新高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)考向39 讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之如何巧妙設(shè)置結(jié)尾(原卷版)

考向39讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之如何巧妙設(shè)置結(jié)尾在讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)中，與開(kāi)頭一樣，文章的結(jié)尾也是相當(dāng)重要的。成功的結(jié)尾，能使讀者更深入、更透徹地理解文章內(nèi)容，進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的主旨。精彩的結(jié)尾，能喚起讀者的思考與共鳴，增強(qiáng)文章的感染力。以2020浙江高考7月卷讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)的尾句構(gòu)思舉例如下：▲第一段首句：銜接第一段段首語(yǔ)Afewminuteslater,thebearheadedbacktoourcamp.思考：被噴霧刺痛眼睛的北極熊是什么樣的？思路：此時(shí)的北極熊肯定被激怒了，所以會(huì)更猛烈地襲擊圍欄。所以，銜接第一段的段首語(yǔ)可以從描寫(xiě)北極熊開(kāi)始，用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭，如Angeredbythespray,thebeargreeteduswithahowlofrage.▲第一段尾句：銜接第二段段首語(yǔ)Atthatverymoment,thehelicopterarrived.思考：thatverymoment是什么時(shí)刻？思路：在第一段的結(jié)尾，可設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)最危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)刻，此時(shí)北極熊馬上要破欄而入，呼應(yīng)thatverymoment，這樣銜接最流暢?？山柚鷶M人化的手法，如Suddenly,thebearhadtornanarrowopeninginthefencewhichwouldcollapsesoonandwitnessthebeartearusintopieces.▲第二段首句：銜接第二段段首語(yǔ)Atthatverymoment,thehelicopterarrived.思考：聽(tīng)到直升機(jī)的聲音，夫婦二人會(huì)做何反應(yīng)？思路：他們應(yīng)該會(huì)馬上跑回營(yíng)地，聯(lián)系飛行員?？衫脛?dòng)作細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行描寫(xiě)，如Hearingthehelicopter,weranbacktothecampswiftly,andradioedoursaviorinatremblingvoice.▲第二段尾句：這個(gè)尾句應(yīng)呼應(yīng)原文主旨以使續(xù)寫(xiě)部分結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。思考：在本篇故事中，夫婦二人的旅行目的是拍攝北極熊，那么遭遇北極熊襲擊圍欄的他們，能達(dá)到目的嗎？這樣的經(jīng)歷會(huì)給他們留下什么？思路：故事的結(jié)局是二人獲救了，但關(guān)于是否成功拿到北極熊的照片，可以有不同的設(shè)計(jì)：也許在直升機(jī)用噪音嚇走北極熊的時(shí)候，夫婦拍下了終生難忘的珍貴照片；也許在與北極熊周旋的過(guò)程中冒險(xiǎn)拍下。如利用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，進(jìn)行描寫(xiě)并回扣原文主題。Grabbingthecamera,Idashedoutandsnappedvaluablepicturesoftheescapingbear,makingthetripunforgettableforthewholelife.一、結(jié)尾完形方法1：利用意外反轉(zhuǎn)諷刺現(xiàn)實(shí)【典例賞析】《項(xiàng)鏈》（莫泊桑）小說(shuō)以“項(xiàng)鏈”作為線(xiàn)索貫穿全文。主人公瑪?shù)贍柕聻榱藚⒓右粋€(gè)舞會(huì)，向朋友借了一條鉆石項(xiàng)鏈。舞會(huì)上，她大出風(fēng)頭，卻樂(lè)極生悲，無(wú)意中丟掉了項(xiàng)鏈。為了賠償，她整整十年拼命勞作，省吃?xún)€用，不顧一切地還債。當(dāng)債務(wù)終于還清，她卻得知這條項(xiàng)鏈原來(lái)是假的。十九世紀(jì)八十年代的法國(guó)，政府貪污風(fēng)行，唯利是圖的道德觀(guān)念影響到整個(gè)社會(huì)，很多人貪慕上流社會(huì)的生活。小說(shuō)通過(guò)這樣一個(gè)巧妙設(shè)置的故事，尖銳諷刺了那種虛榮心和追求享樂(lè)的思想，同時(shí)，對(duì)受盡生活愚弄的主人公又寄寓了深切的同情。結(jié)尾部分：MadameForestierhadhalted.“Yousayyouboughtadiamondnecklacetoreplacemine?”“Yes.Youhadn'tnoticedit?Theywereverymuchalike.”Andshesmiledinproudandinnocenthappiness.MadameForestier,deeplymoved,tookhertwohands.“Oh,mypoorMathilde!Butminewasimitation.Itwasworthattheverymostfivehundredfrancs!...”二、結(jié)尾完形方法2：利用意外反轉(zhuǎn)傳遞深情厚誼【典例賞析】《最后一片葉子》（歐·亨利）《最后一片葉子》（TheLastLeaf）是歐·亨利短篇小說(shuō)作品中具有代表性的一篇，亦采用小人物作為主角，歌頌偉大的人性關(guān)懷。小說(shuō)中，青年畫(huà)家瓊珊得了肺炎，她消極地認(rèn)為當(dāng)窗外墻上最后一片常春藤葉被吹落時(shí)，她的生命就會(huì)消逝。