新高考英語二輪復習題型歸納與變式演練專題19 語法填空之有提示詞（原卷版）

專題19語法填空之有提示詞（原卷版）在一篇約200詞左右的短文中留出10個空白，部分空白后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求考生根據上下文在空白處填寫1個適當的單詞或所給單詞的正確形式。語法填空則更側重考查考生語法和詞匯在語境中的運用，強調詞匯的變形。同時強調語篇分析能力，凸顯交際性和語境化特征。有提示詞的空處一般考查的是動、名、形、副。一、有提示詞解法思維導圖(一)高頻考點之一：提示詞為動詞1．考查謂語動詞解題攻略若句中無謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；此時，應先考慮時態(tài)，考生可以根據句中的時間狀語或語篇提示確定時態(tài)，然后考慮語態(tài)，最后需考慮主謂一致和語氣問題，來確定謂語動詞的數。舉例1Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit____(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.分析：分析句子結構可知，前半句是由while引導的讓步狀語從句，后半句是主句，主句中含有一個賓語從句，即it...orswimming作says的賓語。又因此處是對客觀情況的描述，應用一般現在時，再根據主謂一致原則可知，應填is。舉例2DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry____(grow)morecornthanrice.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中缺少謂語動詞。根據時間狀語Since2011可知，謂語動詞需用現在完成時，根據句意可知應用主動語態(tài)，再根據主謂一致原則可知填hasgrown。舉例3TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment____(start)asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.分析：分析句子結構可知，whenthegovernment____(start)asoil-testingprogram為關系副詞when引導的定語從句，先行詞為2005。通過分析定語從句可知從句中缺少謂語動詞，再根據時間狀語between2005可知應填一般過去時，根據句意可知需用主動語態(tài)，故填started。考查非謂語動詞解題攻略若句中已有謂語動詞，空處又不在句中作并列謂語時，所要填的通常是非謂語動詞，此時需進一步確定是非謂語動詞的哪種形式。一般來說，作主語、賓語、表語、定語通常用動名詞形式；此外，doing表示主動、正在進行；done表示被動、完成；todo表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。舉例4Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong____(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof____(die)earlybyrunning.分析：第一句中已有謂語動詞don'thavetorun，故空格處應為非謂語動詞。根據句意可知應填不定式tosee，作目的狀語。第二句中已有謂語動詞reduce，故空格處應為非謂語動詞。又因空格前有介詞of，結合句意可知，應填dying，作介詞of的賓語。舉例5Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice____(improve)waterquality.分析：句中已有謂語動詞encourages，故空格處應為非謂語動詞。根據句意可知應填不定式toimprove，作目的狀語。舉例6China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile___(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有謂語動詞offers，再根據空格前有從屬連詞while可知，“while____(feed)itscitizens”為時間狀語從句的省略結構，所填的詞與其邏輯主語China之間為主動關系，故應填現在分詞feeding。舉例7ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,whenIwasthefirstWesternTVreporter____(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.分析：when引導的從句中已經有謂語動詞was，且從句中無其他連詞，故空處應填非謂語動詞。reporter與permit之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞表被動。過去分詞短語permittedto...作后置定語，修飾reporter。故填permitted。3．考查派生詞解題攻略有時所給提示詞雖然是動詞，但是空格處既不是考查謂語動詞也不是考查非謂語動詞，而是要求填所給詞的派生詞。此時要結合空格處前后的修飾詞來確定所給提示詞應派生為哪種詞性。一般考查動詞派生為名詞，有時還需考慮動詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~甚至副詞。舉例8Thisswitchhasdecreased__66__(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.分析：分析句子成分可知空格前面有謂語動詞hasdecreased，其后缺少賓語，故填名詞pollution。舉例9Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe___(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.分析：由前面的定冠詞the可知，其后應接名詞，故填introduction。(二)高頻考點之二：提示詞為名詞解題攻略所給提示詞為名詞時，通?？疾榭蓴得~的單數變復數，或名詞派生為形容詞、動詞等。舉例10Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall___(cause)．分析：分析句子成分可知，fromall___(cause)為介詞短語作后置定語，空處位于介詞之后作賓語，又因空格前面有all，所以填其復數形式causes。舉例11Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto____(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格前面有謂語動詞do，再根據句意可知，此處應填動詞形式，與空前的不定式符號to構成不定式短語，在句中作目的狀語。故填strengthen。舉例12TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost____(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.分析：根據語境并結合空前的themost可知，空處表達最高級意義。故填successful。(三)高頻考點之三：提示詞為形容詞或副詞解題攻略當提示詞為形容詞或副詞時，需考慮是否是考查比較級或形容詞和副詞之間的相互轉換。當提示詞為形容詞時，還要考慮是否需要轉換為名詞形式。舉例13(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears____(long)thannon-runners.分析：根據空格后面的than可知，此處考查比較級形式，故填longer。舉例14Atasteformeatis__63__(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.分析：分析句子成分可知，空處在句中作狀語，修飾謂語動詞is應用副詞。故填actually。(四)低頻考點：提示詞為代詞解題攻略所給提示詞是代詞時，一般考查人稱代詞變?yōu)槲镏鞔~。有時需考慮人稱代詞單數變?yōu)閺蛿?、主格變?yōu)橘e格、人稱代詞變?yōu)榉瓷泶~等。舉例15WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind___(they)alive.分析：因空處作動詞find的賓語，故應填人稱代詞的賓格形式，即them。舉例16Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby__68__(it)mother.分析：mother是名詞，所填詞作定語修飾mother，故填其形容詞性物主代詞its。二、高考真題分項演練一、2022年高考真題【2022新高考I卷】TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and__________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.【2022全國乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe__largest_(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.【2022全國乙卷】TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening__________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【2022新高考I卷】__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority___________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.【2022全國甲卷】Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.【2022全國甲卷】InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation___________(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.【2022全國甲卷】Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.【2022全國乙卷】__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,__________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.【2022年新高考2卷】HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.【2022年新高考2卷】Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.【2022新高考I卷】Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,【2022新高考I卷】Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP__________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產)forfuturegenerations”.【2022年浙江卷1月】ButCobbandothers________（be）nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,and________（change）theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.【2022全國甲卷】Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore___________(meaning).【2022全國甲卷】...andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’s_________(high)mountain.【2022全國乙卷】“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe_________(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.【2022年浙江卷1月】OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,__________（rough）200academics-manyofthemclimatescientistshavepromisedtoflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.【2022新高考二卷】Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.【2022新高考二卷】Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.【2022.6全國甲卷改錯】ThedisagreementwastoosharpthatneitherhenorIknewwhattosettleit.【2022.6全國乙卷語法填空】___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,【2022年新高考2卷】Hesavedmyson'slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”二、2021年高考真題【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan'thelpwonderinghowhardit

