湖北省重點(diǎn)高中智學(xué)聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

湖北省重點(diǎn)高中智學(xué)聯(lián)盟2024年秋季高三年級(jí)10月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthewomanapplyingfor?A.Anidentitycard. B.Acreditcard. C.Apassport.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hereyouare,myidentitycardandthepletedforms.Howmuchdoesanewpassportcostintotal?M:$70.Thatispayableincashorbycreditcard.Whichwouldyouprefer?W:Credit,please.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhyisthewomandrinkingPu’er?A.Shelikesitstaste. B.Shewantstobethinner. C.Shebelievesit’sgoodforhealth.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:WhatisyourfavoriteChinesetea?Mineisoolong.W:Minetoo,buttheoneI’mdrinkingnowisPu’er.Theysayitcanhelpyouloseweight.M:Loseweight?Idon’tthinkyouneedtoloseweight.I’veheardthatgreenteaisthehealthiestofall.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably?A.Inaschool. B.Inahospital. C.Inthewoman’shouse.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Yourtestresultsarealittleabnormal,sowe’regoingtokeepyouhereovernightforfurtherexamination.W:OK,Ijustneedtophonemyhusbandtoaskhimtopickupthekidsfromschool.IthoughtI’dbehomethisafternoon.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whosecarwillthewomanmostprobablytravelinnext?A.Tony’s. B.Tom’s. C.Amy’s.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:It’sgoodofyoutocollectme,Tony.IwassupposedtogoinAmy’scar,butshealreadyhasthreepassengers.M:Sorry,maybeyoucouldgobackwithAmybecauseIpromisedTomIwouldreturnhiscarby7:00p.m.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Alawyer. B.Auniversityprofessor. C.Aprofessionalgolfer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Didyoustartoutwithanacademiccareerinmind,professor?W:No,notatall.Believeitornot,Iwasonceaworldclassgolfer,butIgotinjuredinmytwenties,soIwenttouniversitytostudylawinstead.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.WhichareaofItalyisthemangoingtostudyin?A.Thenorth. B.Thesouth. C.Thecenter.7.Whatdoesthewomanremendthemantodo?A.Stayinahotel.BLiveinherfriend’splace.C.Askpeopleonsocialmedia.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtobestudyinginItalyforsixmonths,soI’mlookingforacmodation.W:Icancertainlytryandhelp.Whatcitywillyoubestayingin?M:Ithinkit’sTurin.W:Sothat’sinthenorthernregion.It’sashamethatwehavelotsofplacesinthecentralregionandthesouth,butnotsomanyupthere.M:It’sOK.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?W:Youcouldpostonsocialmediaandseeifanyonehasrelativesorfriendsthatyoucouldstaywith.Thatwillsaveyouexpensivehotelbills.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Howmanydogsdidthewomanrescue?A.Four. B.Six. C.Eight.9.Whatdoesthemanprobablydoforaliving?A.Heisajournalist. B.Heisadogwalker. C.Heisaphotographer.10Whatisthewomandoing?A.Walkingherdog. B.Feedingherdog. C.Sellingherdog.