當(dāng)樓下窮困而不得志的老“畫(huà)家”貝爾曼聽(tīng)到這件事后，冒著暴雨在墻上畫(huà)出了一片永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)凋落的常春藤葉，讓瓊珊重新燃起了生命的希望，自己卻因此染病去世。作者通過(guò)描寫(xiě)萍水相逢的普通人之間的關(guān)懷，刻畫(huà)了一個(gè)舍己為人的畫(huà)家形象。在作者心中，美好心靈造就的作品才是不朽的杰作。結(jié)尾部分：“Ihavesomethingtotellyou,whitemouse,”shesaid.“Mr.Behrmandiedofpneumoniatodayinthehospital.Hewasillonlytwodays.Thejanitorfoundhimthemorningofthefirstdayinhisroomdownstairshelplesswithpain.Hisshoesandclothingwerewetthroughandicycold.Theycouldn'timaginewherehehadbeenonsuchadreadfulnight.Andthentheyfoundalantern,stilllighted,andaladderthathadbeendraggedfromitsplace,andsomescatteredbrushes,andapalettewithgreenandyellowcolorsmixedonit,and—lookoutthewindow,dear,atthelastivyleafonthewall.Didn'tyouwonderwhyitneverflutteredormovedwhenthewindblew？Ah,darling,it'sBehrman'smasterpiece—hepaintedittherethenightthatthelastleaffell.”“我有些話(huà)要告訴你，小丫頭，”她說(shuō)，“貝爾曼在醫(yī)院里去世了。他害肺炎，只病了兩天。頭天早上，看門(mén)人在樓下的房間里發(fā)現(xiàn)他痛得要命。他的鞋子和衣服都濕透了，冰涼冰涼的。誰(shuí)也想不出，在那樣可怕的夜里，他去了什么地方。后來(lái)，他們找到了一盞還燃著的燈籠，一把從別處拖來(lái)的梯子，還有幾支散落的畫(huà)筆，一塊調(diào)色板，上面和了綠色和黃色的顏料，還有——看看窗外，親愛(ài)的，看看墻上最后的一片葉子。你不是覺(jué)得納悶，刮風(fēng)的時(shí)候它為什么不飄不動(dòng)嗎？啊，親愛(ài)的，那是貝爾曼的杰作——那晚最后一片葉子掉落時(shí)，他畫(huà)在了墻上。”三、結(jié)尾完形方法3：利用蘊(yùn)藏哲理再現(xiàn)悲劇情節(jié)【典例賞析1】《品質(zhì)》（約翰·高爾斯華綏）小說(shuō)《品質(zhì)》（Quality）以現(xiàn)代機(jī)器工業(yè)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)手工業(yè)的沖擊為背景。作者以第一人稱(chēng)的視角，講述了鞋匠蓋斯勒兄弟在商業(yè)化大潮中仍然堅(jiān)持自己的經(jīng)營(yíng)理念，用最好的皮料、最細(xì)致的手工打造完美皮靴的故事。蓋斯勒兄弟一生都在制鞋，從不打廣告，也不考慮能賺多少利潤(rùn)，卻因?yàn)榇蠊緦?duì)市場(chǎng)的侵蝕減少了生意，入不敷出，最終難以維持生計(jì)直至被餓死。小說(shuō)的結(jié)尾震撼人心，流露出了作者對(duì)傳統(tǒng)手工業(yè)者的懷念與惋惜之情。作者用他細(xì)致入微的描寫(xiě)為我們展現(xiàn)了殘酷的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，揭示了在這個(gè)適者生存的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中理想與現(xiàn)實(shí)的矛盾。故事結(jié)尾：“Thatmaybeabitflowery,asthesayin'is—butIknowmyselfhewassittin'overhisbootsdayandnight,totheverylast.YouseeIusedtowatchhim.Nevergave'imselftimetoeat;neverhadapennyinthehouse.Allwentinrentandleather.HowhelivedsolongIdon'tknow.Heregularlethisfiregoout.Hewasacharacter.Buthemadegoodboots.”“Yes,”Isaid,“hemadegoodboots.”AndIturnedandwentoutquickly,forIdidnotwantthatyouthtoknowthatIcouldhardlysee.“這樣說(shuō)也許有點(diǎn)兒夸張——但是我自己知道，他從早到晚坐在那里做靴子，一直做到最后的時(shí)刻。你知道，我往往在旁邊看著他。他從不給自己吃飯的時(shí)間，店里連一塊錢(qián)都沒(méi)有，所有的錢(qián)都用在房租和皮革上了。他怎么能活到這么久，連我也莫名其妙。他經(jīng)常斷糧。他是個(gè)怪人，但是他做的靴子都頂好?！薄笆堑?，”我說(shuō)，“他做的靴子都頂好。”我隨即立刻轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)了，我不想讓那個(gè)年輕人看到我已經(jīng)模糊了的雙眼?！镜淅p析2】《快樂(lè)王子》（奧斯卡·王爾德）《快樂(lè)王子》（TheHappyPrince）這一則文學(xué)作品繼承了王爾德童話(huà)題材故事中的“犧牲”主題。王爾德擅長(zhǎng)以最唯美的方式表達(dá)毀滅與死亡。他首先在故事中創(chuàng)造了兩個(gè)人間芳物：美麗的小燕子與滿(mǎn)身黃金、身嵌寶石的快樂(lè)王子。這兩個(gè)角色本來(lái)生活在無(wú)憂(yōu)無(wú)慮的溫柔鄉(xiāng)中，覺(jué)得人間處處是陽(yáng)光，卻無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)真實(shí)的世界實(shí)際上充滿(mǎn)了痛苦與不堪。在這樣的落差之下，這兩個(gè)生命決定犧牲自己的美好，以解除蕓蕓眾生的痛楚。最終，曾經(jīng)最美麗華貴的生命殘損破敗，在垃圾堆中結(jié)束了自己的一生。作者通過(guò)描寫(xiě)快樂(lè)王子身上顏色從金黃到灰色，地位從市中心廣場(chǎng)高大的塑像到垃圾堆里的廢物這一反差，描繪了一幅凄涼的場(chǎng)景。