2025屆高考英語二輪復習專項解密15閱讀理解之詞義猜測題含解析

解密15詞義揣測題序號題型真題Part1解密高考考點綜述備考建議Part2對點解密考點精準說1...真題對點析1...對點模擬練1...Part3強化集訓真題模測、典題模測Part1解密高考【考點綜述】詞義揣測是應用英語的重要實力，也是高考中必考的題型。它不但須要精確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，駕馭或相識較多的課外詞匯。考生應學會通過構詞、定義、同位、對比、因果、常識、同義、反義及上下文線索等確定詞義?！緜淇冀ㄗh】依據高考對詞義揣測題的要求，考生應當留意運用釋義法、對比法、相像法、語境推斷法及構詞推斷法解答此類題，并在復習中應當從以下幾方面做起：1.依據閱讀材料所供應的信息，結合中學生應有的常識和閱歷，正確推斷生詞詞組的含義或成熟詞，在特定語境中表達的詳細含義以及一些句子的意思。2.揣測詞義的詞一般為實詞及其詞組，留意通過構詞、定義、對比、因果、聯想、上下文等線索確定詞 義的詳細內容。3.代詞復指理解題也是揣測詞義的?？碱愋?。用＂邏輯關系梳理法＂、＂遞向尋蹤法＂理清人物及事物 之間的邏輯關系是關鍵所在。4.留意其【設問形式】1.Theunderlinedword＂…＂inthesecond(third…)paragraphrefersto(means)______.2.Bysayingthat＂…＂inthefirst(second…)paragraph,theauthormeansthat______.3.Inparagraph…,＂…＂canbereplacedby＂______＂.4.Themeaningof＂…＂inparagraph…isrelatedto______.5.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto…(paragraph…)?6.Theunderlinedsentenceinthe…paragraphprobablymeansthat_____.Part2對點解密【考點精準說】1----→相像法利用同義詞、近義詞（詞組）或相像的結構揣測詞義。在生詞所出現的上下文中，有時會出現與之同義或近義的詞語或結構，這時可從熟識的詞語中推知生詞的含義。統稱在詞或短語之間有并列連詞and或or，這些詞語或短語在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or連接的兩項內容在含義上是接近的或遞進的，由此確定同等關系中的某個生詞所屬的義域，甚至推出它的大致詞義。【真題對點析】1（2024·浙江高考真題）......ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome....17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Increasedlengthofgreenlights. B．Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C．Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals. D．Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.【答案】C指代揣測題。That位于其次段句首，應是指代第一段的內容。依據第一段內容尤其是第一段最終一句“Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.(就像交通本身一樣，信號燈的時間也會改變)”可知，第一段主要講解并描述的是信號燈的時間會敏捷改變；“Thatisbydesign.”意為“那是有意為之”，由此可推知，That指代第一段中“信號燈的敏捷時間”。故選C項?！緦c模擬練】1…Fermat’sLastTheorem（定理）,firstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFermatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistswhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcolePolytechnique.…65.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword“baffle”asitisusedinthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletoraisequestions.B.Tocausedifficultyinunderstanding.C.Toprovideapersonwithanexplanation.D.Tolimitpeople’simagination.【答案】B【解析】由句中不難看出Fermat的定理使得最具有數學頭腦的科學家費盡心機（beat），并且在句中beaten和baffled處于同等的并列關系，依據這一信息可以推出baffle表示“使困惑、難倒、難以理解”的意思?！究键c精準說】2--→對比法利用文中的反義詞以及表對比關系的詞（組）揣測詞義。對比是描述，說明事物的常用方式。在對比中，對比的事物是互為相反的，因此依據反義或對比關系可從已知推出未知。利用反義詞來說明生詞的意義，如反義詞hotandcold,perfectandimperfect，甚至前、后句為確定與否定或是與不是等，在句內詞與詞之間，在段內句與句之間的關系上起著互為線索的作用。表示對比的信號詞有yet,but,while,though,however,otherwise,ontheonehand...ontheotherhand,foronething...foranotherthing,insteadof等?！菊骖}對點析】2（2024·全國高考真題）AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A．Bigeaters. B．Overweightpersons.C．Pickyeaters. D．Tallthinpersons.【答案】D【分析】詞義揣測題。依據前半句“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份）”可知，現有的探討認為：你應當避開和體重較重、點大份飯菜的人一起吃飯。后半句認為，你真正應當避開的是thebeanpoleswithbigappetites。由contraryto可推斷出，畫線詞和heavierpeople（超重的人）相反，結合選項，D選項（瘦瘦高高的人）正好和heavierpeople正好相反。故選D?！緦c模擬練】2…Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.…74.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”probablymean?A.Apartydesignedbyspecialists.B.Aplanrequiringcarefulthought.C.Asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble.D.Ademandmadebyguests.