新高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型歸納與變式演練專題12 記敘文類閱讀理解（原卷版）

專題12記敘文類閱讀理解（原卷版）記敘文類文章描述的是一件具體事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，通常有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等。一、解題策略 1.記敘文寫作特點(diǎn)高考閱讀理解體裁紛繁多樣，但每套試卷通常包含一到兩篇記敘文。在所有的閱讀體裁中，記敘文的難度相對(duì)是比較低的。如果掌握了閱讀的技巧，多多實(shí)踐，閱讀能力就有可能大大提高。要熟練掌握記敘文的閱讀技巧，了解記敘文的寫作特點(diǎn)與命題特點(diǎn)也是有必要的。記敘文是一種記載和敘述事件由來(lái)，描繪事物和人物情景狀態(tài)、過(guò)程及發(fā)展的文體。消息、通訊、傳記、游記、小說(shuō)、童話、寓言以及記敘性的散文等文體，都屬于記敘文的范疇。就寫作順序而言，記敘文要么是按時(shí)間順序，要么是按事件的重要性的順序來(lái)展開(kāi)。不管是哪種敘述方法，最后經(jīng)常會(huì)有一兩句話抒發(fā)作者的情緒與感悟，這是記敘文的精華所在，也是閱讀的難點(diǎn)所在，可謂＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂?？傊?.同一人物重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，以人物關(guān)系為發(fā)展主線；2.有不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)分布，以時(shí)間為發(fā)展順序；3.生詞少，句子短；4.最終給讀者以一定道理以及啟迪。 2.記敘文考情分析有些文章是按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)為主線敘述的，在敘述的過(guò)程中有詳有略；有些文章是按時(shí)間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。從總體上來(lái)講，文章的難度通常不大，在閱讀過(guò)程中，我們一直在某個(gè)線索的引導(dǎo)下，隨著作者的思路去了解一個(gè)故事或一件事情的始末，因此會(huì)感到比較輕松。命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的辨認(rèn)能力以及推理判斷能力。閱讀此類文章應(yīng)特別注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，應(yīng)讀懂故事的發(fā)生，發(fā)展，高潮和結(jié)局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蘊(yùn)含的哲理意義；（3）若是＂逸聞趣事＂，應(yīng)體會(huì)對(duì)話的風(fēng)趣性，進(jìn)而才能感受幽默的精髓。記敘文命題特點(diǎn)從命題形式上看，常見(jiàn)的有細(xì)節(jié)理解、詞義猜測(cè)、主旨大意、推理判斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識(shí)題，記敘文命題的順序一般都會(huì)按照文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的順序?qū)訉油七M(jìn)，否則就會(huì)覺(jué)得別扭，邏輯不通。同時(shí)，記敘文需要事件的發(fā)展過(guò)程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會(huì)用來(lái)檢測(cè)考生對(duì)故事的了解，因此，我們必須弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對(duì)作者所發(fā)的感觸的理解?？傊?，細(xì)節(jié)題是記敘文命題的主流題型。而寓意之類的題則是高一層次的題，有一定的難度和區(qū)分度，它們是拉開(kāi)距離的題，答對(duì)了這些題，你才有可能成功地躋身高分之列。近五年高考英語(yǔ)閱讀記敘文主要考查類型1.故事敘述2.成功經(jīng)歷3.態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變4.人性關(guān)懷5.職業(yè)生涯6.人物影響7.情感抒發(fā)8.教育理念 3.記敘文解題技巧記敘文的應(yīng)對(duì)策略即：不漏細(xì)節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準(zhǔn)寓意，方能成功。一把鑰匙開(kāi)一把鎖。要解答好記敘文閱讀理解題，就應(yīng)該有一套針對(duì)性強(qiáng)的方法和技巧。下面是我們?cè)陂喿x教學(xué)中積累下來(lái)的一點(diǎn)心得體會(huì)，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助。解題技能訓(xùn)練No.1順藤摸瓜記敘文中有大量的事件發(fā)展過(guò)程中的細(xì)節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我們作答細(xì)節(jié)題的時(shí)候，就沒(méi)有那么復(fù)雜，一般只需要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。No.2左顧右盼在做題過(guò)程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語(yǔ)或句子。這時(shí)我們需要認(rèn)真研究問(wèn)題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，然后到文中準(zhǔn)確地找到與之相關(guān)的語(yǔ)句，或是疑似語(yǔ)句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句尋找線索。No.3刨根問(wèn)底如前所述，主旨大意題或推理判斷、作者意圖題等實(shí)際上是同一類型的問(wèn)題，或者說(shuō)是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時(shí)候，不可被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個(gè)可選項(xiàng)中，一個(gè)一個(gè)地去證實(shí)，去排除。特別是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去尋覓。有時(shí)還少不了借助自己的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常理來(lái)體會(huì)這言外之意。No.4撥云見(jiàn)日每年的高考閱讀題中，特別是記敘文的閱讀題，都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義猜測(cè)題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點(diǎn)頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在高考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個(gè)詞，一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，考核的不是你的語(yǔ)法的熟練程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對(duì)文章通篇或者一個(gè)段落的整體把握和變通能力。這時(shí)，你不僅需要＂左顧右盼＂，還需要在幾句話，一個(gè)段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行間中快速搜尋，看看前面、后面都發(fā)生了些什么；反復(fù)琢磨人物、事物，或者人物與事物之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，才可能在最后撥開(kāi)團(tuán)團(tuán)迷霧，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案。總體解題步驟1.分析題干（找出所有問(wèn)題并預(yù)覽全文）；2.通讀全文同時(shí)解出細(xì)節(jié)題（不可跳過(guò)文章中任何一處信息）；3.把握中心，解剩余題。解題注意事項(xiàng)1.必須通讀全文，不可遺漏任何信息，每一段落相互關(guān)聯(lián)；2.文章結(jié)尾處通常是中心主旨所在處，必須精讀；3.注意文章中的各種人物關(guān)系（主要人物關(guān)系/次要人物關(guān)系）。高考真題一、2022年高考真題【2022年6月全國(guó)甲卷D篇】Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then,oneafteranother,Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks,superbbeaches,andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean?”Iasked.“Oh,they’rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey’renotsoelegant,andthey’renotfuntopilot.Butthat’sprogress,Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號(hào)),andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald,thecity’sofficialhistorian,toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself,”shesaid.