而在童話(huà)末尾，作者筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，從人間上升到了上帝層面，以上帝的口吻贊頌了這兩個(gè)外表丑陋，而內(nèi)在偉大的生命個(gè)體，反映了作者認(rèn)為精神美高于形式美的價(jià)值觀(guān)?！犊鞓?lè)王子》的情節(jié)頗具佛教精神特色，與喬達(dá)摩·悉達(dá)多王子到世間去體驗(yàn)苦難，最終成佛的故事異曲同工，均深刻探討了毀滅與重生的相互關(guān)系。該作品在童話(huà)題材的包裝下觸及了人性與哲學(xué)問(wèn)題，體現(xiàn)了作者深刻的文學(xué)思想。故事結(jié)尾：“Whatastrangething!”saidtheoverseeroftheworkmenatthefoundry.“Thisbrokenleadheartwillnotmeltinthefurnace.Wemustthrowitaway.”Sotheythrewitonadust-heapwherethedeadSwallowwasalsolying.“Bringmethetwomostpreciousthingsinthecity,”saidGodtooneofHisAngels;andtheAngelbroughtHimtheleadenheartandthedeadbird.“Youhaverightlychosen,”saidGod,“forinmygardenofParadisethislittlebirdshallsingforevermore,andinmycityofgoldtheHappyPrinceshallpraiseme.”“多么稀奇的事！”鑄像廠(chǎng)的工頭說(shuō)，“這顆裂開(kāi)的鉛心在爐子里竟不能熔化。我們只能把它扔掉?！彼麄儽惆阉拥搅死牙?，死去的燕子也躺在那兒?！鞍殉鞘欣镒钫滟F的兩件東西拿給我，”上帝對(duì)他的一位天使說(shuō)。于是天使就把鉛做的心和死去的鳥(niǎo)兒給上帝帶了回來(lái)?！澳愕倪x擇對(duì)極了，”上帝說(shuō)，“因?yàn)樵谖疫@天堂的花園里，這只小鳥(niǎo)可以永遠(yuǎn)地放聲歌唱，而在我那黃金城堡中，快樂(lè)王子可以盡情地贊美我。”四、結(jié)尾完形方法4：利用自然發(fā)展烘托溫馨浪漫【典例賞析1】《小女孩》（凱瑟琳·曼斯菲爾德）《小女孩》（TheLittleGirl）是一則講述父女情的故事。在小女孩凱齊婭的心中，爸爸是個(gè)威嚴(yán)、高大的人，她因此很怕他，與他說(shuō)話(huà)的時(shí)候支支吾吾。一次，她在奶奶的鼓勵(lì)下為爸爸縫制生日禮物，無(wú)意中剪碎了他重要的演講稿，讓爸爸勃然大怒。凱齊婭很傷心，想到隔壁麥克唐納家慈祥的父親，心中就隱隱作痛。直到有一天媽媽生病，家中只留下了凱齊婭和爸爸，她因?yàn)楹ε潞诎担隽素瑝?mèng)，沒(méi)想到平時(shí)不茍言笑的爸爸將她抱進(jìn)了懷中，安慰她入睡?！缎∨ⅰ肥且黄湫偷穆狗茽柕伦髌?，它截取日常的生活片段，刻畫(huà)出其中細(xì)膩豐富的感情，讀來(lái)令人心醉。故事結(jié)尾：Thenthedarkdidnotmatter;shelaystill.“Here,rubyourfeetagainstmylegsandgetthemwarm,”saidfather.Tiredout,hesleptbeforethelittlegirl.Afunnyfeelingcameoverher.Poorfather!Notsobig,afterall—andwithnoonetolookafterhimHewasharderthanthegrandmother,butitwasanicehardnessAndeverydayhehadtoworkandwastootiredtobeaMr.MacdonaldShehadtornupallhisbeautifulwritingShestirredsuddenly,andsighed.“What'sthematter?”askedfather.“Anotherdream?”“Oh,”saidthelittlegirl,“myhead'sonyourheart;Icanhearitgoing.Whatabigheartyou'vegot,fatherdear.”“來(lái)，把你的腳放在我腿上蹭蹭，這樣能暖和些?！卑职终f(shuō)。他困極了，比小女孩先入睡。一種奇怪的感覺(jué)占據(jù)了她的頭腦?？蓱z的爸爸呀！他其實(shí)不是那么高大，也沒(méi)有人來(lái)照看他。他是要比奶奶嚴(yán)厲些，但也不是不好。每天他都要去工作，太累了，不能像麥克唐納先生那樣。一想到自己將他那些漂亮的文章都給扯碎了，她便一下子轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身子去，嘆了口氣?！斑@是怎么了？”爸爸問(wèn)道，“又做夢(mèng)了？”“噢，”小女孩說(shuō)，“我的頭在你的胸口，我能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你心跳的聲音。我親愛(ài)的爸爸，你的心可真大啊?！薄窘Y(jié)尾評(píng)析】《小女孩》將嚴(yán)父與女兒之間的愛(ài)寫(xiě)到了極致。凱瑟琳·曼斯菲爾德從她的兒時(shí)生活中提取了大量素材：她出身于有名望的家庭，父親曾任職新西蘭銀行主席，被授予勛爵，在她兒時(shí)，父親長(zhǎng)期在外為公事忙碌，做公共演講是常有的事。可能曼斯菲爾德筆下小女孩與父親的微妙關(guān)系，便是她對(duì)自己兒時(shí)情況的真實(shí)記錄。曼斯菲爾德善于描寫(xiě)女性細(xì)膩的情感，而幾歲小女孩的動(dòng)作心思也被她拿捏得準(zhǔn)確到位。父親在小女孩的心中常以一個(gè)巨人的形象出現(xiàn)，這樣的設(shè)定，不僅符合現(xiàn)實(shí)中小孩子心里父親們普遍的高大形象，也表現(xiàn)出了父親在主人公心中的威嚴(yán)。在受到父親責(zé)罵后，小女孩在沒(méi)有開(kāi)燈的房間里獨(dú)自哭泣，連從百葉窗縫隙里透過(guò)來(lái)的光線(xiàn)看起來(lái)都像是一幅悲傷的圖畫(huà)，許多少女在受到委屈后都有類(lèi)似的體驗(yàn)吧！一句“這個(gè)世界上為什么要有爸爸呢”是小女孩在受到父親責(zé)罵以后最童真、最令人心痛的問(wèn)話(huà)。作家蕭乾說(shuō)，讀《小女孩》就像是“聽(tīng)一闋德彪西的音樂(lè)詩(shī)，感到淡淡的哀愁，又好像一只毛茸茸的爪子，在輕輕地?fù)现业男摹！