【答案】C【解析】依據前句的否定doesn’t與后句的確定canbe這一對比關系，可以推斷出，為了慶祝孩子的生日，又不至于麻煩，可以買一個生日快樂包。Hassle的意思應當與fun相反，而與difficulty,trouble相近。答案為C。【考點精準說】3----→釋義法有些文章，特殊是科技文章，通常會對一些關鍵詞賜予定義，我們可以利用定義來揣測這些詞的意思。釋義法就是依據文章中的字里行間，對生詞以定語（從句）、表語甚至用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出并加以說明說明的方式。常見的詞有：mean,thatis,inotherwords,forexample,forinstance,suchas...【真題對點析】3（2024·江蘇高考真題）Forthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth....9．Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A．digestthemealeasily B．managewithoutbreakfastC．decidewiselywhattoeat D．eatwhateverisoffered【答案】B詞句揣測題。依據下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前熬煉可能比先吃飯再熬煉對健康更有益，因此推斷這里說的是那些不吃早飯先熬煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項“不吃早飯能應付”意思相近。故選B。【對點模擬練】3“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,”Goldsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(農藥),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocally(本地)grownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.62.Whatisthemeaningof“theorganictrend”asthewordsareusedinthetext?A.Growinginterestinorganicfood.B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.C.Risingmarketfororganicfood.D.Higherpricesoforganicfood.【答案】A【解析】由Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingsomething可以推斷出，越來越多的顧客像Gold一樣起先購買有機食物，其實也就是對這類食物產生了越來越深厚的愛好。答案為A?！究键c精準說】4---→語境推斷法任何一篇文章中的句子在內容上都不是確定孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有關。利用上下文供應的情景和線索，進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進而推想詞義，是閱讀過程中的一大關鍵，這也是近年來高考考查的熱點。1．依據對比關系揣測詞義在一個句子或段落中，有對兩個事物或現象進行對比性的描述，我們可以依據生詞的反義詞揣測其詞義。表示對比關系的詞匯和短語主要有：unlike,not,but,however,despite,inspiteof,incontrast等。表示對比關系的句子結構：while引導的并列句。例如：Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂hassle＂(paragraph1)probablymean?A.apartydesignedbyspecialistsB.aplanrequiringcarefulthoughtC.asituationcausingdifficultyortroubleD.ademandmadebyguests依據對比關系，這里hassle和abasketoffun是相反的意義，很簡單推斷理解題的答案為C。2．依據比較關系揣測詞義同對比關系相反，比較關系表示意義上的相像關系。表示比較關系的詞和短語主要有：similarly,like,justas,also,aswellas等。例如：Greenlovestotalk,andhisbrothersaresimilarlyloquacious.該句中副詞similarly表明短語lovestotalk和loquacious之間的比較關系，其意義相近。由此我們可推斷出loquacious的意思是＂健談的＂。3．依據因果關系揣測詞義在句子或段落中，若兩個事物現象之間構成因果關系，我們可以依據這種邏輯關系推想生詞詞義。例如：Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.Theword＂presumptuous＂inthemiddleofthepassageisclosestinmeaningto＂__________＂.A．fullofrespectB．tooconfidentandrudeC．lackinginexperienceD．tooshyandquiet依據since引導的緣由狀語從句的內容（＂既然你是我的上司＂），我們可以推斷這里presumptuous的意思是：＂冒失的，放縱的＂意思，后半句的意思是：我告知你怎么做會是一種放縱/冒失的行為。對應的理解題答案為：B。Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots,oryoungleaves.依據緣由狀語從句的內容，我們可以推斷Pruning的意思是：＂修剪（樹枝等）＂的意思。4．依據同義、近義、并列、替代、說明等關系揣測詞義在句子或段落中，我們可以利用熟識的詞語，依據語言環(huán)境所表示的關系推斷生詞詞義。例如：WilliamShakespearesaid.＂Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn（紗線），goodandilltogether.＂Theunderlinedword＂mingled＂inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A．simple B．mixed C．sad D．happy句中goodandilltogether更詳細地說明白amingledyarn的意義，據此我們不難推想mingled的意思是：＂混合的，交織的＂，答案是：B。Isitpossibletobeathighbloodpressurewithoutdrugs?Theansweris＂yes＂,accordingtotheresearchersatJohnsHopkinsandthreeothermedicalcenters.依據andthreeothermedicalcenters這種并列關系，我們很簡單推斷出：JohnsHopkins是一家醫(yī)療中心?！