“Wecan’tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It’saconflictthatwearen’tgettinganybetteratresolving(解決).”O(jiān)ntheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry,”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3000years,andtheChinesemorestill.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It’saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Sydney’sstrikingarchitecture. B.TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C.ThekeytoSydney’sdevelopment. D.Sydney’stouristattractionsinthe1960s.33.WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A.Hegoestoworkbyboat. B.Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C.Hepilotscatamaranswell. D.Heisattachedtotheoldferries.34.WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A.Itislosingitstraditions. B.Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C.Itshouldexpanditspopulation. D.Itisbecomingmoreinternational.35.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B.Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C.Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.【2022年6月北京卷B篇】MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantlystaringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmycouragetospeakone-on-onewithhim—anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwaswheremystorybegan.Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,Inowseethatthiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,butthatthisnewandmoreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI’verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle(障礙)thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedsomanypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican’t.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait;Isay:grabeveryopportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butouraction.24.WhatwasthemaincauseforAlice’sanxiety?A.Herinabilitytoactherage. B.Herhabitofconsumption.C.Herdesiretobeperfect. D.Herlackofinspiration.25.HowdidGrantBrown’spresentationinfluenceAlice?A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature. B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire. D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.26.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore________.A.intelligent B.confident C.innovative D.critical27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.C.Actionisworry’sworstenemy. D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.【2022年6月浙江卷A篇】Pastaandpizzawereoneveryone’slunchmenuinmynativelandofItaly.Everyonewhohadsuchalunchwasfair-skinnedandspokeItalian.Afewyearslater,asIstoodinthelunchlinewithmykindergartenclassinaschoolinBrooklyn,Irealizedthingswerenolongerthatsimple.Myclassmatesrangedfromthosekidswithpaleskinandlargeblueeyestothosewithrichbrownskinanddarkhair.Thefoodchoiceswerealmostasdiverseasthestudents.InfrontofmewasanarrayoffoodsIcouldn’tevennameinmynativelanguage.FearingthatIwouldpickoutsomethingawful,Idesperatelytriedtoasktheboyaheadofmeforarecommendation.Unfortunately,betweenusstoodthebarrieroflanguage.Althoughmykindergartenexperiencefeelslikeacenturyago,thelessonsIlearnedwillstickinmymindforever.Forthepastthreesummers,IhaveworkedinagovernmentagencyinNewYork.Newimmigrantsmuchlikethelittlegirlinthelunchlinefloodedourofficeseekinghelp.IoftenhadtobeaninterpreterfortheItalian-speakingones.AsIservedtheroleofvitalcommunicationlink,IwasremindedofmydesperatestruggletoconversebeforeIlearnedEnglish.IwatchedwithgreatsympathyaselderlyItalianstriedtoholdaconversationinItalianwithpeoplewhodidnotspeakthelanguage.ItsuddenlybecameverycleartomehowluckyIwastobefluentintwolanguages.InNewYork,amulticulturalcity,studentslikemeareblessedwithachancetoworkwithadiversepopulation.InmyEnglishtoItaliantranslations,I’velearnedaboutsocialprogramsthatIdidn’tknowexisted.Thisworkexpandedmymindinwaysthatareimpossibleinsidethefourwallsofaclassroom.WalkingthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntoday,Iamnolongerconfusedbythiscity’ssoundsandsmells.Instead,enjoyitsdiversity.1.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterenteringschoolinBrooklyn?A.Timepassedquickly. B.Englishwashardtolearn.C.Thefoodwasterrible. D.Peoplewereverydifferent.2.Whodoes“thelittlegirl”inparagraph2referto?AAnItalianteacher. B.Agovernmentofficial.C.Theauthorherself. D.Theauthor’sclassmate.3.Howdidthesummerjobbenefittheauthor?A.Itstrengthenedherloveforschool. B.Ithelpedsharpenhersenseofdirection.C.Itopenedhereyestotherealworld. D.Itmadeherchildhooddreamcometrue.【2022年1月浙江卷A篇】Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危機(jī)）inthelate2000s．Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地產(chǎn)）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwanderingontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn’ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicesatisfiesher

wanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.HemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniancoast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30,000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestlessthesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshemusthandle

alone,though.Merebethsays,"WhenI'montheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.I'vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImust

helpanimals."21.WhydidMerebethchangeherjob?A.Shewantedtoworknearherhome.B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.D.Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.22.Theword“wanderlust"inparagraph2meansadesireto?A.makemoney.

B.tryvariousjobs.C.beclosetonature.

D.traveltodifferentplaces.23.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?A.Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.【2022年1月浙江卷B篇】TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodofthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodernworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscuriousthat

no

onehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectric

revolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers:Steam,Electricity,andtheMen

Who

InventedModernAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrative(敘述)

solivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,“Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspedits

possibility

theyput

it

tomoreusesthananyoneelse.”

Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.Edisonperfectedanincandescentbulb(白熾燈泡)

thatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent（交流電）,whichsoonbecamethemajorformofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.24.WhatisKlein'sunderstandingoftheageofelectricity?A.Itiscloselylinkedtothesteamage.B.Itbeganearlierthanpeople

thought.C.Itisalittle-studiedperiodofhistory.D.Itwillcometoanendsoonerorlater.25.WhatcanbeinferredaboutNed?A.HewasborninNewYorkCity.

B.Hewrotemanyinterestingstories,C.Hecreatedanelectricitycompany.D.Helivedmainlyinthe19thcentury.26.Whatisthetext?A.Abiography.B.Abookreview.C.Ashortstory.D.Asciencereport.二、2021年高考真題1.【2021新高考1卷B篇】Byday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner."I'mnotatrainedmusician,butI'velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance."MrTittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup'sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage."Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon'tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot,"

MrTittertonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof"nodding"toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong.

"Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,"

MrTittertonsaid.

"LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback."Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage."Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,"

shelaughed.

"He'sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:

'Turn,turn!'"

"RobertisthebestpageturnerI'vehadinmyentirelife."1.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.Readmusic.B.Playthepiano.C.Singsongs.D.Fixtheinstruments.2WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton'sjobonstage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.3WhatdoesTittertonneedtopractise?A.Countingthepages.B.Recognizingthe

"nodding".C.Catchingfallingobjects.D.Performinginhisownstyle.4WhyisMsRaspopova'shusband

"theworstpageturner"

?A.Hehasverypooreyesight.B.Heignorestheaudience.C.Hehasnointerestinmusic.D.Heforgetstodohisjob.2.【2021全國(guó)甲卷C篇】WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（橫桿）,Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:

"Safe!Safe!Safe!"

Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear;touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT-shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances."Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,"Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safe.”"Yeah,"Isaid.“Safe."1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"Safe!Safe!Safe!"probablymean?A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don'tworry.3.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnnewtricks.D.Torelievehischildhooddays.4.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.B.Sportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging.D.Seeingtheworldismustforchildren.3.【2021年6月浙江卷】LeslieNielsen'schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer（職業(yè)）inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyeasuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn'tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn'tuntil1980—32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforin

Airplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyearhealwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecorner.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen'sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.1.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.2.WhatdoweknowaboutNelseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.3.WhatdoesNielsen'scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It'snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere'sawillthere'saway.4.【2021年6月北京卷B篇】Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester（學(xué)期）projectofvolunteeringatanon-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp,mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC).MyfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite,IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair（絕望）andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible,andmakethemintokits—onekit,onechild.Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday,whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingtheitemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected,ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths,IhadneverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits,IrealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted,andreadytobesentoverseas,thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget.Inthebeginning,Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectisover,IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife,butten.Withourefforts,tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.1.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?A.Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.B.Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.C.Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.D.Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.2.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?A.ImagesofIraqichildren.B.Researchbyhis/herclassmates.C.Ateacher'sintroduction.D.Arepresentative'scomments.3.Theauthor'sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento

.A.becomeOICvolunteersB.furthertheireducationC.studyinforeigncountriesD.influenceotherchildren4.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.One'spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.B.Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Hewhohesitatesislost.5.【2021年6月北京卷C篇】Hundredsofscientists,writersandacademicssoundedawarningtohumanityinanopenletterpublishedlastDecember:Policymakersandtherestofusmustengageopenlywiththeriskofglobalcollapse.Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas"acrediblescenario（情景）thiscentury".Asurveyofscientistsfoundthatextremeweatherevents,foodinsecurity,andfreshwatershortagesmightcreateglobalcollapse.Ofcourse,ifyouareanon-humanspecies,collapseiswellunderway.Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespecially

germane

inthismomentofstill-uncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Notverylongago,itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility.Theinternationalscholars'warningletterdoesn'tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitmighthappen.Collapseology,thestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwiththemthedangersofeverydaycivilization.Amongthesignatories（簽署者）ofthewarningwasBobJohnson,theoriginatorofthe"ecologicalfootprint"concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvironmentalinputneededtomaintainagivenlifestyle.Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity,"itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform,possiblywithinadecade,certainlywithinthiscentury,"Johnsonsaidinanemail.Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits,theDecemberwarninglettersays,canwehavethehopetoreducetheir"speed,severityandharm".Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelytobeignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote,Manisavictimofdope（麻醉品）Intheincurableformofhope.Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedtheletterareintent（執(zhí)著）onquietinghopethatignorespreparedness."Let'slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse,"theysay,"anddealwiththeterriblepossibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebestofatroublingfuture."1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"germane"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Scientific.B.Credible.C.Original.D.Relevant.2.Asforthepublicawarenessofglobalcollapse,theauthoris

.A.worriedB.puzzledC.surprisedD.scared3.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.The