毕嘈疟姸嘧x者的心也同樣被小女孩的天真愁緒深深打動(dòng)?！镜淅p析2】《畫(huà)冊(cè)的一頁(yè)》（凱瑟琳·曼斯菲爾德）在小說(shuō)《畫(huà)冊(cè)的一頁(yè)》（Feuilled'Album）中，作者大量地使用了象征手法，勾勒出了一幅恬淡雋永的初戀水彩畫(huà)卷，使小說(shuō)充滿(mǎn)了現(xiàn)代主義的氣息。作者熟練地運(yùn)用意識(shí)流的手法描寫(xiě)少年的情竇初開(kāi)：“他的心也從畫(huà)室的側(cè)窗跌了出去，落到了對(duì)面房子的陽(yáng)臺(tái)上——埋在了那盆花苞半開(kāi)、綠葉似矛的水仙花花盆里了”，也讓主人公想象兩人在一起的時(shí)光：“她脾氣暴躁，他們有時(shí)吵得很厲害”，當(dāng)他第一次要去見(jiàn)她時(shí)，感覺(jué)到“一切都籠罩在那可愛(ài)的粉紅色的光暈中”。在作者的筆下，少年青澀的模樣生動(dòng)活潑、躍然紙上。該作品的文字基調(diào)基本是明快的，而其核心卻是孤獨(dú)、敏感的。主人公獨(dú)自居住在樓頂，沒(méi)有人能進(jìn)入他的房間，與他對(duì)話(huà)的就是自己的日記本。女孩也是孤獨(dú)的，她和害病的母親住在一起，每天都重復(fù)做著同樣的活來(lái)維持生計(jì)。這兩個(gè)人都與巴黎的繁華與浮夸格格不入，少年之所以認(rèn)為自己找到了伙伴，是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)于孤獨(dú)的執(zhí)著與偏愛(ài)。少年向女孩表現(xiàn)自己愛(ài)慕的方式也十分含蓄，他只是跟隨著她，到了最后才鼓起勇氣遞給了她一個(gè)雞蛋。這是一種在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中可貴也可愛(ài)的含蓄。作者筆下處處透露著對(duì)孤獨(dú)的偏愛(ài)，也表現(xiàn)了她不受大眾審美的影響，孤獨(dú)追求藝術(shù)理想的態(tài)度。弗蘭奇正是作者自我形象的寫(xiě)照。故事結(jié)尾：ButnowshewasonherwayhomeandhewasasfaroffaseverShesuddenlyturnedintothedairyandhesawherthroughthewindowbuyinganegg.Shepickeditoutofthebasketwithsuchcare—abrownone,abeautifullyshapedone,theonehewouldhavechosen.Andwhenshecameoutofthedairyhewentinafterher.Inamomenthewasoutagain,andfollowingherpasthishouseacrosstheflowermarket,dodgingamongthehugeumbrellasandtreadingonthefallenflowersandtheroundmarkswherethepotshadstoodThroughherdoorhecrept,andupthestairsafter,takingcaretotreadintimewithhersothatsheshouldnotnotice.Finally,shestoppedonthelanding,andtookthekeyoutofherpurse.Assheputitintothedoorheranupandfacedher.Blushingmorecrimsonthanever,butlookingatherseverelyhesaid,almostangrily:“Excuseme,Mademoiselle,youdroppedthis.”Andhehandedheranegg.但是現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)在回家的路上，他還像先前那樣離她那么遠(yuǎn)。她突然轉(zhuǎn)身進(jìn)入了乳品店，他隔著窗戶(hù)看見(jiàn)她正在買(mǎi)雞蛋。她格外小心地從筐里挑選了一個(gè)出來(lái)——一個(gè)棕色的、有著漂亮形狀的雞蛋，若是他，也會(huì)挑這個(gè)。當(dāng)她走出乳品店之后，他走了進(jìn)去。隨即他又走了出來(lái)，跟著她走過(guò)他的屋子，穿過(guò)了花市，避開(kāi)一個(gè)個(gè)大傘，踏著掉落的花和花盆留下的圓印。他悄悄地走進(jìn)了她家大門(mén)，跟著她上樓，小心謹(jǐn)慎地選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)跟隨，讓她不至于發(fā)覺(jué)。終于，她在樓梯平臺(tái)停了下來(lái)，從錢(qián)包里取出鑰匙。就在她把鑰匙插進(jìn)房門(mén)的時(shí)候，他跑了上來(lái)，站在她面前。他的臉從來(lái)沒(méi)有這樣紅過(guò)，但他嚴(yán)肅地看著她，近乎生氣地說(shuō)道：“抱歉，小姐，你落下了這個(gè)?！彼f給了她一個(gè)雞蛋。五、結(jié)尾完形方法5：用平凡和偉大再現(xiàn)英雄和悲壯【典例賞析1】《最后一課》（阿爾封斯·都德）小說(shuō)《最后一課》（TheLastLesson）在表現(xiàn)普法戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這一主題時(shí)，并未正面描寫(xiě)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷場(chǎng)面，也沒(méi)有突出普魯士侵略者的驕橫暴戾和法國(guó)人民的英勇無(wú)畏，而是將視線(xiàn)聚焦到了阿爾薩斯省一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的一堂普普通通的法語(yǔ)課上，以一個(gè)學(xué)齡孩子的感觸，反映了法國(guó)最普通的民眾對(duì)自己國(guó)家深厚的情感。故事的主角并不是個(gè)出色的學(xué)生，他愛(ài)去田野里玩耍不愛(ài)去學(xué)校，上課也經(jīng)常開(kāi)小差，覺(jué)得外面的世界比課堂有趣。但在普魯士人的政令公布之后，這個(gè)調(diào)皮學(xué)生的心態(tài)在一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地發(fā)生變化——他發(fā)現(xiàn)老師教的內(nèi)容竟然很容易聽(tīng)懂，并且還希望自己能有更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)得更加深入，他甚至還開(kāi)始體貼地察言觀(guān)色，理解老師的良苦用心。