菊骖}對點析】4（2024·江蘇卷）Inthe1960s，whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark，BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat，oddly，hadnottroubledanyonebefore:hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus，whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes，thinkoftheclassiccone(圓錐體)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro，whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(巖漿)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943，aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth，allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis，however，asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack，leavingbehindavasthole，thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype，butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos，herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean？A.Hot-airballoon. B.Digitalcamera.C.Bigphotograph. D.Bird'sview.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。講解并描述了二十世紀六十年頭BobChristiansen在探討黃石公園的火山歷史時，驚奇地發(fā)覺到處看不到火山的影子，原來，這兒的火山并不是像我們大部分人想象的那種圓錐體形態(tài)的高聳的樣子，而是一個巨大的洞，這個洞太大了以至于從地面上的任何地方都看不見?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】詞義揣測題。依據第三段第一句JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors’centers.可知，美國國家航空和宇宙航行局為測試一些新的高海拔照相機而拍攝了黃石公園的照片。一位深思熟慮的官員把其中的一些照片副本轉交給了公園管理部門，認為他們可能會將其放大以供一個游客中心展示。故可知，此處意為將照片放大，選C。【對點模擬練】4......ShebecamesternwithPoppy.“You’refoolish,Poppy,”shesaid.“Ihavemypride,”Poppyanswered.“Falsepride,”shehurled（斥責）backathim.3.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“stern”inparagraph5?A.patient B.angryC.respectful D.afraid.【答案】B【解析】詞義揣測題。下文“You’refoolish,Poppy,”shesaid.“Ihavemypride,”Poppyanswered.“Falsepride,”shehurled（斥責）backathim.意思是“你真傻，Poppy”她說?！拔矣形业陌谅盤oppy回答?！板e誤的傲慢，”她狠狠地回擊他。由此可知ShebecamesternwithPoppy.意思是她對Poppy很生氣?！皊tern”意思是生氣的，A.patient有耐性的；B.angry生氣的；C.respectful敬重的；D.afraid.膽怯 的，故選B?！究键c精準說】4---→構詞推斷法閱讀中經常會遇到一些由熟識的單詞派生或合成的新詞。駕馭構詞法對揣測詞義很有幫助。如：unforeseeable.這個詞，可以依據構詞法把它拆成un,fore,see,able；其中see是詞根，fore是“先，前，預”的含義，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能預見到的”意思。1．依據前綴揣測詞義例如：Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?依據詞根educational（教化的），結合前綴co-（共同，一起），我們便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：＂男女同校教化的＂意思。2．依據后綴揣測詞義例如：It'saquiet,comfortablehoteloverlooking(俯瞰)thebayinanuncommercializedCornishfishingvillageonEngland'smostsoutherlypoint．后綴-ise/ize意思是＂使成為…；使…化＂，結合詞根commercial（商業(yè)的），不難猜出uncommercialized的意思是：＂未被商業(yè)化的＂。3．依據復合詞的各部分揣測詞義例如：Goodtooldesignisimportantinthepreventionofoveruseinjuries.Well-designedtoolsandequipmentwillrequirelessforcetooperatethemandpreventawkward（別扭的）handpositions.Well-designed或許是個生詞，但我們分析該詞的結構后，就能推想出其含義。它由well（好，優(yōu)秀）和design（設計）兩部分組成，合在一起便是＂設計精致的＂意思。Weliveinatechnologicalsocietywheremostgoodsaremass-producedbyunskilledlabor.Becauseofthis,mostpeoplethatcraft(手藝)nolongerexists.依據合成詞中的mass（大量的）和produce（生產），我們可以推想mass-produce的意思是：＂大批量生產；規(guī)模生產＂的意思。【真題對點練】5（2024·北京高考真題）CertainformsofAIareindeedbecomingubiquitous.Forexample,algorithms(算法)carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother.Thesesystemsaresometimesfasterandmoreperceptivethanwehumansare.Butsofarthatisonlytrueforthespecifictasksforwhichthesystemshavebeendesigned.ThatissomethingthatsomeAIdevelopersarenoweagertochange.