoDetailsweresacrificedfortheoverallEco-friendlymaterialswereTextWilltheEuropeanUnionmakeit?Thequestionwouldhavesoundedstrangenotlongago.Noweventheproject'sgreatestcheerleaderstalkofacontinentfacinga"Bermudatriangle"ofdebt,populationdeclineandlowerAswellasthosechronicproblems,theEUfacesanacutecrisisinitseconomiccore,the16countriesthatusethesinglecurrency.Marketshavelostfaiththattheeurozone'seconomies,weakerorstronger,willonedayconvergethankstothedisciplineofsharingasinglecurrency,whichdeniesuncompetitivemembersthequickfixofMBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-YetthedebateabouthowtosaveEurope'ssinglecurrencyfromdisintegrationisstuck.Itisstuckbecausetheeurozone'sdominantpowers,FranceandGermany,agreeontheneedforgreaterharmonisationwithintheeurozone,butdisagreeaboutwhattoharmonise.Germanythinkstheeuromustbesavedbystricterrulesonborrowing,spendingandcompetitiveness,backedbyquasi-automaticsanctionsforgovernmentsthatdonotobey.ThesemightincludethreatstofreezeEUfundsforpoorerregionsandEUmega-projectsandeventhesuspensionofacountry'svotingrightsinEUministerialcouncils.Itinsiststhateconomicco-ordinationshouldinvolveall27membersoftheEUclub,amongwhomthereisasmallmajorityforfree-marketliberalismandeconomicrigour;intheinnercorealone,Germanyfears,asmallmajorityfavourFrenchinterference.A"southern"campheadedbyFrenchwantssomethingdifferent:"Europeaneconomicgovernment"withinaninnercoreofeuro-zonemembers.Translated,thatmeanspoliticiansinterveninginmonetarypolicyandasystemofredistributionfromrichertopoorermembers,viacheaperborrowingforgovernmentsthroughcommonEurobondsorcompletefiscaltransfers.Finally,figuresclosetotheFrancegovernmenthavemurmured,euro-zonemembersshouldagreetosomefiscalandsocialharmonization:e.g.,curbingcompetitionincorporate-taxratesorlaborcosts.ItistoosoontowriteofftheEU.Itremainstheworld'slargesttradingblock.Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlaborthananycomparabletradingarea.Itisanambitiousattempttobluntthesharpestofglobalization,andmakecapitalismTheEUisfacedwithsomanyproblems ithasmoreorlesslostfaithinevenitssupportersbegintofeelsomeofitsmembercountriesplantoabandonitintendstodenythepossibilityofThedebateovertheEU'ssinglecurrencyisstuckbecausethedominant arecompetingfortheleadingarebusyhandlingtheirownfailtoreachanagreementondisagreeonthestepstowardsTosolvetheeuroproblem,Germanyproposed EUfundsforpoorregionsbestricterregulationsbeonlycoremembersbeinvolvedineconomicvotingrightsoftheEUmembersbeTheFrenchproposalofhandlingthecrisisimplies poorcountriesaremorelikelytogetstrictmonetarypolicywillbeappliedtopoorloanswillbereadilyavailabletorichrichcountrieswillbasicallycontrolRegardingthefutureoftheEU,theauthorseemstofeel MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-PartBYouaregoingtoreadanarticle,thendecidetomatchthesentencesfromA,B,C,D,E,F,G.withthefirstfivepartsofasentence.Therearetwoextrachoicesleft.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Leadingdoctorstodayweighinonthedebateoverthegovernment'sroleinpromotingpublichealthbydemandingthatministersimpose"fattaxes"onunhealthyfoodandintroducecigarette-stylewarningstochildrenaboutthedangersofapoordiet.Thedemandsfollowcommentsmadelastweekbythehealthsecretary,AndrewLansley,whoinsistedthegovernmentcouldnotforcepeopletomakehealthychoicesandpromisedtofreebusinessesfrompublichealthButseniormedicalfigureswanttostopfirst-foodoutletsopeningnearschools,restrictadvertisingofproductshighinfat,saltorsugar,andlimitsponsorshipofsportseventsbyfast-foodproducerssuchanMcDonald's.TheyarguethatgovernmentactionisnecessarytocurbBritain'saddictiontounhealthyfoodandhelphaltspiralingratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.ProfessorTerenceStephenson,presidentoftheRoyalCollegeofPediatricsandChildHealth,saidthattheconsumptionofunhealthyfoodshouldbeseentobejustandamagingassmokingorexcessivedrinking."Thirtyyearsago,itwouldhavebeeninconceivabletohaveimaginedabanonsmokingintheworkplaceorpubs,andyetthatiswhatwehavenow.Arewewillingtobejustascourageousinrespectofobesity?Iwouldsuggestthatweshouldbe,"saidtheleaderoftheUK'schildren'sdoctors.Lansleyhasalarmedhealthcampaignersbysuggestinghewantsindustryratherthangovernmenttotakethelead.HesaidthatmanufacturersofcrispsandcandiescouldplayacentralroleintheChange4Lifecampaign,thecenterpieceofgovernmenteffortstoboosthealthyeatingandfitness.HehasalsocriticizedthecelebritychefJamieOliver'shigh-profileattempttoimproveschoollunchesinEnglandasanexampleofhow"lecturing"peoplewasnotthebestwaytochangetheirbehavior.StephensonsuggestedpotentialrestrictionscouldincludebanningTVadvertisementsforfoodshighinfat,saltorsugarbefore9p.m.andlimitingthemonbillboardsorincinemas."Ifwewerereallybold,wemightevenbegintothinkofhigh-caloriefastfoodinthesamewayascigarettes—bysettingstrictlimitsonadvertising,productplacementandsponsorshipofsportevents,"hesaid.SuchamovecouldaffectfirmssuchasMcDonald's,whichsponsorstheyouthcoachingschemerunbytheFootballAssociation.Fast-foodchainsshouldalsostopoffering"inducements"suchastoys,cuteanimalsandmobilephonecredittolureyoungcustomers,Stephensonsaid.ProfessorDineshBhugra,presidentoftheRoyalCollegeofPsychiatrists,said:"Ifchildrenaretaughtabouttheimpactthatfoodhasontheirgrowth,andthatsomethingscanharm,atleastinformationisavailableupfront."MBAMBA微信公眾號(hào)：mbalib-Healsourgedcouncilstoimpose"fast-food-freezones"aroundschoolsandhospitals—areaswithintakeawayscannotopen.ADepartmentofHealthspokespersonsaid:"Weneedtocreateanewvisionforpublichealthwhereallofsocietyworkstogethertogethealthyandlivelonger.Thisincludescreatinganew‘responsibilitydeal'withbusiness,builtonsocialresponsibility,notstateregulation.Laterthisyear,wewillpublishawh