文章在詳細(xì)描述主人公的轉(zhuǎn)變時(shí)，也帶出了其他學(xué)生、甚至小鎮(zhèn)居民們的轉(zhuǎn)變——滿(mǎn)教室只聽(tīng)見(jiàn)筆在紙上沙沙作響，不識(shí)字的老居民也攤開(kāi)課本認(rèn)真地學(xué)習(xí)拼寫(xiě)。作者通過(guò)截取主人公、學(xué)生和那些居民面對(duì)國(guó)家危難的這一小片段，以小見(jiàn)大，展示了愛(ài)國(guó)精神在一個(gè)普通人心中引起的強(qiáng)烈化學(xué)反應(yīng)，深刻地反映了法國(guó)上上下下的民眾在國(guó)難之際的面貌。故事結(jié)尾：Suddenlythechurchclockstrucktwelve.ThentheAngelus.AtthesamemomentthetrumpetsofthePrussians,returningfromdrill,soundedunderourwindows.M.Hamelstoodup,verypale,inhischair.Ineversawhimlooksotall.“Myfriends,”saidhe,“myfriends,...I...I...”Butsomethingchokedhim;hecouldnotfinishthesentence.Hereturnedtotheblackboard,tookapieceofchalk,andwroteinlargeletters,“VIVELAFRANCE.”Thenhestoodleaningagainstthewall,unabletospeak.Hesignedtouswithhishand.“Thelessonisover.Youaredismissed.”忽然，教堂的鐘敲了十二下，祈禱的鐘聲也響了。普魯士士兵的號(hào)聲也從窗外傳了進(jìn)來(lái)——他們也操練完了。韓麥爾先生從椅子上站了起來(lái)，臉色蒼白。我從沒(méi)有覺(jué)得他這樣高大。“我的朋友們，”他說(shuō)，“我……我……”但是他哽咽了，他沒(méi)法說(shuō)完那句話(huà)。他走到了黑板前，拿起了一支粉筆，寫(xiě)了幾個(gè)大字：“法蘭西萬(wàn)歲?！比缓笏繅φ局?，一句話(huà)也不說(shuō)。他向我們做了一個(gè)手勢(shì)：“放學(xué)了。你們走吧?！薄镜淅p析2】《空中騎士》（阿爾封斯·都德）《空中騎士》（AHorsemanintheSky）講述了美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期發(fā)生的一個(gè)震撼人心的故事。主人公卡特·德魯斯出生于弗吉尼亞，父親是富裕的農(nóng)場(chǎng)主，他卻因?yàn)榕c父親政治觀(guān)點(diǎn)不同而加入了北方聯(lián)盟軍。在一次值勤中，卡特發(fā)現(xiàn)一名南方軍隊(duì)的騎兵前來(lái)刺探軍情，此人竟然就是他的父親，卡特在強(qiáng)烈的心理斗爭(zhēng)之后，決定履行自己的職責(zé)，扣動(dòng)了扳機(jī)，將父親的坐騎打落山崖。作者詳細(xì)地描繪了復(fù)雜、險(xiǎn)要的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)地形，運(yùn)用內(nèi)心獨(dú)白和懸念設(shè)置等手法，剖析了主人公在職責(zé)與親情之間的痛苦抉擇，使該故事具有獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)和思想魅力?？ㄌ厥ジ赣H后的冷靜在讀者的心中造成了強(qiáng)烈的震撼。作者沒(méi)有正面描寫(xiě)主人公的悲痛，只是寥寥幾筆就勾勒出了在軍人職責(zé)抑制之下那呼之欲出的喪親之痛，使故事具有強(qiáng)烈的藝術(shù)性和巨大的感染力。故事結(jié)尾：“Ahorse.Itwasstandingonyonderrock—prettyfarout.Youseeitisnolongerthere.Itwentoverthecliff.”Theman'sfacewaswhite,butheshowednoothersignofemotion.Havinganswered,heturnedawayhiseyesandsaidnomore.Thesergeantdidnotunderstand.“Seehere,Druse,”hesaid,afteramoment'ssilence,“it'snousemakingamystery.Iorderyoutoreport.Wasthereanybodyonthehorse?”“Yes.”“Well?”“Myfather.”Thesergeantrosetohisfeetandwalkedaway.“GoodGod!”hesaid.“一匹馬。它站在山崖上，距離很遠(yuǎn)。你看，現(xiàn)在那匹馬不在了，它跌下了山崖?！彼哪樕n白，但除此以外，并沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出任何的情緒。答完話(huà)之后，他便轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)臉去，不愿再說(shuō)一句了。那中士有些不明白?！奥?tīng)著，德魯斯，”他沉默了片刻，說(shuō)道：“沒(méi)必要搞得神秘兮兮的。我命令你如實(shí)匯報(bào)。那馬上面有人嗎？”“有。”“誰(shuí)？”“我的父親。”中士站起身來(lái)，走開(kāi)了。“我的天??！”他說(shuō)?！緳z測(cè)訓(xùn)練】1.