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inParagraphIprobablymean?A．Enormousinquantity. B．Changeabledaily.C．Stableinquality. D．Presenteverywhere.【答案】D詞義揣測題。依據劃線詞所在句后面的Forexample,algorithms(算法)carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets,self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets,andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother(例如，算法在我們的金融市場上進行大量交易，自動駕駛汽車出現在城市街道上，我們的智能手機正在從一種語言翻譯成另一種語言)可知，人工智能在我們生活中用處非常廣泛。由此推知，劃線詞所在句意為“某些形式的人工智能的確正在變得無處不在”，即劃線詞與D選項“Presenteverywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故選D項?！緦c模擬練】5…Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”…70.Theunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________________.A.value B.resultC.performance D.connection【答案】B【解析】運用“構詞法”進行揣測。動詞詞組comeout的意義為“露出、出現、顯露出”。再依據句子的語境，可揣測出其意義是：(試驗的)結果。Part3強化集訓【真題模測】Passage1（2024·海南高考真題）Theendoftheschoolyearwasinsightandspiritswerehigh.Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof"forbiddenfruit"thatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit."Pleasebringthatpistoltome,"Isaid."I'mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma'sBox.""What'sthat?"theyasked."It'salargewoodenchestfulloftoysformygrandchildren,"Ireplied,"Youdon'thavegrandchildren,"someonesaid."Idon'tnow."Ireplied."ButsomedayIwill.WhenIdo,myboxwillbefullofwonderfulthingsforthem."MyimaginaryGrandma'sBoxworkedlikemagicthatspring,andlater.Sometimes.studentswouldaskmetodescribeallthethingsIhadinit.ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway—sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthebelonging.The-yearswentby,andmyfirstgrandchildGordonwasborn.Isharedmyjoywiththatyear'sclass.Thensomeonesaid,"NowyoucanuseyourGrandma'sBox."Fromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thestudentswouldsay,"That'sokay.PutitinyourGrandma'sBoxforGordon."Ilovedtalkingabouttheimaginarybox,notonlywithmystudentsbutalsowithmyownchildren.TheyenjoyedhearingaboutalltheforbiddenfruitIhadcollected.ThenoneChristmasIreceivedasurprisegift—alarge,beautifullymadewoodenchest.MysonBrucehadmademyGrandma'sBoxareality.1．Whatwastheauthor'spurposeinhavingtheconversationwiththestudents?A．Tocollectthewaterpistol. B．Totalkabouthergrandchildren.C．Torecommendsometoys. D．Toexplainherteachingmethod.2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"theoffender"inparagraph8referto?A．Thestudent'sparent. B．ThemakeroftheGrandma'sBox.C．Theauthor'sgrandchild. D．Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit.3．WhatdidthestudentsdoaftertheylearnedaboutthebirthofGordon?A．Theywenttoplaywiththebaby. B．TheyaskedtoseetheGrandma'sBox.C．TheymadeapresentforGordon. D．Theystoppedaskingtheirtoysback.4．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Sheenjoystellingjokes. B．Sheisastrictandsmartteacher.C．Shelovesdoingwoodwork. D．Sheisaresponsiblegrandmother【答案】1．A2．D3．D4．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講敘了作者為收集學生們帶到學校的玩具，想出了一個“奶奶的盒子”的方法。到后來，作者的第一個孫子誕生，學生們也不再來要求歸還他們的財物了，作者也在某一年圣誕節(jié)收到了兒子制作的大木箱，將“奶奶的盒子”變成了現實。1．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段中“Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof"forbiddenfruit"thatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.