2024-2025學年新教材高中英語課時素養(yǎng)評價十二Unit4MeetingthemuseUsinglanguage含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE十一Unit4UsinglanguageⅠ.單句語法填空1.Itissaidthattraditionalschoolsarechallenged(challenge)byalternativeschools.2.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotswept(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,whereitremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生長)throughit.3.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed(disappoint).4.Mytaskistoclean(clean)theclassroomthisafternoon.

5.Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted(promote),Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.

6.Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstayingconnected(connect).7.Thechildrenwillgetconfused(confuse)ifaskedtolearntoomuchatatime.8.Pleaseremainseated(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.9.Wegotalittlesunburnt(sunburn),butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn’tmind.10.Thespeechwassoinspiring(inspire)thattheywereallexcited.Ⅱ.選詞填空1.Iwasverysurprisedtohearthathegotbadlyinjuredinamotorcaraccident.(injure,injured)2.Lucywasdressedinill-fittingmannishclothes;herhairwaswet;herfacewasdirty.(dressed,dressing)3.TheWHOchiefsays,“TheperformanceoftheChinesepeopleinfightingagainstCOVID-19isencouraging.”(encouraged,encouraging)4.Combinatorialtheoryiswidelyregardedasthemostdelightfulbranchofmathematics.(delighted,delightful)5.Ifindstampcollectingveryrelaxingandittakesmymindoffmywork.(relaxed,relaxing)6.Bosswasannoyedtofindthatcoffeewasnotready.(annoyed,annoying)7.Headdedthisexplanationbecauseofhiswife’spuzzledlook.(puzzled,puzzling)8.Thesurprisedlookinhisfacesuggestedthathehadn’tbeentoldthetruthbefore.(surprised,surprising)9.It’sdifficulttopumpfactsandfiguresintotiredstudents.(tired,tiring)10.Asthestormwasapproaching,thefishermenwerethreatenedbydangersofthemostperilousnature.(threatened,threatening)Ⅰ.閱讀理解When45-year-oldRandyPauschwasdiagnosedwithpancreatic(胰腺的)cancer,hechosetofocusonlivingratherthandying.AsacomputerscienceprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,Pauschwasaskedtodelivera“l(fā)astlecture”.Thiswell-knowncampustraditionallowedprofessorstoshareworldlywisdomwithstudentsasiftheyweredyingandhadonelastlecturetogive.TheonlydifferenceinPausch’scaseisthatPauschreallywasdying,butitonlymotivatedhimmore.Hedeliveredhislastlecture,“ReallyAchievingYourChildhoodDreams”onSept.18,2007.Pauschbeganbysharingseveralofhisboyhooddreams,someofwhichhehadachievedandtheothershehadn’t.Hedescribedtheimportanceofhavingdreamsandhowanyonecanstilllearnalotbyreachingforthosedreams,eveniftheydon’talwayssucceed.Hesharedthevalueslearnedthroughexperience,whichhehopedtopassontoothershardwork,laughterandgratitude,honesty,character.Pausch’slastlecturereceivedagreatdealofpraiseandattention.ItbecameacrazyYouTubehit,andinOctober2007,hepresentedanabridged(刪節(jié)的)versiononTheOprahWinfreyShow.Heturnedthelectureintoabookbythesamename,whichquicklybecameabest-seller.Readersweredeeplymovedbythebook’srepresentationofPausch’slifelongphilosophyandthewayitrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren.PauschpassedawayonJuly25,2008,buthisvoicelivesonintherecordedlectureandhisbook.Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的蘭迪·波許教授做最終的演講,激勵我們不要放棄自己的幻想。1.WhywasPauschaskedtogivehis“l(fā)astlecture”?A.Toteachthestudents.B.Tomakehimhaveabetterhead.C.Tocurehiscancer.D.Toachievehisdream.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段可知,波許被要求做一次最終的演講是為了與學生們共享世俗的才智,也就是為了教化學生們,故A項正確。2.WhatwasPausch’slecturemainlyabout?A.Hisprivatelifeinboyhood.B.Havingdreamsandgoodvalues.C.Thereasonforhissuccess.D.Theexperiencelearnedfromothers.【解析】選B。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段可知,波許在演講中講解并描述了擁有幻想的重要性以及通過追求幻想學到的努力、誠懇、樂觀和感恩等,也就是說他的演講主要是關(guān)于擁有幻想和良好的價值觀,故B項正確。3.WhichofthefollowingmotivatedPauschmost?A.Hisdreams.B.Hischildren.C.Hiswork. D.Hisstudents.【解析】選B。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“itrevealedthebiggestsourceofhismotivation—histhreeyoungchildren”可知,波許的三個孩子給他的動力最大,故B項正確。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.KeeponDreamingB.TheMeaningofLifeC.MotivationfromLifeD.GivetheLastLecture【解析】選A。標題歸納題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,特殊是最終一段中的“Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams—asourceofinspirationthatcanneverrundry.”可知,本文講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的波許教授做一次最終的演講,激勵我們不要放棄自己的幻想,故A項正確?！痉椒记伞课恼聵祟}形式的主旨大意難度在于被選選項肯定要具有高度的概括性,因此抓住主題句的關(guān)鍵詞很重要,例如本篇第4題,依據(jù)最終一段中的“Hecontinuestomotivateusallbyencouragingustonevergiveupourchildhooddreams”可知,本文講解并描述了身患胰腺癌的波許教授做一次最終的演講激勵我們不要放棄自己的幻想,因此文章標題肯定要體現(xiàn)出堅持幻想,故A項(堅持幻想)最能概括出文章內(nèi)容。Ⅱ.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Byhand,hecreatesworlds1._________castlesflyintheskyandprincessesprotecttheEarth.HayaoMiyazakiisoftencalled“Japan’sWaltDisney”and2._________(think)tobetheworld’sgreatestlivinganimatorbymany.OnNov.8of2014,theanimationmasterwashonoredwithaLifetimeAchievementOscaratGovernorsAwards.TheGovernorsAwardhasbeen3._________annualeventsince2009,andusedtobepartoftheAcademyAwardsceremony.4._________(produce)classicssuchasMyNeighborTotoroandtheoscar-winningSpiritedAwayduringhispastfive-decadecareer,Miyazaki5._________(win)theheartsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.6._________(fortune)forhisfans,Miyazakiannouncedhisretirementin2013.Butthereissomegoodnews.InaninterviewwithTheAssociatedPress,hesaidheplannedtocontinuemakinganimation7._________hedied.Miyazakiadmittedthatitwouldbe8._________(challenge)forhimtomakelongmovies.Butheisturningtoanimatedshortsinstead.Sowhatistheanimationhe’s9._________(current)workingon?It’saboutsamurai(武士)inthe16thcentury,wearingfullarmor(盔甲),battlingitoutwitheachother.