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【解析】【原文】M:Yourdogissimplyadorable.CanIpethim?W:Yes,he’sveryfriendly.Werescuedhimoffthestreetabouteightmonthsago.M:Hemusthavehadaroughtime.Thegoodthingishe’sfoundalovingfamily.W:Yeah,wespoilhimandhisbrothers.Thereweresixpuppies.M:Didyoukeepthemall?W:Yes,wedidn’twanttoseparatethem.Buttheyneedtobewalkedseparately.M:Thatmustbeverytimeconsuming.W:Well,therearefourofus,myhusband,ourtwokidsandme.Sowealltaketurns.M:That’samazing.Ihopeyoudon’tmind.Iwriteforalocalnewspaper.CouldItakeaphotoofyouwalkingyourdog?Iwanttowriteaboutyourstory.W:Byallmeans,ifitletsmorepeoplehelpdogs.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutemployingdisabledpeople?A.Worried. B.Undecided. C.Supportive.12.Whattypeofpanydoesthemanworkfor?A.Magazine. B.Furniture. C.I.T.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Employadisabledperson.B.Reduceherscreentime.C.Readanarticle.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouthinkmorepaniesshouldofferjobstopeoplewithdisabilities?M:Ofcoursetheyshould.Disabledpeoplehaveskillsaswell.Itwouldbesillynottousethem.W:Butitmightbedifficultforthemtoworkbecauseoftheirdisabilities.M:Itdependsonwhattheproblemis.Ionceknewablindmanwhowasanexcellentpianotuner,probablybetterthansomeonewhocouldsee.W:Really?M:Yes,andthere’sapanycalledRemployinmycountry.Theyemploydisabledpeopletomakefurniture.W:Sameasyourpany.M:Yes,it’soneofourgreatpetitors.I’mhappytoseetheirsuccess.W:Isupposealotofjobsthesedaysdon’tdependonphysicalwork.IT,forexample.Thatismostlylookingatascreen.M:Exactly.TherewasagoodarticleonthissubjectinamagazineIreadattheweekend.Youshouldreadit.Itexplainsalltheproblemsandsolutionsregardingemployingthedisabled.W:Cool.Canyoubringittome?M:Noproblem.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Brotherandsister. C.Studentandfirewarden.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Tuesday. C.Wednesday.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Callacharityorganization.B.Helpthemansortthealarmsout.C.ContactShelleythroughemail.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】M:HeyJulia,whyiseveryonestandingoutside?W:HeyMark.Thefirealarmwentoffagain.M:Itmustbeafault.Thatwasthethirdtimeduringfourweeks.W:Iknow,buttheyneedtocheckifit’ssafebeforewegobackinside.M:Meanwhile,weneedtostandoutsideinthesnow.Where’syourjacket?W:Ileftitinmyoffice.We’realwaystoldtoleaveourbelongings.M:Doyouwantmine?W:No,I’mOK,thanks.Wherewereyou?M:Iwentforanearlylunch.I’mgladIdidsonow.W:Didyougoanywherenice?M:Justtothelittlecaféattheendofthestreet.TheydoadealonWednesdayswhenyoucangetfreecoffeewithanysandwich.W:I’llneedtocheckitouttomorrow,then.Iusuallybringmyownlunch,butIkeepforgettingthesedays.M:Ihighlyremendit.Alloftheirfoodislocallysourced,andtheygive10%oftheirprofitstocharity.W:Iliketosupportbusinessesthataresociallyresponsible.M:Looksliketheyarelettingusbackin.W:Yes,therewasn’tafirethen.Theyreallyshouldsortthealarmsout.M:YoushouldspeaktoShelley.She’sinchargeofthealarmsystem.W:Ididn’tknowthat.IwilldropheranemailassoonasI’mbackatmydesk.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whyisrockclimbingnotdangerous?A.Youusearopetoholdyou.B.Youhaveapartnertocatchyou.C.Youcantakemeasurestoclimbsafely.18.Whatisamonbeginner’smistake?A.Tyingtheropeincorrectly.B.Tryingtoclimbtooquickly.C.Wearingahelmettooloosely.19.Whichskillwilltheclimbingcoursesteachyou?A.Howtochooseyourpartner.B.Howtogivemedicaltreatment.C.Howtofixclimbingequipment.20.Whatisthemaintopicofthetalk?A.Howtoclimbsafely. B.Howtoavoidmistakes. C.Howtotakeaclimbingcourse.