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Mydad'slifeseemedtypicalofhisgeneration.HegraduatedfromhighschoolduringtheDepressionandworkedforalargecompany.Heenlisted(入伍)in1941,servedinthePacificandEurope.Onreturning,hemetmymother,marriedandhadthreechildren.Becauseofthejob,heneededtocontinuehiseducation.Withhisfull-timejobandattendingtohisfamily,heattendedcollegeintheeveningandobtainedhisdegree.Askids,weknewwhatDadtoldus.DuringcoldwintershesympathizedwithunfortunatekidsinjustT-shirtandshorts.HewassaddenedbychildrenwithnothingundertheChristmastree.Helovedkidsandschoolsandhewantedtospreadkindnesstoeveryoneinneedofhelp,sohewasalwaysreadytogiveahandtopeoplehemet.Withusthreekidsonourown.DadandMomretiredandcametoFlorida.TwoyearslaterMomdied,in1980.Fromthattime.Dadgotintothehabitofwalkingaroundhishouse.Healsotriedgolfbutfailedtobecomeaddictedtoit.AlthoughitwashardtimeforDad,hedidn'tgiveupthehopeoflife.Hedecidedtodosomethingmeaningfultosociety.Thenhesawanadrequestingliteracy(讀寫(xiě)能力)volunteers.Dadhelpedsomechildren,whowerehomelesslearntoreadandwrite.Healsohelpedanoldmanlearntoreadbecausehisliteratewifewasgoingblind.Hetoldusheevenwantedtobeateachertohelpmorepeople.Astimepassed,Dadhadsomehealthproblems.Hislegsbecameweakandhestartedtohavetroubleinsleeping.Mybrother,myyoungersisterandIcametolookafterhim,tellinghimtostopdoingthevolunteerworkandhavearestathome.However,hewassostubbornthathedisagreedwithusandinsistedonhisdecision.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Beforelong,Dadmadehisdreamcometrue._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Oneyearlater,somethingsurprisinghappened._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段.使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheWilsonswerehavingdinner.ThefoodwasleftfromtheirThanksgivingdinnertwodaysbefore:turkeysoupandturkeymeatmixedwithpotatoes.Eleven-year-oldAngelinaasked,“Arewehavingturkeyicecream,too?”Herfatherreplied,“Angelina,haveyouforgottenthatIhadnojobforawholeyear?NowIhaveworkagain.Youshouldbeverythankful.”“I’msorryIsaidthatabouttheturkey!ButunlessIgetanewdress,IwillnotlookgoodfortheChristmasFestival.”Angelinamurmured.TheFestivalwasthewinterholidaycelebrationofagroupshebelongedto:theAvalonGirls’ServiceClub.Theywrotecheerfulcardsforhospitalpatients.Theycookedmealsforthehomeless.ButtheChristmasFestivalwasdifferent.Thegirlsworepartyclothesandmanypeoplecametoseethemperform.Angelinahadonlyaplaingraydressthatshehadworntotheeventlastyear.Andnowitwasalittletooshort.Angelinaappealedtoherparentstobuyoneforher,abeautifulreddressinForbes’Store.Hermothersighed,“Well,wecannotbuyit.Wehavetobecareful.YouneverknowwhenImightlosemyjob.”Allhopewasnotgone.TherewasasignintheForbesstorewindowthatsaid“l(fā)ayaway(分期付款)”.Angelinapulledtenworndollarbillsfromhercoatpocket.Sherantothestoreandbeggedthesalesperson,Mrs.Harding,tohold‘her’dressforher.“Ok.Butyoumustcomebackintwoweekstopaytherest.”Angelinafeltlikejumpingintotheair.ShewassohappythatshetoldMrs.HardingabouttheAvalonServiceClub’sworkanditsChristmasparty.Then,Angelinashookandsufferedinthecoldwindlookingforwork.Finally,Angelinagotajobmakingnewclothingfordolls.Angelinawasexcellentatsewing.Sureenough,thedolls’dressesturnedoutbeautiful.Shegottwentydollars.Still,shewasfarfromhavingenoughmoneyforherdress.Shefelthelplessasthefinalpaymentdatearrived.ShereturnedsadlytoForbes’Store,“Idon’thaveenoughmoneyforthedress.”ThenshesawMrs.Harding’seyeswerered.Shelookedlikeshehadbeencrying.Shesaidthestorewasclosingandshewaslosingherjob.