That’ssomething10._________Miyazakifanstolookforwardto.

【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了常被稱為“日本的華特·迪士尼”,被很多人認為是世界上最宏大的在世動畫師宮崎駿。1.【解析】where?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞worlds,且先行詞在從句中作地點狀語,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。2.【解析】thought。考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句中主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,且依據(jù)上文HayaoMiyazakiisoftencalled“Japan’sWaltDisney”and可知此處應(yīng)填過去分詞。故填thought。3.【解析】an?？疾楣谠~。event為可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞,且annual為元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an。4.【解析】Producing?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知produce在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式,與邏輯主語Miyazaki構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Producing。5.【解析】haswon?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。句意:在過去50年的職業(yè)生涯中,宮崎駿制作了《龍貓》和奧斯卡獲獎影片《千與千尋》等經(jīng)典影片,贏得了全世界數(shù)百萬人的心。依據(jù)上文duringhispastfive-decadecareer可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語為Miyazaki,助動詞用has。故填haswon。6.【解析】Unfortunately?？疾楦痹~。修飾后文整個句子應(yīng)用副詞unfortunately,作狀語。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Unfortunately。7.【解析】until?？疾檫B接詞。句意:在接受美聯(lián)社采訪時,他說他安排接著制作動畫直到去世。此處為時間狀語從句,表示“直到……”應(yīng)用until。故填until。8.【解析】challenging?？疾樾稳菰~。依據(jù)上文itwouldbe可知,應(yīng)填形容詞challenging作表語,表示“挑戰(zhàn)的”。故填challenging。9.【解析】currently?？疾楦痹~。修飾后文動詞work應(yīng)用副詞currently,表示“目前”。故填currently。10.【解析】for。考查介詞。句意:對于宮崎駿迷們來說,這是他們所期盼的。結(jié)合句意此處表示“對于”應(yīng)用介詞for。故填for。Ⅲ.完形填空(2024·日照高二檢測)For28seniorslivinginisolation(隔離)sinceMarch17,2024,attheTresFigueirashomeinRioGrandeinBrazil,Mother’sDaycameandwentwithoutanyvisitors.Thelovingstaffnoticedtheir1wereatanall-timelow.Thatwasbecausetheirfriendsandlovedonescouldn’t2theminperson.

But,thecarehomehas3acreativesolution,allowingseniorstoconnectwiththeirlovedoneswhilestillkeepingthemsafefrom4.

“Wenoticedthatourseniorresidentswerefeeling5,”RubiaSantos,thecarehome’sadministratortoldCNN.“Wethoughttheywouldbemuchhappierifwefoundawayforthemto6theirrelatives.”

Sotheyputtheirheadstogetherandcreatedthe“hugtunnel”.Madeofthickplasticsheeting,thehugtunnelhasarmholesfor7andresidentstowraptheirarmsaroundthepersonstandingontheother8.

Theplastichasarmholesatthreedifferent9toaccommodatechildrenandthosein10.

Itgivespeopletheopportunitytofeelthe11ofhumancontactwithoutriskingcominginto12withthecoronavirus.