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】Tomostpeople,rockclimbingseemscrazy.Youclimbupasteepwallofrockhundredsoffeetintheairwithonlyathinropeholdingyou.Butaretheclimbersreallydoingsomethingsodangerous?Thetruthisthatthesportismuchsaferthanitlooks.Therearefewerseriousaccidentsinrockclimbingeveryyearthaninfootballorrugby.That’sbecauseitisnothardtoclimbsafely.Oncesomeonetakesmeasurestoclimbsafely,thereisverylittleriskofequipmentfailure.However,partofclimbingsafelyinvolvesgoingwithanexperiencedpartner.Thatway,hecancatchyourmistakes.Somemonmistakesbeginnersmakearetyingaropeinthewrongway,ignoringyourpartnerwhenheisclimbing,andnotwearingyourhelmetinareaswithlooserock.Choosingtherightpartnerisimportant,andsoistakingagoodclimbingcoursewhenyoufirstlearnthesport.That’sbecauseyouneedtobeabletospotbadequipmentandunderstanddangerousclimbingconditions.Agoodcoursewillalsoteachyouhowtogiveafirstaid.Theseareallimportantskillsforsafeclimbing.Withthat,youcantrulybegintoenjoythisfunandactivesport.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APokémonDetectivePikachuPokémonDetectivePikachuisamysteryadventureinwhichhumanbeingsandPokémoncoexist.StarringRyanReynoldsasthevoiceofaPikachuwhocanspeaktoonlyonehuman,Tim(JusticeSmith),thestoryexploreshowthetwoteamuptolookintothesupposedlyaccidentaldeathofTim’sdetectivefather.There’sdefinitelysomeviolenceincludingaterriblecarcrashbutnothinggetsbloody.Themaincharactersarefrequentlyindanger,butnoonediesintheend.PlanetoftheApesIt’sdifficultenoughforyoutomakesenseofaplanetwherehumansareruledbytalkingapes,butwhenwefinallygetusedtotheconcept,theendingisreallybeyondourexpectation.Besides,thescenewhenastronautGeorgeTaylordiscoverstheremainsoftheStatueofLibertyintheoriginal1968filmisreallyshocking.TheVillageM.NightShyamalanisoneofthefewdirectorswhocouldgiveussomethingthiscleverandwildlyimaginative.Whileit’smonforsuspensefilmstorevealthatsomefundamentalaspectisn’twhatitappearstobe,inthisfilmsetina19thcenturyvillage,basicallynothingturnsoutasitappears.FightingClubThis1999hitfilmstarringEdwardNortonasanofficeworkerwhostartsanundergroundfightclubisn’ttheeasiestmovietofollow.Butthedramaticending,whichinvolvesexplodingbuildings,maybethemostshockingpartofall.Eachproductwefeaturehasbeenindependentlyselectedandbyoureditorialteam.Ifyoumakeapurchaseusingthelinksincluded,wemayearnmission.21.Whatsimilaritydothefourmoviesshare?A.A19thcenturysetting. B.Thesameactor.C.Anunpredictableending. D.Beingviolencethemed.22.Whichfilmwouldafanofsciencefictionprefer?A.PokémonDetectivePikachu B.PlanetoftheApes.C.TheVillage. D.FightingClub.23.Wheremaythetextefrom?A.Abrochure. B.Amagazine. C.Anewspaper. D.Awebsite.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了介紹四部結(jié)尾出人意料的電影。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Themaincharactersarefrequentlyindanger,butnoonediesintheend.