6

(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand

10

(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】It

1

(build)originallytoprotectthecity

in

theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored（修復）.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】We

6

(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】Itdoesn'timpresslikeGeorgeWashington'splantationonthePohomac,butLincoln'shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,

1

(prove)irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublie.

【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】Mary'sniecewrote,pretty,"Thelittlehome

5

(paint)white.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Itiscalculatedbydividinga

person’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Incities,however,thegain

6

(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill

3

(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Butthat'shownatureis—alwaysleavingus

5

(astonish).【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

watchtowerstotakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir

10

(day)routines.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

5

(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Provide

8

(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch

4

(small)thanitistoday.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed

8

(sharp).【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

livinginthecountryside,including

10

(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

1

(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

developmentofthelocalareas.【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe

2

(human)are.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand

9

(watchtower)totakepictures...【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】.

9

(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠足）andaccommodationsaim

tohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【2021.1浙江卷語法填空】Itiscalculatedbydividinga

3

(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.【2021.6浙江卷語法填空】In1844theyboughtit

for＄1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir

3

(marry)ceremonyin1842.【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

educatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

2

(develop)ofthelocalareas.【2021.6新高考1卷語法填空】Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure

andoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour

8

(ache)legs.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】Itispossible

3

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.【2021.6全國甲卷語法填空】After

4

(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat

betterthantorideonapieceofhistory!【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Minimizetheimpactof

7

(visit)theplace.【2021.6全國乙卷語法填空】Activitithererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠足）andaccommodationsaim

10

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.二、高考真題綜合演練一、2022年高考真題【2022年新高考2卷】HenryTylermadethecatchoftheyearontheweekend.Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___36___(fall)child.EricBrown,onlythreeyearsold,knockedHenrydownwhenhefell.Theboyisinthehospitalanddoctorssayhe'llbeOK.___37___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.Theybothfell___38___(sleep)whilewatchingTV.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony,andclimbedup___39___(see)them.Whenhelookeddown,he___40___(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.Hehungonforafewminutes___41___screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.Henry___42___(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.Hequickly___43___(throw)histoolsaside,andstartedrunning,armsout.Hesavedmy___44___(son)life,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow___45___tothankhim.”"Ijustdidn'twanttheboytobehurt,"saidHenry.【2022年全國乙卷】May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially___61___theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate___62___festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety___63___(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe___64___(large)tea-producingcountry,Chinahasa___65___(responsible)toworkwithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha___66___(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(發(fā)布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogethertopromoteinternationalcooperation___67___culturalexchanges.Afour-yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccordancewiththeinitiative.___68___(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,___69___(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremonyopening_____70_____(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.【2022年北京卷】AHelenwaswalkingdownthestreetlate11theevening,herarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn’tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention12(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.Eventually,theman13(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!BWhydohumansprefersomesmellsoverothers?Onetheory,increasingly 14(support)byexperts,suggeststhatsmellpreferencesarelearned.It’seasytoexplainhowwedetermine15smellsaredangerousornot:welearn.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetectionofgasleaks.Gasnaturally16(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.CSincepeoplecan’talwayseatoutorcookfor17(they),theygettakeoutororderdelivery.Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste,especiallyplasticwaste.Thatincludescups,bottles,andbags,mostof18areonlygoodforoneuse.That’sabigproblemanditisgettingeven19(bad).Theuseofthoseplastics20(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.【2022年1月浙江卷】Kim