(在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教書的地方，處理從書包里掏出的各種各樣的“禁果”。現在流行的是水槍)”以及第三段中“‘Pleasebringthatpistoltome,’Isaid.‘I'mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma'sBox.’(“請把那支水槍給我，”我說?！拔乙阉旁谖摇棠痰暮凶印铩！?”由此可知，作者與學生進行對話的目的是收集水槍。故選A。2．詞句揣測題。依據劃線詞后文“Iwouldreturnthebelonging”結合上文提到作者把學生帶到學校的玩具稱為“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里裝的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到這些禁果的擁有者在一天結束的時候出現，然后就會歸還他們的物品。由此可知，劃線詞意思為“禁果的擁有者”。故選D。3．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據倒數其次段中“Fromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thestudentswouldsay,‘That'sokay.PutitinyourGrandma'sBoxforGordon.’(從那時起，學生們不再來要求歸還他們的財物，而是說：“沒關系。把它放在你“奶奶給戈登的盒子”里)”由此可知，學生們在得知了戈登的誕生后，他們不再索要玩具。故選D。4．推理推斷題。依據文章中作者要收集學生們從書包里掏出的各種各樣的“禁果”，說明作者對待學生很嚴格；同時作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”這個的方法來收集學生們的玩具，說明作者很聰慧，由此可推知，作者是一個嚴格而聰慧的老師。故選B。Passage2（2024﹒新課標全國卷III，B）ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative."It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(來源)ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(時尚)shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美學)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHil.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks. B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes. D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theyaresettingthefashion. B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C.Theyadmiresupermodels. D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean?A.learningfrom B.lookingdownon C.workingwith D.competingagainst27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends【語篇解讀】這是一篇爭論文。文章主要講了中國文化對世界時尚屆的影響，中國年輕的設計師和模特如何最終在很多方面被認可。中國成了世界時尚的風向標。24.B【解析】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第三段Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.（此次展覽吸引的參觀者人數創(chuàng)下了記錄，顯示出人們對中國影響的深厚愛好。）由此可知，紐約的展覽吸引了很多參觀者，故選B。25.A【解析】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第四段Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.（中國模特是向全世界女性推銷幻想的美和時尚活動的代言人，這意味著中國女性不僅僅是時尚的消費者——她們是這場運動的核心。）由此可知，Hill說中國女性開創(chuàng)了新時尚，故選A。26.D【解析】詞義揣測題。下文andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales說并在設計和銷售上擊敗他們。由此推斷出上文VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MareJacobs的意思是VeraWang、AlexanderWang和JasonWu正在與Galliano、Albaz和MareJacobs競爭。takingon意思是“競爭”，故選D。27.D【解析】主旨大意題。依據文章第一段chinaanditsculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforwesterncreations.以及最終一段Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."（假如你今日談論時尚，你談論的是中國——它的影響，它的方向，它令人驚羨的服裝，以及年輕的設計師和模特如何最終在很多方面被認可。），結合全文內容，可知這篇文章最恰當的題目是“中國文化助力國際時尚潮流”，故選D。Passage3(2024·江蘇卷，B)Inthe1960s，whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark，BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat，oddly，hadnottroubledanyonebefore,hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus，whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes，thinkoftheclassiccone(圓錐體)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro，whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(巖漿)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943，aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth，allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis，however，asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack，leavingbehindavasthole，thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype，butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos，herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone？A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark.D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.59.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout？A.Theshapesofvolcanoes.B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes.C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes.D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean？A.Hot-airballoon. B.Digitalcamera.C.Bigphotograph. D.Bird'sview.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。講解并描述了二十世紀六十年頭BobChristiansen在探討黃石公園的火山歷史時，驚奇地發(fā)覺到處看不到火山的影子，原來，這兒的火山并不是像我們大部分人想象的那種圓錐體形態(tài)的高聳的樣子，而是一個巨大的洞，這個洞太大了以至于從地面上的任何地方都看不見。58.D【解析】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段最終一句ButChristiansencouldn’tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.可知，他困惑的是到處看不到火山。故選D。59.A【解析】主旨大意題。本段講解并描述了兩種形態(tài)的火山，一種是通常人們所理解的由火山巖漿積累形成的圓錐體，還有一種極具爆發(fā)力的火山，它們會在一個大裂縫中爆裂，留下一個巨大的洞，故選A。60.C【解析】詞義揣測題。依據第三段第一句JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors’centers.可知，美國國家航空和宇宙航行局為測試一些新的高海拔照相機而拍攝了黃石公園的照片。一位深思熟慮的官員把其中的一些照片副本轉交給了公園管理部門，認為他們可能會將其放大以供一個游客中心展示。故可知，此處意為將照片放大，選C?！拘骂}模測】Passage1Massiveopenonlinecourses(MOOCs)aremakingwavesnowadays,andalthoughit’stoosoontodeterminetheirfinalinfluenceontheuniversitiesacrossthecountryandtheworld,theyaresparkingoffalivelydebateamongeducatorsandstudents.ThefirstMOOCarrivedonthescenebackin2011whentwoStanfordteachersofferedtheirartificialintelligenceclassonlineforfree.Enrollmenttopped160,000,andtheunexpectedsuccessoftheexperimentencouragedotherschools.Supportersbelievemakingqualityeducationalinstructionavailabletothepublicwillprovidehigherqualityandlowercostformany,andmighteasilybethebestinstructionalmodelforthefuture.MOOCscanbeattendedbythousandsorevenhundredsofthousandsofstudentsatatime.Infact,SebastianThrun,oneoftheStanfordteacherswhostarteditall,seesadayinwhichasfewas10universitiesmeettheworld’shighereducationneeds.WhereMOOCsmayprovidequalityinstructionformany,detractorsoftenseethatveryfactasitsbiggestfailing.MOOCsdon’tofferanyindividualizedtraining,andsomeeducatorsfeelusingitasafor-creditstandardinthefuturewillleavesomestudentsbehind.Acommonargumentisthatindividualized,face-to-faceteachingworksbestinmanycases.Thelivelyexchangeofideascanactivateaclassroom.SomefindotheraspectsofMOOCstroubling.InthefirstMOOCs,plagiarism(剽竊)wasaproblemandcompletionratesonthewholewerelow.Thismayhavebeenbecausesomestudentswerecuriousabouttheformatratherthanfocusedonthestudy.HowwillMOOCsprogressinthefuture?Nooneknowsforsure,butthemodemclassroommayturnouttobeacombinationoftheoldandthenew,withon-campusactivitieslikelabs,debatesandonlineactivitiesworkingwithmassiveonlineofferingstoprovideaspeciallearningexperiencethat’scost-effectiveandconvenient.32．WhichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpartinParagraph1?A．Witnessingfalling. B．Gainingwealth.C．Gettingrecognition. D．Causingarguments.33．What’stheadvantageofMOOCsaccordingtosupporters?A．Studentscangetuniquetraining.B．Theatmospherecane