(主要人物經(jīng)常處于危險(xiǎn)之中，但最后沒有人死亡)”、第二段“theendingisreallybeyondourexpectation.(結(jié)局真是出乎我們的意料。)”、第三段“Whileit’smonforsuspensefilmstorevealthatsomefundamentalaspectisn’twhatitappearstobe,inthisfilmsetina19thcenturyvillage,basicallynothingturnsoutasitappears.(懸疑電影通常會(huì)揭示一些基本的方面與表面上的不一樣，但在這部以19世紀(jì)的一個(gè)村莊為背景的電影中，基本上沒有什么事情像表面上那樣發(fā)生。)”和第四段“Butthedramaticending,whichinvolvesexplodingbuildings,maybethemostshockingpartofall.(但戲劇性的結(jié)局，包括爆炸的建筑物，可能是最令人震驚的部分。)”可知，四部電影的結(jié)尾都出人意料。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’sdifficultenoughforyoutomakesenseofaplanetwherehumansareruledbytalkingapes,(你很難理解一個(gè)人類被會(huì)說(shuō)話的猿類統(tǒng)治的星球)”可知，PlanetoftheApes《類人猿星球》，電影的主角是統(tǒng)治人類的會(huì)說(shuō)話的類人猿，是科幻片。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyoumakeapurchaseusingthelinksincluded,wemayearnmission.(如果您使用所包含的鏈接進(jìn)行購(gòu)買，我們可能會(huì)賺取傭金。)”可知，本文出自網(wǎng)站。故選D項(xiàng)。BIn2021,at64yearsold,MarleneFlowersenteredherfirstbodybuildingpetition.Oiled,andwearingabikini,shefoundherselfunderbrightlightsonstage,twistingtoshowoffhermusclesalongsidepeoplehalfherage.Flowershadanaturaltalentforfreestyleswimmingasachild,butstruggledwithherbodyimage.Selfconsciousandoftenshy,Flowerswentontomarryanddivorcetwice.“ItallaffectedmyselfesteemandIendedupwithaneatingdisorderformanyyears,”shesays.“ItwasgettingworseandworseuntilIwashospitalizedforissuesrelatingtomyweightlossat58.Thatwasmywakeupcall.”O(jiān)nceshehadbuiltupsomestrengthandwasdischarged,theyoungestofhertwosons,Ryan,encouragedFlowerstostarttakingcareofherbodythroughexerciseandtoseefoodasawayofkeepingfit.HedirectedhertowardshomeworkoutvideosandafternoticingthattheinstructorononeoftheDVDswasolderthanher,shedecidedtogiveitatry.Afterfiveyearsofhomeroutines,andslowlybuildingherconfidencebyworkingoutwithRyaneverydayinhislocalgym,Flowersstartedtogainmusclemass.“Iwantedtopushmyself,”shesays.“Ifeltstrongerandotherpeoplewouldeupandsaythattheywishedtheycouldhavegunslikemine!”Theplimentssparkedanidea.RyandecidedtofilmsomeoftheirsessionsanduploadthemtoTikTokandInstagram.AfteravideoofFlowerstwistingthosegunswentviral,hergrowingonlinefollowingfloodedheraccountswithpositivements.Shedecidedtoenterabodybuildingcontestasatargetaftershebecameaninternetcelebrity.Now67,Flowershaswonfourmorebodybuildingmedals,withmorethan1millionInstagramandTikTokfollowersandhasgainedsponsorshipfromclothingbrandYoungLA,makinghertheoldestsponsoredfemaleathleteintheUS.Shestillworksouteveryday,startingwitha10minuteabroutineand130pushupsathomebeforeheadingtothegymforatwohoursessionwithRyan,whohassincelefthisjobinbusinessdevelopmenttotrainhismotherfulltime.24.Whatdoes“wakeupcall”inparagraph2refertoaccordingtothepassage?A.Herexperienceinhospital. B.Herlackofselfconsciousness.C.Herstrugglewithbodyimage. D.Hereatingdisorderformanyyears.25.WhathasmainlycontributedtoFlowersbeingabodybuilder?A.Thevideogoingviral. B.TheinstructorononeoftheDVDS.C.Theguidanceofherson. D.Theplimentsfromotherpeople.26.WhydidFlowerskeepworkingoutafterthevideowentviral?A.TohelpRyandevelophisjob.B.ToinspireherInstagramandTikTokfollowers.C.Topeteinabodybuildingcontest.D.TogainsponsorshipfromclothingbrandYoungLA.27.WhichsayingbesthighlightsFlowers’slifestory?A.Turnlemonsintolemonade. B.It’snevertoooldtolearn.C.Asyousow,soshallyoureap. D.Nothingventured,nothinggained.