注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。Paragraph1:Suddenly,Mrs.HardingsaidshewouldpaytherestofthemoneysoAngelinacouldhaveit.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Outside,AngelinasawamanwholookedlikeSantaClauswasaskingpeopleformoneytohelppoorpeople.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。18-year-oldSadiyawasborninDeora,asmallvillageineasternIndia,butmovedtothecityofMumbaiwhenshewas3.In2020,whenthepandemic(疫情)brokeout,herfather’ssmallbusinesswasforcedtoclosetemporarilyandthefamilyreturnedtoherancestralvillagetowaitoutthepandemic.However,itgreatlyshockedherwhenshefoundthatattendingschoolwasuncommoninDeora，wherealmosthalfofthevillagerscouldn’tread.Unabletoaffordtextbooks,manyfamiliesoftenwithdrewtheirchildrenfromschools.Theydidn’twishtoeducatetheirchildren，manyofwhomhadtoworkinthefieldswithparentsthoughsomehadthedesiretoread.Sadiya,thecollegegirlwithastrongsenseofsocialresponsibility,hasbeentryingtoseizeopportunitiestoopendoorsforothers.FluentinHindi,Urdu,andEnglish,sheoftenspeaksatinter-collegeeventsontherighttoeducationandenjoysahighreputationamongcollegestudents.Usedtotakingonchallenges,Sadiyawasdeterminedtodosomethingforthechildren.OnedaylastJuly,Sadiyasatdownwithherfamilyeldersandproposedtheideaofsettingupalibrary”.Manyshooktheirheadsindisagreement—thiswasn’thowayounggirlshouldspendhertime.Aftermanydiscussions,Sadiyafinallyconvincedthemandgainedaccesstoherrelative’sguesthouse，mendingitwith$67thatshe’dwoninpublic-speakingawards.Shetookthehelpofheruncle,Akbar,andcousin,Nawaz,andgottowork.Wallswererepainted，thebambooroofwasrepairedandlightsandbookshelveswerefixed,andtheroomwasfilledwithchairsandalongtable.Vividchartsstuckonthewalls—fromanatomy(解剖)totransportation,lightenedthespace.Lookingatthenewly-decorated“l(fā)ibrary”,Sadiyacouldn’tholdbackherexcitementwhileimaginingthechildrenreadingbooksherebylight.Allwasreadyexceptbooks.SowhatSadiyawasdesperatetodonextwasfilltheshelveswithbooks.Shedrewonallhersavingsandpurchasedmanybookssuitableforchildrenonline.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Butthesebookswerefarfromenough.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Witheverythingready，thelibraryfinallyopened.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasAugust.Wewereonvacation,justmysix-year-oldsonKevinandI,formyhusbandwasalwaysbusy.Havingdrivenfromourhomeinthecitytoaremoteandpeacefulplace,wewouldn’tseefriendsorfamily—itwouldbeanice,safe,sociallydistancedweekaway.WehadhikedabouthalfmiletoanattractivespotcalledDiana’sBaths,whichaffordedvisitorsanexpanseoftransparentwater.Thewaterflowsandthenfallsoffaseriesofbigflatstones,makingitselfasmallwaterfall,about7incheshigh.Severalcouplesandtheirkidsinswimsuitswereplayingtotheirheart’scontentinthewater.Wejoinedthem.Iwatchedassomeyoungerparentsnervouslydrovetheirbabiesawayfromthestonesedges.Fast-movingwatermadestandingtherequitedangerous,forIsawacertainkidwithcurlyhairmissedastepandalmostfelldown.Theairwasfullofshoutsandlaughter.IfeltsoluckythatIdidn’talwaysneedtofixmyeyesonmyson.Kevincouldnavigatehisphysicalspacewithmoreconfidenceandcare.ButIwasstillterrifiedwhenIsawKevinjumpbetweentheslipperyrocks.Butwiththepassingoftime,Isoonrelaxed,andwewerebothhavingfun,mykidsplashingandkickinginthecoolwater,laughingheartilyasIputmyheadunderthecoldrunningwater.Thensecondslater,everyfearI’deverhadrosetothesurface.Iliftedmyhead,turnedandsawKevinsittingbetweentwostones,withtherushingwaterflowingaroundhim.Icouldseehewasshakingsometimesbecauseofthewaterrapids.Iyelledathimtogetout.HeyelledbacksomethingthatIcouldn’thear.注意:1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Suddenlyhedisappearedinfrontofmyeyes.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhenKevinreturnedtonormal.Ilearnedthewomanwasanurse.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。IthasbeenthreemonthssinceMs.SuejoinedaprimaryschooltoteachEnglish.Shewasgraduallylearningtounderstandallherstudentsbutone,Bob.Hewastheonlyboywhocametoschooldresseduntidilyandsatintheclasscompletelylostinhisownworld.Hisperformancehadbeengettingsteadilyworsewitheverysingleday.ItwasyetanotherdaywhenallthestudentsintheclasslaughedatBobbecausehewasunabletoanswereventhesimplestquestionsSueaskedhim.Attheendofthelessonwhenallthestudentsleft,Ms.SuesearchedthroughtheprogressreportsonBobinhispreviousclasses.ShewasshockedtoseethatBobusedtobethetopofhisclass.ShelookedovereverypageofthereportandfoundoutthatBob’sperformancehadbeguntoslowlydeclinewhenhismotherfellill.Afewmonthsdowntheline,Bobwasdoingbadlyineachandeverysubject.Later,hismotherdiedonMother’sDay,leavinghimalonewithhisfather,whowasabusinessmanandhadtotravelfrequently.Apartfromhisperformanceworseningsteadily,Bob’snaturebegantochange,too.Thereportsclearlysaidhehadforgottentolaughandshowednointerestinanyactivity.Hebegantostayalone.Allhisfriendshadabandonedhim.TearsfilledMs.Sue’seyes.Thenextday,whileallthestudentswereleavingtheclassroom,sheaskedBobtostaybehind.Bobsatonhischairquietly.Aftertheclassroomwasempty,Ms.Suewentuptohim.Shebegantoaskhimifhehadanyproblemunderstandingthelessons.Gradually,shebegantomakehimfeelmorecomfortablesothathecouldtalkandshare.Afterthreeweeks,shefoundBobgraduallyimproving.Hewasabletoanswerthequestionshehadpreviouslyfailedtoanswer.Everydayafterallthestudentslefttheclassroom,Ms.SuespentsometimewithBobandgavepersonalattentiontohim.注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好。Paragraph1Bobimprovedalotoverthenextsemester._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2OnSundaymorning,curious,Ms.Sueopenedtheboxandsawhalfabottleofperfumeandaletter._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Everythingaboutmovingdaywasapuzzle.Ididn'tknowanythingaboutournewbuildingonanewstre