The13camefromavideoshowingawomanintheUShugginghermotherusingaplasticcurtainwitharmenclosures(環(huán)繞)inthebackyard.

Itiscatchingfirearoundtheworld,14elderlyfolkswiththeirlovedonesinthemostheartwarmingway.Loveis15.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。本文講解并描述了巴西一家養(yǎng)老院搭建“擁抱通道”,幫助老人們解決新冠疫情期間由于缺乏親人的關(guān)懷而引起的心情低落問題。1.A.emotions B.pressuresC.spirits D.tempers【解析】選C。依據(jù)上文可知28位獨居的老人在母親節(jié)這天沒有任何訪客,所以心情低落。表示“心情低落”的短語為lowspirits。故選C。2.A.interview B.tendC.love D.visit【解析】選D。句意:那是因為他們的摯友和親人不能親自去探望他們。依據(jù)上文可知老人因為沒有摯友和親人來探望(visit)他們而心情低落,故選D。3.A.putupwith B.comeupwithC.caughtupwith D.keptupwith【解析】選B。putupwith忍受;comeupwith想出;caughtupwith入迷;keptupwith趕上。依據(jù)后文賓語acreativesolution可知是“想出(comeupwith)”一個創(chuàng)建性的解決方案。故選B。4.A.infection B.influenceC.damage D.embarrassment【解析】選A。句意:但是,養(yǎng)老院想出了一個創(chuàng)建性的解決方案,允許老年人與他們所愛的人聯(lián)系,同時還能保證他們的平安,不被感染。依據(jù)第一段中For28seniorslivinginisolation可知隔離就是為了不受到感染。故選A。5.A.anxious B.gladC.sad D.regretful【解析】選C。句意:養(yǎng)老院的管理員RubiaSantos告知CNN:“我們留意到我們的老年居民都很難受?！币罁?jù)第一段中wereatanall-timelow可知管理人員留意到老人們心情低落,都很難受。故選C。6.A.accompany B.patC.kiss D.hug【解析】選D。句意:“我們認為,假如我們能找到方法讓他們擁抱自己的親人,他們會更快樂?！币罁?jù)后文Sotheyputtheirheadstogetherandcreatedthe“hugtunnel”.可知是想方法讓老人和親人擁抱。故選D。7.A.gardeners B.leadersC.visitors D.travelers【解析】選C。句意:擁抱隧道由厚的塑料薄膜制成,上面有手臂孔,訪客和居民可以用手臂環(huán)繞站在另一邊的人。依據(jù)后文andresidents可知是指訪客和居民可以擁抱彼此。故選C。8.A.endB.sideC.edgeD.hand【解析】選B。依據(jù)上文的描述,老人們的家人前來探視,他們和老人之間隔著一層塑料薄膜,薄膜兩側(cè)的人們可以隔著塑料薄膜擁抱,故選B。9.A.weights B.heights C.angles D.degrees【解析】選B。句意:這種塑料臂上有三個不同高度的孔,以適應(yīng)兒童和坐輪椅的人。依據(jù)后文accommodatechildrenandthosein可知為了適應(yīng)不同人的身高,這種塑料臂上有三個不同高度的孔。故選B。10.A.wheelchairs B.bedsC.cars D.prison【解析】選A。依據(jù)文章背景可知故事發(fā)生在養(yǎng)老院,最有可能是指坐在輪椅上的人,其他選項不符合語境。故選A。11.A.enthusiasm B.effectC.warmth D.courage【解析】選C。句意:它讓人們有機會在不接觸冠狀病毒的狀況下感受與人接觸的暖和。依據(jù)后文ofhumancontact可知是指感受與人接觸的暖和。故選C。12.A.contact B.forceC.power D.use【解析】選A。依據(jù)后文withthecoronavirus可知是指接觸冠狀病毒,comeintocontactwith“接觸”。故選A。13.A.project B.idea C.step D.move【解析】選B。句意:這一想法來自一段視頻,視頻中,一位美國女子在后院中用帶扶手的塑料簾子擁抱她的母親。依據(jù)其次段中acreativesolution可知本句是在說明“擁抱通道”這個想法的來源。故選B。14.A.combining B.communicatingC.comforting D.connecting【解析】選D。combining結(jié)合;communicating溝通;comforting勸慰;connecting連接。依據(jù)其次段中allowingseniorstoconnectwiththeirlovedones可知“擁抱通道”用最暖和的方式把老人和他們的親人聯(lián)系起來。故選D。15.A.bouncing B.rewardingC.sharp D.limitless【解析】選D。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知,即使是在隔離的狀況下,人們也想出了“擁抱通道”的方法,來暖和彼此,說明愛是沒有限制的。故選D?！狙a償訓(xùn)練】(2024·東營高二檢測)Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtopredictwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.Researchersreportthesystemisabletopredictlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30-kilometerarea.Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge,itcanbedestructiveanddeadly.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm(算法),whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest-ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime.“Itcannowbeusedanywhere,”theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject.Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,transferringlightnin