【答案】24.A25.C26.C27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了64歲的MarleneFlowers重新出發(fā)成為健美明星的故事?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“ItwasgettingworseandworseuntilIwashospitalizedforissuesrelatingtomyweightlossat58.(病情越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重，直到我在58歲時(shí)因?yàn)轶w重減輕而住院)”可知，她在58歲因體重問(wèn)題住院的經(jīng)歷成了她的警鐘。由此可知，劃線詞組的意思是“住院經(jīng)歷”。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Onceshehadbuiltupsomestrengthandwasdischarged,theyoungestofhertwosons,Ryan,encouragedFlowerstostarttakingcareofherbodythroughexerciseandtoseefoodasawayofkeepingfit.(當(dāng)弗勞爾斯恢復(fù)了一些體力并出院后，她兩個(gè)兒子中最小的兒子瑞安（Ryan）鼓勵(lì)她開始通過(guò)鍛煉來(lái)照顧自己的身體，并將食物視為保持健康的一種方式)”可知，兒子的指導(dǎo)促使她成為一名健美運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shedecidedtoenterabodybuildingcontestasatargetaftershebecameaninternetcelebrity.(成為網(wǎng)紅后，她決定參加健美比賽作為目標(biāo))”可知，成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)名人后，她決定參加健美比賽。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“In2021,at64yearsold,MarleneFlowersenteredherfirstbodybuildingpetition.Oiled,andwearingabikini,shefoundherselfunderbrightlightsonstage,twistingtoshowoffhermusclesalongsidepeoplehalfherage.(2021年，64歲的馬琳·弗勞爾斯第一次參加健美比賽。涂了油，穿著比基尼，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己站在舞臺(tái)上明亮的燈光下，和年齡只有她一半的人一起扭動(dòng)著身體，展示著她的肌肉)”及最后一段“Shedecidedtoenterabodybuildingcontestasatargetaftershebecameaninternetcelebrity.Now67,Flowershaswonfourmorebodybuildingmedals,withmorethan1millionInstagramandTikTokfollowersandhasgainedsponsorshipfromclothingbrandYoungLA,makinghertheoldestsponsoredfemaleathleteintheUS.(成為網(wǎng)紅后，她決定參加健美比賽作為目標(biāo)?，F(xiàn)年67歲的弗勞爾斯又贏得了四枚健美獎(jiǎng)牌，在Instagram和TikTok上擁有超過(guò)100萬(wàn)的粉絲，并獲得了服裝品牌YoungLA的贊助，使她成為美國(guó)年齡最大的受贊助女運(yùn)動(dòng)員)”可推知，“活到老學(xué)到老”能突出弗勞爾斯的人生故事。故選B項(xiàng)。CThehistoryoftheWestisnotwhatyoulearnedinschool.Theideaofcivilizationisrelativelyrecent.Thewordwasfirstusedonlyinthemid18thcenturyanddidnottakeholdofWesternimaginationsuntilthelate19thcentury.Inthatimperialistage,historiansfoundthatGreekandRomancivilizationmadenicebuildingblocksthatcouldbestackedintoagrandlookingconstruct,whichtheylabeled“Western”O(jiān)r“European”civilization.Tothistheyattributed(歸因)manyinherited“classical”virtues:vigor,rationality,justice,democracyandcouragetoexperimentandexplore.Othercivilizations,bycontrast,wereregardedasinferior.Oddsarestrongthatyoufirstbecameawareoftheterm“WesternCivilization”throughanintroductorysurveycourseincollegeorAPhistoryinhighschool.Andyou’velivedyourlifesincethenbelievingthat“theWest”boasts“amonoriginresultinginasharedhistory,asharedheritage,andasharedidentity”groundedintheclassicaleraofGreeceandRome.Scholarsalmostalwaysreferto“theWest”whentheymakemajorstatementsaboutthefutureoftheglobe.Well,thefactisthatthereisnosuchthingastheWest.Onemightprotest:“theWest”is“aCivilization”!If“theWest”canevenbecalledaCivilization,thenitistheleastoriginal“Civilization”inhistory.Itisprettywidelyacknowledgedthatvirtuallynobasictechnologieswere,strictlyspeaking,inventedinEuropeortheUnitedStates.Metalwork,theplow,hydrocarbonfuels,highermathematics,paper,windpoweredseanavigation,thepass,powder,andsteamenginesallcamefromelsewhere.Intermsofthecrucialagriculturalproductsthatfeedeveryoneinthemodernworld,too,noneoriginatedinEurope.SomepeoplethinkofWesterncultureandvaluesasbeingcharacterizedbydemocracy,liberalism,enlightenment,scientificprogressandindividualism.Theyseeitasabirthrighttobepassedonfromgenerationtogenerationthroughtheages.However,cultureandvaluesareoptionstobemadeactively,not“trackslaiddownbyaWesterndestiny”.Ratherthanbeingirritatingandinwardlooking,mostsocietieshaveprovedreceptivetoideas,fashionsandtechnologiesfromtheirneighbors.28.Whatcanwelearnabout“WesternCivilization”?A.Itdatesbacktothe19thcentury.B.Mostpeoplearetaughttobelieveinit.C.Itreferstomostdesirable“classical”virtues.D.IttookrootintheclassicaleraofGreeceandRome.29.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheoriginalityof“WesternCivilization”?A.Negative. B.Favorable C.Doubtful. D.Unclear30.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatcontributestoWesterncultureandvalues?A.Culturalinfluences. B.Socialprogress.C.Positivechoices. D.Generationalinheritance.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitle?A.Whatis“WesternCivilization”? B.From“West”to“WesternCivilization”.C.“WesternCivilization”,Superiorcivilization! D.Thereisnosuchthingas“WesternCivilization”.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。作者用層層推進(jìn)的演繹推理論證了根本沒有所謂的西方文明?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oddsarestrongthatyoufirstbecameawareoftheterm“WesternCivilization”throughanintroductorysurveycourseincollegeorAPhistoryinhighschool.Andyou’velivedyourlifesincethenbelievingthat“theWest”boasts“amonoriginresultinginasharedhistory,asharedheritage,andasharedidentity”groundedintheclassicaleraofGreeceandRome.(很有可能你第一次接觸到“西方文明”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)是通過(guò)大學(xué)的入門概論課程或高中的大學(xué)先修課程歷史。從那以后，你一直生活在這樣的觀念中，即“西方”擁有“共同的起源，從而產(chǎn)生了共同的歷史、共同的遺產(chǎn)和共同的身份”，而這一切都扎根于希臘和羅馬的古典時(shí)代。)”可知，很多人在學(xué)校被教導(dǎo)并相信西方文明，故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“If‘theWest’canevenbecalledaCivilization,thenitistheleastoriginal‘Civilization’inhistory.(如果“西方”甚至可以被稱為一種文明，那么它是歷史上最缺乏原創(chuàng)性的“文明”。)”可知，作者對(duì)西方文明的原創(chuàng)性持否定態(tài)度，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,cultureandvaluesareoptionstobemadeactively,not‘trackslaiddownbyaWesterndestiny.Ratherthanbeingirritatingandinwardlooking,mostsocietieshaveprovedreceptivetoideas,fashionsandtechnologiesfromtheirneighbors.’.(然而，文化和價(jià)值觀是需要積極做出的選擇，而不是“由西方命運(yùn)鋪設(shè)的軌道”。事實(shí)證明，大多數(shù)社會(huì)并不是令人惱火和內(nèi)向的，而是樂于接受來(lái)自鄰國(guó)的思想、時(shí)尚和技術(shù)。)”可知，是積極的選擇促成了西方文化和價(jià)值觀，故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Well,thefactisthatthereisnosuchthingastheWest.(嗯，事實(shí)是沒有所謂的“西方”。)”可知，主要圍繞西方文明是否存在展開討論，D項(xiàng)“Thereisnosuchthingas“WesternCivilization”.