Cobb,aprofessorattheGeorgia

InstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics56

arecuttingbackontheirairtravelbecauseofclimatechange,Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike-frequentlybyplane57

(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.ButCobbandothers58

(be)nowquestioning

thatidea

pushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotelyand59

(change)theirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci.Forexample.60

(rough)

200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists61

(promise)toflyaslittleaspossible

sincetheeffortstartedtwoyears

ago.Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak62

shecoulddosoremotely,aboutthreequartersof63

time,theyagreed,Whentheanswerwasno,shedeclinedthe

64

(invite).ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravel

lastyeardownby75%,andsheplans65

(continue)thepractice.“Ithasbeenfairlyrewarding.”shesays.”areallypositivechange”二、2021年高考真題【2021.6北京卷A篇】Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse

1

(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything

2

happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit

3

(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.【2021.6北京卷B篇】Samisanin-real-lifestreamer（播主）,andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome

1

acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout

2

shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould

3

(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.【2021.6北京卷C篇】There

1

(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,

2

(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,

3

(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed

4

(invest)indisasterprevention.【2021.6新高考2卷】I'vealwayslovedtheocean.Inthe____36____(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,____37____(think)itisfood.Idecidedtodosomething____38____(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.Iwantedtoreachbusinessestoo.IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany____39____usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.Oneday,Isawacommercialforahealth-carecompany.Peopleintheadwereusingplasticstraws（吸管）.Ifoundthecontactinformationofthecompany____40____emaileditspresident.Itoldhimhow____41____(harm)plasticcouldbetotheenvironmentandaskedhimtoconsiderusingmoreeco-friendlyoptions.Iwasso____42____(excite)whenhewrotebacktome.Hesaidhewouldmakesurethatthecompanycutitsuseofplasticstrawsinhalf.Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto____43____(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.Acompany____44____(represent)wrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingover_____45_____plastictopapercupsonallofits1,200dailyflights.【2021.6全國乙卷】Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact（影響）traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

1

(educate)abouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe

2

(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotourismhas

3

(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

4

thelate1980s.Duringthattime,increasingenvironmentalawarenessmadeitdesirable.Dueto

5

growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypes

6

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Actually,atrueeco-friendlytripmustmeetthefollowingprinciples:●Minimizetheimpactof

7

(visit)theplace.●Buildrespectforandawarenessoftheenvironmentandculturalpractices.●Provide

8

(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.●Makesurethatthetourismprovidespositiveexperiencesforboththevisitorsandthehosts.KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseofitsuniquebiodiversity.

9

(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking（遠足）andaccommodationsaim

10

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.【2021.1浙江卷】Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex（體重指數）across200countriesthescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier

1

thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMTinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool

2

givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga

3

(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

4

(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased

5

2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain

6

(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed"strikingchanges"inthegeographyofBMI.In1985,urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries

7

(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed

8

(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople

9

(live)inthecountryside,including

10

(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities. 三、2020年高考真題【2020全國3卷】InancientChinalivedanartist

1

paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist'sreputationhadmadehimproud.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait（畫像）donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir

2

（fine）work,sothathecouldchoosethebest.Theartistwassurehewould

3

（choose）,butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.ThewiseoldmantoldhimtotraveltotheLiRiver—perhapshecouldlearnalittlefromthegreatestartistintheworld.Filledwith

4

（curious）,theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.

5

heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（傳奇的）artist,theysmiledand

6

（point）downtheriver.Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout

7

（find）thewell-knownpainter.Asthesmallboatmoved,

8

（gentle）alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.Hepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

9

（surround）themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled（謙卑）bythegreatestartist

10

earth,MotherNature.【2020北京卷】A篇OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood

1

（play）abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're

2

（luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem

3

youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.B篇Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey

1

（throw）

away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears

2

（break）down.Manyofthesebagsendup

in

the

ocean

where

larger

ones

can

trap

sea

creatures,such

as

turtles

and

dolphins.

Over

time,the

bags

fall

apart

3

countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeat

some

of

them.

Now,lots

of

4

（country）andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.C篇Apieceofstone

1

（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals

2

（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere

3

（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.【2020.7上海卷】Oneoftheearliest-knowninventionsisthebowandarrow,whichisstillusedthroughouttheworldtoday,15,000years

1

itwasfirstinvented.Ofcourse,thesedays,thebowandarrow

2

(use)mainlyinsportingevents,butinsomeplacesitisstillameansofkillinganimalsforfood.InwesternAsia,anotherextremelyimportantinventionwasborn—theabilitytoproducepots.Aslongas6500yearsago,peoplewereproducingpottery,mostlyplainandwithoutdesigns,butthetechniquehaschangedlittlesince.Somepeoplesaythatt