(沒有“西方文明”這樣的東西。)”最能概括全文，故選D項(xiàng)。DBatteriesaregettingsmaller,lighterandmorepowerful.Somepersonalelectronics,forexample,suchasfitnesstrackersthatmonitorhealthconditionsorbrainputerimplantsthatdecodeneuralsignalstocontrolelectronicprosthetic(義肢的)devices,requiremoreclosecontact.Beingunabletoflexasskinandtissuedoesmakesbatteriesbothunreliableandunfortabletowear.Anumberofapproachesarethereforebeingtakentoproduceflexiblebatteries,amongwhichthemostpromising,though,arewaterbasedbatteriesinspiredbythewayanelectriceel(鰻)storesitscharge.AgroupattheUniversityofCambridgehasusedtheeel’stechniquetoeupwithwhatitcalls“jellybatteries”.Thesearemadefromhydrogels(水凝膠)thatconsistoforganicpolymersthatcontainover60%water.Whereasmostbatteriesexperiencealossofconductivityifthematerialisbentorstretched,ajellybatterycanbestretcheduptooneandahalftimesitslengthwithnopowerloss.Jellybatteriesworkinmuchthesamewaythatbiologicalprocessesproduceelectricity.Theyrelyonthedifferentconcentrationsofelectricallychargedparticles,tocreateadifferenceinelectricalpotential,whichinturnproducesavoltage.Tiny,though,Jellybatteriescanincreasetheiroutputbybeingconnectedtogether.Anotherfeatureofthejellybatteryisthatthestrongmolecularbondsthatletthepolymersstretchalsoallowthematerialtorepairitselfveryquicklyifitisbroken.AChineseresearchgrouphasalsofoundencouragingresultswithaselfhealinghydrogelbattery.TheyrecentlyreportedinNanoResearchEnergythattheirbatterycouldsustainahighlevelofbendingandtwisting,andevenifbrokententimeswasstillcapableofselfhealing.Besideswearableandimplantabledevices,anotherpotentialmarketforstretchablebatteriesissoftrobotics.Foronething,stretchyponentswouldbesafertooperateamongpeoplethantherigidpartsofconventionalrobots.Theycouldalsohelppowerprostheticdevices,suchasglovesthatallowstroke(中風(fēng))victimstomovetheirhands.Allthisshouldprovideplentyofideasforwearableinnovations.32.Whatdrivespeopletoproduceflexiblebatteries?A.Popularityofwearabledevices. B.Inspirationfrombiologicalnature.C.Limitationsoftraditionalbatteries. D.Higherrequirementtoclosecontact.33.Whatmakesajellybatterysoftandflexible?A.Itsponent. B.Itsconductivity. C.Itsstructure. D.Itsconcentration.34.Howcanhydrogelbatteriesproduceenoughpower?A.Throughvoltagedifference. B.Throughconnectioninseries.C.Byconnectingapowersource. D.Throughvariousamountsofchargedparticles.35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Todescribehowbatteriesareimproved. B.Toshowthedifferencesbetweenbatteries.C.Topromotetheadvantagesofjellybatteries. D.Tointroducestretchableandwearablebatteries.【答案】32C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者通過(guò)介紹傳統(tǒng)電池在某些應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景中無(wú)法發(fā)揮作用引入話題，介紹了果凍電池的優(yōu)勢(shì)、工作原理、特點(diǎn)和未來(lái)的可能性。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Beingunabletoflexasskinandtissuedoesmakesbatteriesbothunreliableandunfortabletowear.Anumberofapproachesarethereforebeingtakentoproduceflexiblebatteries,amongwhichthemostpromising,though,arewaterbasedbatteriesinspiredbythewayanelectriceel(鰻)storesitscharge.(由于無(wú)法像皮膚和組織那樣彎曲，電池既不可靠又佩戴起來(lái)不舒服。因此，人們正在采取多種方法來(lái)生產(chǎn)柔性電池，其中最有前途的是受電鰻儲(chǔ)存電荷方式啟發(fā)的水基電池。)”可知，普通電池延展性差，無(wú)法穿戴的缺陷促使大家研究新的電池，故選C項(xiàng)。33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thesearemadefromhydrogels(水凝膠)thatconsistoforganicpolymersthatcontainover60%water.Whereasmostbatteriesexperiencealossofconductivityifthematerialisbentorstretched,ajellybatterycanbestretcheduptooneandahalftimesitslengthwithnopowerloss.(由含有超過(guò)60%水分的有機(jī)聚合物組成。如果材料彎曲或拉伸，大多數(shù)電池會(huì)失去導(dǎo)電性，而果凍電池可以拉伸到其長(zhǎng)度的一倍半，而不會(huì)損失電量。)”可知，果凍電池柔軟有彈性是因?yàn)樗怯?0%水分的有機(jī)聚合物組成，也就是說(shuō)果凍電池的成分使指柔軟有彈性，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Tiny,though,Jellybatteriescanincreasetheiroutputbybeingconnectedtogether.(不過(guò)，小巧的果凍電池可以通過(guò)連接在一起來(lái)增加其輸出。)”可知，水凝膠電池可以通過(guò)串聯(lián)增壓，故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及第二段“Beingunabletoflexasskinandtissuedoesmakesbatteriesbothunreliableandunfortabletowear.Anumberofapproachesarethereforebeingtakentoproduceflexiblebatteries,amongwhichthemostpromising,though,arewaterbasedbatteriesinspiredbythewayanelectriceel(鰻)storesitscharge.(由于無(wú)法像皮膚和組織那樣彎曲，這使得電池既不可靠又戴著不舒服。因此，人們正在采取多種方法來(lái)生產(chǎn)柔性電池，其中最有前途的是受電鰻儲(chǔ)存電荷方式啟發(fā)的水性電池。)”可知，文章主要介紹了柔性電池的發(fā)展背景、原理和應(yīng)用前景，特別是水凝膠電池的特點(diǎn)和潛在用途。因此，作者的目的是介紹可伸展和可穿戴的電池技術(shù)，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whetheryoulikeitornot,fallishere.Soontheweatherwillgetcolder.Theleaveswilldieandthenightswillstretchlongerthanthedays.Anotheryearisdying;that’sjusthowitgoes.Studiessuggestthatifyouaredeeplypreoccupiedwithyourthoughts,intheautumn,youmaybeatmoreriskfordepressioninthewinter.Changingtheclocksinthefallisassociatedwithdepressiveepisodes(changingthembackinspringisnot).___36___Psychologistssaythatthefeelingsthatoftencropupinautumnefromourdisfortwithchange,andananxietyanduncertaintyaboutwhatthatchangewillbring.___37___Andofthesethingstheanxiety,thepromiseandeventhecarefulthoughts—makeittheidealseasontobuildresilienceandpracticemindfulness.Psychologistshavealsofoundthatthethoughtofchange,theendingofonething,thebeginningofanother,andperhapsourownmortality,underliesagreatdealofanxiety.Someofusstrugglewith“intoleranceofuncertainty,”morethanothers.Butintoleranceofuncertaintyisapartofbeinghuman;everyonehasitonsomelevel.___38___Onewaytobuildtoleranceistoleanintoit—tocultivateuncertaintyratherthanrunningawayfromit.___39___Quietlysitonaparkbenchandwatchatreedropitsleaves,forinstance,examinetherosesinthegardenthatneedpruning...insuchmoments,it’simportanttostopthinking,analyzing,orhavinginternalconversationsaboutworkortroublesorevenwhateveryouarewitnessing.Autumnwillprobablyholdsomewhisperofdecayandmortality.___40___Ifyouarealwaystryingtoavoiddifficultfeelings,youmightendupalsocuttingyourselfofffromlove,richnessandsweetness.Dr.Wilsonsaid,“thisishowlifeis:sweetandsad,pouredfromthesamevesselinequalmeasure.”A.Anditischangeable.B.Butitisnotthatbad.C.Butembracingthatsadnessisimportant.D.Morerecently,it’sbeeatimetoappreciateoursurroundings.E.Fallalsobringswithitbright,briskdays,pumpkinpatchesandcozysweaters.F.Itisnowonderthattheseasonhassomanycelebr